This paper reveals the travel characteristics;direct and indirect costs and travel times;users’perceptions with respect to reliability,comfort and safety;and impact of travel on the quality of academic performance fo...This paper reveals the travel characteristics;direct and indirect costs and travel times;users’perceptions with respect to reliability,comfort and safety;and impact of travel on the quality of academic performance for students in the Centro Acadêmico do Agreste of UFPE(CAA),located in Caruaru-PE(140 km from the capital)which has 3,000 students from 70 municipalities.Almost 50%of these students live in cities located within 100 km of Caruaru and commute for three hours on average(round-trip).These trips are mostly performed on non-regular intercity transportation,chartered by users or municipalities.This kind of transport,apparently inadequate in operational terms,makes access to higher education possible for a significant proportion of students,keeping them residents of their hometowns.展开更多
THE world should be celebrating the creation of the United Nations(UN)80 years ago.However,its very existence is threatened.China recognizes the UN as the core of the international system.The UN Charter is a legal tre...THE world should be celebrating the creation of the United Nations(UN)80 years ago.However,its very existence is threatened.China recognizes the UN as the core of the international system.The UN Charter is a legal treaty under which national governments freely agree to uphold values and principles of behaviour.As a manifestation of the principle of“the sovereign equality of members,”each has an equal vote in the General Assembly.展开更多
The preamble of the United Nations Charter,adopted after World War II,noted the determination of the peoples of the world“to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war,which twice in our lifetime has brought...The preamble of the United Nations Charter,adopted after World War II,noted the determination of the peoples of the world“to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war,which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind.”Given the scale of devastation,human suffering,and loss of life,it is appropriate to examine how humanity was pulled back from the abyss of World War II.展开更多
The charterparty is a legal contract of employing a vessel. In shipping matters, it is a highly important document since it allocates obligations, rights, duties, liabilities, risks, earnings, costs and profits betwee...The charterparty is a legal contract of employing a vessel. In shipping matters, it is a highly important document since it allocates obligations, rights, duties, liabilities, risks, earnings, costs and profits between the contracted parties, namely, the shipowner and the charterer. The interpretation of the above mentioned matters, as well as the understanding of charterparty terms, is considered of critical importance in chartering practice. Therefore, this paper constitutes a review of the most important aspects arising from charterparties in the main types of charter. The present study is based on shipping practices followed in accordance with the English Common Law throughout the chartering process （pre-fixture, fixture, execution of the charter, post fixture）. This is a synopsis about the distribution of the liabilities and expenses between the shipowner and the charterer in the most representative types of charter. The analysis is seen from a commercial stand point. Therefore, it is mostly addressed to the shipping practitioners, maritime economists, academics, students and researchers who seek to form a comprehensive view on the subject. It may also form a basis for further study on chartering aspects （legal, economic, managerial and practical）.展开更多
文摘This paper reveals the travel characteristics;direct and indirect costs and travel times;users’perceptions with respect to reliability,comfort and safety;and impact of travel on the quality of academic performance for students in the Centro Acadêmico do Agreste of UFPE(CAA),located in Caruaru-PE(140 km from the capital)which has 3,000 students from 70 municipalities.Almost 50%of these students live in cities located within 100 km of Caruaru and commute for three hours on average(round-trip).These trips are mostly performed on non-regular intercity transportation,chartered by users or municipalities.This kind of transport,apparently inadequate in operational terms,makes access to higher education possible for a significant proportion of students,keeping them residents of their hometowns.
文摘THE world should be celebrating the creation of the United Nations(UN)80 years ago.However,its very existence is threatened.China recognizes the UN as the core of the international system.The UN Charter is a legal treaty under which national governments freely agree to uphold values and principles of behaviour.As a manifestation of the principle of“the sovereign equality of members,”each has an equal vote in the General Assembly.
文摘The preamble of the United Nations Charter,adopted after World War II,noted the determination of the peoples of the world“to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war,which twice in our lifetime has brought untold sorrow to mankind.”Given the scale of devastation,human suffering,and loss of life,it is appropriate to examine how humanity was pulled back from the abyss of World War II.
文摘The charterparty is a legal contract of employing a vessel. In shipping matters, it is a highly important document since it allocates obligations, rights, duties, liabilities, risks, earnings, costs and profits between the contracted parties, namely, the shipowner and the charterer. The interpretation of the above mentioned matters, as well as the understanding of charterparty terms, is considered of critical importance in chartering practice. Therefore, this paper constitutes a review of the most important aspects arising from charterparties in the main types of charter. The present study is based on shipping practices followed in accordance with the English Common Law throughout the chartering process （pre-fixture, fixture, execution of the charter, post fixture）. This is a synopsis about the distribution of the liabilities and expenses between the shipowner and the charterer in the most representative types of charter. The analysis is seen from a commercial stand point. Therefore, it is mostly addressed to the shipping practitioners, maritime economists, academics, students and researchers who seek to form a comprehensive view on the subject. It may also form a basis for further study on chartering aspects （legal, economic, managerial and practical）.
