Tolerance charting is an effective tool to determine the optimal allocation of working dimensions and working tolerances such that the blueprint dimensions and tolerances can be achieved to accomplish the cost objecti...Tolerance charting is an effective tool to determine the optimal allocation of working dimensions and working tolerances such that the blueprint dimensions and tolerances can be achieved to accomplish the cost objectives.The selection of machining datum and allocation of tolerances are critical in any machining process planning as they directly affect any setup methods/machine tools selection and machining time.This paper mainly focuses on the selection of optimum machining datums and machining tolerances simultaneously in process planning.A dynamic tolerance charting constraint scheme is developed and implemented in the optimization procedure.An optimization model is formulated for selecting machining datum and tolerances and implemented with an algorithm namely Elitist Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm（NSGA-II）.The computational results indicate that the proposed methodology is capable and robust in finding the optimal machining datum set and tolerances.展开更多
THE Communist Party of China （CPC） set the blueprint for rule of law in the world＇s second-largest economy during a recent key meeting, which also high- lighted the Party leadership and the overarching role of the ...THE Communist Party of China （CPC） set the blueprint for rule of law in the world＇s second-largest economy during a recent key meeting, which also high- lighted the Party leadership and the overarching role of the Constitution in the country＇s legal system. According to a communique issued after the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, held in Beijing from October 20 to 23, the overall target of the CPC＇s current drive is to build a country with socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics.展开更多
The lianghui, or the annual Two Sessions of the National People＇s Congress （NPC） and the Chinese People＇s Political Consultative Conference （CPPCC） National Committee, are always a great political event in China...The lianghui, or the annual Two Sessions of the National People＇s Congress （NPC） and the Chinese People＇s Political Consultative Conference （CPPCC） National Committee, are always a great political event in China, but more so this year, with groundbreaking outcomes.展开更多
Introduction Since De Montbeillard characterized the first curve of his son's height in the late 18th century,growth charts have become increasingly essential for pediatricians to describe group-level variability ...Introduction Since De Montbeillard characterized the first curve of his son's height in the late 18th century,growth charts have become increasingly essential for pediatricians to describe group-level variability and monitor the over-development of individual-level growth[1].Growth charts can provide a standardized statistical reference to estimate deviations in a child's physiological measurements(e.g.,height and weight).展开更多
In light of rapid development of customer requirements, control procedures of quality concept use multivariate analysis. This is because of recent advances in information technology and in recording. The charting proc...In light of rapid development of customer requirements, control procedures of quality concept use multivariate analysis. This is because of recent advances in information technology and in recording. The charting procedures are based on Mahalanobis distance but their performance needs normality and a type-I error rate choice. The DD-diagram is an alternative scheme that uses data depth to avoid these conditions rarely met in practice. For a given error-free sample, the performance of DD-diagram and that of multivariate EWMA control procedures are compared through a real example on individual observations taken from a multivariate quality process.展开更多
Geological strength index(GSI)has been widely used as an input parameter in predicting the strength and deformation properties of rock masses.This study derived a series of equations to satisfy the original GSI lines ...Geological strength index(GSI)has been widely used as an input parameter in predicting the strength and deformation properties of rock masses.This study derived a series of equations to satisfy the original GSI lines on the basic GSI chart.Two axes ranging from 0 to 100 were employed for surface conditions of the discontinuities and the structure of rock mass,which are independent of the input parameters.The derived equations can analyze GSI values ranging from 0 to 100 within±5%error.The engineering dimensions(EDs)such as the slope height,tunnel width,and foundation width were used together with representative elementary volume(REV)in jointed rock mass to define scale factor(sf)from 0.2 to 1 in evaluating the rock mass structure including joint pattern.The transformation of GSI into a scaledependent parameter based on engineering scale addresses a crucial requirement in various engineering applications.The improvements proposed in this study were applied to a real slope which was close to the time of failure.The results of stability assessments show that the new proposals have sufficient capability to define rock mass quality considering EDs.展开更多
This study aims to examine the explicit solution for calculating the Average Run Length(ARL)on the triple exponentially weighted moving average(TEWMA)control chart applied to autoregressive model(AR(p)),where AR(p)is ...This study aims to examine the explicit solution for calculating the Average Run Length(ARL)on the triple exponentially weighted moving average(TEWMA)control chart applied to autoregressive model(AR(p)),where AR(p)is an autoregressive model of order p,representing a time series with dependencies on its p previous values.Additionally,the study evaluates the accuracy of both explicit and numerical integral equation(NIE)solutions for AR(p)using the TEWMA control chart,focusing on the absolute percentage relative error.The results indicate that the explicit and approximate solutions are in close agreement.Furthermore,the study investigates the performance of exponentially weighted moving average(EWMA)and TEWMA control charts in detecting changes in the process,using the relative mean index(RMI)as a measure.The findings demonstrate that the TEWMA control chart outperforms the EWMA control chart in detecting process changes,especially when the value ofλis sufficiently large.In addition,an analysis using historical data from the SET index between January 2024 and May 2024 and historical data of global annual plastic production,the results of both data sets also emphasize the superior performance of the TEWMA control chart.展开更多
Natural gas hydrates(hereinafter referred to as hydrates)are a promising clean energy source.However,their current development is far from reaching commercial exploitation.Reservoir stimulation tech-nology provides ne...Natural gas hydrates(hereinafter referred to as hydrates)are a promising clean energy source.However,their current development is far from reaching commercial exploitation.Reservoir stimulation tech-nology provides new approaches to enhance hydrate development effectiveness.Addressing the current lack of quantitative and objective methods for evaluating the fracability of hydrate reservoirs,this study clarifies the relationship between geological and engineering fracability and proposes a comprehensive evaluation model for hydrate reservoir fracability based on grey relational analysis and the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation method.By integrating results from hydraulic fracturing experiments on hydrate sediments,the fracability of hydrate reservoirs is assessed.The concept of critical construction parameter curves for hydrate reservoirs is introduced for the first time.Additionally,two-dimensional fracability index evaluation charts and three-dimensional fracability construction condition discrimination charts are established.The results indicate that as the comprehensive fracability index increases,the feasibility of forming fractures in hydrate reservoirs improves,and the required normalized fracturing construction parameters gradually decrease.The accuracy rate of the charts in judging experimental results reached 89.74%,enabling quick evaluations of whether hydrate reservoirs are worth fracturing,easy to fracture,and capable of being fractured.This has significant engineering implications forthehydraulicfracturingof hydratereservoirs.展开更多
This study proposes a novel approach to optimizing individual work schedules for book digitization using mixed-integer programming (MIP). By leveraging the power of MIP solvers, we aimed to minimize the overall digiti...This study proposes a novel approach to optimizing individual work schedules for book digitization using mixed-integer programming (MIP). By leveraging the power of MIP solvers, we aimed to minimize the overall digitization time while considering various constraints and process dependencies. The book digitization process involves three key steps: cutting, scanning, and binding. Each step has specific requirements and limitations such as the number of pages that can be processed simultaneously and potential bottlenecks. To address these complexities, we formulate the problem as a one-machine job shop scheduling problem with additional constraints to capture the unique characteristics of book digitization. We conducted a series of experiments to evaluate the performance of our proposed approach. By comparing the optimized schedules with the baseline approach, we demonstrated significant reductions in the overall processing time. In addition, we analyzed the impact of different weighting schemes on the optimization results, highlighting the importance of identifying and prioritizing critical processes. Our findings suggest that MIP-based optimization can be a valuable tool for improving the efficiency of individual work schedules, even in seemingly simple tasks, such as book digitization. By carefully considering specific constraints and objectives, we can save time and leverage resources by carefully considering specific constraints and objectives.展开更多
Extracting data from visually rich documents and charts using traditional methods that rely on OCR-based parsing poses multiple challenges,including layout complexity in unstructured formats,limitations in recognizing...Extracting data from visually rich documents and charts using traditional methods that rely on OCR-based parsing poses multiple challenges,including layout complexity in unstructured formats,limitations in recognizing visual elements,and the correlation between different parts of the documents,as well as domain-specific semantics.Simply extracting text is not sufficient;advanced reasoning capabilities are proving to be essential to analyze content and answer questions accurately.This paper aims to evaluate the ability of the Large Language Models(LLMs)to correctly answer questions about various types of charts,comparing their performance when using images as input versus directly parsing PDF files.To retrieve the images from the PDF,ColPali,a model leveraging state-of-the-art visual languagemodels,is used to identify the relevant page containing the appropriate chart for each question.Google’s Gemini multimodal models were used to answer a set of questions through two approaches:1)processing images derived from PDF documents and 2)directly utilizing the content of the same PDFs.Our findings underscore the limitations of traditional OCR-based approaches in visual document understanding(VrDU)and demonstrate the advantages of multimodal methods in both data extraction and reasoning tasks.Through structured benchmarking of chart question answering(CQA)across input formats,our work contributes to the advancement of chart understanding(CU)and the broader field of multimodal document analysis.Using two diverse and information-rich sources:the World Health Statistics 2024 report by theWorld Health Organisation and the Global Banking Annual Review 2024 by McKinsey&Company,we examine the performance ofmultimodal LLMs across different input modalities,comparing their effectiveness in processing charts as images versus parsing directly from PDF content.These documents were selected due to their multimodal nature,combining dense textual analysis with varied visual representations,thus presenting realistic challenges for vision-language models.This comparison is aimed at assessing how advanced models perform with different input formats and to determine if an image-based approach enhances chart comprehension in terms of accurate data extraction and reasoning capabilities.展开更多
The quality control chart of fructo-oligosaccharides in milk powder was established to determine whether the detection process and results are in control state.The content of fructo-oligosaccharides in milk powder con...The quality control chart of fructo-oligosaccharides in milk powder was established to determine whether the detection process and results are in control state.The content of fructo-oligosaccharides in milk powder control samples was determined by ion chromatography,and the quality control chart of fructo-oligosaccharides was established to analyze the controlled state.The results indicate that the median of the quality control chart is 1613.14 mg/100 g,and the standard deviation is 85.57 mg/100 g.The new quality control points were evaluated and analyzed,and the precision changed,but the mean value did not change.Further F test was conducted to determine that the precision did not change significantly,indicating that the test was in a statistical control state,and the detection process,method and results were controlled.展开更多
The wave attenuation performance of a floating breakwater is important in engineering applications.On the basis of potential flow theory,the analytical and simplified solutions of the transmission coefficient of a flo...The wave attenuation performance of a floating breakwater is important in engineering applications.On the basis of potential flow theory,the analytical and simplified solutions of the transmission coefficient of a floating breakwater are deduced via velocity potential decompositions and eigenfunction expansions.The effects of the floating breakwater configuration,working sea state and motion response on the wave attenuation performance are described,facilitating a deeper investigation into the wave attenuation mechanism of the breakwater.The results indicate that the width and draft of the breakwater,incident wavelength,and motion response significantly affect the transmission coefficient of the breakwater.The wave passability rate,α1(α1=0.5−2B/L),is defined to qualitatively explain why long-period waves are difficult to control and attenuate.The radiation effect caused by the motion of the floating breakwater on the transmission coefficient is relatively complex,and the wave attenuation efficiency of the breakwater can be improved by optimizing the motion response.The incident wavelength and breakwater width are selected as the control parameters,and transmission coefficient charts of the floating breakwater for two-dimensional conditions are drawn,providing technical guidance for the configuration selection and design of the floating breakwater.展开更多
The International Commission on Stratigraphy(ICS)has been producing and updating its International Chro-nostratigraphic Chart for several decades.The chart communicates higher-order divisions of geological time and ac...The International Commission on Stratigraphy(ICS)has been producing and updating its International Chro-nostratigraphic Chart for several decades.The chart communicates higher-order divisions of geological time and actual knowledge on the numerical ages of their bound-aries.Distributed via the ICS website www.stratigraphy.org the chart promotes use in graphic,tabulated and further digital forms in multiple languages.This paper is a status update,eleven years since the last such publication,cov-ering activities between 2012 and 2024.Chart updates during the past decade have echoed the ICS’s primary objective of precisely defining a global standard set of time-correlative units(Systems,Series,Stages)for stratigraphic successions worldwide.These units are,in turn,the basis for the Periods,Epochs,and Ages of the Geological Time Scale.Their standardization is fundamental for expressing geological knowledge,in application and education,out-reach and continuing research.The chart offers a frame-work through which regional-scale higher-resolution divisions can be linked,equated and collated.Likewise it offers a framework for digital representation of the Geological Time Scale.Maintenance and distribution of chart versions on the web has been a manual endeavour,a process that ICS is upgrading to serve an increasingly digital world.展开更多
BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome(RLS)is a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs during rest.Standard treatments may provide short-term relief but are limited by long-term adve...BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome(RLS)is a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs during rest.Standard treatments may provide short-term relief but are limited by long-term adverse effects.Herbal medicine containing Paeoniae Radix(HCP)has traditionally been used in Korean medicine to treat RLS symptoms.AIM To investigate the clinical effectiveness and safety of HCP in treating RLS.METHODS This retrospective chart review study included 15 patients with RLS who were treated with HCP between September 2017 and August 2022 at the Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital.The demographic,disease-related,and treatment-related characteristics,as well as the impressions of each patient,were analyzed.The study also evaluated the changes in the subjective complaints of RLS symptoms,the Korean version of the International Restless Legs Scale(KIRLS)scores before and after treatment,and the adverse events after HCP administration.RESULTS Following HCP administration,14 patients(93.3%)experienced a decrease in the degree of discomfort associated with their symptoms,with an average reduction to 44.7±35.1%compared to their discomfort levels before taking the drug.After treatment,the mean total K-IRLS score decreased significantly from 23.00±9.75 to 13.93±10.9(P=0.005).Among the HCP,a significant reduction in the K-IRLS score was observed in the Gyejibokryeonghwan(26.0±9.7 to 10.0±9.4,P=0.028)and Jakyakgamchotang(23.2±12.6 to 6.6±4.2,P=0.042)groups.Additionally,no adverse events were reported.CONCLUSION HCP improved symptoms in RLS patients.These results suggest that HCP may be an effective and safe alternative for RLS.A randomized controlled trial is required to confirm these findings.展开更多
China’s development plan is expected to highlight new priorities rather than high growth rates China aims to achieve"major breakthroughs"in economic restructuring and will take reform as"a powerful dri...China’s development plan is expected to highlight new priorities rather than high growth rates China aims to achieve"major breakthroughs"in economic restructuring and will take reform as"a powerful driving force" to accelerate the transformation of its economic development pattern.The Central Committee of the Communist Party展开更多
In the context of post-stimulation shale gas wells,the terms“shut-in”and“flowback”refer to two critical phases that occur after hydraulic fracturing(fracking)has been completed.These stages play a crucial role in ...In the context of post-stimulation shale gas wells,the terms“shut-in”and“flowback”refer to two critical phases that occur after hydraulic fracturing(fracking)has been completed.These stages play a crucial role in determining both the well’s initial production performance and its long-term hydrocarbon recovery.By establishing a comprehensive big data analysis platform,the flowback dynamics of over 1000 shale gas wells were analyzed in this work,leading to the development of an index system for evaluating flowback production capacity.Additionally,a shut-in chart was created for wells with different types of post-stimulation fracture networks,providing a structured approach to optimizing production strategies.A dynamic analysis method for flowback was also developed,using daily pressure drop and artificial fracture conductivity as key indicators.This method offers a systematic and effective approach to managing the shut-in and flowback processes for gas wells.Field trials demonstrated significant improvements:the probability of sand production was reduced,gas breakthrough time was extended,artificial fracture conductivity was enhanced,and the average estimated ultimate recovery(EUR)per well increased.展开更多
China’s once-in-a-decade census will release information essential for making strategic policies China is updating its demographic information through its once-in-a-decade population census. The
文摘Tolerance charting is an effective tool to determine the optimal allocation of working dimensions and working tolerances such that the blueprint dimensions and tolerances can be achieved to accomplish the cost objectives.The selection of machining datum and allocation of tolerances are critical in any machining process planning as they directly affect any setup methods/machine tools selection and machining time.This paper mainly focuses on the selection of optimum machining datums and machining tolerances simultaneously in process planning.A dynamic tolerance charting constraint scheme is developed and implemented in the optimization procedure.An optimization model is formulated for selecting machining datum and tolerances and implemented with an algorithm namely Elitist Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm（NSGA-II）.The computational results indicate that the proposed methodology is capable and robust in finding the optimal machining datum set and tolerances.
文摘THE Communist Party of China （CPC） set the blueprint for rule of law in the world＇s second-largest economy during a recent key meeting, which also high- lighted the Party leadership and the overarching role of the Constitution in the country＇s legal system. According to a communique issued after the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, held in Beijing from October 20 to 23, the overall target of the CPC＇s current drive is to build a country with socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics.
文摘The lianghui, or the annual Two Sessions of the National People＇s Congress （NPC） and the Chinese People＇s Political Consultative Conference （CPPCC） National Committee, are always a great political event in China, but more so this year, with groundbreaking outcomes.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars(JQ20036)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2021XD-A03-1).
文摘Introduction Since De Montbeillard characterized the first curve of his son's height in the late 18th century,growth charts have become increasingly essential for pediatricians to describe group-level variability and monitor the over-development of individual-level growth[1].Growth charts can provide a standardized statistical reference to estimate deviations in a child's physiological measurements(e.g.,height and weight).
文摘In light of rapid development of customer requirements, control procedures of quality concept use multivariate analysis. This is because of recent advances in information technology and in recording. The charting procedures are based on Mahalanobis distance but their performance needs normality and a type-I error rate choice. The DD-diagram is an alternative scheme that uses data depth to avoid these conditions rarely met in practice. For a given error-free sample, the performance of DD-diagram and that of multivariate EWMA control procedures are compared through a real example on individual observations taken from a multivariate quality process.
文摘Geological strength index(GSI)has been widely used as an input parameter in predicting the strength and deformation properties of rock masses.This study derived a series of equations to satisfy the original GSI lines on the basic GSI chart.Two axes ranging from 0 to 100 were employed for surface conditions of the discontinuities and the structure of rock mass,which are independent of the input parameters.The derived equations can analyze GSI values ranging from 0 to 100 within±5%error.The engineering dimensions(EDs)such as the slope height,tunnel width,and foundation width were used together with representative elementary volume(REV)in jointed rock mass to define scale factor(sf)from 0.2 to 1 in evaluating the rock mass structure including joint pattern.The transformation of GSI into a scaledependent parameter based on engineering scale addresses a crucial requirement in various engineering applications.The improvements proposed in this study were applied to a real slope which was close to the time of failure.The results of stability assessments show that the new proposals have sufficient capability to define rock mass quality considering EDs.
基金the National Science,Research and Innovation Fund(NSRF)King Mongkuts University of Technology North Bangkok under contract no.KMUTNB-FF-68-B-08.
文摘This study aims to examine the explicit solution for calculating the Average Run Length(ARL)on the triple exponentially weighted moving average(TEWMA)control chart applied to autoregressive model(AR(p)),where AR(p)is an autoregressive model of order p,representing a time series with dependencies on its p previous values.Additionally,the study evaluates the accuracy of both explicit and numerical integral equation(NIE)solutions for AR(p)using the TEWMA control chart,focusing on the absolute percentage relative error.The results indicate that the explicit and approximate solutions are in close agreement.Furthermore,the study investigates the performance of exponentially weighted moving average(EWMA)and TEWMA control charts in detecting changes in the process,using the relative mean index(RMI)as a measure.The findings demonstrate that the TEWMA control chart outperforms the EWMA control chart in detecting process changes,especially when the value ofλis sufficiently large.In addition,an analysis using historical data from the SET index between January 2024 and May 2024 and historical data of global annual plastic production,the results of both data sets also emphasize the superior performance of the TEWMA control chart.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52074332).
文摘Natural gas hydrates(hereinafter referred to as hydrates)are a promising clean energy source.However,their current development is far from reaching commercial exploitation.Reservoir stimulation tech-nology provides new approaches to enhance hydrate development effectiveness.Addressing the current lack of quantitative and objective methods for evaluating the fracability of hydrate reservoirs,this study clarifies the relationship between geological and engineering fracability and proposes a comprehensive evaluation model for hydrate reservoir fracability based on grey relational analysis and the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation method.By integrating results from hydraulic fracturing experiments on hydrate sediments,the fracability of hydrate reservoirs is assessed.The concept of critical construction parameter curves for hydrate reservoirs is introduced for the first time.Additionally,two-dimensional fracability index evaluation charts and three-dimensional fracability construction condition discrimination charts are established.The results indicate that as the comprehensive fracability index increases,the feasibility of forming fractures in hydrate reservoirs improves,and the required normalized fracturing construction parameters gradually decrease.The accuracy rate of the charts in judging experimental results reached 89.74%,enabling quick evaluations of whether hydrate reservoirs are worth fracturing,easy to fracture,and capable of being fractured.This has significant engineering implications forthehydraulicfracturingof hydratereservoirs.
文摘This study proposes a novel approach to optimizing individual work schedules for book digitization using mixed-integer programming (MIP). By leveraging the power of MIP solvers, we aimed to minimize the overall digitization time while considering various constraints and process dependencies. The book digitization process involves three key steps: cutting, scanning, and binding. Each step has specific requirements and limitations such as the number of pages that can be processed simultaneously and potential bottlenecks. To address these complexities, we formulate the problem as a one-machine job shop scheduling problem with additional constraints to capture the unique characteristics of book digitization. We conducted a series of experiments to evaluate the performance of our proposed approach. By comparing the optimized schedules with the baseline approach, we demonstrated significant reductions in the overall processing time. In addition, we analyzed the impact of different weighting schemes on the optimization results, highlighting the importance of identifying and prioritizing critical processes. Our findings suggest that MIP-based optimization can be a valuable tool for improving the efficiency of individual work schedules, even in seemingly simple tasks, such as book digitization. By carefully considering specific constraints and objectives, we can save time and leverage resources by carefully considering specific constraints and objectives.
基金supported by a grant from the Ministry of Research,Innovation and Digitization,CNCS/CCCDI-UEFISCDI,project number COFUND-CETP-SMART-LEM-1,within PNCDI Ⅳ.
文摘Extracting data from visually rich documents and charts using traditional methods that rely on OCR-based parsing poses multiple challenges,including layout complexity in unstructured formats,limitations in recognizing visual elements,and the correlation between different parts of the documents,as well as domain-specific semantics.Simply extracting text is not sufficient;advanced reasoning capabilities are proving to be essential to analyze content and answer questions accurately.This paper aims to evaluate the ability of the Large Language Models(LLMs)to correctly answer questions about various types of charts,comparing their performance when using images as input versus directly parsing PDF files.To retrieve the images from the PDF,ColPali,a model leveraging state-of-the-art visual languagemodels,is used to identify the relevant page containing the appropriate chart for each question.Google’s Gemini multimodal models were used to answer a set of questions through two approaches:1)processing images derived from PDF documents and 2)directly utilizing the content of the same PDFs.Our findings underscore the limitations of traditional OCR-based approaches in visual document understanding(VrDU)and demonstrate the advantages of multimodal methods in both data extraction and reasoning tasks.Through structured benchmarking of chart question answering(CQA)across input formats,our work contributes to the advancement of chart understanding(CU)and the broader field of multimodal document analysis.Using two diverse and information-rich sources:the World Health Statistics 2024 report by theWorld Health Organisation and the Global Banking Annual Review 2024 by McKinsey&Company,we examine the performance ofmultimodal LLMs across different input modalities,comparing their effectiveness in processing charts as images versus parsing directly from PDF content.These documents were selected due to their multimodal nature,combining dense textual analysis with varied visual representations,thus presenting realistic challenges for vision-language models.This comparison is aimed at assessing how advanced models perform with different input formats and to determine if an image-based approach enhances chart comprehension in terms of accurate data extraction and reasoning capabilities.
基金Supported by the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region's Key Research and Achievement Transformation plan (2023YFHH0093).
文摘The quality control chart of fructo-oligosaccharides in milk powder was established to determine whether the detection process and results are in control state.The content of fructo-oligosaccharides in milk powder control samples was determined by ion chromatography,and the quality control chart of fructo-oligosaccharides was established to analyze the controlled state.The results indicate that the median of the quality control chart is 1613.14 mg/100 g,and the standard deviation is 85.57 mg/100 g.The new quality control points were evaluated and analyzed,and the precision changed,but the mean value did not change.Further F test was conducted to determine that the precision did not change significantly,indicating that the test was in a statistical control state,and the detection process,method and results were controlled.
基金supported by the China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists(Grant No.52025112)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52331011 and 52301322)the Jiangsu Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.BK20220653).
文摘The wave attenuation performance of a floating breakwater is important in engineering applications.On the basis of potential flow theory,the analytical and simplified solutions of the transmission coefficient of a floating breakwater are deduced via velocity potential decompositions and eigenfunction expansions.The effects of the floating breakwater configuration,working sea state and motion response on the wave attenuation performance are described,facilitating a deeper investigation into the wave attenuation mechanism of the breakwater.The results indicate that the width and draft of the breakwater,incident wavelength,and motion response significantly affect the transmission coefficient of the breakwater.The wave passability rate,α1(α1=0.5−2B/L),is defined to qualitatively explain why long-period waves are difficult to control and attenuate.The radiation effect caused by the motion of the floating breakwater on the transmission coefficient is relatively complex,and the wave attenuation efficiency of the breakwater can be improved by optimizing the motion response.The incident wavelength and breakwater width are selected as the control parameters,and transmission coefficient charts of the floating breakwater for two-dimensional conditions are drawn,providing technical guidance for the configuration selection and design of the floating breakwater.
文摘The International Commission on Stratigraphy(ICS)has been producing and updating its International Chro-nostratigraphic Chart for several decades.The chart communicates higher-order divisions of geological time and actual knowledge on the numerical ages of their bound-aries.Distributed via the ICS website www.stratigraphy.org the chart promotes use in graphic,tabulated and further digital forms in multiple languages.This paper is a status update,eleven years since the last such publication,cov-ering activities between 2012 and 2024.Chart updates during the past decade have echoed the ICS’s primary objective of precisely defining a global standard set of time-correlative units(Systems,Series,Stages)for stratigraphic successions worldwide.These units are,in turn,the basis for the Periods,Epochs,and Ages of the Geological Time Scale.Their standardization is fundamental for expressing geological knowledge,in application and education,out-reach and continuing research.The chart offers a frame-work through which regional-scale higher-resolution divisions can be linked,equated and collated.Likewise it offers a framework for digital representation of the Geological Time Scale.Maintenance and distribution of chart versions on the web has been a manual endeavour,a process that ICS is upgrading to serve an increasingly digital world.
基金Supported by Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute(KHIDI),the Ministry of Health and Welfare,Republic of Korea,No.RS-2023-KH142002.
文摘BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome(RLS)is a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs during rest.Standard treatments may provide short-term relief but are limited by long-term adverse effects.Herbal medicine containing Paeoniae Radix(HCP)has traditionally been used in Korean medicine to treat RLS symptoms.AIM To investigate the clinical effectiveness and safety of HCP in treating RLS.METHODS This retrospective chart review study included 15 patients with RLS who were treated with HCP between September 2017 and August 2022 at the Kyung Hee University Korean Medicine Hospital.The demographic,disease-related,and treatment-related characteristics,as well as the impressions of each patient,were analyzed.The study also evaluated the changes in the subjective complaints of RLS symptoms,the Korean version of the International Restless Legs Scale(KIRLS)scores before and after treatment,and the adverse events after HCP administration.RESULTS Following HCP administration,14 patients(93.3%)experienced a decrease in the degree of discomfort associated with their symptoms,with an average reduction to 44.7±35.1%compared to their discomfort levels before taking the drug.After treatment,the mean total K-IRLS score decreased significantly from 23.00±9.75 to 13.93±10.9(P=0.005).Among the HCP,a significant reduction in the K-IRLS score was observed in the Gyejibokryeonghwan(26.0±9.7 to 10.0±9.4,P=0.028)and Jakyakgamchotang(23.2±12.6 to 6.6±4.2,P=0.042)groups.Additionally,no adverse events were reported.CONCLUSION HCP improved symptoms in RLS patients.These results suggest that HCP may be an effective and safe alternative for RLS.A randomized controlled trial is required to confirm these findings.
文摘China’s development plan is expected to highlight new priorities rather than high growth rates China aims to achieve"major breakthroughs"in economic restructuring and will take reform as"a powerful driving force" to accelerate the transformation of its economic development pattern.The Central Committee of the Communist Party
基金PetroChina Research Applied Science and Technology Project,“Shale Gas Scale Increase Production and Exploration andDevelopment Technology-Research and Application of Key Technology of Deep Shale Gas Scale Production”(No.2023ZZ21YJ01).
文摘In the context of post-stimulation shale gas wells,the terms“shut-in”and“flowback”refer to two critical phases that occur after hydraulic fracturing(fracking)has been completed.These stages play a crucial role in determining both the well’s initial production performance and its long-term hydrocarbon recovery.By establishing a comprehensive big data analysis platform,the flowback dynamics of over 1000 shale gas wells were analyzed in this work,leading to the development of an index system for evaluating flowback production capacity.Additionally,a shut-in chart was created for wells with different types of post-stimulation fracture networks,providing a structured approach to optimizing production strategies.A dynamic analysis method for flowback was also developed,using daily pressure drop and artificial fracture conductivity as key indicators.This method offers a systematic and effective approach to managing the shut-in and flowback processes for gas wells.Field trials demonstrated significant improvements:the probability of sand production was reduced,gas breakthrough time was extended,artificial fracture conductivity was enhanced,and the average estimated ultimate recovery(EUR)per well increased.
文摘China’s once-in-a-decade census will release information essential for making strategic policies China is updating its demographic information through its once-in-a-decade population census. The
