AIM: To investigate the effect of chitooligosaccharides on proliferation of pancreatic islet cells, release of insulin and 2 h plasma glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.METHODS: In vitro, the effect of ch...AIM: To investigate the effect of chitooligosaccharides on proliferation of pancreatic islet cells, release of insulin and 2 h plasma glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.METHODS: In vitro, the effect of chitooligosaccharides on proliferation of pancreatic islet cells and release of insulin was detected with optical microscopy, colorimetric assay, and radioimmunoassay respectively. In vivo, the general clinical symptoms, 2 h plasma glucose, urine glucose, oral glucose tolerance were examined after sixty days of feeding study to determine the effect of chitooligosaccharides in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. RESULTS: Chitooligosaccharides could effectively accelerate the proliferation of pancreatic islet cells. Chitooligosaccharides (100 mg/L) had direct and prominent effect on pancreastic β cells and insulin release from islet cells. All concentrations of chitooligosaccharides could improve the general clinical symptoms of diabetic rats, decrease the 2 h plasma glucose and urine glucose, and normalize the disorders of glucose tolerance.CONCLUSION: Chitooligosaccharides possess various biological activities and can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.展开更多
Objective: To observe the anti-proliferation and radiosensitization effect of chitooligosaccharides(COS) on human lung cancer cell line Hep G2. Methods: CCK-8 assay was employed to obtain the inhibition ratio of COS o...Objective: To observe the anti-proliferation and radiosensitization effect of chitooligosaccharides(COS) on human lung cancer cell line Hep G2. Methods: CCK-8 assay was employed to obtain the inhibition ratio of COS on Hep G2 cells at 24 h after treatment. The clonogenic assay was used to analyze the cell viability of RAY group and RAY+COS group with X-ray of 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy, and the cell survival curve was used to analyze the sensitization ratio of COS. Flow cytometry was employed to detect cell cycle and apoptosis rate in control group, RAY group and RAY+COS group after 24 h treatment. Results: COS inhibited the proliferation of Hep G2 cells, and the inhibition rate positively correlated with the concentration of COS. The cell viability decreased with increasing exposure dose in RAY group and RAY+COS group. The cell viabilities of RAY+COS group were lower than those of RAY group at the dose of 4, 6 and 8 Gy(P<0.05), and the sensitization ratio of COS was 1.19. There were higher percentage at G2/M phase and apoptosis rate, and lower percentage at S phase in RAY+COS group versus the other two groups(P<0.01). Conclusions: COS can inhibit the proliferation of Hep G2 cells, and enhance the radiosensitization of Hep G2 cells, induce apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest.展开更多
Objective:To observe the chitooligosaccharides(COS) effect on the proliferation inhibition and radiosensitivity of three types of human gastric cancer cell line.Mothods:CCK-8 assay was employed to obtain the inhibitio...Objective:To observe the chitooligosaccharides(COS) effect on the proliferation inhibition and radiosensitivity of three types of human gastric cancer cell line.Mothods:CCK-8 assay was employed to obtain the inhibition ratio of COS on BGC823 cells,MKN45 cells and SGC7901 cells at 48 h after treatment and the proliferation-inhibition curve was drawn with the inhibition ratio of COS on three types of cells.The clonogenic assay was used to detect the cell viability of 0,1,2,4,6 and 8 Gy(6 dose grades) in RAY group and RAY+COS group after X-ray,and the cell survival curve was used to analyze the sensitization enhancement ratio of COS.Flow cytometry was employed to detect cell cycle and apoptosis rate in control group,RAY group and RAY+COS group after 48 h treatment.Results:COS inhibited the proliferation of three types of cells.The inhibition rate was positively correlated with the concentration of COS,and the susceptibility of MKN45 cells,SGC7901 cells and BGC823 cells to COS decreased in turn.The cell viability decreased gradually with the increasing radiation dose in RAY group and RAY+COS group(P<0.01).The cell viabilities of RAY+COS group were lower than those of RAY group at all the dose grades under X-ray exposure(P<0.01),and the sensitization enhancement ratios of COS on BGC823 cells,MKN45 cells and SGC7901 cells were 1.06,1.28 and 1.15 respectively.In controlled trials,apoptosis rate and percentage in the G_2/M phase of three types of cells in RAY+COS group were higher than those in control group and RAY group,and percentage in the S phase and the G_0/G_1 phase in RAY+COS group were lower than those in the other two groups(P<0.01).Conclusions:COS can inhibit the proliferation of three types of human gastric cancer cells and enhance the radiosensitivity by inducing apoptosis and G_2/M phase arrest.展开更多
Phytopathogenic fungi cause heavy negative impact on the agricultural economy,but most existing fungicides are toxic and pose a threat to both human health and environments.A green and efficient fungicide is urgently ...Phytopathogenic fungi cause heavy negative impact on the agricultural economy,but most existing fungicides are toxic and pose a threat to both human health and environments.A green and efficient fungicide is urgently needed.Chitooligosaccharides(COSs),the degradation products of natural polysaccharide chitosan,are nontoxic and biodegradable antifungal substances.In this study,a novel type of aminourea chitooligosaccharide derivatives(AUCOS)was synthesized by successively grafting a hydrazine group and an amine-carbonyl group onto a chitooligosaccharide backbone to enhance the antifungal capability of COSs.The structures of the target compounds were identified by FTIR,1H NMR,and 13C NMR,and the degree of substitution of each product was calculated from the results of the elemental analysis.The antifungal activities of the prepared chitooligosaccharide derivatives against Fusarium solani,Verticillium albo-atrum and Phytophthora capsici were tested in vitro.The AUCOSs had better inhibitory efficiencies against the three plant pathogen fungi than that of chitooligosaccharide,of which aminourea chitooligosaccharide 2(AUCOS2)was the most promising antifungal compound,whose highest inhibition rates were 60.12%,82.95%,and 85.23%against F.solani,V.albo-atrum and P.capsici,respectively.The synthesized derivatives have good application prospects in crop protection and deserve further research.展开更多
The inhibition effect of chitooligosaccharides from housefly larvae on pathogens ofcrops seeds, fruits or vegetables was studied and the main factors influencing theantimicrobial activity of chitooligosaccharides were...The inhibition effect of chitooligosaccharides from housefly larvae on pathogens ofcrops seeds, fruits or vegetables was studied and the main factors influencing theantimicrobial activity of chitooligosaccharides were also investigated. It was foundthat chitooligosaccharides from housefly larvae had wide spectrum fungistasis. It canstrongly inhibit the development of 31 kinds of plant pathogenic fungi such as corticiumrolfsii Saccardo. The results indicated that the degree of deacelylation (DD) or theaverage molecular weight(MW)of chitooligosaccharides were related to the antimicrobialactivity. The antimicrobial activity increased with the rising of DD or the declining ofMW. Pot culture results showed that chitooligosaccharide could enhance the rate ofgermination and emergence of the seeds of maize, wheat and cotton. Chitooligosaccharidehad certain effect on corn southern leaf blight caused by Helminthosporium maydis.展开更多
To investigate the adsorption characteristics of chitooligosaccharides in solution onto activated charcoal,we studied the optimal adsorption conditions and the adsorption mechanisms of the chitooligosaccharides onto a...To investigate the adsorption characteristics of chitooligosaccharides in solution onto activated charcoal,we studied the optimal adsorption conditions and the adsorption mechanisms of the chitooligosaccharides onto activated charcoal,which will greatly promote the application of activated charcoal in the chitooligosaccharides separation and purification.We studied the effects of particle size of activated charcoal,pH of solution,contact time,temperature,and initial concentration of chitooligosaccharides on the adsorption behavior in batch mode experiments.Activated charcoal in fine particle size showed a high uptake of chitooligosaccharides.Weak alkaline solution(pH 8–9)was the most favorable to the adsorption.The adsorption equilibrium after 60 min was established,which followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The adsorption capacity(Q_(max))reached 0.195 g/g(chitooligosaccharides/activated charcoal)at 298 K.The adsorption was temperature-insensitive,and the adsorption isotherms could be best described by the Langmuir equation.Chitooligosaccharides adsorbed on activated charcoal could be desorbed in 50%ethanol solution in combination with an acidic condition(pH 2),reaching desorption efficiency of 96.0%.These findings are of great significance for the production and purification of amino oligosaccharides including chitooligosaccharides using activated charcoal.展开更多
Injury to the peripheral nerves can result in temporary or life-long neuronal dysfunction and subsequent economic or social disability. Acidic fibroblast growth factor(a FGF) promotes the growth and survival of neuron...Injury to the peripheral nerves can result in temporary or life-long neuronal dysfunction and subsequent economic or social disability. Acidic fibroblast growth factor(a FGF) promotes the growth and survival of neurons and is a possible treatment for peripheral nerve injury. Yet,the actual therapeutic utility of a FGF is limited by its short half-life and instability in vivo. In the present study,we prepared sulfated chitooligosaccharides(SCOS),which have heparinlike properties,to improve the bioactivity of a FGF. We investigated the protective effects of SCOS with or without a FGF on RSC96 cells exposed to Na2 S2 O4 hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay and cytotoxicity induced by Na2 S2 O4 was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release into the culture medium. Pretreatment with a FGF and SCOS dramatically decreased LDH release after injury compared to pretreatment with a FGF or SCOS alone. We subsequently prepared an a FGF/SCOS thermo-sensitive hydrogel with poloxamer and examined its effects in vivo. Paw withdrawal thresholds and thermal withdrawal latencies were measured in rats with sciatic nerve injury. Local injection of the a FGF/SCOS hydrogels(a FGF: 40,80 μg/kg) increased the efficiency of sciatic nerve repair compared to a FGF(80 μg/kg) hydrogel alone. Especially a FGF/SCOS thermo-sensitive hydrogel decreased paw withdrawal thresholds from 117.75 ± 8.38(g,4 d) to 65.74 ± 3.39(g,10 d),but a FGF alone group were 140.58 ± 27.54(g,4 d) to 89.12 ± 5.60(g,10 d)(a FGF dose was 80 μg/kg,P < 0.05,n = 8). The thermal withdrawal latencies decreased from 11.61 ± 2.26(s,4 d) to 2.37 ±0.67(s,10 d). However,a FGF alone group were from 17.69 ± 1.47(s,4 d) to4.65 ± 1.73(s,10 d)(P < 0.05,n = 8). Furthermore,the a FGF/SCOS hydrogels also exhibited good biocompatibility in mice. In summary,SCOS improved the protective effects of a FGF in RSC96 cells injured with Na2S2O4 and increased the efficiency of nerve repair and recovery of function in rats with sciatic nerve injury. These findings pave an avenue for the development of novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for peripheral nerve injury.展开更多
The interaction between chitooligosaccharide-5-fluorouracil （COS-5FU） and bovine serum albumin （BSA） was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. It was found that an energy transfer between COS-5FU and BSA had been ...The interaction between chitooligosaccharide-5-fluorouracil （COS-5FU） and bovine serum albumin （BSA） was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. It was found that an energy transfer between COS-5FU and BSA had been occurred. The binding constants were calculated, k298K=1.175×10^4 L·mol^-1. Based on the mechanism of energy transfer of dipole-dipole interaction between the donor and acceptor, the distance between BSA and COS-SFU was determined.展开更多
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, 2001AA625050) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China during the Tenth Five-Year Plan Period, No. 2001BA708B04-07
文摘AIM: To investigate the effect of chitooligosaccharides on proliferation of pancreatic islet cells, release of insulin and 2 h plasma glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.METHODS: In vitro, the effect of chitooligosaccharides on proliferation of pancreatic islet cells and release of insulin was detected with optical microscopy, colorimetric assay, and radioimmunoassay respectively. In vivo, the general clinical symptoms, 2 h plasma glucose, urine glucose, oral glucose tolerance were examined after sixty days of feeding study to determine the effect of chitooligosaccharides in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. RESULTS: Chitooligosaccharides could effectively accelerate the proliferation of pancreatic islet cells. Chitooligosaccharides (100 mg/L) had direct and prominent effect on pancreastic β cells and insulin release from islet cells. All concentrations of chitooligosaccharides could improve the general clinical symptoms of diabetic rats, decrease the 2 h plasma glucose and urine glucose, and normalize the disorders of glucose tolerance.CONCLUSION: Chitooligosaccharides possess various biological activities and can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.
文摘Objective: To observe the anti-proliferation and radiosensitization effect of chitooligosaccharides(COS) on human lung cancer cell line Hep G2. Methods: CCK-8 assay was employed to obtain the inhibition ratio of COS on Hep G2 cells at 24 h after treatment. The clonogenic assay was used to analyze the cell viability of RAY group and RAY+COS group with X-ray of 0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy, and the cell survival curve was used to analyze the sensitization ratio of COS. Flow cytometry was employed to detect cell cycle and apoptosis rate in control group, RAY group and RAY+COS group after 24 h treatment. Results: COS inhibited the proliferation of Hep G2 cells, and the inhibition rate positively correlated with the concentration of COS. The cell viability decreased with increasing exposure dose in RAY group and RAY+COS group. The cell viabilities of RAY+COS group were lower than those of RAY group at the dose of 4, 6 and 8 Gy(P<0.05), and the sensitization ratio of COS was 1.19. There were higher percentage at G2/M phase and apoptosis rate, and lower percentage at S phase in RAY+COS group versus the other two groups(P<0.01). Conclusions: COS can inhibit the proliferation of Hep G2 cells, and enhance the radiosensitization of Hep G2 cells, induce apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest.
基金supported by Youth Science Fund Project(No.81400612)
文摘Objective:To observe the chitooligosaccharides(COS) effect on the proliferation inhibition and radiosensitivity of three types of human gastric cancer cell line.Mothods:CCK-8 assay was employed to obtain the inhibition ratio of COS on BGC823 cells,MKN45 cells and SGC7901 cells at 48 h after treatment and the proliferation-inhibition curve was drawn with the inhibition ratio of COS on three types of cells.The clonogenic assay was used to detect the cell viability of 0,1,2,4,6 and 8 Gy(6 dose grades) in RAY group and RAY+COS group after X-ray,and the cell survival curve was used to analyze the sensitization enhancement ratio of COS.Flow cytometry was employed to detect cell cycle and apoptosis rate in control group,RAY group and RAY+COS group after 48 h treatment.Results:COS inhibited the proliferation of three types of cells.The inhibition rate was positively correlated with the concentration of COS,and the susceptibility of MKN45 cells,SGC7901 cells and BGC823 cells to COS decreased in turn.The cell viability decreased gradually with the increasing radiation dose in RAY group and RAY+COS group(P<0.01).The cell viabilities of RAY+COS group were lower than those of RAY group at all the dose grades under X-ray exposure(P<0.01),and the sensitization enhancement ratios of COS on BGC823 cells,MKN45 cells and SGC7901 cells were 1.06,1.28 and 1.15 respectively.In controlled trials,apoptosis rate and percentage in the G_2/M phase of three types of cells in RAY+COS group were higher than those in control group and RAY group,and percentage in the S phase and the G_0/G_1 phase in RAY+COS group were lower than those in the other two groups(P<0.01).Conclusions:COS can inhibit the proliferation of three types of human gastric cancer cells and enhance the radiosensitivity by inducing apoptosis and G_2/M phase arrest.
基金Supported by the Shandong Province Key Research and Development Project(No.2018GHY115008)the Qingdao Science and Technology Project(No.17-3-3-60-nsh)。
文摘Phytopathogenic fungi cause heavy negative impact on the agricultural economy,but most existing fungicides are toxic and pose a threat to both human health and environments.A green and efficient fungicide is urgently needed.Chitooligosaccharides(COSs),the degradation products of natural polysaccharide chitosan,are nontoxic and biodegradable antifungal substances.In this study,a novel type of aminourea chitooligosaccharide derivatives(AUCOS)was synthesized by successively grafting a hydrazine group and an amine-carbonyl group onto a chitooligosaccharide backbone to enhance the antifungal capability of COSs.The structures of the target compounds were identified by FTIR,1H NMR,and 13C NMR,and the degree of substitution of each product was calculated from the results of the elemental analysis.The antifungal activities of the prepared chitooligosaccharide derivatives against Fusarium solani,Verticillium albo-atrum and Phytophthora capsici were tested in vitro.The AUCOSs had better inhibitory efficiencies against the three plant pathogen fungi than that of chitooligosaccharide,of which aminourea chitooligosaccharide 2(AUCOS2)was the most promising antifungal compound,whose highest inhibition rates were 60.12%,82.95%,and 85.23%against F.solani,V.albo-atrum and P.capsici,respectively.The synthesized derivatives have good application prospects in crop protection and deserve further research.
文摘The inhibition effect of chitooligosaccharides from housefly larvae on pathogens ofcrops seeds, fruits or vegetables was studied and the main factors influencing theantimicrobial activity of chitooligosaccharides were also investigated. It was foundthat chitooligosaccharides from housefly larvae had wide spectrum fungistasis. It canstrongly inhibit the development of 31 kinds of plant pathogenic fungi such as corticiumrolfsii Saccardo. The results indicated that the degree of deacelylation (DD) or theaverage molecular weight(MW)of chitooligosaccharides were related to the antimicrobialactivity. The antimicrobial activity increased with the rising of DD or the declining ofMW. Pot culture results showed that chitooligosaccharide could enhance the rate ofgermination and emergence of the seeds of maize, wheat and cotton. Chitooligosaccharidehad certain effect on corn southern leaf blight caused by Helminthosporium maydis.
基金Supported by the Talent Research Foundation of Qingdao Agricultural University(No.1114347)
文摘To investigate the adsorption characteristics of chitooligosaccharides in solution onto activated charcoal,we studied the optimal adsorption conditions and the adsorption mechanisms of the chitooligosaccharides onto activated charcoal,which will greatly promote the application of activated charcoal in the chitooligosaccharides separation and purification.We studied the effects of particle size of activated charcoal,pH of solution,contact time,temperature,and initial concentration of chitooligosaccharides on the adsorption behavior in batch mode experiments.Activated charcoal in fine particle size showed a high uptake of chitooligosaccharides.Weak alkaline solution(pH 8–9)was the most favorable to the adsorption.The adsorption equilibrium after 60 min was established,which followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.The adsorption capacity(Q_(max))reached 0.195 g/g(chitooligosaccharides/activated charcoal)at 298 K.The adsorption was temperature-insensitive,and the adsorption isotherms could be best described by the Langmuir equation.Chitooligosaccharides adsorbed on activated charcoal could be desorbed in 50%ethanol solution in combination with an acidic condition(pH 2),reaching desorption efficiency of 96.0%.These findings are of great significance for the production and purification of amino oligosaccharides including chitooligosaccharides using activated charcoal.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou (201508020001)the Major Scientific and Technological Special Project of the Administration of Ocean and Fisheries of Guangdong Province (Yuecainong, 2017, no. 17)+2 种基金the Operating fund of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine (No. 2014B030301050)a project of the Research Development and Industrialization of Guangdong Province (2013B090500046)the Guangdong Province Higher Vocational Colleges and Schools Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme (2012)
文摘Injury to the peripheral nerves can result in temporary or life-long neuronal dysfunction and subsequent economic or social disability. Acidic fibroblast growth factor(a FGF) promotes the growth and survival of neurons and is a possible treatment for peripheral nerve injury. Yet,the actual therapeutic utility of a FGF is limited by its short half-life and instability in vivo. In the present study,we prepared sulfated chitooligosaccharides(SCOS),which have heparinlike properties,to improve the bioactivity of a FGF. We investigated the protective effects of SCOS with or without a FGF on RSC96 cells exposed to Na2 S2 O4 hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay and cytotoxicity induced by Na2 S2 O4 was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release into the culture medium. Pretreatment with a FGF and SCOS dramatically decreased LDH release after injury compared to pretreatment with a FGF or SCOS alone. We subsequently prepared an a FGF/SCOS thermo-sensitive hydrogel with poloxamer and examined its effects in vivo. Paw withdrawal thresholds and thermal withdrawal latencies were measured in rats with sciatic nerve injury. Local injection of the a FGF/SCOS hydrogels(a FGF: 40,80 μg/kg) increased the efficiency of sciatic nerve repair compared to a FGF(80 μg/kg) hydrogel alone. Especially a FGF/SCOS thermo-sensitive hydrogel decreased paw withdrawal thresholds from 117.75 ± 8.38(g,4 d) to 65.74 ± 3.39(g,10 d),but a FGF alone group were 140.58 ± 27.54(g,4 d) to 89.12 ± 5.60(g,10 d)(a FGF dose was 80 μg/kg,P < 0.05,n = 8). The thermal withdrawal latencies decreased from 11.61 ± 2.26(s,4 d) to 2.37 ±0.67(s,10 d). However,a FGF alone group were from 17.69 ± 1.47(s,4 d) to4.65 ± 1.73(s,10 d)(P < 0.05,n = 8). Furthermore,the a FGF/SCOS hydrogels also exhibited good biocompatibility in mice. In summary,SCOS improved the protective effects of a FGF in RSC96 cells injured with Na2S2O4 and increased the efficiency of nerve repair and recovery of function in rats with sciatic nerve injury. These findings pave an avenue for the development of novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for peripheral nerve injury.
基金The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20274034)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(3ZS061-A25-036).
文摘The interaction between chitooligosaccharide-5-fluorouracil （COS-5FU） and bovine serum albumin （BSA） was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. It was found that an energy transfer between COS-5FU and BSA had been occurred. The binding constants were calculated, k298K=1.175×10^4 L·mol^-1. Based on the mechanism of energy transfer of dipole-dipole interaction between the donor and acceptor, the distance between BSA and COS-SFU was determined.
