The general objective of our study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological aspects of anxiety disorders. This was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study, lasting 5 years, from January 01, 2019 to D...The general objective of our study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological aspects of anxiety disorders. This was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study, lasting 5 years, from January 01, 2019 to December 31, 2023, on 225 patients seen in consultation for anxiety disorders in the department. The prevalence of anxiety disorders was 2.5% in consultation. The 20 - 29 age group was the most represented at 33.3%. Females were slightly represented at 55.1%, with a sex ratio of 1.2. The secondary level was the most affected, accounting for 36.4% of cases. Insomnia was the most frequent reason for consultation, accounting for 71.1% of cases. A larger general population study would be necessary to better assess the extent of anxiety disorders in Guinea.展开更多
This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the costume culture in the translation of Chu Ci,an influential work of Chinese literature.It examines the unique features of Chu Ci’s costume culture,including its histo...This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the costume culture in the translation of Chu Ci,an influential work of Chinese literature.It examines the unique features of Chu Ci’s costume culture,including its historical and cultural significance,as well as the role of literary imagery in expressing cultural symbolism.The paper also delves into the challenges faced by translators in translating Chu Ci’s highly symbolic costumes and delivering their cultural connotations.The analysis provides insights into the issues of polysemy and translation choices,which are significant obstacles that require careful consideration of contextual usage to achieve meaningful translations.Furthermore,the paper highlights the importance of humanistic implications in interpreting Chu Ci’s costume culture,with the aim of promoting the appreciation and understanding of traditional Chinese culture worldwide.展开更多
This study examines the translation methods employed by Xu Yuanchong in his English translation of the Chu ci with a specific focus on the treatment of reduplicatives.Reduplicatives in the Chinese language,known for t...This study examines the translation methods employed by Xu Yuanchong in his English translation of the Chu ci with a specific focus on the treatment of reduplicatives.Reduplicatives in the Chinese language,known for their intricate nature of meaning and rhythmic qualities,pose a great challenge in translation due to the lack of equivalent structures in English.The paper investigates how Xu Yuanchong navigates these challenges by employing various strategies,including repetition,onomatopoeia,paraphrase,and literal translation without formal equivalence.Through an analysis of selected examples,the research highlights the difficulties of balancing Xu’s Three Beauties Principle,namely the beauty in sense,sound,and form in translating reduplicatives.The research findings are that,while Xu’s translations sometimes require compromises in sound and form,his nuanced approach ensures that the essence and emotional depth of the original text are effectively conveyed to target readers.This study may contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexities involved in translating classical Chinese poetry and offer insights into the interplay between linguistic and cultural elements in literary translation.展开更多
Introduction: Oesophageal mycosis (OM) is one of the most common opportunistic infections in patients infected with HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). However, this condition is increasingly observed in immunocompete...Introduction: Oesophageal mycosis (OM) is one of the most common opportunistic infections in patients infected with HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). However, this condition is increasingly observed in immunocompetent subjects. The aim of this study was to determine the endoscopic prevalence, clinical characteristics and risk factors for the occurrence of oesophageal mycosis in our department. Patients and Method: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of all patients who underwent oeso-gastroduodenal fibroscopy during the period from 1<sup>st </sup>January to 31<sup>st</sup> December 2022, i.e. one year, at the digestive endoscopy unit of the hepato-gastroenterology department of the Donka CHU national hospital in Conakry. All patients found to have oesophageal mycosis by FOGD were included. The endoscopy was performed using appropriate equipment: A Fujinon 4400 video endoscopy column;Three Fujinon EG 590 video gastroscopes;A hoover;Data were collected using a pre-established survey form and analysed using Epi info software version 6.0.4;Pearson’s Chi2 test as a test of independence and the exact 5% threshold ficher test. Results: Out of 1343 upper gastrointestinal endoscopies performed, 107 cases of oesophageal mycosis were found, representing a prevalence of 7.96%. The mean age was 40 years, with a male predominance of 55.42%. The sex ratio M/F was 1.24. The 45 and over age group was the most affected, with a prevalence of 40.43%, followed by the [35 - 45] age group, with a prevalence of 22.43%. Clinical symptoms were dominated by epigastralgia in 74.76% of cases, followed by odynophagia in 37.38% of cases, nausea and vomiting in 28.03% of cases, and pyrosis in 26.16% of cases. Oesophageal mycosis without oesophagitis was the most common endoscopic finding in 70% of cases. The main associated endoscopic lesions were erythemato-erosive and congestive gastropathy in 28.03% of cases, peptic oesophagitis (9.34%) and gastric ulcer (5.60%). The main risk factors found were positive HIV serology in 39.25% of cases, and diabetes in 24.30% of cases, with a statistically significant relationship of 0.02 and 0.01 respectively. Conclusion: Oesophageal mycosis is the most common opportunistic infection in patients with impaired cellular immunity. The prevalence of oesophageal mycosis in our series was 7.96%. This study enabled us to identify the main risk factors for the occurrence of oesophageal mycosis. Our country needs to step up its programme to combat and prevent immunodeficiency diseases, particularly HIV and diabetes.展开更多
Introduction: Fibroscan is a recent, non-invasive and non-irradiating diagnostic method. It is based on the principle of ultrasound, which enables liver tissue elasticity to be quantified using a probe, and fibrosis t...Introduction: Fibroscan is a recent, non-invasive and non-irradiating diagnostic method. It is based on the principle of ultrasound, which enables liver tissue elasticity to be quantified using a probe, and fibrosis to be assessed. Fibroscan measures both elasticity correlated with hepatic fibrosis and CAP correlated with steatosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate hepatic fibrosis and steatosis using pulse elastometry (Fibroscan/CAP). Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study in which 170 patients were included. It was conducted from October 1 2021 to December 31 2023, i.e. 27 months, in an outpatient clinic in the hepato-gastroenterology department of the Donka national hospital of the CHU Conakry. Results: Of the 170 patients identified, 87 were male (51%) and 83 female (49%), giving a M/F sex ratio of 1.04. The average age of our patients was 40. The 30 - 50 age group was the most affected, with a frequency of 58.23% (n = 99), followed by the 50 age group with a frequency of 29.41% (n = 50). Hepatomegaly, steatotic liver on ultrasonography, transaminase elevation and obesity were the main indications, respectively: (21.76%), (17.65%), (14.71%), and (13.53%). The examinations were requested by hepatogastroenterologists (47.06%), diabetologists (35.88%) and general practitioners (29%). Of the 170 patients, 100 patients (58.82%) had no significant fibrosis F0F1, 39 (22.94%) had moderate fibrosis F2, 20 patients (11.76%) had severe fibrosis F3 and 11 patients (6.47%) had fibrosis F4. Hepatic steatosis: 62 patients (36.47%) had no S0 steatosis;29.41% had S1 steatosis, 20% had S2 steatosis and 24 patients (14.11%) had S3 steatosis. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a normal liver in 67.05% of patients, hepatic steatosis in 29.41% and non-decompensated cirrhosis in 6 cases. Thus, 108 patients had the parameters required to calculate the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), steatosis was present in 20% of our patients, while 29.41% had an undetermined status and 24 14.11% had a normal FLI. Conclusion: Identifying subjects at risk of metabolic steatopathy, diagnosing and managing these patients is a public health issue and one of the future challenges of hepato-gastroenterology. Fibroscan is an increasingly popular screening tool for hepatic fibrosis and steatosis. The fight against obesity must be a priority.展开更多
Background: In Togo, the maternal mortality rate in 2017 was estimated at 396/100,000 live births. Maternal death before admission is an increasingly growing phenomenon in the gynecology-obstetrics clinic of the CHU S...Background: In Togo, the maternal mortality rate in 2017 was estimated at 396/100,000 live births. Maternal death before admission is an increasingly growing phenomenon in the gynecology-obstetrics clinic of the CHU SO. No epidemiological data is available on the subject. Objective: Determine the epidemiological and etiological profiles of a pregnant, parturient, or woman who has given birth dead before or within 10 minutes of her admission. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2021. All maternal deaths occurring before admission and within 10 minutes of admission to the clinic were included in the study of gynecology and obstetrics at CHU SO. The data were processed by Epi info version 7 software. Results: In total, 654 maternal deaths, including 153 maternal deaths before admission, were recorded, corresponding to 23.4% of all maternal deaths. The median age was 30.2 years. 37.2% of women were uneducated. 41.2% were resellers. 79.1% of women were cohabiting. 47.1% of women had performed less than 3 ANC. 43.8% of the women who died had completed their ANC in a medical center. 54.3% by a midwife, 37.3% by unqualified personnel. 62.7% of deaths occurred postpartum and 36.3% during pregnancy. 79.1% were referrals. 88.9% of the women who died arrived in a non-medical taxi car. Among the 57 patients who died during their pregnancy, 40.3% were carrying a pregnancy of 28 to 36 weeks, and 36.3% were full-term pregnancies. Among the 96 women who died postpartum, 93.3% had given birth vaginally. Among the 121 referrals, 34.7% came from a birthing center, 56.2% were referred by a state midwife and 30.6% by unqualified personnel;46.3% were referred without a reference form, 94.3% were referred without venous access. In 10.7%, the reason for evacuation was bleeding from the delivery, with an average evacuation time of one-hour 5minutes. 60.3% of women who died had an evacuation delay of more than one hour. 94.8% of patients died of direct obstetric causes, including immediate postpartum hemorrhage in 60.1% of cases. Conclusion: Deaths before admission constitute an increasingly growing problem at CHU SO. A late referral is a determining factor in maternal deaths before admission.展开更多
Introduction: Undetected refractive errors constitute a health problem among school children who cannot take advantage of educational opportunities. The authors studied the prevalence of refractive errors in school ch...Introduction: Undetected refractive errors constitute a health problem among school children who cannot take advantage of educational opportunities. The authors studied the prevalence of refractive errors in school children aged 5 to 15 at CHU-IOTA. Patients and Method: This is a prospective, descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the ophthalmic-pediatrics department of CHU-IOTA, from October to November 2023. Results: We received 340 school children aged 5 to 15, among whom 111 presented ametropia, i.e. a prevalence of 32.65%. The average age was 11.42 ± 2.75 years and a sex ratio of 0.59. The average visual acuity was 4/10 (range 1/10 and 10/10). We found refractive defects: astigmatism 73.87%, hyperopia 23.87% of cases and myopia 2.25%. The decline in distance visual acuity was the most common functional sign. Ocular abnormalities associated with ametropia were dominated by allergic conjunctivitis (26.13%) and papillary excavation (6.31%) in astigmatics;allergic conjunctivitis (9.01%) and papillary excavation (7.20%) in hyperopic patients;turbid vitreous (0.90%), myopic choroidosis (0.45%) and allergic conjunctivitis (0.45%) in myopes. Conclusion: Refractive errors constitute a reality and a major public health problem among school children.展开更多
文摘The general objective of our study was to describe the clinical and epidemiological aspects of anxiety disorders. This was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study, lasting 5 years, from January 01, 2019 to December 31, 2023, on 225 patients seen in consultation for anxiety disorders in the department. The prevalence of anxiety disorders was 2.5% in consultation. The 20 - 29 age group was the most represented at 33.3%. Females were slightly represented at 55.1%, with a sex ratio of 1.2. The secondary level was the most affected, accounting for 36.4% of cases. Insomnia was the most frequent reason for consultation, accounting for 71.1% of cases. A larger general population study would be necessary to better assess the extent of anxiety disorders in Guinea.
基金sponsored by the research project fund of Hubei Provincial Department of Education as Young Scholars Program in Humanities and Social Sciences(Project No.18Q084)the Ministry of Education humanities social sciences research project(Project No.21YJC740083)the State Scholarship Fund from China Scholarship Council(CSC No.202108420189).
文摘This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of the costume culture in the translation of Chu Ci,an influential work of Chinese literature.It examines the unique features of Chu Ci’s costume culture,including its historical and cultural significance,as well as the role of literary imagery in expressing cultural symbolism.The paper also delves into the challenges faced by translators in translating Chu Ci’s highly symbolic costumes and delivering their cultural connotations.The analysis provides insights into the issues of polysemy and translation choices,which are significant obstacles that require careful consideration of contextual usage to achieve meaningful translations.Furthermore,the paper highlights the importance of humanistic implications in interpreting Chu Ci’s costume culture,with the aim of promoting the appreciation and understanding of traditional Chinese culture worldwide.
文摘This study examines the translation methods employed by Xu Yuanchong in his English translation of the Chu ci with a specific focus on the treatment of reduplicatives.Reduplicatives in the Chinese language,known for their intricate nature of meaning and rhythmic qualities,pose a great challenge in translation due to the lack of equivalent structures in English.The paper investigates how Xu Yuanchong navigates these challenges by employing various strategies,including repetition,onomatopoeia,paraphrase,and literal translation without formal equivalence.Through an analysis of selected examples,the research highlights the difficulties of balancing Xu’s Three Beauties Principle,namely the beauty in sense,sound,and form in translating reduplicatives.The research findings are that,while Xu’s translations sometimes require compromises in sound and form,his nuanced approach ensures that the essence and emotional depth of the original text are effectively conveyed to target readers.This study may contribute to a deeper understanding of the complexities involved in translating classical Chinese poetry and offer insights into the interplay between linguistic and cultural elements in literary translation.
文摘Introduction: Oesophageal mycosis (OM) is one of the most common opportunistic infections in patients infected with HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus). However, this condition is increasingly observed in immunocompetent subjects. The aim of this study was to determine the endoscopic prevalence, clinical characteristics and risk factors for the occurrence of oesophageal mycosis in our department. Patients and Method: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of all patients who underwent oeso-gastroduodenal fibroscopy during the period from 1<sup>st </sup>January to 31<sup>st</sup> December 2022, i.e. one year, at the digestive endoscopy unit of the hepato-gastroenterology department of the Donka CHU national hospital in Conakry. All patients found to have oesophageal mycosis by FOGD were included. The endoscopy was performed using appropriate equipment: A Fujinon 4400 video endoscopy column;Three Fujinon EG 590 video gastroscopes;A hoover;Data were collected using a pre-established survey form and analysed using Epi info software version 6.0.4;Pearson’s Chi2 test as a test of independence and the exact 5% threshold ficher test. Results: Out of 1343 upper gastrointestinal endoscopies performed, 107 cases of oesophageal mycosis were found, representing a prevalence of 7.96%. The mean age was 40 years, with a male predominance of 55.42%. The sex ratio M/F was 1.24. The 45 and over age group was the most affected, with a prevalence of 40.43%, followed by the [35 - 45] age group, with a prevalence of 22.43%. Clinical symptoms were dominated by epigastralgia in 74.76% of cases, followed by odynophagia in 37.38% of cases, nausea and vomiting in 28.03% of cases, and pyrosis in 26.16% of cases. Oesophageal mycosis without oesophagitis was the most common endoscopic finding in 70% of cases. The main associated endoscopic lesions were erythemato-erosive and congestive gastropathy in 28.03% of cases, peptic oesophagitis (9.34%) and gastric ulcer (5.60%). The main risk factors found were positive HIV serology in 39.25% of cases, and diabetes in 24.30% of cases, with a statistically significant relationship of 0.02 and 0.01 respectively. Conclusion: Oesophageal mycosis is the most common opportunistic infection in patients with impaired cellular immunity. The prevalence of oesophageal mycosis in our series was 7.96%. This study enabled us to identify the main risk factors for the occurrence of oesophageal mycosis. Our country needs to step up its programme to combat and prevent immunodeficiency diseases, particularly HIV and diabetes.
文摘Introduction: Fibroscan is a recent, non-invasive and non-irradiating diagnostic method. It is based on the principle of ultrasound, which enables liver tissue elasticity to be quantified using a probe, and fibrosis to be assessed. Fibroscan measures both elasticity correlated with hepatic fibrosis and CAP correlated with steatosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate hepatic fibrosis and steatosis using pulse elastometry (Fibroscan/CAP). Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study in which 170 patients were included. It was conducted from October 1 2021 to December 31 2023, i.e. 27 months, in an outpatient clinic in the hepato-gastroenterology department of the Donka national hospital of the CHU Conakry. Results: Of the 170 patients identified, 87 were male (51%) and 83 female (49%), giving a M/F sex ratio of 1.04. The average age of our patients was 40. The 30 - 50 age group was the most affected, with a frequency of 58.23% (n = 99), followed by the 50 age group with a frequency of 29.41% (n = 50). Hepatomegaly, steatotic liver on ultrasonography, transaminase elevation and obesity were the main indications, respectively: (21.76%), (17.65%), (14.71%), and (13.53%). The examinations were requested by hepatogastroenterologists (47.06%), diabetologists (35.88%) and general practitioners (29%). Of the 170 patients, 100 patients (58.82%) had no significant fibrosis F0F1, 39 (22.94%) had moderate fibrosis F2, 20 patients (11.76%) had severe fibrosis F3 and 11 patients (6.47%) had fibrosis F4. Hepatic steatosis: 62 patients (36.47%) had no S0 steatosis;29.41% had S1 steatosis, 20% had S2 steatosis and 24 patients (14.11%) had S3 steatosis. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a normal liver in 67.05% of patients, hepatic steatosis in 29.41% and non-decompensated cirrhosis in 6 cases. Thus, 108 patients had the parameters required to calculate the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), steatosis was present in 20% of our patients, while 29.41% had an undetermined status and 24 14.11% had a normal FLI. Conclusion: Identifying subjects at risk of metabolic steatopathy, diagnosing and managing these patients is a public health issue and one of the future challenges of hepato-gastroenterology. Fibroscan is an increasingly popular screening tool for hepatic fibrosis and steatosis. The fight against obesity must be a priority.
文摘Background: In Togo, the maternal mortality rate in 2017 was estimated at 396/100,000 live births. Maternal death before admission is an increasingly growing phenomenon in the gynecology-obstetrics clinic of the CHU SO. No epidemiological data is available on the subject. Objective: Determine the epidemiological and etiological profiles of a pregnant, parturient, or woman who has given birth dead before or within 10 minutes of her admission. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2021. All maternal deaths occurring before admission and within 10 minutes of admission to the clinic were included in the study of gynecology and obstetrics at CHU SO. The data were processed by Epi info version 7 software. Results: In total, 654 maternal deaths, including 153 maternal deaths before admission, were recorded, corresponding to 23.4% of all maternal deaths. The median age was 30.2 years. 37.2% of women were uneducated. 41.2% were resellers. 79.1% of women were cohabiting. 47.1% of women had performed less than 3 ANC. 43.8% of the women who died had completed their ANC in a medical center. 54.3% by a midwife, 37.3% by unqualified personnel. 62.7% of deaths occurred postpartum and 36.3% during pregnancy. 79.1% were referrals. 88.9% of the women who died arrived in a non-medical taxi car. Among the 57 patients who died during their pregnancy, 40.3% were carrying a pregnancy of 28 to 36 weeks, and 36.3% were full-term pregnancies. Among the 96 women who died postpartum, 93.3% had given birth vaginally. Among the 121 referrals, 34.7% came from a birthing center, 56.2% were referred by a state midwife and 30.6% by unqualified personnel;46.3% were referred without a reference form, 94.3% were referred without venous access. In 10.7%, the reason for evacuation was bleeding from the delivery, with an average evacuation time of one-hour 5minutes. 60.3% of women who died had an evacuation delay of more than one hour. 94.8% of patients died of direct obstetric causes, including immediate postpartum hemorrhage in 60.1% of cases. Conclusion: Deaths before admission constitute an increasingly growing problem at CHU SO. A late referral is a determining factor in maternal deaths before admission.
文摘Introduction: Undetected refractive errors constitute a health problem among school children who cannot take advantage of educational opportunities. The authors studied the prevalence of refractive errors in school children aged 5 to 15 at CHU-IOTA. Patients and Method: This is a prospective, descriptive cross-sectional study carried out in the ophthalmic-pediatrics department of CHU-IOTA, from October to November 2023. Results: We received 340 school children aged 5 to 15, among whom 111 presented ametropia, i.e. a prevalence of 32.65%. The average age was 11.42 ± 2.75 years and a sex ratio of 0.59. The average visual acuity was 4/10 (range 1/10 and 10/10). We found refractive defects: astigmatism 73.87%, hyperopia 23.87% of cases and myopia 2.25%. The decline in distance visual acuity was the most common functional sign. Ocular abnormalities associated with ametropia were dominated by allergic conjunctivitis (26.13%) and papillary excavation (6.31%) in astigmatics;allergic conjunctivitis (9.01%) and papillary excavation (7.20%) in hyperopic patients;turbid vitreous (0.90%), myopic choroidosis (0.45%) and allergic conjunctivitis (0.45%) in myopes. Conclusion: Refractive errors constitute a reality and a major public health problem among school children.
