INTRODUCTION School refusal behaviour(SRB)has become an increasingly significant global issue.In China,the mental health of children and adolescents has emerged as a major soci-etal concern,prompting the development o...INTRODUCTION School refusal behaviour(SRB)has become an increasingly significant global issue.In China,the mental health of children and adolescents has emerged as a major soci-etal concern,prompting the development of related policy initiatives.The Chinese Ministry of Education,in collaboration with 17 other government departments,has issued a series of special action plans to address the mental health problems among Chinese children.展开更多
Objective To investigate prevalence rate of learning disabilities (LD) in Chinese children, and to explore related risk factors, and to provide theoretical basis for preventing such disabilities. Methods One thousand ...Objective To investigate prevalence rate of learning disabilities (LD) in Chinese children, and to explore related risk factors, and to provide theoretical basis for preventing such disabilities. Methods One thousand and one hundred fifty one children were randomly selected in primary schools. According to criteria set by ICD-10, 118 children diagnosed as LD were classified into the study group. Four hundred and ninety one children were classified into the normal control group. Five hundred and forty two children were classified into the excellent control group. The study instruments included PRS (The pupil rating scale revised screening for learning disabilities), Conners' children behavior check-list taken by parents and YG-WR character check-list. Results The prevalence rate of LD in Chinese children was 10.3%. Significant differences were observed between LD and normally learning children, and between the LD group and the excellent group, in terms of scores of Conners' behavior check-list (P<0.05). The study further showed that individual differences in character between the LD group and the control groups still existed even after controlling individual differences in age, IQ, and gender. Some possible causal explanations contributing to LD were improper teaching by parents, low educational level of the parents, and children's characteristics and social relationships. Conclusion These data underscore the fact that LD is a serious national public health problem in China. LD is resulted from a number of factors. Good studying and living environments should be created for LD children.展开更多
Considered a crucial skill in the 21st century,collaborative problem solving(CPS)has been an essential development task for preschool children.This study analyzes preschool children’s discourse in the project-based l...Considered a crucial skill in the 21st century,collaborative problem solving(CPS)has been an essential development task for preschool children.This study analyzes preschool children’s discourse in the project-based learning(PBL)process and presents the following findings.Firstly,in the collaborative dimension,the frequency of children’s discourse on establishing and maintaining shared understanding(U)and taking appropriate action to solve the problem(A)is relatively high,while that on establishing and maintaining team organization(O)is relatively low.Secondly,in the problem solving dimension,the frequency of children’s discourse on planning and executing(P&E)is the highest,while that on monitoring and reflecting(M&R)is the lowest.Thirdly,in terms of turn taking patterns,self-selection accounts for a significantly higher proportion than allocation and continuation.Overall,preschool children’s CPS is characterized by loose collaboration and multilinear problem solving.They are usually keener to strive for opportunities to express their views but lack attention to others’speeches.At the same time,they can constantly come up with new problem solving plans and actions but rarely reflect on their feasibility and actual effects.In addition to children’s collaborative role,teachers’intervention can also impact the CPS processes.Therefore,teachers are recommended to provide children with opportunities for CPS and strengthen monitoring,guidance,and support in children’s CPS processes to facilitate better child engagement in CPS.展开更多
目的探讨以问题为基础的学习方法(Problem Based Learning,PBL)结合体验式教学在小儿肾脏内科临床护理教学中的应用效果。方法选取2012年9月-2016年9月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院肾脏内科实习的105名本科护生,以实习时间先后顺序分为两...目的探讨以问题为基础的学习方法(Problem Based Learning,PBL)结合体验式教学在小儿肾脏内科临床护理教学中的应用效果。方法选取2012年9月-2016年9月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院肾脏内科实习的105名本科护生,以实习时间先后顺序分为两组,对照组(n=55)采用常规教学模式,研究组(n=50)采用常规教学模式+PBL结合体验式教学法。结果研究组护生的理论考试成绩、基础操作成绩、综合考评成绩等均高于对照组(P<0.05)。教学效果评价显示,研究组在学习兴趣、知识理解掌握、沟通交流能力、解决问题能力、感悟理解能力等指标上均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 PBL结合体验式教学法可提高实习护生的学习动机,实习成绩,自主学习和沟通协作的能力,有效提高本科护生临床知识掌握和自我创新发展的能力,为临床护理教学提供了科学依据。展开更多
基金funded by the National Social Science Fund of China(No.22CSH085).
文摘INTRODUCTION School refusal behaviour(SRB)has become an increasingly significant global issue.In China,the mental health of children and adolescents has emerged as a major soci-etal concern,prompting the development of related policy initiatives.The Chinese Ministry of Education,in collaboration with 17 other government departments,has issued a series of special action plans to address the mental health problems among Chinese children.
文摘Objective To investigate prevalence rate of learning disabilities (LD) in Chinese children, and to explore related risk factors, and to provide theoretical basis for preventing such disabilities. Methods One thousand and one hundred fifty one children were randomly selected in primary schools. According to criteria set by ICD-10, 118 children diagnosed as LD were classified into the study group. Four hundred and ninety one children were classified into the normal control group. Five hundred and forty two children were classified into the excellent control group. The study instruments included PRS (The pupil rating scale revised screening for learning disabilities), Conners' children behavior check-list taken by parents and YG-WR character check-list. Results The prevalence rate of LD in Chinese children was 10.3%. Significant differences were observed between LD and normally learning children, and between the LD group and the excellent group, in terms of scores of Conners' behavior check-list (P<0.05). The study further showed that individual differences in character between the LD group and the control groups still existed even after controlling individual differences in age, IQ, and gender. Some possible causal explanations contributing to LD were improper teaching by parents, low educational level of the parents, and children's characteristics and social relationships. Conclusion These data underscore the fact that LD is a serious national public health problem in China. LD is resulted from a number of factors. Good studying and living environments should be created for LD children.
基金funded by the Zhejiang Provincial Educational Science Planning Project“Reconstructing Young Children’s Learning Experience:Research on the Construction and Practice of Sustainable Development Curriculum in Kindergarten”(No.2020SCG202).
文摘Considered a crucial skill in the 21st century,collaborative problem solving(CPS)has been an essential development task for preschool children.This study analyzes preschool children’s discourse in the project-based learning(PBL)process and presents the following findings.Firstly,in the collaborative dimension,the frequency of children’s discourse on establishing and maintaining shared understanding(U)and taking appropriate action to solve the problem(A)is relatively high,while that on establishing and maintaining team organization(O)is relatively low.Secondly,in the problem solving dimension,the frequency of children’s discourse on planning and executing(P&E)is the highest,while that on monitoring and reflecting(M&R)is the lowest.Thirdly,in terms of turn taking patterns,self-selection accounts for a significantly higher proportion than allocation and continuation.Overall,preschool children’s CPS is characterized by loose collaboration and multilinear problem solving.They are usually keener to strive for opportunities to express their views but lack attention to others’speeches.At the same time,they can constantly come up with new problem solving plans and actions but rarely reflect on their feasibility and actual effects.In addition to children’s collaborative role,teachers’intervention can also impact the CPS processes.Therefore,teachers are recommended to provide children with opportunities for CPS and strengthen monitoring,guidance,and support in children’s CPS processes to facilitate better child engagement in CPS.
文摘目的探讨以问题为基础的学习方法(Problem Based Learning,PBL)结合体验式教学在小儿肾脏内科临床护理教学中的应用效果。方法选取2012年9月-2016年9月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院肾脏内科实习的105名本科护生,以实习时间先后顺序分为两组,对照组(n=55)采用常规教学模式,研究组(n=50)采用常规教学模式+PBL结合体验式教学法。结果研究组护生的理论考试成绩、基础操作成绩、综合考评成绩等均高于对照组(P<0.05)。教学效果评价显示,研究组在学习兴趣、知识理解掌握、沟通交流能力、解决问题能力、感悟理解能力等指标上均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 PBL结合体验式教学法可提高实习护生的学习动机,实习成绩,自主学习和沟通协作的能力,有效提高本科护生临床知识掌握和自我创新发展的能力,为临床护理教学提供了科学依据。
