Biomass energy is an important constituent of the world＇s future sustainable energy source system, but current biomass energy conversion techniques have low efficiency and cause secondary pollution to environment eas...Biomass energy is an important constituent of the world＇s future sustainable energy source system, but current biomass energy conversion techniques have low efficiency and cause secondary pollution to environment easily. Bio-eleetrochemical system （BES） appeared in recent years could realize the clean efficient con- version of biomass energy, and has become a research hotspot in the biomass energy field. In this study, the research and application of BES in biomass energy con- version were overviewed, and the existing problems were analyzed.展开更多
Excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide have led to global climate change,which poses one of the greatest threats to human survival in the 21st century.The urgent need to achieve carbon neutrali...Excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide have led to global climate change,which poses one of the greatest threats to human survival in the 21st century.The urgent need to achieve carbon neutrality to mitigate climatic issues has stimulated the rapid development of advanced materials and technologies for clean energy conversion and efficient storage.In recent years,a series of remarkable advances have emerged,revealing innovative materials and strategies that significantly accelerate the transition toward sus-tainable energy solutions.In this context,this special issue presents ten high-quality contributions,including seven comprehensive reviews and three original research articles[1-10],focusing on the latest ad-vances and frontier research in advanced materials and technologies toward carbon neutrality.Collectively,these works highlight the latest progress in catalytic energy conversion,photovoltaic technologies,and electrochemical energy storage,providing valuable insights to guide future efforts in the design of carbon-neutral materials and sustainable energy systems.展开更多
Photocatalysts show broad application potential in clean energy conversion by utilizing solar energy for chemical transformations[1–3].However,single-component photocatalysts are severely limited in practical applica...Photocatalysts show broad application potential in clean energy conversion by utilizing solar energy for chemical transformations[1–3].However,single-component photocatalysts are severely limited in practical applications due to narrow light absorption ranges and high recombination rates of photogenerated carriers[4].S-scheme heterojunctions preserve optimal redox potentials,offering broad application prospects in solar energy conversion and environmental remediation[5,6].Since photocatalytic reactions occur predominantly at the material interface,a spatially resolved investigation of charge transfer is essential for understanding carrier dynamics at the nanoscale[7].In this context,the highlighted study employs Kelvin probe force microscopy(KPFM)to elucidate the real-space charge-transfer mechanisms in CdS/BiOBr S-scheme heterojunctions,providing direct and quantitative insight into interfacial charge behavior[8].展开更多
To utilize low rank coal efficiently,a fluidized bed two-stage(FBTS)gasification process,mainly consisting of a FB pyrolyzer and a transport FB(TFB)gasifier,has been proposed for the production of clean fuel gas.To v...To utilize low rank coal efficiently,a fluidized bed two-stage(FBTS)gasification process,mainly consisting of a FB pyrolyzer and a transport FB(TFB)gasifier,has been proposed for the production of clean fuel gas.To verify the feasibility and technical features of this novel gasification technology,a pilot autothermal platform,with a treating capacity of 100 kg/h for coal,was designed and built up.By adopting a kind of lignite from Inner Mongolia,the running state and fuel gas quality were compared systematically under typical operational conditions.The results show that by keeping the reaction temperatures of pyrolyzer and gasifier at around 840C and 1000C,respectively,the corresponding tar content in fuel gas at the outlets of pyrolyzer and gasifier were 1127 mg/Nm3 and 365 mg/Nm3,reaching a high tar removal efficiency.Under the stable operation state,the volume fractions of CO,H2,CH4 and CO2 in fuel gas were 14.4%,8.3%,3.4%and 11.3%,respectively,and the corresponding higher heating value of fuel gas was about 1100 kcal/Nm3.Compared with the tar from pyrolyzer,the heavy oil fraction in tar from gasifier reduced significantly,while the light oil components increased sharply simultaneously,showing significant effect of catalytic reforming by hot char bed on tar removal.展开更多
The escalating global energy crisis,coupled with growing environmental concerns,has necessitated urgent advances in clean and efficient energy conversion technologies.Among the emerging approaches,electrocatalytic wat...The escalating global energy crisis,coupled with growing environmental concerns,has necessitated urgent advances in clean and efficient energy conversion technologies.Among the emerging approaches,electrocatalytic water splitting has garnered substantial interest as a carbonneutral strategy for hydrogen production,positioning hydrogen as a potential replacement for non-renewable fossil fuels[1].This process primarily involves two coupled half-reactions:the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).In particular,the OER at the anode is hindered by intrinsically slow kinetics due to multi-electron transfer steps,electron-proton coupling,and adsorption/desorption processes.As a result,highly efficient electrocatalysts are required to reduce the overpotential.In this context,deciphering the actual catalytic sites and concomitant evolution of their electronic structure during OER under operando conditions have become a critical imperative.Such mechanistic insights establish structureproperty correlations that underpin the rational engineering of high-performance electrocatalysts.展开更多
Lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite(LSCF)is an appreciable cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs),and it has been widely investigated,owing to its excellent thermal and chemical stability.However,its poor o...Lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite(LSCF)is an appreciable cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs),and it has been widely investigated,owing to its excellent thermal and chemical stability.However,its poor oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity,particularly at a temperature of≤800℃,causes setbacks in achieving a peak power density of>1.0 W·cm^(-2),limiting its application in the commercialization of SOFCs.To improve the ORR of LSCF,doping strategies have been found useful.Herein,the porous tantalum-doped LSCF materials(La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.4)Fe_(0.5)7Ta_(0.03)O_(3)(LSCFT-0),La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.4)Fe_(0.5)4Ta0.06O_(3),and La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.4)Fe_(0.5)Ta0.1O_(3))are prepared via camphor-assisted solid-state reaction(CSSR).The LSCFT-0 material exhibits promising ORR with area-specific resistance(ASR)of 1.260,_(0.5)80,0.260,0.100,and 0.06Ω·cm^(2)at 600,650,700,750,and 800℃,respectively.The performance is about 2 times higher than that of undoped La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.4)Fe_(0.6)O_(3)with the ASR of 2.515,1.191,_(0.5)96,0.320,and 0.181Ω·cm^(2)from the lowest to the highest temperature.Through material characterization,it was found that the incorporated Ta occupied the B-site of the material,leading to the enhancement of the ORR activity.With the use of LSCFT-0 as the cathode material for anode-supported single-cell,the power density of>1.0 W·cm^(-2)was obtained at a temperature<800℃.The results indicate that the CSSR-derived LSCFT is a promising cathode material for SOFCs.展开更多
Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts with high efficiency and durability are urgently needed for energy conversion and storage of clean energy.Herein,we report the finding in the development of a hexagonal B...Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts with high efficiency and durability are urgently needed for energy conversion and storage of clean energy.Herein,we report the finding in the development of a hexagonal Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3−δ)(BSCF-H)perovskite as an OER electrocatalyst.Prepared by a sol–gel method,the BSCF-H perovskite displays excellent OER efficiency and stability in a harsh alkaline solution.展开更多
基金Supported by a Project of Shandong Higher Educational Science and Technology Program(J16LD03)Doctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Binzhou University(2014Y17)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2014EEP009)Shandong Key Research and Development Plan(2015GNC111018,2016GSF117021)
文摘Biomass energy is an important constituent of the world＇s future sustainable energy source system, but current biomass energy conversion techniques have low efficiency and cause secondary pollution to environment easily. Bio-eleetrochemical system （BES） appeared in recent years could realize the clean efficient con- version of biomass energy, and has become a research hotspot in the biomass energy field. In this study, the research and application of BES in biomass energy con- version were overviewed, and the existing problems were analyzed.
文摘Excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide have led to global climate change,which poses one of the greatest threats to human survival in the 21st century.The urgent need to achieve carbon neutrality to mitigate climatic issues has stimulated the rapid development of advanced materials and technologies for clean energy conversion and efficient storage.In recent years,a series of remarkable advances have emerged,revealing innovative materials and strategies that significantly accelerate the transition toward sus-tainable energy solutions.In this context,this special issue presents ten high-quality contributions,including seven comprehensive reviews and three original research articles[1-10],focusing on the latest ad-vances and frontier research in advanced materials and technologies toward carbon neutrality.Collectively,these works highlight the latest progress in catalytic energy conversion,photovoltaic technologies,and electrochemical energy storage,providing valuable insights to guide future efforts in the design of carbon-neutral materials and sustainable energy systems.
文摘Photocatalysts show broad application potential in clean energy conversion by utilizing solar energy for chemical transformations[1–3].However,single-component photocatalysts are severely limited in practical applications due to narrow light absorption ranges and high recombination rates of photogenerated carriers[4].S-scheme heterojunctions preserve optimal redox potentials,offering broad application prospects in solar energy conversion and environmental remediation[5,6].Since photocatalytic reactions occur predominantly at the material interface,a spatially resolved investigation of charge transfer is essential for understanding carrier dynamics at the nanoscale[7].In this context,the highlighted study employs Kelvin probe force microscopy(KPFM)to elucidate the real-space charge-transfer mechanisms in CdS/BiOBr S-scheme heterojunctions,providing direct and quantitative insight into interfacial charge behavior[8].
基金the financial support provide by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2016YFB0600404-02).
文摘To utilize low rank coal efficiently,a fluidized bed two-stage(FBTS)gasification process,mainly consisting of a FB pyrolyzer and a transport FB(TFB)gasifier,has been proposed for the production of clean fuel gas.To verify the feasibility and technical features of this novel gasification technology,a pilot autothermal platform,with a treating capacity of 100 kg/h for coal,was designed and built up.By adopting a kind of lignite from Inner Mongolia,the running state and fuel gas quality were compared systematically under typical operational conditions.The results show that by keeping the reaction temperatures of pyrolyzer and gasifier at around 840C and 1000C,respectively,the corresponding tar content in fuel gas at the outlets of pyrolyzer and gasifier were 1127 mg/Nm3 and 365 mg/Nm3,reaching a high tar removal efficiency.Under the stable operation state,the volume fractions of CO,H2,CH4 and CO2 in fuel gas were 14.4%,8.3%,3.4%and 11.3%,respectively,and the corresponding higher heating value of fuel gas was about 1100 kcal/Nm3.Compared with the tar from pyrolyzer,the heavy oil fraction in tar from gasifier reduced significantly,while the light oil components increased sharply simultaneously,showing significant effect of catalytic reforming by hot char bed on tar removal.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22368020)the Research Foundation for Talented Scholars of Hainan University,China(No.RZ2300002666).
文摘The escalating global energy crisis,coupled with growing environmental concerns,has necessitated urgent advances in clean and efficient energy conversion technologies.Among the emerging approaches,electrocatalytic water splitting has garnered substantial interest as a carbonneutral strategy for hydrogen production,positioning hydrogen as a potential replacement for non-renewable fossil fuels[1].This process primarily involves two coupled half-reactions:the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).In particular,the OER at the anode is hindered by intrinsically slow kinetics due to multi-electron transfer steps,electron-proton coupling,and adsorption/desorption processes.As a result,highly efficient electrocatalysts are required to reduce the overpotential.In this context,deciphering the actual catalytic sites and concomitant evolution of their electronic structure during OER under operando conditions have become a critical imperative.Such mechanistic insights establish structureproperty correlations that underpin the rational engineering of high-performance electrocatalysts.
基金This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51975384)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2020A1515011547)Shenzhen Fundamental Research Project(Nos.JCYJ20190808144009478,20200731211324001).
文摘Lanthanum strontium cobalt ferrite(LSCF)is an appreciable cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells(SOFCs),and it has been widely investigated,owing to its excellent thermal and chemical stability.However,its poor oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity,particularly at a temperature of≤800℃,causes setbacks in achieving a peak power density of>1.0 W·cm^(-2),limiting its application in the commercialization of SOFCs.To improve the ORR of LSCF,doping strategies have been found useful.Herein,the porous tantalum-doped LSCF materials(La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.4)Fe_(0.5)7Ta_(0.03)O_(3)(LSCFT-0),La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.4)Fe_(0.5)4Ta0.06O_(3),and La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.4)Fe_(0.5)Ta0.1O_(3))are prepared via camphor-assisted solid-state reaction(CSSR).The LSCFT-0 material exhibits promising ORR with area-specific resistance(ASR)of 1.260,_(0.5)80,0.260,0.100,and 0.06Ω·cm^(2)at 600,650,700,750,and 800℃,respectively.The performance is about 2 times higher than that of undoped La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)Co_(0.4)Fe_(0.6)O_(3)with the ASR of 2.515,1.191,_(0.5)96,0.320,and 0.181Ω·cm^(2)from the lowest to the highest temperature.Through material characterization,it was found that the incorporated Ta occupied the B-site of the material,leading to the enhancement of the ORR activity.With the use of LSCFT-0 as the cathode material for anode-supported single-cell,the power density of>1.0 W·cm^(-2)was obtained at a temperature<800℃.The results indicate that the CSSR-derived LSCFT is a promising cathode material for SOFCs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.21671182).The author would like to thank Prof.Qianwang Chen and Dr Yang Yang for their suggestions in the experiments.
文摘Oxygen evolution reaction(OER)electrocatalysts with high efficiency and durability are urgently needed for energy conversion and storage of clean energy.Herein,we report the finding in the development of a hexagonal Ba_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)Co_(0.8)Fe_(0.2)O_(3−δ)(BSCF-H)perovskite as an OER electrocatalyst.Prepared by a sol–gel method,the BSCF-H perovskite displays excellent OER efficiency and stability in a harsh alkaline solution.
