Future mobile networks in the sixth generation(6G)are poised for a paradigm shift from conventional communication services toward comprehensive information services,driving the evolution of radio access network(RAN)ar...Future mobile networks in the sixth generation(6G)are poised for a paradigm shift from conventional communication services toward comprehensive information services,driving the evolution of radio access network(RAN)architectures toward enhanced cooperation,intelligence,and service orientation.Building upon the concept of centralized,collaborative,cloud,and clean RAN(C-RAN),this article proposes a novel cooperative,intelligent,and service-based RAN(CIS-RAN)architecture.Focusing on cooperation,CIS-RAN extends the traditional cooperative communication paradigm by further integrating cooperative sensing and cooperative artificial intelligence(AI).To improve both performance and effectiveness across diverse application scenarios,CIS-RAN enhances network cooperation throughout the entire process of acquisition,transmission,and processing,thereby enabling efficient information acquisition,diverse cooperative interactions,and intelligent fusion decision-making.Key technologies are discussed,with network cooperative multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)examined as a case study,demonstrating superior performance over traditional architectures,as demonstrated by numerical results.Future research directions are outlined,emphasizing the continued exploration and advancement of the CIS-RAN architecture,particularly in enhancing network cooperation.展开更多
This study analyzes the evolution of China's green technology innovation cooperation network from 2011 to 2020,utilizing green patent application data.Employing a Spatial Durbin Model(SDM),we scrutinized the netwo...This study analyzes the evolution of China's green technology innovation cooperation network from 2011 to 2020,utilizing green patent application data.Employing a Spatial Durbin Model(SDM),we scrutinized the network's influence on urban carbon emissions,utilizing panel data encompassing 323 city nodes.Results show network expansion and a shift in central nodes from eastern coastal areas to interior cities,with Beijing,Shenzhen,Nanjing,and Shanghai consistently acting as key innovation hubs.A core-periphery structure emerged,clustering cities into high-and low-cooperation clusters.Core cities,particularly Beijing,which gain informational advantages by bridging non-overlapping nodes and exhibit distinct characteristics in terms of the structural hole indexes,reflecting their multifaceted roles within the network.SDM analysis indicates that the green technology innovation cooperation network has a significant positive impact on urban carbon reduction efforts.Specifically,degree centrality,closeness centrality,effective size,efficiency,and hierarchy of node cities exhibit a negative correlation with carbon emissions,suggesting that higher centrality and efficiency within the network correlate with lower emissions.Conversely,betweenness centrality and constraint have a positive impact on emissions,indicating that cities that act as bridges in the network may paradoxically contribute to higher emissions.Moreover,the network's influence on carbon emissions is nuanced across different green technology sectors.Cooperation in areas such as waste management,alternative energy production,energy conservation,agriculture and forestry,and transportation is found to have a more substantial impact on carbon reduction than cooperation in nuclear power,and administrative,regulatory,and design fields.展开更多
In December 2025,the ASEAN Centre for Energy(ACE)convened the third ASEAN Power Grid Partnership Meeting,bringing partners together for consultations on key issues.After more than two decades of planning and explorati...In December 2025,the ASEAN Centre for Energy(ACE)convened the third ASEAN Power Grid Partnership Meeting,bringing partners together for consultations on key issues.After more than two decades of planning and exploration,the ASEAN Power Grid is now entering a new phase—shifting from predominantly bilateral,one-way connections toward a multilateral,multidirectional network.展开更多
Wireless communication-enabled Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control(CACC)is expected to improve the safety and traffic capacity of vehicle platoons.Existing CACC considers a conventional communication delay with fixed ...Wireless communication-enabled Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control(CACC)is expected to improve the safety and traffic capacity of vehicle platoons.Existing CACC considers a conventional communication delay with fixed Vehicular Communication Network(VCN)topologies.However,when the network is under attack,the communication delay may be much higher,and the stability of the system may not be guaranteed.This paper proposes a novel communication Delay Aware CACC with Dynamic Network Topologies(DADNT).The main idea is that for various communication delays,in order to maximize the traffic capacity while guaranteeing stability and minimizing the following error,the CACC should dynamically adjust the VCN network topology to achieve the minimum inter-vehicle spacing.To this end,a multi-objective optimization problem is formulated,and a 3-step Divide-And-Conquer sub-optimal solution(3DAC)is proposed.Simulation results show that with 3DAC,the proposed DADNT with CACC can reduce the inter-vehicle spacing by 5%,10%,and 14%,respectively,compared with the traditional CACC with fixed one-vehicle,two-vehicle,and three-vehicle look-ahead network topologies,thereby improving the traffic efficiency.展开更多
Prediction of the age of each individual is possible using the changing pattern of DNA methylation with age.In this paper an age prediction approach to work out multivariate regression problems using DNA methylation d...Prediction of the age of each individual is possible using the changing pattern of DNA methylation with age.In this paper an age prediction approach to work out multivariate regression problems using DNA methylation data is developed.In this research study a convolutional neural network(CNN)-based model optimised by the genetic algorithm(GA)is addressed.This paper contributes to enhancing age prediction as a regression problem using a union of two CNNs and exchanging knowledge be-tween them.This specifically re-starts the training process from a possibly higher-quality point in different iterations and,consequently,causes potentially yeilds better results at each iteration.The method proposed,which is called cooperative deep neural network(Co-DeepNet),is tested on two types of age prediction problems.Sixteen datasets containing 1899 healthy blood samples and nine datasets containing 2395 diseased blood samples are employed to examine the method's efficiency.As a result,the mean absolute deviation(MAD)is 1.49 and 3.61 years for training and testing data,respectively,when the healthy data is tested.The diseased blood data show MAD results of 3.81 and 5.43 years for training and testing data,respectively.The results of the Co-DeepNet are compared with six other methods proposed in previous studies and a single CNN using four prediction accuracy measurements(R^(2),MAD,MSE and RMSE).The effectiveness of the Co-DeepNet and superiority of its results is proved through the statistical analysis.展开更多
In wireless Energy Harvesting(EH)cooperative networks,we investigate the problem of secure energy-saving resource allocation for downlink physical layer security transmission.Initially,we establish a model for a multi...In wireless Energy Harvesting(EH)cooperative networks,we investigate the problem of secure energy-saving resource allocation for downlink physical layer security transmission.Initially,we establish a model for a multi-relay cooperative network incorporating wireless energy harvesting,spectrum sharing,and system power constraints,focusing on physical layersecurity transmission in the presence of eavesdropping nodes.In this model,the source node transmits signals while injecting Artificial Noise(AN)to mitigate eavesdropping risks,and an idle relay can act as a jamming node to assist in this process.Based on this model,we formulate an optimization problem for maximizing system secure harvesting energy efficiency,this problem integrates constraints on total power,bandwidth,and AN allocation.We proceed by conducting a mathematical analysis of the optimization problem,deriving optimal solutions for secure energy-saving resource allocation,this includes strategies for power allocation at the source and relay nodes,bandwidth allocation among relays,and power splitting for the energy harvesting node.Thus,we propose a secure resource allocation algorithm designed to maximize secure harvesting energy efficiency.Finally,we validate the correctness of the theoretical derivation through Monte Carlo simulations,discussing the impact of parameters such as legitimate channel gain,power splitting factor,and the number of relays on secure harvesting energy efficiency of the system.The simulation results show that the proposed secure energy-saving resource allocation algorithm effectively enhances the security performance of the system.展开更多
Dear Editor,This letter focuses on the distributed cooperative regulation problem for a class of networked re-entrant manufacturing systems(RMSs).The networked system is structured with a three-tier architecture:the p...Dear Editor,This letter focuses on the distributed cooperative regulation problem for a class of networked re-entrant manufacturing systems(RMSs).The networked system is structured with a three-tier architecture:the production line,the manufacturing layer and the workshop layer.The dynamics of re-entrant production lines are governed by hyperbolic partial differential equations(PDEs)based on the law of mass conservation.展开更多
In the RSSI-based positioning algorithm,regarding the problem of a great conflict between precision and cost,a low-power and low-cost synergic localization algorithm is proposed,where effective methods are adopted in ...In the RSSI-based positioning algorithm,regarding the problem of a great conflict between precision and cost,a low-power and low-cost synergic localization algorithm is proposed,where effective methods are adopted in each phase of the localization process and fully use the detective information in the network to improve the positioning precision and robustness.In the ranging period,the power attenuation factor is obtained through the wireless channel modeling,and the RSSI value is transformed into distance.In the positioning period,the preferred reference nodes are used to calculate coordinates.In the position optimization period,Taylor expansion and least-squared iterative update algorithms are used to further improve the location precision.In the positioning,the notion of cooperative localization is introduced,in which the located node satisfying certain demands will be upgraded to a reference node so that it can participate in the positioning of other nodes,and improve the coverage and positioning precision.The results show that on the same network conditions,the proposed algorithm in this paper is similar to the Taylor series expansion algorithm based on the actual coordinates,but much higher than the basic least square algorithm,and the positioning precision is improved rapidly with the reduce of the range error.展开更多
In order to improve network connectivity in clustered wireless sensor networks,a node cooperative algorithm based on virtual antenna arrays is proposed.All the nodes in the network are assumed to be clustered via Pois...In order to improve network connectivity in clustered wireless sensor networks,a node cooperative algorithm based on virtual antenna arrays is proposed.All the nodes in the network are assumed to be clustered via Poisson Voronoi tessellation（PVT）.The activation of the node cooperative algorithm is determined by the cluster heads（CHs） according to communication links.When the cooperative algorithm is activated,the CH selects cooperative nodes（CNs） from its members to form a virtual antenna array.With the cooperation,nodes can extend the inter-cluster communication range to directly contact with further nodes after a coverage hole is detected,or compensate for channel gains while inter-cluster transmission fails due to deep channel fading.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better network connectivity and energy efficiency.It can reduce outage probability,sustain network connectivity and maintain operations as long as possible,which prolongs network operation time.展开更多
Based on the introduction of the connotations and characteristics of tourism industrial eco-network,it has expatiated on the connotations of and approaches to enterprise coupling in tourism industrial eco-network.As t...Based on the introduction of the connotations and characteristics of tourism industrial eco-network,it has expatiated on the connotations of and approaches to enterprise coupling in tourism industrial eco-network.As there are different understandings and definitions of these connotations,the following four aspects must be achieved in order to realize coupling in the real sense for the enterprises in the network.① Establish the idea of "the whole is larger than the sum of all the parts",and construct interests community of tourism industrial eco-network.② Construct cooperation mechanism of joint struggle to transfer the advantages of the single to the advantages of the whole.③ Create and maintain strong service culture.④ Avoid as many service blunders as possible and construct damage warning mechanism in industrial eco-network.With the construction of the game model of tourism enterprise coupling and corresponding analysis,the results indicate that the mode of loose cooperation between enterprises in the tourism industry could hardly reach any forceful binding agreements.Consequently it is hard to realize the coordinated effects brought about by the cooperative game of tourism enterprise coupling and these enterprises would often come to a "prisoner dilemma" because of present tiny benefits.In the end,it suggests that during the process of competition tourism enterprises should also strengthen mutual cooperation as relying upon the platform of industrial eco-network.展开更多
With the development of wireless technologies,multifarious standards are currently used in the underground coal mine communication systems.In this paper,the coexistence of 802.15.4 based wireless senser networks （WSN...With the development of wireless technologies,multifarious standards are currently used in the underground coal mine communication systems.In this paper,the coexistence of 802.15.4 based wireless senser networks （WSNs） with other wireless networks using cognitive radio technique are discussed.Multiple sensor nodes are involved in the spectrum sensing to avoid the interference from other wireless users.The more the sensor nodes cooperate in the sensing,the better the detection performance can be obtained; however,more energy is consumed.How to get the tradeoff between energy efficiency and detection performance is a key problem.According to the requirements for detection,we first give the least required detection time of a single sensor node.Then,the voting fusion rule is adopted for the final decision making.Finally,the relationship between final detection performance and energy consumption is analyzed.展开更多
It is important to optimize the cooperative innovation network for the improvement of economic competence and innovative power. Based on the patent information services platform, we obtain invention patent data for th...It is important to optimize the cooperative innovation network for the improvement of economic competence and innovative power. Based on the patent information services platform, we obtain invention patent data for the electronic information industry in Liaoning from 1985 to 2015. This paper analyzes the cooperative innovation network structure, its spatiotemporal evolution and the triple helix relationship of government-industry-university(GIU) by using the social network analysis method and the triple helix theory as well as UCINet, ArcGIS and NetDraw. The empirical results show that: 1) the number of the subjects of the electronic information industry GIU cooperative innovation network in Liaoning demonstrates a gradual increase from 1985 to 2015, with the same trend in concentration. In terms of its subject and its centrality, the universities have a higher position, and the industries have a lower position,while the status of the government is still unclear. 2) The cooperative innovation network presents a core-periphery structure, and the polarization effect of innovation subjects tends to be obvious. There is certain distance-decay regularity in the cooperative innovation network, and a strong geographical proximity to cooperative innovation. 3) The compactness shows a downward trend as a whole. In terms of the extent of participation, the industries are better than the government but worse than the universities. This means that the cooperative innovation network of GIU in the electronic information industry in Liaoning is in the initial stage of formation.展开更多
In order to improve the energy efficiency(EE)in cognitive radio(CR),this paper investigates the joint design of cooperative spectrum sensing time and the power control optimization problem for the secondary user syste...In order to improve the energy efficiency(EE)in cognitive radio(CR),this paper investigates the joint design of cooperative spectrum sensing time and the power control optimization problem for the secondary user systems to achieve the maximum energy efficiency in a cognitive network based on hybrid spectrum sharing,meanwhile considering the maximum transmit power,user quality of service(QoS)requirements,interference limitations,and primary user protection.The optimization of energy efficient sensing time and power allocation is formulated as a non-convex optimization problem.The Dinkelbach’s method is adopted to solve this problem and to transform the non-convex optimization problem in fractional form into an equivalent optimization problem in the form of subtraction.Then,an iterative power allocation algorithm is proposed to solve the optimization problem.The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms for energy-efficient resource allocation in the cognitive network.展开更多
Cloud manufacturing is a specific implementation form of the "Internet + manufacturing" strategy. Why and how to develop cloud manufacturing platform(CMP), however, remains the key concern of both platform o...Cloud manufacturing is a specific implementation form of the "Internet + manufacturing" strategy. Why and how to develop cloud manufacturing platform(CMP), however, remains the key concern of both platform operators and users. A microscopic model is proposed to investigate advantages and diffusion forces of CMP through exploration of its diffusion process and mechanism. Specifically, a three-stage basic evolution process of CMP is innovatively proposed. Then, based on this basic process, a more complex CMP evolution model has been established in virtue of complex network theory, with five diffusion forces identified. Thereafter, simulations on CMP diffusion have been conducted. The results indicate that, CMP possesses better resource utilization,user satisfaction, and enterprise utility. Results of simulation on impacts of different diffusion forces show that both the time required for CMP to reach an equilibrium state and the final network size are affected simultaneously by the five diffusion forces. All these analyses indicate that CMP could create an open online cooperation environment and turns out to be an effective implementation of the "Internet + manufacturing" strategy.展开更多
To integrate the satellite communications with the LTE/5G services, the concept of Hybrid Satellite Terrestrial Relay Networks(HSTRNs) has been proposed. In this paper, we investigate the secure transmission in a HSTR...To integrate the satellite communications with the LTE/5G services, the concept of Hybrid Satellite Terrestrial Relay Networks(HSTRNs) has been proposed. In this paper, we investigate the secure transmission in a HSTRN where the eavesdropper can wiretap the transmitted messages from both the satellite and the intermediate relays. To effectively protect the message from wiretapping in these two phases, we consider cooperative jamming by the relays, where the jamming signals are optimized to maximize the secrecy rate under the total power constraint of relays. In the first phase, the Maximal Ratio Transmission(MRT) scheme is used to maximize the secrecy rate, while in the second phase, by interpolating between the sub-optimal MRT scheme and the null-space projection scheme, the optimal scheme can be obtained via an efficient one-dimensional searching method. Simulation results show that when the number of cooperative relays is small, the performance of the optimal scheme significantly outperforms that of MRT and null-space projection scheme. When the number of relays increases, the performance of the null-space projection approaches that of the optimal one.展开更多
In this paper, we first overview some traditional relaying technologies, and then present a Network Coding-Aware Cooperative Relaying （NC2R） scheme to improve the performance of downlink transmission for relayaided ...In this paper, we first overview some traditional relaying technologies, and then present a Network Coding-Aware Cooperative Relaying （NC2R） scheme to improve the performance of downlink transmission for relayaided cellular networks. Moreover, systematic performance analysis and extensive simulations are performed for the proposed NC2R and traditional relaying and non-relaying schemes. The results show that NCR outperforms conventional relaying and non-relaying schemes in terms of blocking probability and spectral efficiency, especially for cell-edge users. Additionally, the location selections for relays with NCR are also discussed. These results will provide some insights for incorporating network coding into next-generation broadband cellular relay mobile systems.展开更多
Under the special background of China, the cooperative innovation between different government-industry-university-research institutes plays an increasingly important role in the agricultural field. However, the exist...Under the special background of China, the cooperative innovation between different government-industry-university-research institutes plays an increasingly important role in the agricultural field. However, the existing literature has paid little attention to it. Considering the cooperation patents, published in the agriculture field stemming from the Full-text Database of China Patents as the study object, the spatial and institutional attribute of the authors as the data source, and by combining the social network and spatial econometrics analysis, this paper analyzes the structure evolution characteristics of cooperative innovation networks of agricultural government-industry-university-research institute in the city level of China in 1985–2014, based on the triple helix theory, with the influence factors discussed. This shows that, 1) since 1985, China's agricultural innovation level has been substantially increased, but the development degree of the cooperative innovation network is low, and the patent cooperation mainly relies on authors in the same unit; 2) enterprises play a leading role in the agricultural cooperative innovation. The effect of the government and hybrid organizations driven by the government is not obvious; 3) the cooperative innovation in the province and city dominates, and a multi-pole pattern has been formed. The cooperative innovation network structure evolves from a single helix empty core and double helix multi core to a double helix hierarchical network; 4) the city's science, education funding and personnel investment are key factors determining the agricultural cooperative innovation, while the agricultural development of the city presents slight negative impacts on it. The spatial mismatch of supply and demand is present in the technical cooperative innovation of China's agriculture. Therefore, the science enhancement and education investment to big agricultural provinces should be promptly implemented.展开更多
In this paper, we propose cooperative relay networks with non-orthogonal multiple access in order to design a near-optimal power allocation strategy. Like other next generation wireless technologies, spatially multipl...In this paper, we propose cooperative relay networks with non-orthogonal multiple access in order to design a near-optimal power allocation strategy. Like other next generation wireless technologies, spatially multiplexed transmissions are achieved by relay nodes which enables decode-and-forward relaying of a new superposition code after reception from the source. It is worth noting that, since it is hard to exactly prove the proposed PA scheme, due the fact that it is one kind of the approximate conjectures. Therefore, mathematical and numerical methods have been used to clarify the feasibility of the proposal. Numerical results indicate that it is able to asymptotically achieve the optimal sum rate at the higher signal-to-noise ratio region with the proposed strategy applied instead of negligible performance loss.展开更多
In this paper, a relay selection strategy and distributed power control algorithm are proposed for the underlay spectrum sharing mode based cooperative cognitive ad hoc network with energy-limited users. The study aim...In this paper, a relay selection strategy and distributed power control algorithm are proposed for the underlay spectrum sharing mode based cooperative cognitive ad hoc network with energy-limited users. The study aims to minimize the total power consumption of cooperative cognitive ad hoc network while ensuring the quality of service(QoS) requirement of cognitive user and keeping the interference to primary user below interference tolerance. The power control problem is transformed into a convex optimization problem. Based on Lagrange dual decomposition theory, a gradient iterative algorithm is constructed to search for the optimal solution and complete distributed power optimization. Simulation results show that the algorithm converges fast and reduces transmit power of cognitive users effectively while guaranteeing the QoS requirement.展开更多
In cognitive radio networks(CRNs), through recruiting secondary user(SU) as friendly jammer, the secrecy rate obtained by primary user(PU) can be improved. Previous work only considered a simple scenario with a single...In cognitive radio networks(CRNs), through recruiting secondary user(SU) as friendly jammer, the secrecy rate obtained by primary user(PU) can be improved. Previous work only considered a simple scenario with a single PU in their frameworks. In this paper, we will consider a more complicated scenario with multiple PUs and try to investigate the cooperative jamming between multiple PUs and a single SU. When there are multiple PUs in CRN, in order to obtain more spectrum for data transmission, SU will cooperate with multiple PUs at the same time. Considering that both PU and SU are rational and selfish individuals, the interaction between PUs and SU is formulated as a multi-leaders and single-follower Stackelberg game, wherein PU is the leader and SU is the follower. And the Stackelberg Equilibrium(SE) is considered as the final decisions accepted by all PUs and SU. Furthermore, we also prove that when a specific condition is satisfied, the existence of SE can be guaranteed. And a Gauss-Jacobi iterative algorithm is proposed to compute a SE. Finally, simulation results are given to verify the performance and demonstrate that both of the PUs' secrecy rate and the SU's transmission rate can be improved through cooperation.展开更多
基金National Key R&D Program of China under Grant 2022YFB2902001。
文摘Future mobile networks in the sixth generation(6G)are poised for a paradigm shift from conventional communication services toward comprehensive information services,driving the evolution of radio access network(RAN)architectures toward enhanced cooperation,intelligence,and service orientation.Building upon the concept of centralized,collaborative,cloud,and clean RAN(C-RAN),this article proposes a novel cooperative,intelligent,and service-based RAN(CIS-RAN)architecture.Focusing on cooperation,CIS-RAN extends the traditional cooperative communication paradigm by further integrating cooperative sensing and cooperative artificial intelligence(AI).To improve both performance and effectiveness across diverse application scenarios,CIS-RAN enhances network cooperation throughout the entire process of acquisition,transmission,and processing,thereby enabling efficient information acquisition,diverse cooperative interactions,and intelligent fusion decision-making.Key technologies are discussed,with network cooperative multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)examined as a case study,demonstrating superior performance over traditional architectures,as demonstrated by numerical results.Future research directions are outlined,emphasizing the continued exploration and advancement of the CIS-RAN architecture,particularly in enhancing network cooperation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72573020,72103022).
文摘This study analyzes the evolution of China's green technology innovation cooperation network from 2011 to 2020,utilizing green patent application data.Employing a Spatial Durbin Model(SDM),we scrutinized the network's influence on urban carbon emissions,utilizing panel data encompassing 323 city nodes.Results show network expansion and a shift in central nodes from eastern coastal areas to interior cities,with Beijing,Shenzhen,Nanjing,and Shanghai consistently acting as key innovation hubs.A core-periphery structure emerged,clustering cities into high-and low-cooperation clusters.Core cities,particularly Beijing,which gain informational advantages by bridging non-overlapping nodes and exhibit distinct characteristics in terms of the structural hole indexes,reflecting their multifaceted roles within the network.SDM analysis indicates that the green technology innovation cooperation network has a significant positive impact on urban carbon reduction efforts.Specifically,degree centrality,closeness centrality,effective size,efficiency,and hierarchy of node cities exhibit a negative correlation with carbon emissions,suggesting that higher centrality and efficiency within the network correlate with lower emissions.Conversely,betweenness centrality and constraint have a positive impact on emissions,indicating that cities that act as bridges in the network may paradoxically contribute to higher emissions.Moreover,the network's influence on carbon emissions is nuanced across different green technology sectors.Cooperation in areas such as waste management,alternative energy production,energy conservation,agriculture and forestry,and transportation is found to have a more substantial impact on carbon reduction than cooperation in nuclear power,and administrative,regulatory,and design fields.
文摘In December 2025,the ASEAN Centre for Energy(ACE)convened the third ASEAN Power Grid Partnership Meeting,bringing partners together for consultations on key issues.After more than two decades of planning and exploration,the ASEAN Power Grid is now entering a new phase—shifting from predominantly bilateral,one-way connections toward a multilateral,multidirectional network.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant U21A20449in part by Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program under Grant BE2021013-2。
文摘Wireless communication-enabled Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control(CACC)is expected to improve the safety and traffic capacity of vehicle platoons.Existing CACC considers a conventional communication delay with fixed Vehicular Communication Network(VCN)topologies.However,when the network is under attack,the communication delay may be much higher,and the stability of the system may not be guaranteed.This paper proposes a novel communication Delay Aware CACC with Dynamic Network Topologies(DADNT).The main idea is that for various communication delays,in order to maximize the traffic capacity while guaranteeing stability and minimizing the following error,the CACC should dynamically adjust the VCN network topology to achieve the minimum inter-vehicle spacing.To this end,a multi-objective optimization problem is formulated,and a 3-step Divide-And-Conquer sub-optimal solution(3DAC)is proposed.Simulation results show that with 3DAC,the proposed DADNT with CACC can reduce the inter-vehicle spacing by 5%,10%,and 14%,respectively,compared with the traditional CACC with fixed one-vehicle,two-vehicle,and three-vehicle look-ahead network topologies,thereby improving the traffic efficiency.
基金supported by the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia(DIP-2016-024).
文摘Prediction of the age of each individual is possible using the changing pattern of DNA methylation with age.In this paper an age prediction approach to work out multivariate regression problems using DNA methylation data is developed.In this research study a convolutional neural network(CNN)-based model optimised by the genetic algorithm(GA)is addressed.This paper contributes to enhancing age prediction as a regression problem using a union of two CNNs and exchanging knowledge be-tween them.This specifically re-starts the training process from a possibly higher-quality point in different iterations and,consequently,causes potentially yeilds better results at each iteration.The method proposed,which is called cooperative deep neural network(Co-DeepNet),is tested on two types of age prediction problems.Sixteen datasets containing 1899 healthy blood samples and nine datasets containing 2395 diseased blood samples are employed to examine the method's efficiency.As a result,the mean absolute deviation(MAD)is 1.49 and 3.61 years for training and testing data,respectively,when the healthy data is tested.The diseased blood data show MAD results of 3.81 and 5.43 years for training and testing data,respectively.The results of the Co-DeepNet are compared with six other methods proposed in previous studies and a single CNN using four prediction accuracy measurements(R^(2),MAD,MSE and RMSE).The effectiveness of the Co-DeepNet and superiority of its results is proved through the statistical analysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)[grant numbers 62171188]the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Human Digital Twin[Grant 2022B1212010004].
文摘In wireless Energy Harvesting(EH)cooperative networks,we investigate the problem of secure energy-saving resource allocation for downlink physical layer security transmission.Initially,we establish a model for a multi-relay cooperative network incorporating wireless energy harvesting,spectrum sharing,and system power constraints,focusing on physical layersecurity transmission in the presence of eavesdropping nodes.In this model,the source node transmits signals while injecting Artificial Noise(AN)to mitigate eavesdropping risks,and an idle relay can act as a jamming node to assist in this process.Based on this model,we formulate an optimization problem for maximizing system secure harvesting energy efficiency,this problem integrates constraints on total power,bandwidth,and AN allocation.We proceed by conducting a mathematical analysis of the optimization problem,deriving optimal solutions for secure energy-saving resource allocation,this includes strategies for power allocation at the source and relay nodes,bandwidth allocation among relays,and power splitting for the energy harvesting node.Thus,we propose a secure resource allocation algorithm designed to maximize secure harvesting energy efficiency.Finally,we validate the correctness of the theoretical derivation through Monte Carlo simulations,discussing the impact of parameters such as legitimate channel gain,power splitting factor,and the number of relays on secure harvesting energy efficiency of the system.The simulation results show that the proposed secure energy-saving resource allocation algorithm effectively enhances the security performance of the system.
文摘Dear Editor,This letter focuses on the distributed cooperative regulation problem for a class of networked re-entrant manufacturing systems(RMSs).The networked system is structured with a three-tier architecture:the production line,the manufacturing layer and the workshop layer.The dynamics of re-entrant production lines are governed by hyperbolic partial differential equations(PDEs)based on the law of mass conservation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,grant number 62205120,funded this research.
文摘In the RSSI-based positioning algorithm,regarding the problem of a great conflict between precision and cost,a low-power and low-cost synergic localization algorithm is proposed,where effective methods are adopted in each phase of the localization process and fully use the detective information in the network to improve the positioning precision and robustness.In the ranging period,the power attenuation factor is obtained through the wireless channel modeling,and the RSSI value is transformed into distance.In the positioning period,the preferred reference nodes are used to calculate coordinates.In the position optimization period,Taylor expansion and least-squared iterative update algorithms are used to further improve the location precision.In the positioning,the notion of cooperative localization is introduced,in which the located node satisfying certain demands will be upgraded to a reference node so that it can participate in the positioning of other nodes,and improve the coverage and positioning precision.The results show that on the same network conditions,the proposed algorithm in this paper is similar to the Taylor series expansion algorithm based on the actual coordinates,but much higher than the basic least square algorithm,and the positioning precision is improved rapidly with the reduce of the range error.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China ( No.60872004, 60972026)the Important National Science and Technology Specific Projects (No. 2010ZX03006-002-01)the Research Fund of the National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory of Southeast University (No.2010A08)
文摘In order to improve network connectivity in clustered wireless sensor networks,a node cooperative algorithm based on virtual antenna arrays is proposed.All the nodes in the network are assumed to be clustered via Poisson Voronoi tessellation（PVT）.The activation of the node cooperative algorithm is determined by the cluster heads（CHs） according to communication links.When the cooperative algorithm is activated,the CH selects cooperative nodes（CNs） from its members to form a virtual antenna array.With the cooperation,nodes can extend the inter-cluster communication range to directly contact with further nodes after a coverage hole is detected,or compensate for channel gains while inter-cluster transmission fails due to deep channel fading.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better network connectivity and energy efficiency.It can reduce outage probability,sustain network connectivity and maintain operations as long as possible,which prolongs network operation time.
基金Supported by Sichuan Circular Economy Research Centre of Sichuan Province Key Research Base of Philosophy and Social Science in2008(XHJJ-0808)~~
文摘Based on the introduction of the connotations and characteristics of tourism industrial eco-network,it has expatiated on the connotations of and approaches to enterprise coupling in tourism industrial eco-network.As there are different understandings and definitions of these connotations,the following four aspects must be achieved in order to realize coupling in the real sense for the enterprises in the network.① Establish the idea of "the whole is larger than the sum of all the parts",and construct interests community of tourism industrial eco-network.② Construct cooperation mechanism of joint struggle to transfer the advantages of the single to the advantages of the whole.③ Create and maintain strong service culture.④ Avoid as many service blunders as possible and construct damage warning mechanism in industrial eco-network.With the construction of the game model of tourism enterprise coupling and corresponding analysis,the results indicate that the mode of loose cooperation between enterprises in the tourism industry could hardly reach any forceful binding agreements.Consequently it is hard to realize the coordinated effects brought about by the cooperative game of tourism enterprise coupling and these enterprises would often come to a "prisoner dilemma" because of present tiny benefits.In the end,it suggests that during the process of competition tourism enterprises should also strengthen mutual cooperation as relying upon the platform of industrial eco-network.
基金Special Funds for Postdoctoral Innovative Projects of Shandong Province(No.201103099)
文摘With the development of wireless technologies,multifarious standards are currently used in the underground coal mine communication systems.In this paper,the coexistence of 802.15.4 based wireless senser networks （WSNs） with other wireless networks using cognitive radio technique are discussed.Multiple sensor nodes are involved in the spectrum sensing to avoid the interference from other wireless users.The more the sensor nodes cooperate in the sensing,the better the detection performance can be obtained; however,more energy is consumed.How to get the tradeoff between energy efficiency and detection performance is a key problem.According to the requirements for detection,we first give the least required detection time of a single sensor node.Then,the voting fusion rule is adopted for the final decision making.Finally,the relationship between final detection performance and energy consumption is analyzed.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41601114)Humanities and Social Science Foundation of Ministry of Education(No.16YJC790080)+1 种基金Social Science Fund of Liaoning Province(No.L17CJL001)Education Project of Liaoning Provincial Department(No.JZ201783606)
文摘It is important to optimize the cooperative innovation network for the improvement of economic competence and innovative power. Based on the patent information services platform, we obtain invention patent data for the electronic information industry in Liaoning from 1985 to 2015. This paper analyzes the cooperative innovation network structure, its spatiotemporal evolution and the triple helix relationship of government-industry-university(GIU) by using the social network analysis method and the triple helix theory as well as UCINet, ArcGIS and NetDraw. The empirical results show that: 1) the number of the subjects of the electronic information industry GIU cooperative innovation network in Liaoning demonstrates a gradual increase from 1985 to 2015, with the same trend in concentration. In terms of its subject and its centrality, the universities have a higher position, and the industries have a lower position,while the status of the government is still unclear. 2) The cooperative innovation network presents a core-periphery structure, and the polarization effect of innovation subjects tends to be obvious. There is certain distance-decay regularity in the cooperative innovation network, and a strong geographical proximity to cooperative innovation. 3) The compactness shows a downward trend as a whole. In terms of the extent of participation, the industries are better than the government but worse than the universities. This means that the cooperative innovation network of GIU in the electronic information industry in Liaoning is in the initial stage of formation.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Young Scholars under Grant No.61701167Young Elite Backbone Teachers in Blue and Blue Project of Jiangsu Province, China
文摘In order to improve the energy efficiency(EE)in cognitive radio(CR),this paper investigates the joint design of cooperative spectrum sensing time and the power control optimization problem for the secondary user systems to achieve the maximum energy efficiency in a cognitive network based on hybrid spectrum sharing,meanwhile considering the maximum transmit power,user quality of service(QoS)requirements,interference limitations,and primary user protection.The optimization of energy efficient sensing time and power allocation is formulated as a non-convex optimization problem.The Dinkelbach’s method is adopted to solve this problem and to transform the non-convex optimization problem in fractional form into an equivalent optimization problem in the form of subtraction.Then,an iterative power allocation algorithm is proposed to solve the optimization problem.The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms for energy-efficient resource allocation in the cognitive network.
基金supported by the National High-Tech R&D Program,China(2015AA042101)
文摘Cloud manufacturing is a specific implementation form of the "Internet + manufacturing" strategy. Why and how to develop cloud manufacturing platform(CMP), however, remains the key concern of both platform operators and users. A microscopic model is proposed to investigate advantages and diffusion forces of CMP through exploration of its diffusion process and mechanism. Specifically, a three-stage basic evolution process of CMP is innovatively proposed. Then, based on this basic process, a more complex CMP evolution model has been established in virtue of complex network theory, with five diffusion forces identified. Thereafter, simulations on CMP diffusion have been conducted. The results indicate that, CMP possesses better resource utilization,user satisfaction, and enterprise utility. Results of simulation on impacts of different diffusion forces show that both the time required for CMP to reach an equilibrium state and the final network size are affected simultaneously by the five diffusion forces. All these analyses indicate that CMP could create an open online cooperation environment and turns out to be an effective implementation of the "Internet + manufacturing" strategy.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61871032in part by Chinese Ministry of Education-China Mobile Communication Corporation Research Fund under Grant MCM20170101in part by the Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Cognitive Radio and Information Processing,Ministry of Education (Guilin University of Electronic Technology) under Grant CRKL190204
文摘To integrate the satellite communications with the LTE/5G services, the concept of Hybrid Satellite Terrestrial Relay Networks(HSTRNs) has been proposed. In this paper, we investigate the secure transmission in a HSTRN where the eavesdropper can wiretap the transmitted messages from both the satellite and the intermediate relays. To effectively protect the message from wiretapping in these two phases, we consider cooperative jamming by the relays, where the jamming signals are optimized to maximize the secrecy rate under the total power constraint of relays. In the first phase, the Maximal Ratio Transmission(MRT) scheme is used to maximize the secrecy rate, while in the second phase, by interpolating between the sub-optimal MRT scheme and the null-space projection scheme, the optimal scheme can be obtained via an efficient one-dimensional searching method. Simulation results show that when the number of cooperative relays is small, the performance of the optimal scheme significantly outperforms that of MRT and null-space projection scheme. When the number of relays increases, the performance of the null-space projection approaches that of the optimal one.
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety,Beijing Jiaotong University under Grant No.RCS2012ZT008the National Key Basic Research Program of China(973Program)under Grant No.2012CB316100(2)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grants No.61201203,No.61171064the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.2012JBM030
文摘In this paper, we first overview some traditional relaying technologies, and then present a Network Coding-Aware Cooperative Relaying （NC2R） scheme to improve the performance of downlink transmission for relayaided cellular networks. Moreover, systematic performance analysis and extensive simulations are performed for the proposed NC2R and traditional relaying and non-relaying schemes. The results show that NCR outperforms conventional relaying and non-relaying schemes in terms of blocking probability and spectral efficiency, especially for cell-edge users. Additionally, the location selections for relays with NCR are also discussed. These results will provide some insights for incorporating network coding into next-generation broadband cellular relay mobile systems.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41471105,41430637,41701197)Program for Innovative Research Team(in Science and Technology)in University of Henan Province(No.16IRTSTHN012)+1 种基金Key Project of the Humanities and Social Sciences Research Base in Ministry of Education(No.15JJDZONGHE008)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2013M531667,2014T70672)
文摘Under the special background of China, the cooperative innovation between different government-industry-university-research institutes plays an increasingly important role in the agricultural field. However, the existing literature has paid little attention to it. Considering the cooperation patents, published in the agriculture field stemming from the Full-text Database of China Patents as the study object, the spatial and institutional attribute of the authors as the data source, and by combining the social network and spatial econometrics analysis, this paper analyzes the structure evolution characteristics of cooperative innovation networks of agricultural government-industry-university-research institute in the city level of China in 1985–2014, based on the triple helix theory, with the influence factors discussed. This shows that, 1) since 1985, China's agricultural innovation level has been substantially increased, but the development degree of the cooperative innovation network is low, and the patent cooperation mainly relies on authors in the same unit; 2) enterprises play a leading role in the agricultural cooperative innovation. The effect of the government and hybrid organizations driven by the government is not obvious; 3) the cooperative innovation in the province and city dominates, and a multi-pole pattern has been formed. The cooperative innovation network structure evolves from a single helix empty core and double helix multi core to a double helix hierarchical network; 4) the city's science, education funding and personnel investment are key factors determining the agricultural cooperative innovation, while the agricultural development of the city presents slight negative impacts on it. The spatial mismatch of supply and demand is present in the technical cooperative innovation of China's agriculture. Therefore, the science enhancement and education investment to big agricultural provinces should be promptly implemented.
基金partly supported by the research funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 61371113, 61401241)the research funds of Chonbuk National University in 2017BK-21 of Korea and the Nantong University-Nantong Joint Research Center for Intelligent Information Technology (KFKT2016B04)
文摘In this paper, we propose cooperative relay networks with non-orthogonal multiple access in order to design a near-optimal power allocation strategy. Like other next generation wireless technologies, spatially multiplexed transmissions are achieved by relay nodes which enables decode-and-forward relaying of a new superposition code after reception from the source. It is worth noting that, since it is hard to exactly prove the proposed PA scheme, due the fact that it is one kind of the approximate conjectures. Therefore, mathematical and numerical methods have been used to clarify the feasibility of the proposal. Numerical results indicate that it is able to asymptotically achieve the optimal sum rate at the higher signal-to-noise ratio region with the proposed strategy applied instead of negligible performance loss.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation ofChongqing(No.CSTC2009BA2064)Fundamental Research Fundsfor Central Universities(No.CDJZR12160004)PostgraduateScience and Technology Innovation Fund(No.CDJXS12161109)
文摘In this paper, a relay selection strategy and distributed power control algorithm are proposed for the underlay spectrum sharing mode based cooperative cognitive ad hoc network with energy-limited users. The study aims to minimize the total power consumption of cooperative cognitive ad hoc network while ensuring the quality of service(QoS) requirement of cognitive user and keeping the interference to primary user below interference tolerance. The power control problem is transformed into a convex optimization problem. Based on Lagrange dual decomposition theory, a gradient iterative algorithm is constructed to search for the optimal solution and complete distributed power optimization. Simulation results show that the algorithm converges fast and reduces transmit power of cognitive users effectively while guaranteeing the QoS requirement.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2016QY01W0204in part by Key Industrial Innovation Chain in Industrial Domain under Grant 2016KTZDGY-02in part by National High-Level TalentsSpecial Support Program of China under Grant CS31117200001
文摘In cognitive radio networks(CRNs), through recruiting secondary user(SU) as friendly jammer, the secrecy rate obtained by primary user(PU) can be improved. Previous work only considered a simple scenario with a single PU in their frameworks. In this paper, we will consider a more complicated scenario with multiple PUs and try to investigate the cooperative jamming between multiple PUs and a single SU. When there are multiple PUs in CRN, in order to obtain more spectrum for data transmission, SU will cooperate with multiple PUs at the same time. Considering that both PU and SU are rational and selfish individuals, the interaction between PUs and SU is formulated as a multi-leaders and single-follower Stackelberg game, wherein PU is the leader and SU is the follower. And the Stackelberg Equilibrium(SE) is considered as the final decisions accepted by all PUs and SU. Furthermore, we also prove that when a specific condition is satisfied, the existence of SE can be guaranteed. And a Gauss-Jacobi iterative algorithm is proposed to compute a SE. Finally, simulation results are given to verify the performance and demonstrate that both of the PUs' secrecy rate and the SU's transmission rate can be improved through cooperation.
