Guided by the fundamental principles of the whole petroleum system,the control of tectonism,sedimentation,and diagenesis on hydrocarbon accumulation in a rifted basin is studied using the data of petroleum geology and...Guided by the fundamental principles of the whole petroleum system,the control of tectonism,sedimentation,and diagenesis on hydrocarbon accumulation in a rifted basin is studied using the data of petroleum geology and exploration of the second member of the Paleogene Kongdian Formation(Kong-2 Member)in the Cangdong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,China.It is clarified that the circle structure and circle effects are the marked features of a continental fault petroliferous basin,and they govern the orderly distribution of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons in the whole petroleum systems of the rifted basin.Tectonic circle zones control sedimentary circle zones,while sedimentary circle zones and diagenetic circle zones control the spatial distribution of favorable reservoirs,thereby determining the orderly distribution of hydrocarbon accumulations in various circles.A model for the integrated,systematic accumulation of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons under a multi-circle structure of the whole petroleum system of continental rifted basin has been developed.It reveals that each sag of the rifted basin is an independent whole petroleum system and circle system,which encompasses multiple orderly circles of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons controlled by the same source kitchen.From the outer circle to the middle circle and then to the inner circle,there is an orderly transition from structural and stratigraphic reservoirs,to lithological and structural-lithological reservoirs,and finally to tight oil/gas and shale oil/gas enrichment zones.The significant feature of the whole petroleum system is the orderly control of hydrocarbons by multi-circle stratigraphic coupling,with the integrated,orderly distribution of conventional and unconventional reserves being the inevitable result of the multi-layered interaction within the whole petroleum system.This concept of multi-circle stratigraphic coupling for the orderly,integrated accumulation of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons has guided significant breakthroughs in the overall,three-dimensional exploration and shale oil exploration in the Cangdong Sag.展开更多
From the development of modern transportation to the current era of high-speed transportation networks, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) region has always played a national leading role in land transportation developmen...From the development of modern transportation to the current era of high-speed transportation networks, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) region has always played a national leading role in land transportation development of China. In order to explore the long-term evolutionary characteristics of land transportation in the BTH region, this paper utilized a temporal scale of 100 years to systematically interpret the development process of the land transportation network. Taking 13 cities within the BTH region as research anchor cities, we took into account "leaping" mode of transportation in order to investigate the evolution of accessibility. Our research shows the following results:(1) The land transportation network in the BTH region has undergone five stages of development: the initial period of modernization(1881–1937); the period of stagnation of transportation development(1937–1949); the network expansion period(1949–1980); the period of trunk construction(1980–1995), and the period of high-speed transportation network development(1995–present). The network structure centered around Beijing has existed from the outset of modern transportation development.(2) The accessibility spatial pattern of land transportation in BTH region has evolved from expansion along traffic corridors to the formation of concentric circles. The stratified circular structure of transportation in anchor cities has gradually developed into a contiguous development pattern.(3) There are clear hierarchical differences in the transportation structures of anchor cities. Beijing has always been at the top of this hierarchy, while the hierarchical position of Zhangjiakou has fallen noticeably since 1949. The Beijing-Tianjin region was the first region to form a short-duration transportation circle structure, while the transportation advantages of the central part of Hebei Province, which is located in the center of the BTH transportation region, have yet to be realized.展开更多
Sugar is important in daily food intake since it is used as food preservative and sweetener.Therefore,is important to analyze the influence of sugar on the spectroscopic properties of the sample.Terahertz spectroscopy...Sugar is important in daily food intake since it is used as food preservative and sweetener.Therefore,is important to analyze the influence of sugar on the spectroscopic properties of the sample.Terahertz spectroscopy is proven to be useful and an efficient method for sugar detection as well as for future food quality industry.However,the lack of detection sensitivity in Terahertz Spectroscopy has prevented it from being used in a widespread spectroscopic analysis technology.In this paper,Frequency Selective Surface(FSS)using the Terahertz Spectroscopy Time Domain Spectrum(THz-TDS)which operates at terahertz frequency range has been demonstrated for application of sugar detection.The FSS is designed with a circle slot structure and has been optimized in line with the molecular resonance of glucose and fructose at different level concentration at 1.98 THz and 1.80 THz,respectively.Transmission magnitude of glucose and sucrose is inversely proportional with the level of sugar concentrations.The realization of the FSS structure is using electron beam lithography and wet etching technique.Results show that the FSS performance for glucose and sucrose reveal fair shifts in measured transmission magnitude from its original in CST by approximately 30%.The use of fabricated FSS with circle structure indicates that the concentration can be improved averagely at 25%for glucose and 13%for sucrose.Thus,it shows that the FSS circle structure combined with THz-TDS has the potential to become an alternative method for food sensing technology in the future.展开更多
This work presents an integrated multi-quantum well (MQW)optoelectronic sensor leveraging III-nitride materials for multifunctionality on a monolithic chip. The sensor was fabricated usingstandard microfabrication tec...This work presents an integrated multi-quantum well (MQW)optoelectronic sensor leveraging III-nitride materials for multifunctionality on a monolithic chip. The sensor was fabricated usingstandard microfabrication techniques and adopted the identicalInGaN/GaN MQWs, which enables simultaneous emission anddetection. The sensor is featured with a double concentric circlestructure which supports both on-chip and off-chip detectionmechanisms, being capable of detecting environmental parameterslike rotational speed, proximity, and sucrose concentration. It exhibits stable photocurrent response to rotational speed up to8000 rpm, a 3 cm vertical detection range, and a linear responsewith 3.9 nA/% sensitivity to changes in sucrose concentration,which demonstrates the potential for diverse applications in industrial and biomedical fields.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2024ZD1400101)China National Key Research and Development Project(2022YFF0801204)Major Science and Technology Project of CNPC(2023ZZ15YJ01,2021DJ0702)。
文摘Guided by the fundamental principles of the whole petroleum system,the control of tectonism,sedimentation,and diagenesis on hydrocarbon accumulation in a rifted basin is studied using the data of petroleum geology and exploration of the second member of the Paleogene Kongdian Formation(Kong-2 Member)in the Cangdong Sag,Bohai Bay Basin,China.It is clarified that the circle structure and circle effects are the marked features of a continental fault petroliferous basin,and they govern the orderly distribution of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons in the whole petroleum systems of the rifted basin.Tectonic circle zones control sedimentary circle zones,while sedimentary circle zones and diagenetic circle zones control the spatial distribution of favorable reservoirs,thereby determining the orderly distribution of hydrocarbon accumulations in various circles.A model for the integrated,systematic accumulation of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons under a multi-circle structure of the whole petroleum system of continental rifted basin has been developed.It reveals that each sag of the rifted basin is an independent whole petroleum system and circle system,which encompasses multiple orderly circles of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons controlled by the same source kitchen.From the outer circle to the middle circle and then to the inner circle,there is an orderly transition from structural and stratigraphic reservoirs,to lithological and structural-lithological reservoirs,and finally to tight oil/gas and shale oil/gas enrichment zones.The significant feature of the whole petroleum system is the orderly control of hydrocarbons by multi-circle stratigraphic coupling,with the integrated,orderly distribution of conventional and unconventional reserves being the inevitable result of the multi-layered interaction within the whole petroleum system.This concept of multi-circle stratigraphic coupling for the orderly,integrated accumulation of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons has guided significant breakthroughs in the overall,three-dimensional exploration and shale oil exploration in the Cangdong Sag.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41701122,No.41430635China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2017M611854,No.2016M600356
文摘From the development of modern transportation to the current era of high-speed transportation networks, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH) region has always played a national leading role in land transportation development of China. In order to explore the long-term evolutionary characteristics of land transportation in the BTH region, this paper utilized a temporal scale of 100 years to systematically interpret the development process of the land transportation network. Taking 13 cities within the BTH region as research anchor cities, we took into account "leaping" mode of transportation in order to investigate the evolution of accessibility. Our research shows the following results:(1) The land transportation network in the BTH region has undergone five stages of development: the initial period of modernization(1881–1937); the period of stagnation of transportation development(1937–1949); the network expansion period(1949–1980); the period of trunk construction(1980–1995), and the period of high-speed transportation network development(1995–present). The network structure centered around Beijing has existed from the outset of modern transportation development.(2) The accessibility spatial pattern of land transportation in BTH region has evolved from expansion along traffic corridors to the formation of concentric circles. The stratified circular structure of transportation in anchor cities has gradually developed into a contiguous development pattern.(3) There are clear hierarchical differences in the transportation structures of anchor cities. Beijing has always been at the top of this hierarchy, while the hierarchical position of Zhangjiakou has fallen noticeably since 1949. The Beijing-Tianjin region was the first region to form a short-duration transportation circle structure, while the transportation advantages of the central part of Hebei Province, which is located in the center of the BTH transportation region, have yet to be realized.
基金This research was supported by Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia(MOHE)through Fundamental Research Grant Scheme,FRGS/1/2017/TK04/UTHM/02/13Postgraduate Research Scheme,GPPS VOT H026.
文摘Sugar is important in daily food intake since it is used as food preservative and sweetener.Therefore,is important to analyze the influence of sugar on the spectroscopic properties of the sample.Terahertz spectroscopy is proven to be useful and an efficient method for sugar detection as well as for future food quality industry.However,the lack of detection sensitivity in Terahertz Spectroscopy has prevented it from being used in a widespread spectroscopic analysis technology.In this paper,Frequency Selective Surface(FSS)using the Terahertz Spectroscopy Time Domain Spectrum(THz-TDS)which operates at terahertz frequency range has been demonstrated for application of sugar detection.The FSS is designed with a circle slot structure and has been optimized in line with the molecular resonance of glucose and fructose at different level concentration at 1.98 THz and 1.80 THz,respectively.Transmission magnitude of glucose and sucrose is inversely proportional with the level of sugar concentrations.The realization of the FSS structure is using electron beam lithography and wet etching technique.Results show that the FSS performance for glucose and sucrose reveal fair shifts in measured transmission magnitude from its original in CST by approximately 30%.The use of fabricated FSS with circle structure indicates that the concentration can be improved averagely at 25%for glucose and 13%for sucrose.Thus,it shows that the FSS circle structure combined with THz-TDS has the potential to become an alternative method for food sensing technology in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62274096)Natural Science Research of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(22KJA510003)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(92367302)Jiangsu Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(BK20220054).
文摘This work presents an integrated multi-quantum well (MQW)optoelectronic sensor leveraging III-nitride materials for multifunctionality on a monolithic chip. The sensor was fabricated usingstandard microfabrication techniques and adopted the identicalInGaN/GaN MQWs, which enables simultaneous emission anddetection. The sensor is featured with a double concentric circlestructure which supports both on-chip and off-chip detectionmechanisms, being capable of detecting environmental parameterslike rotational speed, proximity, and sucrose concentration. It exhibits stable photocurrent response to rotational speed up to8000 rpm, a 3 cm vertical detection range, and a linear responsewith 3.9 nA/% sensitivity to changes in sucrose concentration,which demonstrates the potential for diverse applications in industrial and biomedical fields.
