Under the background of information technology in education,there is insufficient integration of technological knowledge,pedagogical knowledge,and subject content knowledge in the teaching of propositions in high scho...Under the background of information technology in education,there is insufficient integration of technological knowledge,pedagogical knowledge,and subject content knowledge in the teaching of propositions in high school mathematics.Teachers mostly equate information technology with multimedia presentations,and students often memorize formulas mechanically,which leads to difficulties in the application of complex propositions.In this study,we take“the cosine formula of the difference between two angles”as an example.Based on the TPACK framework,we use contextual teaching and geometric drawing board demonstration to integrate subject content,pedagogical knowledge,and technological knowledge in teaching design and practice.It is found that by dynamically displaying the derivation process of the formula and guiding students to explore independently,it can help them understand the logic of the formula and improve their application ability.This study provides a paradigm for teaching propositions in high school mathematics and suggests that the TPACK framework can facilitate knowledge integration and cultivate students’mathematical literacy such as problem posing and creative inquiry,which is of great significance for teaching practice.展开更多
In the literature,there are many relational semantics of propositional logics each of which,although a satisfaction relation is defined,seems to have a“many-valued”intuition behind.More precisely,this means that a p...In the literature,there are many relational semantics of propositional logics each of which,although a satisfaction relation is defined,seems to have a“many-valued”intuition behind.More precisely,this means that a proposition can take one of more than two“truth values”at a state.In this paper,we use a kind of mathematical structures called Chu spaces to model such intuition;and we choose possibility semantics of classical logic,ortho-logic and Holliday's fundamental logic to do case studies.We formalize some informal reasonings about the intuition behind the relational semantics of these three logics,make explicit the underlying assumptions and discover some new consequences of the intuition behind these relational semantics in our setting.展开更多
In this paper, the syntactical problenss of lattice- valued proptnitional logicsystem LP(X) are discuased , the soundness theorem and the deduction thooremare given, and the adequaey problem of LP(X) is solved with sl...In this paper, the syntactical problenss of lattice- valued proptnitional logicsystem LP(X) are discuased , the soundness theorem and the deduction thooremare given, and the adequaey problem of LP(X) is solved with slishtrestriction.展开更多
In this paper,a formula is given. The formula gives the number of prime number solutions of the indefinite equation p 1+p 2=2n , and based on it, an equivalent proposition to the conjecture of Goldbach is obtained.
Action model learning has become a hot topic in knowledge engineering for automated planning.A key problem for learning action models is to analyze state changes before and after action executions from observed"p...Action model learning has become a hot topic in knowledge engineering for automated planning.A key problem for learning action models is to analyze state changes before and after action executions from observed"plan traces".To support such an analysis,a new approach is proposed to partition propositions of plan traces into states.First,vector representations of propositions and actions are obtained by training a neural network called Skip-Gram borrowed from the area of natural language processing(NLP).Then,a type of semantic distance among propositions and actions is defined based on their similarity measures in the vector space.Finally,k-means and k-nearest neighbor(kNN)algorithms are exploited to map propositions to states.This approach is called state partition by word vector(SPWV),which is implemented on top of a recent action model learning framework by Rao et al.Experimental results on the benchmark domains show that SPWV leads to a lower error rate of the learnt action model,compared to the probability based approach for state partition that was developed by Rao et al.展开更多
The paper presents an extension multi-laye r p erceptron model that is capable of representing and reasoning propositional know ledge base. An extended version of propositional calculus is developed, and its some prop...The paper presents an extension multi-laye r p erceptron model that is capable of representing and reasoning propositional know ledge base. An extended version of propositional calculus is developed, and its some properties is discussed. Formulas of the extended calculus can be expressed in the extension multi-layer perceptron. Naturally, semantic deduction of prop ositional knowledge base can be implement by the extension multi-layer perceptr on, and by learning, an unknown formula set can be found.展开更多
＂In this paper, we construct a six-element intuitionistic linguistic truth-valued fuzzy propositional logic （6LTV-IP） based on the framework of linguistic truth-valued propoitional logic, which can express bath the...＂In this paper, we construct a six-element intuitionistic linguistic truth-valued fuzzy propositional logic （6LTV-IP） based on the framework of linguistic truth-valued propoitional logic, which can express bath the comparable and incomparable truth values. Truth degree and falsity degree of intuitionistic fuzzy proposition are two truth values with linguistic hedge. With the concrete logic operation of 6LTV-IP, some special properties are obtained. Then based on （α, β）-complementary literals and （a, β）-similar literals, we propose a soft-resolution method of 6LTV-IP.展开更多
In the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, especially in the Itajai valley, there are records of accidents and disasters mainly associated to landslides and floods, which have caused significant damages and losses, inclu...In the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, especially in the Itajai valley, there are records of accidents and disasters mainly associated to landslides and floods, which have caused significant damages and losses, including human lives. In order to make the coexistence with such natural disasters possible, most particularly with floods, a integration is required among the technical, political, environmental, and human knowledge. Measures that encompass integrated actions for the entire river basin, with the help from an updated technical cadastre and tools, such as the GIS, allow the development of planning tools that might effectively help the people to live with the water, or else to cope with floods in a more appropriate manner. This paper attempts to propose a methodology for urban flood control, based on the integration among the several public entities involved in the flood control, along with the CTM （Multipurpose Technical Cadastre） and GIS tool. In order to solve or minimize the problems, the model proposed here aims at promoting a balance between the agents involved, and enables to rank the degrees of importance assigned to the different needs, thus allowing to eliminate or to improve those areas and processes that are duplicated or superimposed.展开更多
Previous studies interpreting the meanings of the sentence-final particle“LE”displayed two trends:either excessively complicated or excessively general.Since some scholars established a theoretical foundation of pro...Previous studies interpreting the meanings of the sentence-final particle“LE”displayed two trends:either excessively complicated or excessively general.Since some scholars established a theoretical foundation of propositional domain,epistemic domain and dialogic domain for the sentence-final particle“LE”,the nature or orientation of its semantic property has become more clear.However,there are also defects in the current“Three Domains”research model.In the first place,this model defines the meanings of the sentence-final particle“LE”as“emergence of new propositional content”,“emergence of new epistemic content”,and“emergence of new dialogic content”.But,the definition is excessively abstract and extensive.As many sentences not concluded with the particle“LE”can also express the three mentioned meanings,it fails to explain the difference between sentences ended with particle“LE”and ones without it.Secondly,the model fails to explore and discuss the nature or generation mechanism of relevant meanings of the particle“LE”.This study attempts to find a practical solution to those defects.展开更多
Zhao Yuanren＇s translation of Alice＇s Adventures in Wonderland can be regarded as the best Chinese version even though dozens more have been published ever since. Its success can be largely attributed to Zhao＇s chi...Zhao Yuanren＇s translation of Alice＇s Adventures in Wonderland can be regarded as the best Chinese version even though dozens more have been published ever since. Its success can be largely attributed to Zhao＇s child-oriented concept which attaches much importance to children＇s tastes and interests. With the guidance of child-oriented principle, Zhao mainly adopted the strategies of addition and substitution to present a different Alice＇s wonderland to the intended Chinese child readership, especially in dealing with Carroll＇s word plays.展开更多
Service dominant logic is one brand new economy model and it consider all the participators to be the potential resource integrators. The enterprise should put forward the value proposition with open attitude to achie...Service dominant logic is one brand new economy model and it consider all the participators to be the potential resource integrators. The enterprise should put forward the value proposition with open attitude to achieve the enterprise synergy innovation. This paper analyses the value proposition on the stakeholders in the enterprise synergy innovation and expand the one way value proposition theory to the different stakeholder groups inside and outside of the enterprise. The theoretical significance of this paper is to provide the theoretical reference for the enterprise synergy innovation to establish sustainable and stable stakeholders＇ relationship.展开更多
The classical propositional calculus(often called also as“zero-order logic”),is the most fundamental two-valued logical system.It is necessary to construct the classical calculus of quantifiers(often called also as...The classical propositional calculus(often called also as“zero-order logic”),is the most fundamental two-valued logical system.It is necessary to construct the classical calculus of quantifiers(often called also as“classical calculus of predicates”or“first-order logic”),which is necessary to construct the classical functional calculus.This last one is being used for formalization of the Arithmetic System.At the beginning of this paper,we introduce a notation and we repeat certain well-known notions(among others,the notions of operation of consequence,a system,consistency in the traditional sense,consistency in the absolute sense)and certain well-known theorems.Next,we establish that classical propositional calculus is an inconsistent theory.展开更多
文摘Under the background of information technology in education,there is insufficient integration of technological knowledge,pedagogical knowledge,and subject content knowledge in the teaching of propositions in high school mathematics.Teachers mostly equate information technology with multimedia presentations,and students often memorize formulas mechanically,which leads to difficulties in the application of complex propositions.In this study,we take“the cosine formula of the difference between two angles”as an example.Based on the TPACK framework,we use contextual teaching and geometric drawing board demonstration to integrate subject content,pedagogical knowledge,and technological knowledge in teaching design and practice.It is found that by dynamically displaying the derivation process of the formula and guiding students to explore independently,it can help them understand the logic of the formula and improve their application ability.This study provides a paradigm for teaching propositions in high school mathematics and suggests that the TPACK framework can facilitate knowledge integration and cultivate students’mathematical literacy such as problem posing and creative inquiry,which is of great significance for teaching practice.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China(No.20CZX048)。
文摘In the literature,there are many relational semantics of propositional logics each of which,although a satisfaction relation is defined,seems to have a“many-valued”intuition behind.More precisely,this means that a proposition can take one of more than two“truth values”at a state.In this paper,we use a kind of mathematical structures called Chu spaces to model such intuition;and we choose possibility semantics of classical logic,ortho-logic and Holliday's fundamental logic to do case studies.We formalize some informal reasonings about the intuition behind the relational semantics of these three logics,make explicit the underlying assumptions and discover some new consequences of the intuition behind these relational semantics in our setting.
文摘In this paper, the syntactical problenss of lattice- valued proptnitional logicsystem LP(X) are discuased , the soundness theorem and the deduction thooremare given, and the adequaey problem of LP(X) is solved with slishtrestriction.
文摘In this paper,a formula is given. The formula gives the number of prime number solutions of the indefinite equation p 1+p 2=2n , and based on it, an equivalent proposition to the conjecture of Goldbach is obtained.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61103136,61370156,61503074)Open Research Foundation of Science and Technology on Aerospace Flight Dynamics Laboratory(2014afdl002)
文摘Action model learning has become a hot topic in knowledge engineering for automated planning.A key problem for learning action models is to analyze state changes before and after action executions from observed"plan traces".To support such an analysis,a new approach is proposed to partition propositions of plan traces into states.First,vector representations of propositions and actions are obtained by training a neural network called Skip-Gram borrowed from the area of natural language processing(NLP).Then,a type of semantic distance among propositions and actions is defined based on their similarity measures in the vector space.Finally,k-means and k-nearest neighbor(kNN)algorithms are exploited to map propositions to states.This approach is called state partition by word vector(SPWV),which is implemented on top of a recent action model learning framework by Rao et al.Experimental results on the benchmark domains show that SPWV leads to a lower error rate of the learnt action model,compared to the probability based approach for state partition that was developed by Rao et al.
文摘The paper presents an extension multi-laye r p erceptron model that is capable of representing and reasoning propositional know ledge base. An extended version of propositional calculus is developed, and its some properties is discussed. Formulas of the extended calculus can be expressed in the extension multi-layer perceptron. Naturally, semantic deduction of prop ositional knowledge base can be implement by the extension multi-layer perceptr on, and by learning, an unknown formula set can be found.
基金National Natural Science Foundations of China(No.60875034, No.60873042)
文摘＂In this paper, we construct a six-element intuitionistic linguistic truth-valued fuzzy propositional logic （6LTV-IP） based on the framework of linguistic truth-valued propoitional logic, which can express bath the comparable and incomparable truth values. Truth degree and falsity degree of intuitionistic fuzzy proposition are two truth values with linguistic hedge. With the concrete logic operation of 6LTV-IP, some special properties are obtained. Then based on （α, β）-complementary literals and （a, β）-similar literals, we propose a soft-resolution method of 6LTV-IP.
文摘In the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, especially in the Itajai valley, there are records of accidents and disasters mainly associated to landslides and floods, which have caused significant damages and losses, including human lives. In order to make the coexistence with such natural disasters possible, most particularly with floods, a integration is required among the technical, political, environmental, and human knowledge. Measures that encompass integrated actions for the entire river basin, with the help from an updated technical cadastre and tools, such as the GIS, allow the development of planning tools that might effectively help the people to live with the water, or else to cope with floods in a more appropriate manner. This paper attempts to propose a methodology for urban flood control, based on the integration among the several public entities involved in the flood control, along with the CTM （Multipurpose Technical Cadastre） and GIS tool. In order to solve or minimize the problems, the model proposed here aims at promoting a balance between the agents involved, and enables to rank the degrees of importance assigned to the different needs, thus allowing to eliminate or to improve those areas and processes that are duplicated or superimposed.
文摘Previous studies interpreting the meanings of the sentence-final particle“LE”displayed two trends:either excessively complicated or excessively general.Since some scholars established a theoretical foundation of propositional domain,epistemic domain and dialogic domain for the sentence-final particle“LE”,the nature or orientation of its semantic property has become more clear.However,there are also defects in the current“Three Domains”research model.In the first place,this model defines the meanings of the sentence-final particle“LE”as“emergence of new propositional content”,“emergence of new epistemic content”,and“emergence of new dialogic content”.But,the definition is excessively abstract and extensive.As many sentences not concluded with the particle“LE”can also express the three mentioned meanings,it fails to explain the difference between sentences ended with particle“LE”and ones without it.Secondly,the model fails to explore and discuss the nature or generation mechanism of relevant meanings of the particle“LE”.This study attempts to find a practical solution to those defects.
文摘Zhao Yuanren＇s translation of Alice＇s Adventures in Wonderland can be regarded as the best Chinese version even though dozens more have been published ever since. Its success can be largely attributed to Zhao＇s child-oriented concept which attaches much importance to children＇s tastes and interests. With the guidance of child-oriented principle, Zhao mainly adopted the strategies of addition and substitution to present a different Alice＇s wonderland to the intended Chinese child readership, especially in dealing with Carroll＇s word plays.
文摘Service dominant logic is one brand new economy model and it consider all the participators to be the potential resource integrators. The enterprise should put forward the value proposition with open attitude to achieve the enterprise synergy innovation. This paper analyses the value proposition on the stakeholders in the enterprise synergy innovation and expand the one way value proposition theory to the different stakeholder groups inside and outside of the enterprise. The theoretical significance of this paper is to provide the theoretical reference for the enterprise synergy innovation to establish sustainable and stable stakeholders＇ relationship.
文摘The classical propositional calculus(often called also as“zero-order logic”),is the most fundamental two-valued logical system.It is necessary to construct the classical calculus of quantifiers(often called also as“classical calculus of predicates”or“first-order logic”),which is necessary to construct the classical functional calculus.This last one is being used for formalization of the Arithmetic System.At the beginning of this paper,we introduce a notation and we repeat certain well-known notions(among others,the notions of operation of consequence,a system,consistency in the traditional sense,consistency in the absolute sense)and certain well-known theorems.Next,we establish that classical propositional calculus is an inconsistent theory.
