A nonlinear multi-scale interaction(NMI)model was proposed and developed by the first author for nearly 30 years to represent the evolution of atmospheric blocking.In this review paper,we first review the creation and...A nonlinear multi-scale interaction(NMI)model was proposed and developed by the first author for nearly 30 years to represent the evolution of atmospheric blocking.In this review paper,we first review the creation and development of the NMI model and then emphasize that the NMI model represents a new tool for identifying the basic physics of how climate change influences mid-to-high latitude weather extremes.The building of the NMI model took place over three main periods.In the 1990s,a nonlinear Schr?dinger(NLS)equation model was presented to describe atmospheric blocking as a wave packet;however,it could not depict the lifetime(10-20 days)of atmospheric blocking.In the 2000s,we proposed an NMI model of atmospheric blocking in a uniform basic flow by making a scale-separation assumption and deriving an eddyforced NLS equation.This model succeeded in describing the life cycle of atmospheric blocking.In the 2020s,the NMI model was extended to include the impact of a changing climate mainly by altering the basic zonal winds and the magnitude of the meridional background potential vorticity gradient(PVy).Model results show that when PVy is smaller,blocking has a weaker dispersion and a stronger nonlinearity,so blocking can be more persistent and have a larger zonal scale and weaker eastward movement,thus favoring stronger weather extremes.However,when PVy is much smaller and below a critical threshold under much stronger winter Arctic warming of global warming,atmospheric blocking becomes locally less persistent and shows a much stronger westward movement,which acts to inhibit local cold extremes.Such a case does not happen in summer under global warming because PVy fails to fall below the critical threshold.Thus,our theory indicates that global warming can render summer-blocking anticyclones and mid-to-high latitude heatwaves more persistent,intense,and widespread.展开更多
Making plans is a good idea,but every one's schedule looks differe nt.You may have to talk about your plans before you're able to make some.It could sound like this:You ask,"Do you have plans this Friday ...Making plans is a good idea,but every one's schedule looks differe nt.You may have to talk about your plans before you're able to make some.It could sound like this:You ask,"Do you have plans this Friday night?"If the person already has plans,they may say,"I do.But I'm free on Saturday."If that day doesn't work for you,you can say,"I'm not available that day.How about Sunday after no on?"After you figure out the day and time,mark it on your calendar.展开更多
This study,based on the theory of shifting essence and changing Qi in Inner Canon of Huangdi,deeply explores the theoretical basis,operation method of Conception Vessel Dredging Therapy and its influence on human heal...This study,based on the theory of shifting essence and changing Qi in Inner Canon of Huangdi,deeply explores the theoretical basis,operation method of Conception Vessel Dredging Therapy and its influence on human health.Through case analysis and the statistical analysis of medical records during the pandemic,it reveals the remarkable effects of this method in regulating the endocrine system,improving metabolism,and relieving physical and mental diseases.It provides a theoretical and practical basis for the application of traditional Chinese medicine anti-aging therapy in the modern health field,and helps to explore new ways to delay aging and improve physical and mental health.展开更多
The El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is a key driver of global climate variability,profoundly influencing regional fire activities and associated pollutant emissions.This study investigates the impacts of ENSO o...The El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is a key driver of global climate variability,profoundly influencing regional fire activities and associated pollutant emissions.This study investigates the impacts of ENSO on global fire emissions and fire-induced PM_(2.5)concentrations in 2000-2023.During El Niño events,global fire emissions increase by 5.9%-20.0%with regional hotspots in Indonesia,North America,and Australia,driven by anomalous warming and rainfall deficits.In contrast,La Niña events result in a 3.2%-9.9%reduction in global fire emissions,with regional variability depending on the fire inventories used.In response,fire-induced PM_(2.5)concentrations increase substantially during El Niño,rising by 27.5%-71.0%in Indonesia,49.2%-116.5%in North America,and 17.5%-42.6%in Australia.Conversely,La Niña events lead to decreases of 26.6%-52.5%,19.4%-37.3%,14.5%-24.4%in these regions,respectively.These findings highlight the critical role of ENSO in shaping fire emissions and air pollution from regional to global scales,providing valuable insights for mitigating the impacts of climatic extremes on air quality.展开更多
Protecting rare,endemic,and endangered species requires careful habitat evaluation to set strategic plans for mitigating biodiversity loss and prioritizing conservation goals.The endangered Asian elephant(Elephas maxi...Protecting rare,endemic,and endangered species requires careful habitat evaluation to set strategic plans for mitigating biodiversity loss and prioritizing conservation goals.The endangered Asian elephant(Elephas maximus)exemplifies the urgent need for targeted conservation efforts,given its challenging habitat conditions.This study examines the impact of climate and land use changes on the suitable habitat distribution of Asian elephants.Utilizing ten predictor variables,including climatic,topographic,and land use data,and employing six ensemble Species Distribution Models(SDMs)alongside Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 data,the study estimates spatial changes and potential habitat expansions for Asian elephants across Tropical Asia.Occurrence data were gathered from field surveys in Bangladesh and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility database for Sri Lanka,Myanmar,Bhutan,Cambodia,India,Laos,Nepal,Thailand,and Vietnam.To evaluate habitat suitability,the analysis considered two distinct socioeconomic pathways(SSP 245 and SSP 370)across two future periods(2041–2060 and 2061–2080).Results reveal a strong correlation between isothermality and habitat suitability,with higher isothermality enhancing the habitat conditions for Asian elephants.Among the SDMs,the random forest model demonstrated the highest performance.Projected scenarios indicate significant habitat fragmentation by 2061–2080,heightening the risk of species’vulnerability.Specifically,in SSP 245,the north zone is anticipated to experience a higher rate of habitat loss(588.443 km^(2)/year),whereas,in SSP 370,the west zone is expected to face a more severe rate of habitat loss(1,798.56 km^(2)/year).The eastern zone,which includes Cambodia,Vietnam,Laos,Thailand,and southern Myanmar,is notably at risk,with an estimated habitat loss of 14.8 million hectares.Anticipated changes in climate and land cover will impact the availability of essential resources such as food,water,and shelter,potentially driving the species to relocate to different elevation belts.The outcomes of the consensus map highlighting critical habitats and future fragmentation scenarios will support effective conservation and management strategies for the species.展开更多
The interactions between fire,ecosystems,and climate are complex.Tropical ecosystems have dominated global active fires nowadays,yet its causes,mechanisms,and consequences remain relatively poorly understood.To in-ves...The interactions between fire,ecosystems,and climate are complex.Tropical ecosystems have dominated global active fires nowadays,yet its causes,mechanisms,and consequences remain relatively poorly understood.To in-vestigate temporal response of remotely-sensed active fires to intra-annual climate change,several 1-km datasets,including the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Collection 6(MODIS C6)active fires and the Cli-matologies at High Resolution for the Earth’s Land Surface Areas(CHELSA)climate variables,were gathered to examine the climatic characteristics of active fire incidences,fire-climate correlations,and the average monthly response of active fire occurrences to climate change using the Geographic Information System(GIS)Fishnet tool,Theil-Sen Median slope estimation,Mann-Kendall significance test,and Pearson’s correlation.We concluded that climate variables’trends of nearly two-decade active fires displayed varied degrees of increment in precipitation(Pre),temperature(Tas),and surface downwelling shortwave radiation(Rsds)and inconsistent decrement in near-surface relative humidity(Hurs)and near-surface wind speed(sfcWind).MODIS multi-year(2003-2018)active fires were moderately to strongly correlated negatively with Pre and Hurs at 10 km grid-resolution but positively with sfcWind and Rsds,showing marked geographical variations in correlation direction and strength.The most significant finding is the newly observed inverse relationship between active fires and precipitation on both sides of the equator.High occurrence areas of active fires regularly appear back and forth along with latitudinal changes(at one-degree intervals)in monthly minimum precipitation between the tropical Northern and Southern Hemispheres.The present study contributes to exploring the underlying mechanism of fire-climate interactions against the backdrop of climate warming.展开更多
In order to simulate changes in the water quality of the Miyun Reservoir dueto continuous descent of surface water level, a 3-D ecological hydrodynamic model was developedthrough coupling the water quality analysis si...In order to simulate changes in the water quality of the Miyun Reservoir dueto continuous descent of surface water level, a 3-D ecological hydrodynamic model was developedthrough coupling the water quality analysis simulation program (WASP) with the environmental fluiddynamics code (EFDC). The model was then calibrated and verified. Four scenarios (S1, S21, S22 andS23) were simulated using the model. Results show that the water quality of the Miyun Reservoirunder conditions of low surface water level is apparently affected by different amounts of inflowand different total phosphorus (TP) loadings. The chlorophyll-a concentration might exceed 10 μg/Lin many areas of the Miyun Reservoir (This limitative value is seen as a critical value ofeutrophication) when large loadings of TP enter due to the amount of inflow increasing. Results ofscenario S23 indicate that control of TP loadings can decrease chlorophyll-a concentrationeffectively, and the water quality of the Miyun Reservoir will improve or retain its status quo.展开更多
By introducing geological and natural conditions of Shuangtaizi Estuary Wetland,a national nature reserve,and borrowing Landsat5 TM wetland data of the year 1987 and 2005,the core area of Shuangtaizi Estuary Wetland i...By introducing geological and natural conditions of Shuangtaizi Estuary Wetland,a national nature reserve,and borrowing Landsat5 TM wetland data of the year 1987 and 2005,the core area of Shuangtaizi Estuary Wetland is studied,areas of its natural water,mudflat,seepweed beach,culture zone,reservoir and swag,reed field,rice field and non-wetland landscape are respectively analyzed,as well as the changes of wetland community,water quality,waterfowl quantity and species.It is found that the study area is suffering from serious fragmentation of wetland,reducing reed yield,degrading water quality,decreasing bird species and amount,which implies that the degraded wetland environment has imposed threats on the survival of some wetland species.Root causes of such a result are analyzed from the perspectives of regional climate changes and human interventions;while regional climate changes include obvious temperature increase and precipitation decrease,human interventions include oil exploration,reclamation of land from the lake,overuse of biotic resources,environment pollution.Due to the interactive influence of these two factors,ecosystem of Shuangtaizi Estuary Wetland has experienced drastic changes,which should be attached sufficient importance by relevant departments so as to enhance its protection and management.展开更多
By analyzing the target's motion pattern, in terms of the requirement for the performance indexes of the follow up system, the structure changing control and time optimal theory is proposed. The system's co...By analyzing the target's motion pattern, in terms of the requirement for the performance indexes of the follow up system, the structure changing control and time optimal theory is proposed. The system's control scheme from three different aspects(the dynamic response simulation, compound control simulation and dynamic tracking simulation) is also studied. And all the results proved the feasibility of the synthetical utilization of the open loop control, speed decreased control and position closed loop control.展开更多
To provide basic information for studying balancing mechanism of nutrition environment in aquaculture ponds, sediment samples were collected periodically during the breeding process of tilapia in ponds. Then various t...To provide basic information for studying balancing mechanism of nutrition environment in aquaculture ponds, sediment samples were collected periodically during the breeding process of tilapia in ponds. Then various types of nutrient content of the samples were detected and the changing rule was summarized. The results showed that dry weight of the sediment and content of TP, TN and TOC generally presented a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The main production period of each nutrient was from July to September and the production percentage was close to 80% of the total production. The content of NH4^＋-N increased gradually and reached a peak in early August, then maintained at the peak level. NO2^--N content of the sediment in each pond was basically the same in the earlier aquaculture stage and decreased in middle stage with a big difference, then rose again in the later stage.展开更多
Global environmental changes including climate warming,extreme weather events,ambient air pollution,freshwater contamination,and landscape transformation are reshaping the epidemiology of infectious diseases with unpr...Global environmental changes including climate warming,extreme weather events,ambient air pollution,freshwater contamination,and landscape transformation are reshaping the epidemiology of infectious diseases with unprecedented complexity,particularly in the post-COVID-19 era.This review synthesizes evidence from the past decade(2015-2024)to systematically elucidate how key environmental drivers modulate pathogen emergence,transmission dynamics,and clinical outcomes,with a focus on underlying mechanistic pathways.Specifically,we highlight:(1)the temperature-and precipitation-dependent transmission of vector-borne diseases(e.g.,malaria,dengue)via expanded vector habitats and accelerated pathogen incubation;(2)the exacerbation of respiratory infections(including COVID-19)by particulate matter(PM2.5)and nitrogen dioxide(NO2)through impaired mucosal immunity and enhanced inflammatory responses;(3)the persistence of diarrheal diseases in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)linked to water insecurity and climate-induced infrastructure failure;and(4)zoonotic spillover risks amplified by urbanization and deforestation-driven human-wildlife interface disruption.Integrating the One Health socioecological framework,we further summarize methodological advances from high-resolution genomic surveillance to climate-informed machine learning models that have improved causal inference and predictive accuracy.Our synthesis confirms that environmental factors are not merely contextual but central,modifiable determinants of infectious disease risk,with disproportionate impacts on vulnerable populations.To mitigate future threats,we emphasize the urgency of interdisciplinary collaboration,integrated environmental-health monitoring platforms,and climate-resilient public health policies tailored to post-pandemic challenges.This review provides a timely roadmap for translating environmental epidemiology insights into actionable strategies to strengthen global health resilience.展开更多
BACKGROUND Lumbar interbody fusion(LIF)is the primary treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases.Elderly patients are prone to anxiety and depression after undergoing surgery,which affects their postoperative recovery...BACKGROUND Lumbar interbody fusion(LIF)is the primary treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases.Elderly patients are prone to anxiety and depression after undergoing surgery,which affects their postoperative recovery speed and quality of life.Effective prevention of anxiety and depression in elderly patients has become an urgent problem.AIM To investigate the trajectory of anxiety and depression levels in elderly patients after LIF,and the influencing factors.METHODS Random sampling was used to select 239 elderly patients who underwent LIF from January 2020 to December 2024 in Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital.General information and surgery-related indices were recorded,and participants completed measures of psychological status,lumbar spine dysfunction,and quality of life.A latent class growth model was used to analyze the post-LIF trajectory of anxiety and depression levels,and unordered multi-categorical logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.RESULTS Three trajectories of change in anxiety level were identified:Increasing anxiety(n=26,10.88%),decreasing anxiety(n=27,11.30%),and stable anxiety(n=186,77.82%).Likewise,three trajectories of change in depression level were identified:Increasing depression(n=30,12.55%),decreasing depression(n=26,10.88%),and stable depression(n=183,76.57%).Regression analysis showed that having no partner,female sex,elevated Oswestry dysfunction index(ODI)scores,and reduced 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scores all contributed to increased anxiety levels,whereas female sex,postoperative opioid use,and elevated ODI scores all contributed to increased depression levels.CONCLUSION During clinical observation,combining factors to predict anxiety and depression in post-LIF elderly patients enables timely intervention,quickens recovery,and enhances quality of life.展开更多
Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)patients face significant psychological challenges alongside physical symptoms,necessitating a comprehensive understanding of how psychological vulnerability and adaptation patterns evolve thro...Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)patients face significant psychological challenges alongside physical symptoms,necessitating a comprehensive understanding of how psychological vulnerability and adaptation patterns evolve throughout the disease course.This review examined 95 studies(2000-2025)from PubMed,Web of Science,and CNKI databases including longitudinal cohorts,randomized controlled trials,and mixed-methods research,to characterize the complex interplay between biological,psychological,and social factors affecting RA patients’mental health.Findings revealed three distinct vulnerability trajectories(45%persistently low,30%fluctuating improvement,25%persistently high)and four adaptation stages,with critical intervention periods occurring 3-6 months postdiagnosis and during disease flares.Multiple factors significantly influence psychological outcomes,including gender(females showing 1.8-fold increased risk),age(younger patients experiencing 42%higher vulnerability),pain intensity,inflammatory markers,and neuroendocrine dysregulation(48%showing cortisol rhythm disruption).Early psychological intervention(within 3 months of diagnosis)demonstrated robust benefits,reducing depression incidence by 42%with effects persisting 24-36 months,while different modalities showed complementary advantages:Cognitive behavioral therapy for depression(Cohen’s d=0.68),mindfulness for pain acceptance(38%improvement),and peer support for meaning reconstruction(25.6%increase).These findings underscore the importance of integrating routine psychological assessment into standard RA care,developing stage-appropriate interventions,and advancing research toward personalized biopsychosocial approaches that address the dynamic psychological dimensions of the disease.展开更多
Global warming induced by increased CO_(2) has caused marked changes in the ocean.Previous estimates of ocean salinity change in response to global warming have considerable ambiguity,largely attributable to the diver...Global warming induced by increased CO_(2) has caused marked changes in the ocean.Previous estimates of ocean salinity change in response to global warming have considerable ambiguity,largely attributable to the diverse sensitivities of surface fluxes.This study utilizes data from the Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project to investigate how ocean salinity responds to perturbations of surface fluxes.The findings indicate the emergence of a sea surface salinity(SSS)dipole pattern predominantly in the North Atlantic and Pacific fresh pools,driven by surface flux perturbations.This results in an intensification of the“salty gets saltier and fresh gets fresher”SSS pattern across the global ocean.The spatial pattern amplification(PA)of SSS under global warming is estimated to be approximately 11.5%,with surface water flux perturbations being the most significant contributor to salinity PA,accounting for 8.1% of the change after 70 years in experiments since pre-industrial control(piControl).Notably,the zonal-depth distribution of salinity in the upper ocean exhibits lighter seawater above the denser water,with bowed isopycnals in the upper 400 m.This stable stratification inhibits vertical mixing of salinity and temperature.In response to the flux perturbations,there is a strong positive feedback due to consequent freshening.It is hypothesized that under global warming,an SSS amplification of 7.2%/℃ and a mixed-layer depth amplification of 12.5%/℃ will occur in the global ocean.It suggests that the salinity effect can exert a more stable ocean to hinder the downward transfer of heat,which provides positive feedback to future global warming.展开更多
Aging,mitochondria,and neurodegenerative diseases:Aging is often viewed as the buildup of changes that lead to the gradual transformations associated with getting older,along with a rising likelihood of disease and mo...Aging,mitochondria,and neurodegenerative diseases:Aging is often viewed as the buildup of changes that lead to the gradual transformations associated with getting older,along with a rising likelihood of disease and mortality.Although organis m-wide deterioration is observed during aging,organs with high metabolic demand,such as the brain,are more vulnerable.展开更多
AIM:To ascertain the pattern of ocular morbidity in a population of primary school children in rural Kenya as it is a prerequisite for planning effective preventive and therapeutic strategies.METHODS:A cross-sectional...AIM:To ascertain the pattern of ocular morbidity in a population of primary school children in rural Kenya as it is a prerequisite for planning effective preventive and therapeutic strategies.METHODS:A cross-sectional survey of ocular symptoms and clinical eye examinations were performed in a sample of 35 rural primary schools in the semi-arid region of Kajiado West sub-county in S.W.Kenya,amongst a seminomadic tribe(Maasai).Students in Grades 1-8 were included.Visual acuity was measured using the Snellen“tumbling E”chart at 6 m.Children with symptoms of refractive error underwent non-cycloplegic refraction.RESULTS:A total of 2036 children(1084 males)between the ages of 4-20y were examined.Conjunctival actinic changes were present in 22%(442/2036).Nine cases were seen with a potential squamous carcinoma.No overt classical ocular signs of vitamin A deficiency were noted,although 181(8.9%)children complained of nyctalopia.Three hundred thirty-six(16.5%)children had a visual acuity worse than 6/12 in either eye,were unable to read N10 near text at 40 cm or had symptoms suggestive of refractive error.Refractive data led to an estimate of hyperopia of+1.00 D or more in 3.9%and of myopia of-0.50 D or more in either eye in 3.0%of the study population.CONCLUSION:Solar exposure-and dust-related conjunctival pathology is common.As this may develop into potentially sight-or even life-threatening conditions,it warrants further study,and preventive strategies may be needed.Complaints of nyctalopia were common and could suggest vitamin A deficiency.The prevalence of refractive errors is low in this rural African population.展开更多
Adult neurogenesis is a highly dynamic process that leads to the production of new neurons from a population of quiescent neural stem cells(NSCs).In response to specific endogenous and/or external stimuli,NSCs enter a...Adult neurogenesis is a highly dynamic process that leads to the production of new neurons from a population of quiescent neural stem cells(NSCs).In response to specific endogenous and/or external stimuli,NSCs enter a state of mitotic activation,initiating proliferation and differentiation pathways.Throughout this process,NSCs give rise to neural progenitors,which undergo multiple replicative and differentiative steps,each governed by precise molecular pathways that coordinate cellular changes and signals from the surrounding neurogenic niche.展开更多
Dear Editor,We present a case of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy(AZOOR)complex in a myopic patient with angioid streaks(ASs).A 19-year-old female has been experiencing visual field defects in her left eye for mor...Dear Editor,We present a case of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy(AZOOR)complex in a myopic patient with angioid streaks(ASs).A 19-year-old female has been experiencing visual field defects in her left eye for more than 3y.She was diagnosed with ASs and choroiditis at a local hospital.She has a seven-year history of bilateral high myopia.A fundus examination confirmed the presence of ASs and myopic fundus changes in both eyes.Multimodal imaging revealed an AZOOR complex in the left eye.展开更多
Located in a monsoon domain,East Asia suffers devastating natural hazards induced by anomalous monsoon behaviors.East Asian monsoon(EAM)research has traditionally been a high priority for the Chinese climate community...Located in a monsoon domain,East Asia suffers devastating natural hazards induced by anomalous monsoon behaviors.East Asian monsoon(EAM)research has traditionally been a high priority for the Chinese climate community and is particularly challenging in a changing climate where the global mean temperature has been rising.Recent advances in studies of the variabilities and mechanisms of the EAM are reviewed in this paper,focusing on the interannual to interdecadal time scales.Some new results have been achieved in understanding the behaviors of the EAM,such as the evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM),including both its onset and withdrawal over the South China Sea,the changes in the northern boundary activity of the EASM,or the transitional climate zone in East Asia,and the cycle of the EASM and the East Asian winter monsoon and their linkages.In addition,understanding of the mechanism of the EAM variability has improved in several aspects,including the impacts of different types of ENSO on the EAM,the impacts from the Indian Ocean and Atlantic Ocean,and the roles of mid-to high-latitude processes.Finally,some scientific issues regarding our understanding of the EAM are proposed for future investigation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42150204 and 2288101)supported by the China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX20230045)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M730279)。
文摘A nonlinear multi-scale interaction(NMI)model was proposed and developed by the first author for nearly 30 years to represent the evolution of atmospheric blocking.In this review paper,we first review the creation and development of the NMI model and then emphasize that the NMI model represents a new tool for identifying the basic physics of how climate change influences mid-to-high latitude weather extremes.The building of the NMI model took place over three main periods.In the 1990s,a nonlinear Schr?dinger(NLS)equation model was presented to describe atmospheric blocking as a wave packet;however,it could not depict the lifetime(10-20 days)of atmospheric blocking.In the 2000s,we proposed an NMI model of atmospheric blocking in a uniform basic flow by making a scale-separation assumption and deriving an eddyforced NLS equation.This model succeeded in describing the life cycle of atmospheric blocking.In the 2020s,the NMI model was extended to include the impact of a changing climate mainly by altering the basic zonal winds and the magnitude of the meridional background potential vorticity gradient(PVy).Model results show that when PVy is smaller,blocking has a weaker dispersion and a stronger nonlinearity,so blocking can be more persistent and have a larger zonal scale and weaker eastward movement,thus favoring stronger weather extremes.However,when PVy is much smaller and below a critical threshold under much stronger winter Arctic warming of global warming,atmospheric blocking becomes locally less persistent and shows a much stronger westward movement,which acts to inhibit local cold extremes.Such a case does not happen in summer under global warming because PVy fails to fall below the critical threshold.Thus,our theory indicates that global warming can render summer-blocking anticyclones and mid-to-high latitude heatwaves more persistent,intense,and widespread.
文摘Making plans is a good idea,but every one's schedule looks differe nt.You may have to talk about your plans before you're able to make some.It could sound like this:You ask,"Do you have plans this Friday night?"If the person already has plans,they may say,"I do.But I'm free on Saturday."If that day doesn't work for you,you can say,"I'm not available that day.How about Sunday after no on?"After you figure out the day and time,mark it on your calendar.
基金Supported by Natural Science Foundation of China,Taoist Qi Healing the World Project(Project No.:71971359).
文摘This study,based on the theory of shifting essence and changing Qi in Inner Canon of Huangdi,deeply explores the theoretical basis,operation method of Conception Vessel Dredging Therapy and its influence on human health.Through case analysis and the statistical analysis of medical records during the pandemic,it reveals the remarkable effects of this method in regulating the endocrine system,improving metabolism,and relieving physical and mental diseases.It provides a theoretical and practical basis for the application of traditional Chinese medicine anti-aging therapy in the modern health field,and helps to explore new ways to delay aging and improve physical and mental health.
基金jointly supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China[grant number 2023YFF0805402]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number42405107]+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province[grant number BK20240715]the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent[grant number 2023ZB113]。
文摘The El Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)is a key driver of global climate variability,profoundly influencing regional fire activities and associated pollutant emissions.This study investigates the impacts of ENSO on global fire emissions and fire-induced PM_(2.5)concentrations in 2000-2023.During El Niño events,global fire emissions increase by 5.9%-20.0%with regional hotspots in Indonesia,North America,and Australia,driven by anomalous warming and rainfall deficits.In contrast,La Niña events result in a 3.2%-9.9%reduction in global fire emissions,with regional variability depending on the fire inventories used.In response,fire-induced PM_(2.5)concentrations increase substantially during El Niño,rising by 27.5%-71.0%in Indonesia,49.2%-116.5%in North America,and 17.5%-42.6%in Australia.Conversely,La Niña events lead to decreases of 26.6%-52.5%,19.4%-37.3%,14.5%-24.4%in these regions,respectively.These findings highlight the critical role of ENSO in shaping fire emissions and air pollution from regional to global scales,providing valuable insights for mitigating the impacts of climatic extremes on air quality.
基金funded by USAID’s Community Partnerships to Strengthen Sustainable Development(Compass)Program implemented by U.S.Forest Service International Programs(Grant No.Compass-SA-2023-073).
文摘Protecting rare,endemic,and endangered species requires careful habitat evaluation to set strategic plans for mitigating biodiversity loss and prioritizing conservation goals.The endangered Asian elephant(Elephas maximus)exemplifies the urgent need for targeted conservation efforts,given its challenging habitat conditions.This study examines the impact of climate and land use changes on the suitable habitat distribution of Asian elephants.Utilizing ten predictor variables,including climatic,topographic,and land use data,and employing six ensemble Species Distribution Models(SDMs)alongside Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 data,the study estimates spatial changes and potential habitat expansions for Asian elephants across Tropical Asia.Occurrence data were gathered from field surveys in Bangladesh and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility database for Sri Lanka,Myanmar,Bhutan,Cambodia,India,Laos,Nepal,Thailand,and Vietnam.To evaluate habitat suitability,the analysis considered two distinct socioeconomic pathways(SSP 245 and SSP 370)across two future periods(2041–2060 and 2061–2080).Results reveal a strong correlation between isothermality and habitat suitability,with higher isothermality enhancing the habitat conditions for Asian elephants.Among the SDMs,the random forest model demonstrated the highest performance.Projected scenarios indicate significant habitat fragmentation by 2061–2080,heightening the risk of species’vulnerability.Specifically,in SSP 245,the north zone is anticipated to experience a higher rate of habitat loss(588.443 km^(2)/year),whereas,in SSP 370,the west zone is expected to face a more severe rate of habitat loss(1,798.56 km^(2)/year).The eastern zone,which includes Cambodia,Vietnam,Laos,Thailand,and southern Myanmar,is notably at risk,with an estimated habitat loss of 14.8 million hectares.Anticipated changes in climate and land cover will impact the availability of essential resources such as food,water,and shelter,potentially driving the species to relocate to different elevation belts.The outcomes of the consensus map highlighting critical habitats and future fragmentation scenarios will support effective conservation and management strategies for the species.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42371282 and 42130508)the Second Ti-betan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program(Grant No.2019QZKK1006)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.2020055)。
文摘The interactions between fire,ecosystems,and climate are complex.Tropical ecosystems have dominated global active fires nowadays,yet its causes,mechanisms,and consequences remain relatively poorly understood.To in-vestigate temporal response of remotely-sensed active fires to intra-annual climate change,several 1-km datasets,including the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Collection 6(MODIS C6)active fires and the Cli-matologies at High Resolution for the Earth’s Land Surface Areas(CHELSA)climate variables,were gathered to examine the climatic characteristics of active fire incidences,fire-climate correlations,and the average monthly response of active fire occurrences to climate change using the Geographic Information System(GIS)Fishnet tool,Theil-Sen Median slope estimation,Mann-Kendall significance test,and Pearson’s correlation.We concluded that climate variables’trends of nearly two-decade active fires displayed varied degrees of increment in precipitation(Pre),temperature(Tas),and surface downwelling shortwave radiation(Rsds)and inconsistent decrement in near-surface relative humidity(Hurs)and near-surface wind speed(sfcWind).MODIS multi-year(2003-2018)active fires were moderately to strongly correlated negatively with Pre and Hurs at 10 km grid-resolution but positively with sfcWind and Rsds,showing marked geographical variations in correlation direction and strength.The most significant finding is the newly observed inverse relationship between active fires and precipitation on both sides of the equator.High occurrence areas of active fires regularly appear back and forth along with latitudinal changes(at one-degree intervals)in monthly minimum precipitation between the tropical Northern and Southern Hemispheres.The present study contributes to exploring the underlying mechanism of fire-climate interactions against the backdrop of climate warming.
文摘In order to simulate changes in the water quality of the Miyun Reservoir dueto continuous descent of surface water level, a 3-D ecological hydrodynamic model was developedthrough coupling the water quality analysis simulation program (WASP) with the environmental fluiddynamics code (EFDC). The model was then calibrated and verified. Four scenarios (S1, S21, S22 andS23) were simulated using the model. Results show that the water quality of the Miyun Reservoirunder conditions of low surface water level is apparently affected by different amounts of inflowand different total phosphorus (TP) loadings. The chlorophyll-a concentration might exceed 10 μg/Lin many areas of the Miyun Reservoir (This limitative value is seen as a critical value ofeutrophication) when large loadings of TP enter due to the amount of inflow increasing. Results ofscenario S23 indicate that control of TP loadings can decrease chlorophyll-a concentrationeffectively, and the water quality of the Miyun Reservoir will improve or retain its status quo.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation(40871259)~~
文摘By introducing geological and natural conditions of Shuangtaizi Estuary Wetland,a national nature reserve,and borrowing Landsat5 TM wetland data of the year 1987 and 2005,the core area of Shuangtaizi Estuary Wetland is studied,areas of its natural water,mudflat,seepweed beach,culture zone,reservoir and swag,reed field,rice field and non-wetland landscape are respectively analyzed,as well as the changes of wetland community,water quality,waterfowl quantity and species.It is found that the study area is suffering from serious fragmentation of wetland,reducing reed yield,degrading water quality,decreasing bird species and amount,which implies that the degraded wetland environment has imposed threats on the survival of some wetland species.Root causes of such a result are analyzed from the perspectives of regional climate changes and human interventions;while regional climate changes include obvious temperature increase and precipitation decrease,human interventions include oil exploration,reclamation of land from the lake,overuse of biotic resources,environment pollution.Due to the interactive influence of these two factors,ecosystem of Shuangtaizi Estuary Wetland has experienced drastic changes,which should be attached sufficient importance by relevant departments so as to enhance its protection and management.
文摘By analyzing the target's motion pattern, in terms of the requirement for the performance indexes of the follow up system, the structure changing control and time optimal theory is proposed. The system's control scheme from three different aspects(the dynamic response simulation, compound control simulation and dynamic tracking simulation) is also studied. And all the results proved the feasibility of the synthetical utilization of the open loop control, speed decreased control and position closed loop control.
基金Supported by Fundamental Research Funds in Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(2015JBFM28)National Agriculture Industrial Technology(CARS-49)~~
文摘To provide basic information for studying balancing mechanism of nutrition environment in aquaculture ponds, sediment samples were collected periodically during the breeding process of tilapia in ponds. Then various types of nutrient content of the samples were detected and the changing rule was summarized. The results showed that dry weight of the sediment and content of TP, TN and TOC generally presented a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The main production period of each nutrient was from July to September and the production percentage was close to 80% of the total production. The content of NH4^＋-N increased gradually and reached a peak in early August, then maintained at the peak level. NO2^--N content of the sediment in each pond was basically the same in the earlier aquaculture stage and decreased in middle stage with a big difference, then rose again in the later stage.
基金the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province,China[2023-JC-QN-0858]the Free Exploration Program of the Second Affiliated Hospital,School of Medicine,Xi’an Jiaotong University[2020YJ(ZYTS)605]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[81900620].
文摘Global environmental changes including climate warming,extreme weather events,ambient air pollution,freshwater contamination,and landscape transformation are reshaping the epidemiology of infectious diseases with unprecedented complexity,particularly in the post-COVID-19 era.This review synthesizes evidence from the past decade(2015-2024)to systematically elucidate how key environmental drivers modulate pathogen emergence,transmission dynamics,and clinical outcomes,with a focus on underlying mechanistic pathways.Specifically,we highlight:(1)the temperature-and precipitation-dependent transmission of vector-borne diseases(e.g.,malaria,dengue)via expanded vector habitats and accelerated pathogen incubation;(2)the exacerbation of respiratory infections(including COVID-19)by particulate matter(PM2.5)and nitrogen dioxide(NO2)through impaired mucosal immunity and enhanced inflammatory responses;(3)the persistence of diarrheal diseases in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)linked to water insecurity and climate-induced infrastructure failure;and(4)zoonotic spillover risks amplified by urbanization and deforestation-driven human-wildlife interface disruption.Integrating the One Health socioecological framework,we further summarize methodological advances from high-resolution genomic surveillance to climate-informed machine learning models that have improved causal inference and predictive accuracy.Our synthesis confirms that environmental factors are not merely contextual but central,modifiable determinants of infectious disease risk,with disproportionate impacts on vulnerable populations.To mitigate future threats,we emphasize the urgency of interdisciplinary collaboration,integrated environmental-health monitoring platforms,and climate-resilient public health policies tailored to post-pandemic challenges.This review provides a timely roadmap for translating environmental epidemiology insights into actionable strategies to strengthen global health resilience.
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Projects of the Health System in Pingshan District,No.2023122.
文摘BACKGROUND Lumbar interbody fusion(LIF)is the primary treatment for lumbar degenerative diseases.Elderly patients are prone to anxiety and depression after undergoing surgery,which affects their postoperative recovery speed and quality of life.Effective prevention of anxiety and depression in elderly patients has become an urgent problem.AIM To investigate the trajectory of anxiety and depression levels in elderly patients after LIF,and the influencing factors.METHODS Random sampling was used to select 239 elderly patients who underwent LIF from January 2020 to December 2024 in Shenzhen Pingle Orthopedic Hospital.General information and surgery-related indices were recorded,and participants completed measures of psychological status,lumbar spine dysfunction,and quality of life.A latent class growth model was used to analyze the post-LIF trajectory of anxiety and depression levels,and unordered multi-categorical logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors.RESULTS Three trajectories of change in anxiety level were identified:Increasing anxiety(n=26,10.88%),decreasing anxiety(n=27,11.30%),and stable anxiety(n=186,77.82%).Likewise,three trajectories of change in depression level were identified:Increasing depression(n=30,12.55%),decreasing depression(n=26,10.88%),and stable depression(n=183,76.57%).Regression analysis showed that having no partner,female sex,elevated Oswestry dysfunction index(ODI)scores,and reduced 36-Item Short Form Health Survey scores all contributed to increased anxiety levels,whereas female sex,postoperative opioid use,and elevated ODI scores all contributed to increased depression levels.CONCLUSION During clinical observation,combining factors to predict anxiety and depression in post-LIF elderly patients enables timely intervention,quickens recovery,and enhances quality of life.
基金Supported by Chongqing Health Commission and Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau,No.2023MSXM182。
文摘Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)patients face significant psychological challenges alongside physical symptoms,necessitating a comprehensive understanding of how psychological vulnerability and adaptation patterns evolve throughout the disease course.This review examined 95 studies(2000-2025)from PubMed,Web of Science,and CNKI databases including longitudinal cohorts,randomized controlled trials,and mixed-methods research,to characterize the complex interplay between biological,psychological,and social factors affecting RA patients’mental health.Findings revealed three distinct vulnerability trajectories(45%persistently low,30%fluctuating improvement,25%persistently high)and four adaptation stages,with critical intervention periods occurring 3-6 months postdiagnosis and during disease flares.Multiple factors significantly influence psychological outcomes,including gender(females showing 1.8-fold increased risk),age(younger patients experiencing 42%higher vulnerability),pain intensity,inflammatory markers,and neuroendocrine dysregulation(48%showing cortisol rhythm disruption).Early psychological intervention(within 3 months of diagnosis)demonstrated robust benefits,reducing depression incidence by 42%with effects persisting 24-36 months,while different modalities showed complementary advantages:Cognitive behavioral therapy for depression(Cohen’s d=0.68),mindfulness for pain acceptance(38%improvement),and peer support for meaning reconstruction(25.6%increase).These findings underscore the importance of integrating routine psychological assessment into standard RA care,developing stage-appropriate interventions,and advancing research toward personalized biopsychosocial approaches that address the dynamic psychological dimensions of the disease.
基金supported by the Laoshan Laboratory[grant number LSKJ202202403]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 42030410]+1 种基金additionally supported by the Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUISTJiangsu Innovation Research Group[grant number JSSCTD202346]。
文摘Global warming induced by increased CO_(2) has caused marked changes in the ocean.Previous estimates of ocean salinity change in response to global warming have considerable ambiguity,largely attributable to the diverse sensitivities of surface fluxes.This study utilizes data from the Flux-Anomaly-Forced Model Intercomparison Project to investigate how ocean salinity responds to perturbations of surface fluxes.The findings indicate the emergence of a sea surface salinity(SSS)dipole pattern predominantly in the North Atlantic and Pacific fresh pools,driven by surface flux perturbations.This results in an intensification of the“salty gets saltier and fresh gets fresher”SSS pattern across the global ocean.The spatial pattern amplification(PA)of SSS under global warming is estimated to be approximately 11.5%,with surface water flux perturbations being the most significant contributor to salinity PA,accounting for 8.1% of the change after 70 years in experiments since pre-industrial control(piControl).Notably,the zonal-depth distribution of salinity in the upper ocean exhibits lighter seawater above the denser water,with bowed isopycnals in the upper 400 m.This stable stratification inhibits vertical mixing of salinity and temperature.In response to the flux perturbations,there is a strong positive feedback due to consequent freshening.It is hypothesized that under global warming,an SSS amplification of 7.2%/℃ and a mixed-layer depth amplification of 12.5%/℃ will occur in the global ocean.It suggests that the salinity effect can exert a more stable ocean to hinder the downward transfer of heat,which provides positive feedback to future global warming.
文摘Aging,mitochondria,and neurodegenerative diseases:Aging is often viewed as the buildup of changes that lead to the gradual transformations associated with getting older,along with a rising likelihood of disease and mortality.Although organis m-wide deterioration is observed during aging,organs with high metabolic demand,such as the brain,are more vulnerable.
基金Supported by Vision International Eye Missions-USA,“One Drop for All”,Italy,and Private Donors in the Netherlands.
文摘AIM:To ascertain the pattern of ocular morbidity in a population of primary school children in rural Kenya as it is a prerequisite for planning effective preventive and therapeutic strategies.METHODS:A cross-sectional survey of ocular symptoms and clinical eye examinations were performed in a sample of 35 rural primary schools in the semi-arid region of Kajiado West sub-county in S.W.Kenya,amongst a seminomadic tribe(Maasai).Students in Grades 1-8 were included.Visual acuity was measured using the Snellen“tumbling E”chart at 6 m.Children with symptoms of refractive error underwent non-cycloplegic refraction.RESULTS:A total of 2036 children(1084 males)between the ages of 4-20y were examined.Conjunctival actinic changes were present in 22%(442/2036).Nine cases were seen with a potential squamous carcinoma.No overt classical ocular signs of vitamin A deficiency were noted,although 181(8.9%)children complained of nyctalopia.Three hundred thirty-six(16.5%)children had a visual acuity worse than 6/12 in either eye,were unable to read N10 near text at 40 cm or had symptoms suggestive of refractive error.Refractive data led to an estimate of hyperopia of+1.00 D or more in 3.9%and of myopia of-0.50 D or more in either eye in 3.0%of the study population.CONCLUSION:Solar exposure-and dust-related conjunctival pathology is common.As this may develop into potentially sight-or even life-threatening conditions,it warrants further study,and preventive strategies may be needed.Complaints of nyctalopia were common and could suggest vitamin A deficiency.The prevalence of refractive errors is low in this rural African population.
文摘Adult neurogenesis is a highly dynamic process that leads to the production of new neurons from a population of quiescent neural stem cells(NSCs).In response to specific endogenous and/or external stimuli,NSCs enter a state of mitotic activation,initiating proliferation and differentiation pathways.Throughout this process,NSCs give rise to neural progenitors,which undergo multiple replicative and differentiative steps,each governed by precise molecular pathways that coordinate cellular changes and signals from the surrounding neurogenic niche.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82171073).
文摘Dear Editor,We present a case of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy(AZOOR)complex in a myopic patient with angioid streaks(ASs).A 19-year-old female has been experiencing visual field defects in her left eye for more than 3y.She was diagnosed with ASs and choroiditis at a local hospital.She has a seven-year history of bilateral high myopia.A fundus examination confirmed the presence of ASs and myopic fundus changes in both eyes.Multimodal imaging revealed an AZOOR complex in the left eye.
基金supported jointly by the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2016YFA0600604)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41721004)+1 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences(Grant No.QYZDY-SSW-DQC024)the Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change
文摘Located in a monsoon domain,East Asia suffers devastating natural hazards induced by anomalous monsoon behaviors.East Asian monsoon(EAM)research has traditionally been a high priority for the Chinese climate community and is particularly challenging in a changing climate where the global mean temperature has been rising.Recent advances in studies of the variabilities and mechanisms of the EAM are reviewed in this paper,focusing on the interannual to interdecadal time scales.Some new results have been achieved in understanding the behaviors of the EAM,such as the evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM),including both its onset and withdrawal over the South China Sea,the changes in the northern boundary activity of the EASM,or the transitional climate zone in East Asia,and the cycle of the EASM and the East Asian winter monsoon and their linkages.In addition,understanding of the mechanism of the EAM variability has improved in several aspects,including the impacts of different types of ENSO on the EAM,the impacts from the Indian Ocean and Atlantic Ocean,and the roles of mid-to high-latitude processes.Finally,some scientific issues regarding our understanding of the EAM are proposed for future investigation.
