The high-performance Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer(BFRP)composites have been prepared by guiding Micro/Nano Short Aramid Fiber(MNSAF)into the interlayer to improve the resin-rich region and the interfacial transitio...The high-performance Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer(BFRP)composites have been prepared by guiding Micro/Nano Short Aramid Fiber(MNSAF)into the interlayer to improve the resin-rich region and the interfacial transition region,and the flexible fiber bridging claws of MNSAF were constructed to grasp the adjacent layers for stronger interlaminar bond.The lowvelocity impact results show that the MNSAF could improve the impact resistance of BFRP composites.The compression test results demonstrate that the compressive strength and the residual compressive strength after impact of MNSAF-reinforced BFRP composites were greater than those of unreinforced one,exhibiting the greatest 56.2% and 73.3% increments respectively for BFRP composites improved by 4wt%MNSAF.X-ray micro-computed tomography scanning results indicate that the“fiber bridging claws”contributed to better mechanical interlocking to inhibit the crack generation and propagation under impact and compression load,and the original delamination-dominated failure of unreinforced BFRP composites was altered into sheardominated failure of MNSAF-reinforced BFRP composites.Overall,the MNSAF interleaving might be an effective method in manufacturing high-performance laminated fiber in industrial production.展开更多
In its November 2007 issue,U.S.magazine Science published a photo named"flat cat?"and a column titled"Rare-Tiger Photo Flap Makes Fur Fly in China."The article dealt with the claimed discovery of t...In its November 2007 issue,U.S.magazine Science published a photo named"flat cat?"and a column titled"Rare-Tiger Photo Flap Makes Fur Fly in China."The article dealt with the claimed discovery of the South China tiger,which had been believed extinct in the wild.The photo as well as the article stirred up the already heated controversy in China as to whether the photo was a fake or not.展开更多
Last July, 100,000 cooked crayfish from Hubei province boarded the Sino-Euro Railway and landed in Russia for the 2018 World Cup--baffling foreign media, but exhilarating Chinese spectators for whom this summer treat ...Last July, 100,000 cooked crayfish from Hubei province boarded the Sino-Euro Railway and landed in Russia for the 2018 World Cup--baffling foreign media, but exhilarating Chinese spectators for whom this summer treat more than made up for the absence of their national team.展开更多
This crab-based baozi brings you the salty taste of the sea地道江南口味:香滋滋的蟹粉小笼包是怎么炼成的?There is no feeling quite like picking up a fresh dumpling on the verge of bursting out of its semi-transluscent s...This crab-based baozi brings you the salty taste of the sea地道江南口味:香滋滋的蟹粉小笼包是怎么炼成的?There is no feeling quite like picking up a fresh dumpling on the verge of bursting out of its semi-transluscent skin and nibbling a small hole in the skin to suck out the devilishly good filling:orgasmic.And while it’s a big wide world of dumplings展开更多
Male fiddler crabs own an enlarged claw which is a weapon and an ornament.The enlargement of this claw begins from the juvenile stage and continues throughout life.Males may voluntarily lose(i.e.,autotomize)this claw....Male fiddler crabs own an enlarged claw which is a weapon and an ornament.The enlargement of this claw begins from the juvenile stage and continues throughout life.Males may voluntarily lose(i.e.,autotomize)this claw.After several molts males may regenerate a new claw,called leptochelous,which acquires a similar length but a lower muscle mass area than the original one,called brachychelous.In some species,regenerated claws develop permanently as leptochelous,the population having 2 discrete claw morphologies.Other species present morphological variations with leptochelous and brachychelous being 2 ends of a continuum.In the species Leptuca uruguayensis,we studied the morphological variation of this enlarged claw,whether it may be caused by its regeneration at different male sizes,and its consequences on mating success.We found that claws could not be discriminated as discrete morphs,suggesting a morphological continuum from brachychelous to leptochelous.Regenerated claws in the laboratory were initially small and proportional to body size,although a field experiment confirmed that claw size is recovered after several molts.Morphological variation may be caused by energetic limitations where males of different sizes must differently trade-off between restitution of claw length(ornament function)or claw muscle area(weapon function).Fiddler crabs use 2 mating tactics with different levels of female choice.However,regardless of the mating tactic,leptochelous males were at a disadvantage at high densities,although not at low densities,suggesting that the consequences of autotomy and regeneration on mating success may depend on the social context.展开更多
Let G be a graph, an independent set Y in G is called an essential independent set (or essential set for simplicity), if there is {y 1,y 2} Y such that dist (y 1,y 2)=2. In this paper, we wi...Let G be a graph, an independent set Y in G is called an essential independent set (or essential set for simplicity), if there is {y 1,y 2} Y such that dist (y 1,y 2)=2. In this paper, we will use the technique of the vertex insertion on l connected ( l=k or k+1,k≥2 ) claw free graphs to provide a unified proof for G to be hamiltonian or 1 hamiltonian, the sufficient conditions are expressed by the inequality concerning ∑ki=0N(Y i) and n(Y) for each essential set Y={y 0,y 1,...,y k} of G , where Y i={y i,y i-1 ,...,y i-(b-1) }Y for i∈{0,1,...,k} (the subscriptions of y j ’s will be taken modulo k+1 ), b ( 0【b【k+1 ) is an integer, and n(Y)={v∈V(G): dist (v,Y)≤2 }.展开更多
The effect of an intensive/extensive feeding regimen on lipid content and fatty acid composition of the bovine digital cushion was investigated in 32 beef cattle of both genders, divided in 2 groups (16 per intensive/...The effect of an intensive/extensive feeding regimen on lipid content and fatty acid composition of the bovine digital cushion was investigated in 32 beef cattle of both genders, divided in 2 groups (16 per intensive/extensive feeding). The beef cattle were calves of different suckler cow husbandries. After the separation from their mothers at the age of 10 months, they were differently fed for 5 months. The animals were slaughtered at the age of 15 months with a mean body weight of 450 kg. The macroscopic claw examination of all beef cattle was made at two defined claws at the beginning of the trial and after slaughter. For applicatory reasons, the fat pads of the claws could only be prepared after slaughter. Samples from fat pads at defined locations of the digital cushion were analysed for lipid content and fatty acid composition determination. Additionally, samples from the digital cushions and few samples of subcutaneous tissue of 9 dairy cows served as comparison. These slaughterhouse cows were mainly fed with hay and grass;further data however were not available. The digital fat pads and the subcutaneous fat of both groups showed obvious differences in the fat content and the fatty acid composition. The fat pads of the intensive fed animals contained fewer lipids and more omega-6-fatty acids. The extensive fed animals had distinctly more omega-3-fatty acids. In the subcutaneous fat of the intensive fed animals, more omega-6-fatty could be found and more omega-3-fatty acids in the extensive fed animals. These results indicate that the feeding can influence the lipid content and the fatty acid composition. The macroscopic hoof horn quality grade of the intensive fed group was better than the extensive fed group. The digital pads of the dairy cows contained more lipids, more monounsaturated fatty acids and less omega-6-fatty acids.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the outcome of over-the-scope-clip system(OTSC)for endoscopic treatment of various indications in daily clinical practice in Switzerland.METHODS:This prospective,consecutive case series was conducted a...AIM:To evaluate the outcome of over-the-scope-clip system(OTSC)for endoscopic treatment of various indications in daily clinical practice in Switzerland.METHODS:This prospective,consecutive case series was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from September 2010 to January 2014.Indications for OTSC application were fistulae,anastomotic leakage,perforation,unroofed submucosal lesion for biopsy,refractory bleeding,and stent fixation in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract.Primary technical success was defined as the adequate deployment of the OTSC on the target lesion.Clinical success was defined as resolution of the problem;for instance,no requirement for surgery or further endoscopic intervention.In cases of recurrence,retreatment of a lesion with a second intervention was possible.Complications were classified into those related to sedation,endoscopy,or deployment of the clip.RESULTS:A total of 28 OTSC system applications werecarried out in 21 patients[median age 64 years(range42-85),33%females].The main indications were fistulae(52%),mostly after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube removal,and anastomotic leakage after GI surgery(29%).Further indications were unroofed submucosal lesions after biopsy,upper gastrointestinal bleeding,or esophageal stent fixation.The OTSC treatments were applied either in the upper(48%)or lower(52%)GI tract.The mean lesion size was 8 mm(range:2-20 mm).Primary technical success and clinical success rates were 85%and 67%,respectively.In53%of cases,the suction method was used without accessories(e.g.,twin grasper or tissue anchor).No endoscopy-related or OTSC-related complications were observed.CONCLUSION:OTSC is a useful tool for endoscopic closure of various GI lesions,including fistulae and leakages.Future randomized prospective multicenter trials are warranted.展开更多
Gastrointestinal (GI) defects such as fistulas and leaks can be potentially closed endoscopically using hemo-clips and loops. However, hemoclips may not allow for closure of large defects and they do not exert enough ...Gastrointestinal (GI) defects such as fistulas and leaks can be potentially closed endoscopically using hemo-clips and loops. However, hemoclips may not allow for closure of large defects and they do not exert enough tensile force to keep fibrotic defects larger than 5 mm approximated. Herein we present a case of successful endoscopic closure of a gastrocolic fistula in a severely malnourished patient with complex post-surgical upper GI anatomy. We strongly believe that this device is a major breakthrough for the management of various types of discontinuity defects or fistulas. In addition, we show the usefulness of placing a direct jejunostomy using the double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) technique during the same procedure. The concept of providing direct jejunal feedings while allowing for upper gas-trointestinal bowel rest to promote the healing of the minimally invasive endoscopic operation is novel. Thus, our case is unique and exemplifies the utility of mini-mally invasive endoscopic endoluminal surgery.展开更多
基金supported financially by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52102115)the High-end Foreign Expert Recruitment Plan of China(No.G2023036002L)+1 种基金the Basalt Fiber and Composite Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,China(No.XXKFJJ202308)Shock and Vibration of Engineering Materials and Structures Key Lab of Sichuan Province,China(No.23kfgk06).
文摘The high-performance Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer(BFRP)composites have been prepared by guiding Micro/Nano Short Aramid Fiber(MNSAF)into the interlayer to improve the resin-rich region and the interfacial transition region,and the flexible fiber bridging claws of MNSAF were constructed to grasp the adjacent layers for stronger interlaminar bond.The lowvelocity impact results show that the MNSAF could improve the impact resistance of BFRP composites.The compression test results demonstrate that the compressive strength and the residual compressive strength after impact of MNSAF-reinforced BFRP composites were greater than those of unreinforced one,exhibiting the greatest 56.2% and 73.3% increments respectively for BFRP composites improved by 4wt%MNSAF.X-ray micro-computed tomography scanning results indicate that the“fiber bridging claws”contributed to better mechanical interlocking to inhibit the crack generation and propagation under impact and compression load,and the original delamination-dominated failure of unreinforced BFRP composites was altered into sheardominated failure of MNSAF-reinforced BFRP composites.Overall,the MNSAF interleaving might be an effective method in manufacturing high-performance laminated fiber in industrial production.
文摘In its November 2007 issue,U.S.magazine Science published a photo named"flat cat?"and a column titled"Rare-Tiger Photo Flap Makes Fur Fly in China."The article dealt with the claimed discovery of the South China tiger,which had been believed extinct in the wild.The photo as well as the article stirred up the already heated controversy in China as to whether the photo was a fake or not.
文摘Last July, 100,000 cooked crayfish from Hubei province boarded the Sino-Euro Railway and landed in Russia for the 2018 World Cup--baffling foreign media, but exhilarating Chinese spectators for whom this summer treat more than made up for the absence of their national team.
文摘This crab-based baozi brings you the salty taste of the sea地道江南口味:香滋滋的蟹粉小笼包是怎么炼成的?There is no feeling quite like picking up a fresh dumpling on the verge of bursting out of its semi-transluscent skin and nibbling a small hole in the skin to suck out the devilishly good filling:orgasmic.And while it’s a big wide world of dumplings
基金funded by the Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica(PICT-2019-2385)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(PIP-11220200102466CO)Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata(EXA953/20).
文摘Male fiddler crabs own an enlarged claw which is a weapon and an ornament.The enlargement of this claw begins from the juvenile stage and continues throughout life.Males may voluntarily lose(i.e.,autotomize)this claw.After several molts males may regenerate a new claw,called leptochelous,which acquires a similar length but a lower muscle mass area than the original one,called brachychelous.In some species,regenerated claws develop permanently as leptochelous,the population having 2 discrete claw morphologies.Other species present morphological variations with leptochelous and brachychelous being 2 ends of a continuum.In the species Leptuca uruguayensis,we studied the morphological variation of this enlarged claw,whether it may be caused by its regeneration at different male sizes,and its consequences on mating success.We found that claws could not be discriminated as discrete morphs,suggesting a morphological continuum from brachychelous to leptochelous.Regenerated claws in the laboratory were initially small and proportional to body size,although a field experiment confirmed that claw size is recovered after several molts.Morphological variation may be caused by energetic limitations where males of different sizes must differently trade-off between restitution of claw length(ornament function)or claw muscle area(weapon function).Fiddler crabs use 2 mating tactics with different levels of female choice.However,regardless of the mating tactic,leptochelous males were at a disadvantage at high densities,although not at low densities,suggesting that the consequences of autotomy and regeneration on mating success may depend on the social context.
文摘Let G be a graph, an independent set Y in G is called an essential independent set (or essential set for simplicity), if there is {y 1,y 2} Y such that dist (y 1,y 2)=2. In this paper, we will use the technique of the vertex insertion on l connected ( l=k or k+1,k≥2 ) claw free graphs to provide a unified proof for G to be hamiltonian or 1 hamiltonian, the sufficient conditions are expressed by the inequality concerning ∑ki=0N(Y i) and n(Y) for each essential set Y={y 0,y 1,...,y k} of G , where Y i={y i,y i-1 ,...,y i-(b-1) }Y for i∈{0,1,...,k} (the subscriptions of y j ’s will be taken modulo k+1 ), b ( 0【b【k+1 ) is an integer, and n(Y)={v∈V(G): dist (v,Y)≤2 }.
基金financial supports from the Foundation Sur-la-Croix,Basel,Switzerland and the Institute of Veterinary Anatomy Zurich(Director A.Boos).
文摘The effect of an intensive/extensive feeding regimen on lipid content and fatty acid composition of the bovine digital cushion was investigated in 32 beef cattle of both genders, divided in 2 groups (16 per intensive/extensive feeding). The beef cattle were calves of different suckler cow husbandries. After the separation from their mothers at the age of 10 months, they were differently fed for 5 months. The animals were slaughtered at the age of 15 months with a mean body weight of 450 kg. The macroscopic claw examination of all beef cattle was made at two defined claws at the beginning of the trial and after slaughter. For applicatory reasons, the fat pads of the claws could only be prepared after slaughter. Samples from fat pads at defined locations of the digital cushion were analysed for lipid content and fatty acid composition determination. Additionally, samples from the digital cushions and few samples of subcutaneous tissue of 9 dairy cows served as comparison. These slaughterhouse cows were mainly fed with hay and grass;further data however were not available. The digital fat pads and the subcutaneous fat of both groups showed obvious differences in the fat content and the fatty acid composition. The fat pads of the intensive fed animals contained fewer lipids and more omega-6-fatty acids. The extensive fed animals had distinctly more omega-3-fatty acids. In the subcutaneous fat of the intensive fed animals, more omega-6-fatty could be found and more omega-3-fatty acids in the extensive fed animals. These results indicate that the feeding can influence the lipid content and the fatty acid composition. The macroscopic hoof horn quality grade of the intensive fed group was better than the extensive fed group. The digital pads of the dairy cows contained more lipids, more monounsaturated fatty acids and less omega-6-fatty acids.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the outcome of over-the-scope-clip system(OTSC)for endoscopic treatment of various indications in daily clinical practice in Switzerland.METHODS:This prospective,consecutive case series was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from September 2010 to January 2014.Indications for OTSC application were fistulae,anastomotic leakage,perforation,unroofed submucosal lesion for biopsy,refractory bleeding,and stent fixation in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract.Primary technical success was defined as the adequate deployment of the OTSC on the target lesion.Clinical success was defined as resolution of the problem;for instance,no requirement for surgery or further endoscopic intervention.In cases of recurrence,retreatment of a lesion with a second intervention was possible.Complications were classified into those related to sedation,endoscopy,or deployment of the clip.RESULTS:A total of 28 OTSC system applications werecarried out in 21 patients[median age 64 years(range42-85),33%females].The main indications were fistulae(52%),mostly after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube removal,and anastomotic leakage after GI surgery(29%).Further indications were unroofed submucosal lesions after biopsy,upper gastrointestinal bleeding,or esophageal stent fixation.The OTSC treatments were applied either in the upper(48%)or lower(52%)GI tract.The mean lesion size was 8 mm(range:2-20 mm).Primary technical success and clinical success rates were 85%and 67%,respectively.In53%of cases,the suction method was used without accessories(e.g.,twin grasper or tissue anchor).No endoscopy-related or OTSC-related complications were observed.CONCLUSION:OTSC is a useful tool for endoscopic closure of various GI lesions,including fistulae and leakages.Future randomized prospective multicenter trials are warranted.
文摘Gastrointestinal (GI) defects such as fistulas and leaks can be potentially closed endoscopically using hemo-clips and loops. However, hemoclips may not allow for closure of large defects and they do not exert enough tensile force to keep fibrotic defects larger than 5 mm approximated. Herein we present a case of successful endoscopic closure of a gastrocolic fistula in a severely malnourished patient with complex post-surgical upper GI anatomy. We strongly believe that this device is a major breakthrough for the management of various types of discontinuity defects or fistulas. In addition, we show the usefulness of placing a direct jejunostomy using the double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) technique during the same procedure. The concept of providing direct jejunal feedings while allowing for upper gas-trointestinal bowel rest to promote the healing of the minimally invasive endoscopic operation is novel. Thus, our case is unique and exemplifies the utility of mini-mally invasive endoscopic endoluminal surgery.
