To explore fertilization methods for wine bamboo cultivation in southwestern semi-arid areas of China, this study analyzed annual changes in sap yield and nutrient composition from May 2013 to March 2015 by using bamb...To explore fertilization methods for wine bamboo cultivation in southwestern semi-arid areas of China, this study analyzed annual changes in sap yield and nutrient composition from May 2013 to March 2015 by using bamboo charcoal-based bio-fertilizer （ZT） and organic fertilizer treatments （CK）. The study also provided basic data for functional beverage preparation and for application of ZT. The results of the two experimental cycles revealed that under the ZT treatment, sap was available for collection from May, the beginning of the rainy season, to November, the beginning of the dry season. The period of abundance was July to October with the highest yield of sap of 3.18 L stalk-1 in September, 2014, still lower than the moso bamboo sap, which was likely due to the scale of sap production of monopodial bamboos being different from that of sympodial bamboos. In January, trace amounts of sap were still detected, suggesting that the effect of the treatment was significant. Moreover,in the dry season, soil water content and soil temperatures at 10-15 cm depths indicated that the fertilizer had the ability to maintain soil temperatures and moisture. In both fertilizer treatments, the correlation between the collected sap and environmental parameters was significant. In the ZT treatment for the entire 2 years, the effectual environ- mental factors were soil water at 10-15 cm, air tempera- tures, and wind speeds. The same determining factors were observed for the rainy season. In the CK treatments, the effectual environmental factors for the entire year and the rainy season were soil water at 0-5 cm and air moisture. The bamboo charcoal-based bio-fertilizer elevated the potassium, calcium, iron, manganese, copper, and total phosphorus content, simultaneously increasing the sap yield, protein and reducing sugar contents, and with a relative increase in sap pH. The wine bamboo sap con- tained 18 amino acids. Glutamic acid, alanine and proline were the most abundant. Compared to the controls, the treatment showed higher levels of all amino acids. Thus, the ZT treatment could be more beneficial to the development of root systems because the function of heat preservation and moisture retention prolong the sap collection period, increase sap yields, and elevate mineral element, conventional nutrients, and amino acid contents with evident fertilization effects and broader application prospects.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to reveal the effects of bamboo charcoal-based biochar(or bamboo charcoal for short)on soil enzyme activity and microbial community structure.[Methods]The field experiment was carr...[Objectives]This study was conducted to reveal the effects of bamboo charcoal-based biochar(or bamboo charcoal for short)on soil enzyme activity and microbial community structure.[Methods]The field experiment was carried out at the Modern Agriculture Demonstration Base of Gaoping Village,Gaoping Town,Suichang County,Zhejiang Province.Bamboo charcoal was applied at four different levels:T_(0)(no bamboo charcoal),T_(1)(1125 kg/hm^(2)bamboo charcoal),T_(2)(2250 kg/hm^(2)bamboo charcoal)and T_(3)(3375 kg/hm^(2)bamboo charcoal).Soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities in different treatments were measured.[Results]The soil fungal,bacterial and actinomycete populations increased significantly in the soils surrounding capsicum roots.The bacterial population,fungal population and fungus/bacterium ratio peaked in Treatment T_(2),up to 7.32×10^(6)cfu/g,2.65×10^(4)cfu/g and 0.36×10^(-2),respectively.The effect of bamboo charcoal in promotingβ-glucoside,catalase,acid phosphatase and sucrase activities was T_(2)>T_(3)>T_(1)>T_(0).With bamboo charcoal increasing,the bacterium population,fungus population,fungus/bacterium ratio,β-glucoside,catalase,acid phosphatase and sucrase activities all increased at first and then decreased.T_(2)treatment showed the best effects in improving soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structure.[Conclusions]Bamboo charcoal significantly improves soil enzyme activity and increases soil microbial population,and thus has important positive effects on the soil ecosystem.展开更多
基金supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LY14C030008)Forestry Industry Standard Project of China(2015LY-080)
文摘To explore fertilization methods for wine bamboo cultivation in southwestern semi-arid areas of China, this study analyzed annual changes in sap yield and nutrient composition from May 2013 to March 2015 by using bamboo charcoal-based bio-fertilizer （ZT） and organic fertilizer treatments （CK）. The study also provided basic data for functional beverage preparation and for application of ZT. The results of the two experimental cycles revealed that under the ZT treatment, sap was available for collection from May, the beginning of the rainy season, to November, the beginning of the dry season. The period of abundance was July to October with the highest yield of sap of 3.18 L stalk-1 in September, 2014, still lower than the moso bamboo sap, which was likely due to the scale of sap production of monopodial bamboos being different from that of sympodial bamboos. In January, trace amounts of sap were still detected, suggesting that the effect of the treatment was significant. Moreover,in the dry season, soil water content and soil temperatures at 10-15 cm depths indicated that the fertilizer had the ability to maintain soil temperatures and moisture. In both fertilizer treatments, the correlation between the collected sap and environmental parameters was significant. In the ZT treatment for the entire 2 years, the effectual environ- mental factors were soil water at 10-15 cm, air tempera- tures, and wind speeds. The same determining factors were observed for the rainy season. In the CK treatments, the effectual environmental factors for the entire year and the rainy season were soil water at 0-5 cm and air moisture. The bamboo charcoal-based bio-fertilizer elevated the potassium, calcium, iron, manganese, copper, and total phosphorus content, simultaneously increasing the sap yield, protein and reducing sugar contents, and with a relative increase in sap pH. The wine bamboo sap con- tained 18 amino acids. Glutamic acid, alanine and proline were the most abundant. Compared to the controls, the treatment showed higher levels of all amino acids. Thus, the ZT treatment could be more beneficial to the development of root systems because the function of heat preservation and moisture retention prolong the sap collection period, increase sap yields, and elevate mineral element, conventional nutrients, and amino acid contents with evident fertilization effects and broader application prospects.
基金Supported by Special Fund of Lishui City for Public Interest(2021GYX11)Special Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Finance for Basic Research and Development of Bamboo Charcoal-based Soil Conditioner(20180021)Key Research and Development Project of Zhejiang Province(2018C02031)。
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to reveal the effects of bamboo charcoal-based biochar(or bamboo charcoal for short)on soil enzyme activity and microbial community structure.[Methods]The field experiment was carried out at the Modern Agriculture Demonstration Base of Gaoping Village,Gaoping Town,Suichang County,Zhejiang Province.Bamboo charcoal was applied at four different levels:T_(0)(no bamboo charcoal),T_(1)(1125 kg/hm^(2)bamboo charcoal),T_(2)(2250 kg/hm^(2)bamboo charcoal)and T_(3)(3375 kg/hm^(2)bamboo charcoal).Soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities in different treatments were measured.[Results]The soil fungal,bacterial and actinomycete populations increased significantly in the soils surrounding capsicum roots.The bacterial population,fungal population and fungus/bacterium ratio peaked in Treatment T_(2),up to 7.32×10^(6)cfu/g,2.65×10^(4)cfu/g and 0.36×10^(-2),respectively.The effect of bamboo charcoal in promotingβ-glucoside,catalase,acid phosphatase and sucrase activities was T_(2)>T_(3)>T_(1)>T_(0).With bamboo charcoal increasing,the bacterium population,fungus population,fungus/bacterium ratio,β-glucoside,catalase,acid phosphatase and sucrase activities all increased at first and then decreased.T_(2)treatment showed the best effects in improving soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structure.[Conclusions]Bamboo charcoal significantly improves soil enzyme activity and increases soil microbial population,and thus has important positive effects on the soil ecosystem.
