The inherent drawbacks of selective laser melting technique including serious micro-pore and element microsegregation problems destroy the mechanical property of the component.To overcome this problem,a new approach,c...The inherent drawbacks of selective laser melting technique including serious micro-pore and element microsegregation problems destroy the mechanical property of the component.To overcome this problem,a new approach,circular beam oscillation,was successfully applied in the SLMed Inconel 718 samples including single tracks,thin walls and cuboid samples.On one hand,circular beam oscillation reduces the micro-pores in molten pools and cuboid samples,increasing the relative density of the cuboid sample to 99.95%.On the other hand,circular beam oscillation suppresses the element microsegregation,reducing the formation of Laves phases in SLMed Inconel 718 samples.Moreover,circular beam oscillation enhances the<001>texture of thin walls and the<101>texture of cuboid samples.The improvement of formability and microstructure of the SLMed samples with oscillation is closely related to cooling rate,thermal gradient and stirring effect during the solidification process.Therefore,circular beam oscillation shows the possibility to overcome the key bottlenecks of the traditional SLM technology and to realize a further industrial application of SLM technology.展开更多
Variable stiffness mechanisms(VSMs)are a class of compliant mechanisms that can adjust their intrinsic stiffness,which promises to be beneficial in applications needed to interact with the environment,such as collabor...Variable stiffness mechanisms(VSMs)are a class of compliant mechanisms that can adjust their intrinsic stiffness,which promises to be beneficial in applications needed to interact with the environment,such as collaborative robots,wearable robots,and polishing robots.This paper presents the design and optimization of a novel linear VSM,called cLVSM,to produce linear motion,conversely to the majority of VSMs designed to perform rotary motion.By changing the effective length of specially designed circular beams,the cLVSM is capable of continuous stiffness regulation from a minimum value to almost rigid.Different from the VSMs which need rotation-to-translation converting mechanisms for stiffness regulation,the stiffness of the proposed design is adjusted by directly rotating the beams without the use of additional mechanisms,which contributes to improving the structural compactness,and reducing the energy loss and error in transmission.Moreover,the beam rotation needed to regulate the stiffness is almost perpendicular to the beam deflection force,which helps to reduce the torque needed for stiffness regulation.The stiffness model of the proposed VSM is developed using the screw theory,and the design parameters are optimized using the genetic algorithm.The effectiveness of the mathematical model and the performance of the design are verified by simulation and experiments.展开更多
In this paper the problem of a circular beam subjected to radial impact by a rigid mass at its lip in its own plane is investigaleil on the basis of rigid-perfectly plastic assumption. The analytical solution of the p...In this paper the problem of a circular beam subjected to radial impact by a rigid mass at its lip in its own plane is investigaleil on the basis of rigid-perfectly plastic assumption. The analytical solution of the particle velocities is obtained as the junction of travelling plastic hinge location. Ky analysing the solution, some special properties oj circular beam problem are found.展开更多
A systematic numerical integration method is applied to the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)fully parameterized beam element with smooth varying and continuous cross section.Moreover,the formulation for the...A systematic numerical integration method is applied to the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)fully parameterized beam element with smooth varying and continuous cross section.Moreover,the formulation for the integration points and weight coefficients are given in the method which is used to model the multilayer beam with a circular cross section.To negate the effect of the bending stiffness for the element used to model the high-voltage electrical wire,the general continuum mechanical approach is adjusted.Additionally,the insulation cover for some particular types of the wire is described by the nearly incompressible Mooney-Rivlin material model.Finally,a static problem is presented to prove the accuracy and convergence properties of the element,and a dynamic problem of a flexible pendulum is simulated whereby the balance of the energy can be ensured.An experiment is carried out in which a wire is released as a pendulum and falls on a steel rod.The configurations of the wire are captured by a high-speed camera and compared with the simulation results.The feasibility of the wire model can therefore be demonstrated.展开更多
In the current research,an effective differential quadrature method(DQM)has been developed to solve natural frequency and vibration modal functions of circular section beams along radial functional gradient.Based on t...In the current research,an effective differential quadrature method(DQM)has been developed to solve natural frequency and vibration modal functions of circular section beams along radial functional gradient.Based on the high-order theory of transverse vibration of circular cross-section beams,lateral displacement equation was reconstructed neglecting circumferential shear stress.Two equations coupled with deflection and rotation angles were derived based on elastic mechanics theory and further simplified into a constant coefficient differential equation with natural frequency as eigenvalue.Then,differential quadrature method was applied to transform the eigenvalue problem of the derived differential equation into a set of algebraic equation eigenvalue problems.Natural frequencies of the free vibrations of cylindrical beams with circular cross-sections were calculated at one time,and corresponding modal functions were solved together.The obtained numerical results indicated that the natural frequencies of functionally graded(FG)circular cylindrical beams obtained using differential quadrature method agreed with the results reported in related literatures.In addition,influences of varying gradient parameters on the modal shapes of circular cylindrical beams were found to be strongly consistent with previous studies.Numerical results further validated the feasibility and accuracy of the developed differential quadrature method in solving the transverse vibration of FG circular cross-section beams.展开更多
Tests of 4 simply supported unbonded prestressed truss concrete composite beams encased with circular steel tube were carried out. It is found that the ratio of the stress increment of the unbonded tendon to that of t...Tests of 4 simply supported unbonded prestressed truss concrete composite beams encased with circular steel tube were carried out. It is found that the ratio of the stress increment of the unbonded tendon to that of the tensile steel tube is 0.252 during the using stage,and the average crack space of beams depends on the ratio of the sum of the bottom chord steel tube's outside diameter and the secondary bottom chord steel tube's section area to the effective tensile concrete area. The coefficient of uneven crack distribution is 1.68 and the formula for the calculation of crack width is established. Test results indicate that the ultimate stress increment of unbonded tendon in the beams decreases in linearity with the increase of the composite reinforcement index β0. The pure bending region of beams accords with the plane section assumption from loading to failure. The calculation formula of ultimate stress increment of the unbonded tendon and the method to calculate the bearing capacity of normal section of beams have been presented. Besides,the method to calculate the stiffness of this sort of beams is brought forward as well.展开更多
The realization of quantum storage of spatial light field is of great significance to the construction of high-dimensional quantum repeater.In this paper,we experimentally realize the storage and retrieval of circular...The realization of quantum storage of spatial light field is of great significance to the construction of high-dimensional quantum repeater.In this paper,we experimentally realize the storage and retrieval of circular Airy beams(CABs)by using theΛ-type three-level energy system based on the electromagnetically induced transparency in a hot rubidium atomic vapor cell.The weak probe beam field is modulated with phase distribution of CABs by a spatial light modulator.We store the probe circular Airy beam(CAB)into the rubidium atomic vapor cell and retrieve it after the demanded delay.We quantitatively analyze the storage results and give corresponding theoretical explanations.Moreover,we investigate the autofocusing and self-healing effect of the retrieved CAB,which indicates that the properties and beam shape of CAB maintain well after storage.Our work will have potential applications in the storage of high-dimensional quantum information,and is also useful for improving the channel capacities of quantum internet.展开更多
A compact and broadband circularly polarized （CP） annular ring antenna with wide beam-width is proposed for multiple global navigation satellite systems （GNSS） in the L1 band. The annular ring is excited by two mo...A compact and broadband circularly polarized （CP） annular ring antenna with wide beam-width is proposed for multiple global navigation satellite systems （GNSS） in the L1 band. The annular ring is excited by two modified L-probes with quadrature phase difference. It has a 36.3% 10-dB return loss bandwidth and a 13% 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth, because of the orthogonal L-probes with 90° phase difference. The measured peak gain of the antenna is 3.9 dBic. It can detect the satellites at lower elevation as its half power beam-width （HPBW） is 113° in both the x-z and y-z planes, achieving a cross-polarization level of larger than 25 dB. Noticeably, the antenna achieves 89% size reduction compared with the conventional half wavelength patch antennas. It can be used in hand-held navigation devices of multiple GNSS such as COMPASS, Galileo, GPS and GLONASS.展开更多
In order to research the shear behavior of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforced concrete beam with circular cross section, based on the test results of 36 concrete beams subjected to four-point loading up ...In order to research the shear behavior of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforced concrete beam with circular cross section, based on the test results of 36 concrete beams subjected to four-point loading up to failure, the shear capacity and mechanical properties of deformation were analyzed comparatively between GFRP reinforced concrete (GFRP-RC) beams and steel reinforced concrete (steel-RC) beams. Furthermore, influencing factors of shear capacity of GFRP-RC beam with circular cross section were also investigated. The test results indicate that the failure modes of GFRP-RC and steel-RC beams are the same, but the crack patterns are slightly different. And, the shear capacity of GFRP-RC beam firstly increases with the reduction of shear span ratio, and then decreases. In addition, it was found that the influencing coefficient of GFRP on concrete increases with shear span ratio reducing.展开更多
Based on the Collins diffraction formula and by means of the expansion of a hard aperture function into a finite sum of complex Gaussian functions, two analytical approaches of the Finite Olver beams (FOBs) passing th...Based on the Collins diffraction formula and by means of the expansion of a hard aperture function into a finite sum of complex Gaussian functions, two analytical approaches of the Finite Olver beams (FOBs) passing through a paraxial ABCD optical system with a circular annular aperture or a rectangular one are developed in this paper. The propagation properties of the FOBs through an unapertured ABCD optical system or through this last with a circular (or rectangular) aperture or a circular (or rectangular) black screen are deduced, from the main results, as particular cases. Also, the characteristics of Finite ordinary Airy beam passing through the all considered optical systems are derived here that correspond to zeroth-order of the FOBs. According to the predicted formulas, computer simulation examples are given to deepen the understanding of the characteristics of the FOBs passing through some optical systems of annular aperture basis.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Pre-research Fund Project of Ministry of Equipment and Development of China though Program(No.61409230301)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities through Program(Nos.2019kfy XMPY005 and 2019kfy XKJC042)。
文摘The inherent drawbacks of selective laser melting technique including serious micro-pore and element microsegregation problems destroy the mechanical property of the component.To overcome this problem,a new approach,circular beam oscillation,was successfully applied in the SLMed Inconel 718 samples including single tracks,thin walls and cuboid samples.On one hand,circular beam oscillation reduces the micro-pores in molten pools and cuboid samples,increasing the relative density of the cuboid sample to 99.95%.On the other hand,circular beam oscillation suppresses the element microsegregation,reducing the formation of Laves phases in SLMed Inconel 718 samples.Moreover,circular beam oscillation enhances the<001>texture of thin walls and the<101>texture of cuboid samples.The improvement of formability and microstructure of the SLMed samples with oscillation is closely related to cooling rate,thermal gradient and stirring effect during the solidification process.Therefore,circular beam oscillation shows the possibility to overcome the key bottlenecks of the traditional SLM technology and to realize a further industrial application of SLM technology.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB4701200)Ningbo Municipal Key Projects of Science and Technology Innovation 2025 Plan(Grant No.2022Z070)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52205004).
文摘Variable stiffness mechanisms(VSMs)are a class of compliant mechanisms that can adjust their intrinsic stiffness,which promises to be beneficial in applications needed to interact with the environment,such as collaborative robots,wearable robots,and polishing robots.This paper presents the design and optimization of a novel linear VSM,called cLVSM,to produce linear motion,conversely to the majority of VSMs designed to perform rotary motion.By changing the effective length of specially designed circular beams,the cLVSM is capable of continuous stiffness regulation from a minimum value to almost rigid.Different from the VSMs which need rotation-to-translation converting mechanisms for stiffness regulation,the stiffness of the proposed design is adjusted by directly rotating the beams without the use of additional mechanisms,which contributes to improving the structural compactness,and reducing the energy loss and error in transmission.Moreover,the beam rotation needed to regulate the stiffness is almost perpendicular to the beam deflection force,which helps to reduce the torque needed for stiffness regulation.The stiffness model of the proposed VSM is developed using the screw theory,and the design parameters are optimized using the genetic algorithm.The effectiveness of the mathematical model and the performance of the design are verified by simulation and experiments.
文摘In this paper the problem of a circular beam subjected to radial impact by a rigid mass at its lip in its own plane is investigaleil on the basis of rigid-perfectly plastic assumption. The analytical solution of the particle velocities is obtained as the junction of travelling plastic hinge location. Ky analysing the solution, some special properties oj circular beam problem are found.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 11802072)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant HIT.NSRIF 2018032).
文摘A systematic numerical integration method is applied to the absolute nodal coordinate formulation(ANCF)fully parameterized beam element with smooth varying and continuous cross section.Moreover,the formulation for the integration points and weight coefficients are given in the method which is used to model the multilayer beam with a circular cross section.To negate the effect of the bending stiffness for the element used to model the high-voltage electrical wire,the general continuum mechanical approach is adjusted.Additionally,the insulation cover for some particular types of the wire is described by the nearly incompressible Mooney-Rivlin material model.Finally,a static problem is presented to prove the accuracy and convergence properties of the element,and a dynamic problem of a flexible pendulum is simulated whereby the balance of the energy can be ensured.An experiment is carried out in which a wire is released as a pendulum and falls on a steel rod.The configurations of the wire are captured by a high-speed camera and compared with the simulation results.The feasibility of the wire model can therefore be demonstrated.
基金supported by the National key Research and Development Plan of Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(2017YFC0404903).
文摘In the current research,an effective differential quadrature method(DQM)has been developed to solve natural frequency and vibration modal functions of circular section beams along radial functional gradient.Based on the high-order theory of transverse vibration of circular cross-section beams,lateral displacement equation was reconstructed neglecting circumferential shear stress.Two equations coupled with deflection and rotation angles were derived based on elastic mechanics theory and further simplified into a constant coefficient differential equation with natural frequency as eigenvalue.Then,differential quadrature method was applied to transform the eigenvalue problem of the derived differential equation into a set of algebraic equation eigenvalue problems.Natural frequencies of the free vibrations of cylindrical beams with circular cross-sections were calculated at one time,and corresponding modal functions were solved together.The obtained numerical results indicated that the natural frequencies of functionally graded(FG)circular cylindrical beams obtained using differential quadrature method agreed with the results reported in related literatures.In addition,influences of varying gradient parameters on the modal shapes of circular cylindrical beams were found to be strongly consistent with previous studies.Numerical results further validated the feasibility and accuracy of the developed differential quadrature method in solving the transverse vibration of FG circular cross-section beams.
文摘Tests of 4 simply supported unbonded prestressed truss concrete composite beams encased with circular steel tube were carried out. It is found that the ratio of the stress increment of the unbonded tendon to that of the tensile steel tube is 0.252 during the using stage,and the average crack space of beams depends on the ratio of the sum of the bottom chord steel tube's outside diameter and the secondary bottom chord steel tube's section area to the effective tensile concrete area. The coefficient of uneven crack distribution is 1.68 and the formula for the calculation of crack width is established. Test results indicate that the ultimate stress increment of unbonded tendon in the beams decreases in linearity with the increase of the composite reinforcement index β0. The pure bending region of beams accords with the plane section assumption from loading to failure. The calculation formula of ultimate stress increment of the unbonded tendon and the method to calculate the bearing capacity of normal section of beams have been presented. Besides,the method to calculate the stiffness of this sort of beams is brought forward as well.
基金Project supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘The realization of quantum storage of spatial light field is of great significance to the construction of high-dimensional quantum repeater.In this paper,we experimentally realize the storage and retrieval of circular Airy beams(CABs)by using theΛ-type three-level energy system based on the electromagnetically induced transparency in a hot rubidium atomic vapor cell.The weak probe beam field is modulated with phase distribution of CABs by a spatial light modulator.We store the probe circular Airy beam(CAB)into the rubidium atomic vapor cell and retrieve it after the demanded delay.We quantitatively analyze the storage results and give corresponding theoretical explanations.Moreover,we investigate the autofocusing and self-healing effect of the retrieved CAB,which indicates that the properties and beam shape of CAB maintain well after storage.Our work will have potential applications in the storage of high-dimensional quantum information,and is also useful for improving the channel capacities of quantum internet.
基金supported by the NSFC-Guangdong (Grant No.U1035002) and NSFC-NSAF (Grant No.10976010)National Key Project of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2009ZX03006-003)the Technology Key Projects of Guangdong Province of China (Grant Nos.2009A080207006 and 2009A080207002)
文摘A compact and broadband circularly polarized （CP） annular ring antenna with wide beam-width is proposed for multiple global navigation satellite systems （GNSS） in the L1 band. The annular ring is excited by two modified L-probes with quadrature phase difference. It has a 36.3% 10-dB return loss bandwidth and a 13% 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth, because of the orthogonal L-probes with 90° phase difference. The measured peak gain of the antenna is 3.9 dBic. It can detect the satellites at lower elevation as its half power beam-width （HPBW） is 113° in both the x-z and y-z planes, achieving a cross-polarization level of larger than 25 dB. Noticeably, the antenna achieves 89% size reduction compared with the conventional half wavelength patch antennas. It can be used in hand-held navigation devices of multiple GNSS such as COMPASS, Galileo, GPS and GLONASS.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51078318)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No.10-0667)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.SWJTU09CX006)
文摘In order to research the shear behavior of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforced concrete beam with circular cross section, based on the test results of 36 concrete beams subjected to four-point loading up to failure, the shear capacity and mechanical properties of deformation were analyzed comparatively between GFRP reinforced concrete (GFRP-RC) beams and steel reinforced concrete (steel-RC) beams. Furthermore, influencing factors of shear capacity of GFRP-RC beam with circular cross section were also investigated. The test results indicate that the failure modes of GFRP-RC and steel-RC beams are the same, but the crack patterns are slightly different. And, the shear capacity of GFRP-RC beam firstly increases with the reduction of shear span ratio, and then decreases. In addition, it was found that the influencing coefficient of GFRP on concrete increases with shear span ratio reducing.
文摘Based on the Collins diffraction formula and by means of the expansion of a hard aperture function into a finite sum of complex Gaussian functions, two analytical approaches of the Finite Olver beams (FOBs) passing through a paraxial ABCD optical system with a circular annular aperture or a rectangular one are developed in this paper. The propagation properties of the FOBs through an unapertured ABCD optical system or through this last with a circular (or rectangular) aperture or a circular (or rectangular) black screen are deduced, from the main results, as particular cases. Also, the characteristics of Finite ordinary Airy beam passing through the all considered optical systems are derived here that correspond to zeroth-order of the FOBs. According to the predicted formulas, computer simulation examples are given to deepen the understanding of the characteristics of the FOBs passing through some optical systems of annular aperture basis.
