Currently, transplanting mechanisms for dryland plug seedlings in China are mainly semiautomatic and have low efficiency. The rotary seedling pick-up mechanism with a planetary gear train for non-uniform intermittent ...Currently, transplanting mechanisms for dryland plug seedlings in China are mainly semiautomatic and have low efficiency. The rotary seedling pick-up mechanism with a planetary gear train for non-uniform intermittent transmission, and a concave and convex locking arc device, has a large rigid impact. To solve these problems, according to the design requirements for a dryland plug seedling transplanting mechanism, a rotary seedling pick-up mechanism of a planetary gear train with combined non-circular gear transmission of incomplete eccentric circular and noncircular gears was proposed. This has the characteristics of two-times greater fluctuation of the transmission ratio in a cycle, and can achieve a non-uniform continuous drive. Through analysis of the working principle of the seedling pick-up mechanism, its kinematics model was established. The human–computer interaction optimization method and self-developed computer-aided analysis and optimization software were used to obtain a set of parameters that satisfy the operation requirements of the seedling pick-up mechanism. According to the optimized parameters, the structure of the seedling pick-up mechanism was designed, a virtual prototype of the mechanism was created, and a physical prototype was manufactured. A virtual motion simulation of the mechanism was performed, high-speed photographic kinematics tests were conducted, and the kinematic properties of the physical prototype were investigated, whereby the correctness of the theoretical model and the optimized design of the mechanism were verified. Further, laboratory seedling pick-up tests were conducted. The success ratio of seedling pick-up was 93.8% when the seedling pick-up efficiency of the mechanism was 60 plants per minute per row, indicating that the mechanism has a high efficiency and success ratio for seedling pick-up and can be applied to a dryland plug seedling transplanter.展开更多
Achieving sustainable patterns of consumption and production is perhaps the biggest challenge facing our society today. The de-mand for more safe environmentally benign products is rising and many companies are lookin...Achieving sustainable patterns of consumption and production is perhaps the biggest challenge facing our society today. The de-mand for more safe environmentally benign products is rising and many companies are looking for new ways to progressively improve the sus-tainability of their products. Moreover, there are numerous opportunities and countless innovations, technological as well as non-technologi-cal,that need to be exploited to improve the sustainability of products. Manufacturing industry is an important sector of any economy and hasthe potential to become a driving force for enabling sustainable patterns of production and consumption through introducing efficient productionpractices and developing products and services that help reduce environmental impacts. The benefits of adopting an integrated policy towardsproduct development based on life cycle thinking and eco-design to stimulate improvement of the environmental performance of each part ofproduct life cycle phases and achieve sustainable patterns of production and consumption are emphasized. The challenges in implementingsustainable manufacturing and the circular economy approaches are listed. A number of solutions are suggested to face up these challenges,for instance, increased awareness of enterprises particularly SME's of product life cycle issues and the opportunities that are available for costsavings and profit making from eco-innovation in product development for both the domestic and export markets and providing practical helpand advice directly to enterprises on integrated product development to promote enterprise led Eco-innovation. Aiming at contributing to sus-tainable manufacturing in China, Sino-UK Low Carbon Manufacturing Consortium, a multi-disciplinary research and educational partnershipbetween academia, industry and government agencies in the UK and China with interest in sustainable manufacturing issues, has been formedrecently.The vision, aims and benefits of membership of the consortium are also discussed.展开更多
The vertex connectivity k(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of nodes whose deletion disconnects it. Graph connectivity is one of the most fundamental problems in graph theory. In this paper, we designed an O(n2) t...The vertex connectivity k(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of nodes whose deletion disconnects it. Graph connectivity is one of the most fundamental problems in graph theory. In this paper, we designed an O(n2) time algorithm to solve connectivity problem on circular trapezoid graphs.展开更多
Lahti Growth model in the Lahti University of Applied Sciences is joining together the regional hub for design competence and the committed development of circular economy solutions. On the strategic level the circula...Lahti Growth model in the Lahti University of Applied Sciences is joining together the regional hub for design competence and the committed development of circular economy solutions. On the strategic level the circular solutions try to prevent waste from occurring in any part of the production and consumption process. This demands also design for user consumer behavior change. New emphasis for design education is required with guiding students in solving this behavior change challenge instead of designing concrete products. The user research for green behavior change reveals practical everyday, social life and interest related hindrances explaining the typical attitude – behavior gap with green actions. From the the user perspective the need is for service thinking based solutions, where the information communication, findability and availability of the offering amongst the everyday activities and interests is essential. This paper presents three into the design education integrated cases that present possibilities of the circular economy design and fulfill some important aspets of the user needs. The information design case for renewable energy production in the countryside developed both static posters and storytelling based animations about the horse manure based energy possibilities. The renewable energy research results data wrangling was integrated with information design ideas and visualisation production. The information design project produced results for clear, positive, context related and systemic information delivery. It also produced communication messaging about the normality, savings and history related sensibility achieved through recycling and producing renewable energy in the countryside. The second design case was about preowned product recycling possibilities through applying user information and service design process. The cross-disciplinary students' efforts produced finable, positive and without a car available service process, house cleaning and preowned product collecting services and activities for sharing, reuse, repair and redesign. These results provided easily usable activities for the consumer user with visible and meaningful results and possibilities for social sharing. Sustainable urban living example case dealt with bus travelling systems. Applying emphatic design thinking process to cross-disciplinary learning the work produced an application concept to support city visitors in bus travelling and a concept to incorporate intercative and challeging games to the bus company offerings. The user driven bus travelling design provided clear and easily obtainable information, easily findable and usable bus travel possibilities for the visitors. The engaging and social side of solutions was also covered. The implemented and analysed project cases show that by appropriating user driven and emphatic design process, research knowledge integration, systemic thinking, and cross-disciplinary, collaborative aspects in design education offers means to tackle the circular economy behavior change challenges. Methods for information design, systems analysis, user driven design and co-design become the core of the behavior change enabling design instead of concrete product development methods.展开更多
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Project No.2017YFD0700800)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LZ16E050003)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51505429)Science Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Grant No.15022011-Y)
文摘Currently, transplanting mechanisms for dryland plug seedlings in China are mainly semiautomatic and have low efficiency. The rotary seedling pick-up mechanism with a planetary gear train for non-uniform intermittent transmission, and a concave and convex locking arc device, has a large rigid impact. To solve these problems, according to the design requirements for a dryland plug seedling transplanting mechanism, a rotary seedling pick-up mechanism of a planetary gear train with combined non-circular gear transmission of incomplete eccentric circular and noncircular gears was proposed. This has the characteristics of two-times greater fluctuation of the transmission ratio in a cycle, and can achieve a non-uniform continuous drive. Through analysis of the working principle of the seedling pick-up mechanism, its kinematics model was established. The human–computer interaction optimization method and self-developed computer-aided analysis and optimization software were used to obtain a set of parameters that satisfy the operation requirements of the seedling pick-up mechanism. According to the optimized parameters, the structure of the seedling pick-up mechanism was designed, a virtual prototype of the mechanism was created, and a physical prototype was manufactured. A virtual motion simulation of the mechanism was performed, high-speed photographic kinematics tests were conducted, and the kinematic properties of the physical prototype were investigated, whereby the correctness of the theoretical model and the optimized design of the mechanism were verified. Further, laboratory seedling pick-up tests were conducted. The success ratio of seedling pick-up was 93.8% when the seedling pick-up efficiency of the mechanism was 60 plants per minute per row, indicating that the mechanism has a high efficiency and success ratio for seedling pick-up and can be applied to a dryland plug seedling transplanter.
文摘Achieving sustainable patterns of consumption and production is perhaps the biggest challenge facing our society today. The de-mand for more safe environmentally benign products is rising and many companies are looking for new ways to progressively improve the sus-tainability of their products. Moreover, there are numerous opportunities and countless innovations, technological as well as non-technologi-cal,that need to be exploited to improve the sustainability of products. Manufacturing industry is an important sector of any economy and hasthe potential to become a driving force for enabling sustainable patterns of production and consumption through introducing efficient productionpractices and developing products and services that help reduce environmental impacts. The benefits of adopting an integrated policy towardsproduct development based on life cycle thinking and eco-design to stimulate improvement of the environmental performance of each part ofproduct life cycle phases and achieve sustainable patterns of production and consumption are emphasized. The challenges in implementingsustainable manufacturing and the circular economy approaches are listed. A number of solutions are suggested to face up these challenges,for instance, increased awareness of enterprises particularly SME's of product life cycle issues and the opportunities that are available for costsavings and profit making from eco-innovation in product development for both the domestic and export markets and providing practical helpand advice directly to enterprises on integrated product development to promote enterprise led Eco-innovation. Aiming at contributing to sus-tainable manufacturing in China, Sino-UK Low Carbon Manufacturing Consortium, a multi-disciplinary research and educational partnershipbetween academia, industry and government agencies in the UK and China with interest in sustainable manufacturing issues, has been formedrecently.The vision, aims and benefits of membership of the consortium are also discussed.
文摘The vertex connectivity k(G) of a graph G is the minimum number of nodes whose deletion disconnects it. Graph connectivity is one of the most fundamental problems in graph theory. In this paper, we designed an O(n2) time algorithm to solve connectivity problem on circular trapezoid graphs.
文摘Lahti Growth model in the Lahti University of Applied Sciences is joining together the regional hub for design competence and the committed development of circular economy solutions. On the strategic level the circular solutions try to prevent waste from occurring in any part of the production and consumption process. This demands also design for user consumer behavior change. New emphasis for design education is required with guiding students in solving this behavior change challenge instead of designing concrete products. The user research for green behavior change reveals practical everyday, social life and interest related hindrances explaining the typical attitude – behavior gap with green actions. From the the user perspective the need is for service thinking based solutions, where the information communication, findability and availability of the offering amongst the everyday activities and interests is essential. This paper presents three into the design education integrated cases that present possibilities of the circular economy design and fulfill some important aspets of the user needs. The information design case for renewable energy production in the countryside developed both static posters and storytelling based animations about the horse manure based energy possibilities. The renewable energy research results data wrangling was integrated with information design ideas and visualisation production. The information design project produced results for clear, positive, context related and systemic information delivery. It also produced communication messaging about the normality, savings and history related sensibility achieved through recycling and producing renewable energy in the countryside. The second design case was about preowned product recycling possibilities through applying user information and service design process. The cross-disciplinary students' efforts produced finable, positive and without a car available service process, house cleaning and preowned product collecting services and activities for sharing, reuse, repair and redesign. These results provided easily usable activities for the consumer user with visible and meaningful results and possibilities for social sharing. Sustainable urban living example case dealt with bus travelling systems. Applying emphatic design thinking process to cross-disciplinary learning the work produced an application concept to support city visitors in bus travelling and a concept to incorporate intercative and challeging games to the bus company offerings. The user driven bus travelling design provided clear and easily obtainable information, easily findable and usable bus travel possibilities for the visitors. The engaging and social side of solutions was also covered. The implemented and analysed project cases show that by appropriating user driven and emphatic design process, research knowledge integration, systemic thinking, and cross-disciplinary, collaborative aspects in design education offers means to tackle the circular economy behavior change challenges. Methods for information design, systems analysis, user driven design and co-design become the core of the behavior change enabling design instead of concrete product development methods.
