Absorption of SO2 from a SO2/air mixture with sodium citrate buffer solution was investigated using a rotating packed bed(RPB) in laboratory scale.The effects of operating parameters,such as the rotation speed of RPB,...Absorption of SO2 from a SO2/air mixture with sodium citrate buffer solution was investigated using a rotating packed bed(RPB) in laboratory scale.The effects of operating parameters,such as the rotation speed of RPB,liquid-gas ratio,inlet gas flow rate,inlet concentration of SO2 in flue gas,sodium citrate buffer concentration and initial pH of absorption solution,on the SO2 concentration in the absorption solution or removal efficiency of SO2 were examined.Incremental rate of sulfate radical ions in the absorption solution was also examined.Experimental results indicate that the efficiency of this regenerative process will be improved by using RPB under appropriate operating conditions,and the generation of SO2-4 will be restrained in the process in RPB.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed bowel preparation method for colon capsule endoscopy.METHODS:A pilot,multicenter,randomized controlled trial compared our proposed "reduced volume method"(gr...AIM:To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed bowel preparation method for colon capsule endoscopy.METHODS:A pilot,multicenter,randomized controlled trial compared our proposed "reduced volume method"(group A) with the "conventional volume method"(group B) preparation regimens.Group A did not drink polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution(PEGELS) the day before the capsule procedure,while group B drank 2 L.During the procedure day,groups A and B drank 2 L and 1 L of PEG-ELS,respectively,and swallowed the colon capsule(PillCam COLON capsule).Two hours later the first booster of 100 g magnesium citrate mixed with 900 mL water was administered to both groups,and the second booster was administered six hours post capsule ingestion as long as the capsule had not been excreted by that time.Capsule videos were reviewed for grading of cleansing level,RESULTS:Sixty-four subjects were enrolled,with results from 60 analyzed.Groups A and B included 31 and 29 subjects,respectively.Twenty-nine(94%) subjects in group A and 25(86%) subjects in group B had adequate bowel preparation(ns).Twenty-two(71%) of the 31 subjects in group A excreted the capsule within its battery life compared to 16(55%) of the 29 subjects in group B(ns).Of the remaining 22 subjects whose capsules were not excreted within the battery life,all of the capsules reached the left side colon before they stopped functioning.A single adverse event was reported in one subject who had mild symptoms of nausea and vomiting one hour after starting to drink PEG-ELS,due to ingesting the PEG-ELS faster than recommended.CONCLUSION:Our proposed reduced volume bowel preparation method for colon capsule without PEG-ELS during the days before the procedure was as effective as the conventional volume method.展开更多
Objective To explore the role and mechanism of Ras homolog gene family member E(RhoE)gene in myocardial fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy.Methods Wild-type SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin...Objective To explore the role and mechanism of Ras homolog gene family member E(RhoE)gene in myocardial fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy.Methods Wild-type SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin solution(STZ,70 mg/kg)and an equal volume of sodium citrate solution to establish the type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)group(n=15)and the T1DM control group(n=15),respectively.db/db spontaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)mice and wild-type C57BL/6J mice were conventionally housed for 8 weeks to establish the T2DM group(n=5)and the T2DM control group(n=5),respectively.Heterozygote SD rats with systemic knockout of the RhoEgenewere intraperitoneally injected with STZ solution(70 mg/kg)and an equal volume of sodium citrate solution to establish the RhoE knockout T1DM group(n=5)and the RhoE knockout control group(n=5),respectively.Wild-typeSDratswere injectedwithRhoEoverexpressing adeno-associated virus 9 through tail vein and intraperitoneally injected with STZ solution(70 mg/kg)to establish the RhoE overexpression TIDM group(n=5),while wild-type SD rats injected with negative control virus through tail vein and intraperitoneally injected with an equal volume of sodium citrate solution served as the RhoE overexpression control group(n=5).After successful modeling,all animals in each group were conventionally housed for an additional 6 or 8 weeks,which marked the experimental endpoint.At the experimental endpoint,echocardiography was performed to assess cardiac function of animals in each group,and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and the ratio of early to late diastolic transmitral flow velocity(E/A ratio)were analysed.Masson staining was used to detect collagen fiber deposition in myocardial tissue of animals in each group.Western blot analysis was conducted to detect the expression levels of RhoE gene,type I collagen,type II collagen,Smad2/3,and phosphorylated Smad2/3 protein in myocardial tissue of rats.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the levels of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)in serum of rats.Results Compared with their respective control groups,the expression of RhoE in the heart tissues of mice in the T2DM group and rats in the T1DM group was significantly downregulated,and the deposition of collagen fibers was more significant(P<0.05),and LVEF and E/A ratio were lower(all P<0.05).Compared with the T1DM group,the phosphorylation level of Smad2/3、the levels of type I collagen and type II collagen in myocardial tissue and the level of TGF-β1 in serum were higher in the RhoE knockout T1DM group(all P<0.05).Additionally,rats in the RhoE overexpression T1DM group had higher LVEF and E/A ratios(both P<0.05)and less collagen fiber deposition(P<0.05)compared with the T1DM group.Conclusion Myocardial fibrosis induced by diabetes mellitus activates TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway by inhibiting RhoE gene expression.Myocardial targeting overexpression of the RhoE mediated by adenoassociated virus 9 can alleviate myocardial fibrosis and improve cardiac function in rats withdiabetic cardiomyopathy.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50244012) the National Science Foundtion of Shaanxi Education Department (No.02JC37)
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20572128）
文摘Absorption of SO2 from a SO2/air mixture with sodium citrate buffer solution was investigated using a rotating packed bed(RPB) in laboratory scale.The effects of operating parameters,such as the rotation speed of RPB,liquid-gas ratio,inlet gas flow rate,inlet concentration of SO2 in flue gas,sodium citrate buffer concentration and initial pH of absorption solution,on the SO2 concentration in the absorption solution or removal efficiency of SO2 were examined.Incremental rate of sulfate radical ions in the absorption solution was also examined.Experimental results indicate that the efficiency of this regenerative process will be improved by using RPB under appropriate operating conditions,and the generation of SO2-4 will be restrained in the process in RPB.
基金Supported by Foundation for Promotion of Cancer Research by Ministry of Health,Labor and Welfare in Japan
文摘AIM:To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed bowel preparation method for colon capsule endoscopy.METHODS:A pilot,multicenter,randomized controlled trial compared our proposed "reduced volume method"(group A) with the "conventional volume method"(group B) preparation regimens.Group A did not drink polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution(PEGELS) the day before the capsule procedure,while group B drank 2 L.During the procedure day,groups A and B drank 2 L and 1 L of PEG-ELS,respectively,and swallowed the colon capsule(PillCam COLON capsule).Two hours later the first booster of 100 g magnesium citrate mixed with 900 mL water was administered to both groups,and the second booster was administered six hours post capsule ingestion as long as the capsule had not been excreted by that time.Capsule videos were reviewed for grading of cleansing level,RESULTS:Sixty-four subjects were enrolled,with results from 60 analyzed.Groups A and B included 31 and 29 subjects,respectively.Twenty-nine(94%) subjects in group A and 25(86%) subjects in group B had adequate bowel preparation(ns).Twenty-two(71%) of the 31 subjects in group A excreted the capsule within its battery life compared to 16(55%) of the 29 subjects in group B(ns).Of the remaining 22 subjects whose capsules were not excreted within the battery life,all of the capsules reached the left side colon before they stopped functioning.A single adverse event was reported in one subject who had mild symptoms of nausea and vomiting one hour after starting to drink PEG-ELS,due to ingesting the PEG-ELS faster than recommended.CONCLUSION:Our proposed reduced volume bowel preparation method for colon capsule without PEG-ELS during the days before the procedure was as effective as the conventional volume method.
文摘Objective To explore the role and mechanism of Ras homolog gene family member E(RhoE)gene in myocardial fibrosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy.Methods Wild-type SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin solution(STZ,70 mg/kg)and an equal volume of sodium citrate solution to establish the type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM)group(n=15)and the T1DM control group(n=15),respectively.db/db spontaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)mice and wild-type C57BL/6J mice were conventionally housed for 8 weeks to establish the T2DM group(n=5)and the T2DM control group(n=5),respectively.Heterozygote SD rats with systemic knockout of the RhoEgenewere intraperitoneally injected with STZ solution(70 mg/kg)and an equal volume of sodium citrate solution to establish the RhoE knockout T1DM group(n=5)and the RhoE knockout control group(n=5),respectively.Wild-typeSDratswere injectedwithRhoEoverexpressing adeno-associated virus 9 through tail vein and intraperitoneally injected with STZ solution(70 mg/kg)to establish the RhoE overexpression TIDM group(n=5),while wild-type SD rats injected with negative control virus through tail vein and intraperitoneally injected with an equal volume of sodium citrate solution served as the RhoE overexpression control group(n=5).After successful modeling,all animals in each group were conventionally housed for an additional 6 or 8 weeks,which marked the experimental endpoint.At the experimental endpoint,echocardiography was performed to assess cardiac function of animals in each group,and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and the ratio of early to late diastolic transmitral flow velocity(E/A ratio)were analysed.Masson staining was used to detect collagen fiber deposition in myocardial tissue of animals in each group.Western blot analysis was conducted to detect the expression levels of RhoE gene,type I collagen,type II collagen,Smad2/3,and phosphorylated Smad2/3 protein in myocardial tissue of rats.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the levels of transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1)in serum of rats.Results Compared with their respective control groups,the expression of RhoE in the heart tissues of mice in the T2DM group and rats in the T1DM group was significantly downregulated,and the deposition of collagen fibers was more significant(P<0.05),and LVEF and E/A ratio were lower(all P<0.05).Compared with the T1DM group,the phosphorylation level of Smad2/3、the levels of type I collagen and type II collagen in myocardial tissue and the level of TGF-β1 in serum were higher in the RhoE knockout T1DM group(all P<0.05).Additionally,rats in the RhoE overexpression T1DM group had higher LVEF and E/A ratios(both P<0.05)and less collagen fiber deposition(P<0.05)compared with the T1DM group.Conclusion Myocardial fibrosis induced by diabetes mellitus activates TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway by inhibiting RhoE gene expression.Myocardial targeting overexpression of the RhoE mediated by adenoassociated virus 9 can alleviate myocardial fibrosis and improve cardiac function in rats withdiabetic cardiomyopathy.
