In oil and gas field, the application of kinetic hydrate inhibitors （KHIs） independently has remained problematic in high subcooling and high water-cut situation. One feasible method to resolve this problem is the c...In oil and gas field, the application of kinetic hydrate inhibitors （KHIs） independently has remained problematic in high subcooling and high water-cut situation. One feasible method to resolve this problem is the combined use of KHIs and some synergists, which would enhance KHIs’ inhibitory effect on both hydrate nucleation and hydrate crystal growth. In this study, a novel kind of KHI copolymer poly（N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-co-2-vinyl pyridine）s （HGs） is used in conjunction with TBAB to show its high performance on hydrate inhibition. The performance of HGs with different monomer ratios in structure II tetrahydrofuran （THF） hydrate is investigated using kinetic hydrate inhibitor evaluation apparatus by step-cooling method and isothermal cooling method. With the combined gas hydrate inhibitor at the concentration of 1.0 wt%, the induction time of 19 wt% THF solution could be prolonged to 8.5 h at a high subcooling of 6℃. Finally, the mechanism of HGs inhibiting the formation of gas hydrate is proposed.展开更多
PANI copolymer micro/nanostructures with different surface wettability were obtained from the chemical oxidation copolymerization of aniline(Ani)with 2-ethyl aniline(EA)at diverse[EA]/[Ani+EA]molar ratios,by employing...PANI copolymer micro/nanostructures with different surface wettability were obtained from the chemical oxidation copolymerization of aniline(Ani)with 2-ethyl aniline(EA)at diverse[EA]/[Ani+EA]molar ratios,by employing ammonium persulfate as an oxidant.The results revealed that the poly(aniline-co-2-ethyl aniline)(PANI-EA)copolymer micro/nanostructures exhibited satisfactory anticorrosion performance for carbon steel,and the corrosion protection efficiency increased with the increase of water repellent property.Poly(2-ethyl aniline)(PEA)showed the largest contact angle(CA=145°)and show the best corrosion protection for the carbon steel(h=87.29%).It is found that the superior anticorrosion property of PEA is attributed to its high hydrophobicity,low conductivity and low porosity.展开更多
Working performances of the components made out of 49Fe-49Co-2V alloy are closely related to the surface integrity of the drilled holes,which are influenced remarkably by the cooling conditions.The present study focus...Working performances of the components made out of 49Fe-49Co-2V alloy are closely related to the surface integrity of the drilled holes,which are influenced remarkably by the cooling conditions.The present study focuses on the surface integrity differences between wet and dry drilled 49Fe-49Co-2V alloy holes.The drilled hole surface roughness and topographies,metallurgical and mechanical properties,and the exit characterizations were obtained using optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron backscatter diffraction microscopy(EBSD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)and Vickers hardness techniques,etc.The effects of cooling conditions on the surface integrity were concluded and the influence mechanisms were analyzed based on the force and temperature differences in drilling process with different cooling conditions.It is found that the surface roughness and the thickness of refined-grain region of the dry drilled holes are larger than those of wet drilled holes;work hardening induced by wet drilling is more serious than dry drilling;chippings occurred in the exits of the wet drilled holes due to the material brittleness,which could be avoided by dry drilling.The surface integrity differences of wet and dry drilled holes are closely related to the force and temperature differences in drilling process with different cooling conditions.展开更多
Presents a waveguide CO 2 laser with two unequal long channels excited by radio frequency (RF) which has more than 30 laser lines from a long channel of 400 mm with grating, and 3 laser lines from a short channel of 2...Presents a waveguide CO 2 laser with two unequal long channels excited by radio frequency (RF) which has more than 30 laser lines from a long channel of 400 mm with grating, and 3 laser lines from a short channel of 200 mm by PZT.展开更多
The effects of reaction temperature, partial pressure of methane, catalyst weight and gas hourly space velocity （GHSV） on methane decomposition were reported. The decomposition reaction was performed in a vertical f...The effects of reaction temperature, partial pressure of methane, catalyst weight and gas hourly space velocity （GHSV） on methane decomposition were reported. The decomposition reaction was performed in a vertical fixed-bed reactor over 8Co-2Mo/Al 2 O 3 catalyst. The experimental results show that these four process parameters studied had vital effects on carbon yield. As revealed by the electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy analyses, the reaction temperature and GHSV governed the average diameter, the diameter distribution and the degree of graphitization of the synthesized carbon nanotubes （CNTs）. Also, an evidence is presented to show that higher temperatures and higher GHSV favored the formation of better-graphitized CNTs with larger diameters.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China ("973" Program) (Grant No. 2009CB219504-03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 51106054)the Colleges and Universities High-level Talents Program of Guangdong
文摘In oil and gas field, the application of kinetic hydrate inhibitors （KHIs） independently has remained problematic in high subcooling and high water-cut situation. One feasible method to resolve this problem is the combined use of KHIs and some synergists, which would enhance KHIs’ inhibitory effect on both hydrate nucleation and hydrate crystal growth. In this study, a novel kind of KHI copolymer poly（N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone-co-2-vinyl pyridine）s （HGs） is used in conjunction with TBAB to show its high performance on hydrate inhibition. The performance of HGs with different monomer ratios in structure II tetrahydrofuran （THF） hydrate is investigated using kinetic hydrate inhibitor evaluation apparatus by step-cooling method and isothermal cooling method. With the combined gas hydrate inhibitor at the concentration of 1.0 wt%, the induction time of 19 wt% THF solution could be prolonged to 8.5 h at a high subcooling of 6℃. Finally, the mechanism of HGs inhibiting the formation of gas hydrate is proposed.
基金financial supports of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41476059)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province (No. E2018108011)
文摘PANI copolymer micro/nanostructures with different surface wettability were obtained from the chemical oxidation copolymerization of aniline(Ani)with 2-ethyl aniline(EA)at diverse[EA]/[Ani+EA]molar ratios,by employing ammonium persulfate as an oxidant.The results revealed that the poly(aniline-co-2-ethyl aniline)(PANI-EA)copolymer micro/nanostructures exhibited satisfactory anticorrosion performance for carbon steel,and the corrosion protection efficiency increased with the increase of water repellent property.Poly(2-ethyl aniline)(PEA)showed the largest contact angle(CA=145°)and show the best corrosion protection for the carbon steel(h=87.29%).It is found that the superior anticorrosion property of PEA is attributed to its high hydrophobicity,low conductivity and low porosity.
基金co-supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project (No. 2017-Ⅶ-0002-0095)the Science Challenge Project (No. TZ2018006-0101-01)the Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2019M661090)
文摘Working performances of the components made out of 49Fe-49Co-2V alloy are closely related to the surface integrity of the drilled holes,which are influenced remarkably by the cooling conditions.The present study focuses on the surface integrity differences between wet and dry drilled 49Fe-49Co-2V alloy holes.The drilled hole surface roughness and topographies,metallurgical and mechanical properties,and the exit characterizations were obtained using optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron backscatter diffraction microscopy(EBSD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS)and Vickers hardness techniques,etc.The effects of cooling conditions on the surface integrity were concluded and the influence mechanisms were analyzed based on the force and temperature differences in drilling process with different cooling conditions.It is found that the surface roughness and the thickness of refined-grain region of the dry drilled holes are larger than those of wet drilled holes;work hardening induced by wet drilling is more serious than dry drilling;chippings occurred in the exits of the wet drilled holes due to the material brittleness,which could be avoided by dry drilling.The surface integrity differences of wet and dry drilled holes are closely related to the force and temperature differences in drilling process with different cooling conditions.
文摘Presents a waveguide CO 2 laser with two unequal long channels excited by radio frequency (RF) which has more than 30 laser lines from a long channel of 400 mm with grating, and 3 laser lines from a short channel of 200 mm by PZT.
基金supported by the Malaysian Technology Development Corporation (MTDC) under the Commercialization of Research & Development Fund (CRDF) (Project A/C No. MBF065-USM/05)the Monash Internal Seed Grant (A/C no: E-9-09)
文摘The effects of reaction temperature, partial pressure of methane, catalyst weight and gas hourly space velocity （GHSV） on methane decomposition were reported. The decomposition reaction was performed in a vertical fixed-bed reactor over 8Co-2Mo/Al 2 O 3 catalyst. The experimental results show that these four process parameters studied had vital effects on carbon yield. As revealed by the electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy analyses, the reaction temperature and GHSV governed the average diameter, the diameter distribution and the degree of graphitization of the synthesized carbon nanotubes （CNTs）. Also, an evidence is presented to show that higher temperatures and higher GHSV favored the formation of better-graphitized CNTs with larger diameters.
