Aimed at the stabilization of the nonholonomic chained system under fixed sample control, two control laws were proposed. The discrete model of the nonholonomic chained system under zero-hold was obtained through the ...Aimed at the stabilization of the nonholonomic chained system under fixed sample control, two control laws were proposed. The discrete model of the nonholonomic chained system under zero-hold was obtained through the integrate method to the continuous model. And the discrete model was transformed to the form with two linear subsystems through coordinate transformation. Two feedback control laws, time-invariant control law and time-varying control law, were proposed; and the local stabilization and global stabilization were realized respectively. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control laws. The discrete nonholonomic chained system can converge to zero from any initial state exponentially, and the convergence rate can be changed through changing the parameters of the control laws.展开更多
A novel double chained amphiphile, N-(α-4-hexylphenoxy)-lauroyltaurate (abbreviated as 10 + 6B-T), has been synthesized. The structures of main intermediate products and the title product were characterized by 1H NMR...A novel double chained amphiphile, N-(α-4-hexylphenoxy)-lauroyltaurate (abbreviated as 10 + 6B-T), has been synthesized. The structures of main intermediate products and the title product were characterized by 1H NMR. The new amphiphile shows high surface activity. The critical micelle concentration (cmc), which is 1.1 × 10?5 mol/L, is much lower than that of conventional double chained surfactants, such as sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT).展开更多
The M_(S)6.8 Luding earthquake in 2022 is located on the NNW-trending Moxi segment of the Xianshuihe fault with left-lateral strike-slip behavior.This area is where the Xianshuihe,Anninghe,Daliangshan and Longmenshan ...The M_(S)6.8 Luding earthquake in 2022 is located on the NNW-trending Moxi segment of the Xianshuihe fault with left-lateral strike-slip behavior.This area is where the Xianshuihe,Anninghe,Daliangshan and Longmenshan faults intersect.China Earthquake Administration has identified that intersection area,among the Moxi segment of the Xianshuihe fault,the Anninghe fault,the Daliangshan fault and the southern part of the Longmenshan fault,as a high-magnitude earthquake hazard area.According to existing data on the Luding earthquake,including the focal parameters,the spatial distribution of re-located aftershocks,dominated azimuth of the earthquake intensities and earthquake-induced ground fissures,we built a 3D earthquake fault model.We found that two discontinuous NNW-trending vertical strike-slip faults with left stepping were the seismogenic faults of the Luding earthquake.Its coseismic left-lateral dislocation triggered transtensional slips and aftershocks on the NW-trending secondary faults at its northernmost tensile area.Meanwhile,local crustal coseismic shortening on the side of Mt.Gongga triggered the aftershocks on the NE-and NW-trending secondary conjugated strike-slip faults,which were confirmed by GNSS observations and In SAR deformation field around the epicenter.This earthquake rupturing pattern also controlled the spatial distribution of the earthquake intensity IX area and earthquake chain hazards.The Coulomb stress calculation shows that the Luding earthquake increases the risk of high-magnitude earthquake occurrence on the southernmost part of the Xianshuihe fault and the Anninghe fault.Finally,we suggested doing good monitoring of the Anninghe fault and the southernmost part of the Xianshuihe fault and avoiding active faults with seismogenic capacity and areas prone to earthquake-chained hazards during the site selection and planning of reconstruction.展开更多
Threshold Proxy Signature (TPS) scheme facilitates a manager to delegate his signing capability to a group of n2 sub-ordinates without revealing his own private key, such that a subgroup of at least t2 ≤ n2 subordina...Threshold Proxy Signature (TPS) scheme facilitates a manager to delegate his signing capability to a group of n2 sub-ordinates without revealing his own private key, such that a subgroup of at least t2 ≤ n2 subordinates is required to generate a proxy signature. In reality, the situation can be more complicated. First of all, the subgroup may further delegate their proxy signing capabilities to another group of n3 subordinates such that at least another subgroup of at least t3 ≤ n3 subordinates are of the proxy signing capabilities (in the form of a chain). t2 can be unequal to t3 depending on the concrete requirement. This is a group-to-group delegation problem. In addition, a supervising agent (SA) may be introduced in the above chain to supervise the subordinates, such that proxy signing can only be successfully executed with SA’s agreement. This is a delegation with supervision problem in the threshold delegation chain described above. These two extensions of delegation problems are not solved yet. This paper designs two provably secure cryptographic schemes Chained Threshold Proxy Signature (CTPS) scheme and Chained Threshold Proxy Signature with Supervision (CTPSwS) scheme to solve these two delegation problems.展开更多
This paper reviews some main results and progress concerning with nonholonomic system control,especially focusing on the networked chained system coordination.The controllability of nonholonomic system,the control met...This paper reviews some main results and progress concerning with nonholonomic system control,especially focusing on the networked chained system coordination.The controllability of nonholonomic system,the control method of nonholonomic system,the chained form transformation,the basic graph theory for multi-agent systems are recalled,respectively.Some important definitions,lemmas,theorems and dynamics are elaborated.Both the consensus and formation control problems for networked nonholonomic chained systems are summarised.Finally,some open questions are proposed.展开更多
The visual serving stabilization for a kind of nonholonomic mobile robots with uncalibrated camera parameters is investigated based on the visual feedback and the state and input transforma- tions. The authors obtain ...The visual serving stabilization for a kind of nonholonomic mobile robots with uncalibrated camera parameters is investigated based on the visual feedback and the state and input transforma- tions. The authors obtain a new uncertain model of the nonholonomic kinematic system in the image plane, which is a chained form with uncalibrated visual parameters, from the camera robotic system. A new time varying feedback controller is proposed for the exponential stabilization of the nonholonomic chained system with unknown parameters by using state-scaling and switching technique. The exponential stability of the closed loop system is rigorously proved. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.展开更多
Dynamic fund protection provides a guarantee that the account value of the investor never drops below a barrier over the investment period.In order to reduce the downside risk taken by vendors,Han,et al.(2016)proposed...Dynamic fund protection provides a guarantee that the account value of the investor never drops below a barrier over the investment period.In order to reduce the downside risk taken by vendors,Han,et al.(2016)proposed a chained dynamic fund protection(CDFP),whose protection is activated only if the value of basic fund reaches a predefined upper protection line.Motivated by them,we consider a new CDFP plan under a stochastic interest rate environment.The explicit pricing formula for a CDFP is obtained when the protection lines are proportional to a zero-coupon bond.Furthermore,the authors present some numerical results for the value of CDFP at time 0 to show how the model parameters impact the value of CDFP.展开更多
Short-chain fatty acids,metabolites produced by the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbiota,have garnered significant attention due to their correlation with neurodegenerative diseases,particularly Parkinson’...Short-chain fatty acids,metabolites produced by the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbiota,have garnered significant attention due to their correlation with neurodegenerative diseases,particularly Parkinson’s disease.In this review,we summarize the changes in short-chain fatty acid levels and the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria in various samples from patients with Parkinson’s disease,highlighting the critical role of gut homeostasis imbalance in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease.Focusing on the nervous system,we discuss the molecular mechanisms by which short-chain fatty acids influence the homeostasis of both the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system.We identify key processes,including the activation of G protein-coupled receptors and the inhibition of histone deacetylases by short-chain fatty acids.Importantly,structural or functional disruptions in the enteric nervous system mediated by these fatty acids may lead to abnormalα-synuclein expression and gastrointestinal dysmotility,which could serve as an initiating event in Parkinson’s disease.Furthermore,we propose that short-chain fatty acids help establish communication between the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system via the vagal nerve,immune circulation,and endocrine signaling.This communication may shed light on their potential role in the transmission ofα-synuclein from the gut to the brain.Finally,we elucidate novel treatment strategies for Parkinson’s disease that target short-chain fatty acids and examine the challenges associated with translating short-chain fatty acid-based therapies into clinical practice.In conclusion,this review emphasizes the pivotal role of short-chain fatty acids in regulating gut-brain axis integrity and their significance in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease from the perspective of the nervous system.Moreover,it highlights the potential value of short-chain fatty acids in early intervention for Parkinson’s disease.Future research into the molecular mechanisms of short-chain fatty acids and their synergistic interactions with other gut metabolites is likely to advance the clinical translation of innovative short-chain fatty acid-based therapies for Parkinson’s disease.展开更多
Arbitrated quantum signature(AQS) is an important branch in quantum cryptography to authenticate quantum information, and cryptanalysis on AQS protocols helps to evaluate and improve security of AQS. Recently, it is d...Arbitrated quantum signature(AQS) is an important branch in quantum cryptography to authenticate quantum information, and cryptanalysis on AQS protocols helps to evaluate and improve security of AQS. Recently, it is discovered that an AQS protocol based on chained controlled-NOT(CNOT) algorithm is vulnerable to a novel attack because a transformation from binary keys into permutations and the chained CNOT algorithm have special properties, which enables a malicious receiver to forge signatures with probability 1/2. Moreover, a malicious signer can also deny his signatures with probability 1/4. Then, two possible improved methods are presented to resist these attacks: one is padding constants to reduce probability of the successful attacks, and the other is a circular chained CNOT algorithm to make the attack strategy invalid. And the security analysis shows that both the two improve methods could well resist these attacks.展开更多
A system for a type of nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots equipped with an uncalibrated camera fixed to the ceiling is investigated.Based on the visual feedback and the state-input transformation,models of uncertain c...A system for a type of nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots equipped with an uncalibrated camera fixed to the ceiling is investigated.Based on the visual feedback and the state-input transformation,models of uncertain chained form systems are presented for the robot-camera systems.Then,new smooth time-varying feedback controllers are proposed to exponentially stabilize the uncertain chained system by using state-scaling and control theories for two cases.The exponential stabilities of the closed-loop uncertain systems are rigorously proved.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategies.展开更多
Despite demonstrating significant anti-tumor potential as an artemisinin derivative,artesunate faces delivery efficiency challenges due to low water solubility and insufficient targeting specificity.To improve the del...Despite demonstrating significant anti-tumor potential as an artemisinin derivative,artesunate faces delivery efficiency challenges due to low water solubility and insufficient targeting specificity.To improve the delivery efficiency,we engineered three artesunate(ART) derivatives,AC_(15)-L(linear),AC_(15)-B(branched),and AC_(15)-C(cyclic) with distinct aliphatic chain architectures.Unexpectedly,we observed that AC_(15)-C exhibited superior cytotoxicity against 4T1 breast cancer cells,and had the highest binding affinity for Lon protease 1(LONP1)(-72.6 kcal/mol).Subsequently,disulfide bond-containing lipid-PEG(DSPESS-PEG2K) modified chain architecture-engineered ART derivatives nanoassemblies(NAs) were developed to mitigate solubility-related limitations while enhancing targeting precision.Molecular docking and experimental validation demonstrated that ART derivatives inhibited LONP1 through hydrophobic interactions while preserved Fe^(2+)-mediated Fenton-like reaction activity.In vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrated that AC_(15)-C NAs outperformed free ART and other NAs,suppressing 4T1 tumor growth via dual action:LONP1-directed mitochondrial proteostasis collapse and reactive oxygen species(ROS) amplification through Fe^(2+)-ART interactions.This study elucidated a novel anti-tumor mechanism of ART through the rational design of derivatives with spatially configured aliphatic chains,and developed reductionresponsive NAs to provide an advanced delivery strategy.展开更多
The exponential stabilization problem of a robot-camera system with unknown camera parameters is investigated. Based on the visual feedback and the state-input transformation, an uncertain chained form model is presen...The exponential stabilization problem of a robot-camera system with unknown camera parameters is investigated. Based on the visual feedback and the state-input transformation, an uncertain chained form model is presented for a type of nonholonomic mobile robots. Then, a new time-varying feedback controller is proposed to stabilize the uncertain system exponentially with the help of the stabilization theorems, state-scaling and switching techniques. The exponential stability of the closed-loop system is rigorously proved. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategies.展开更多
Purpose-This study explores how managerial leadership and organizational innovation interact to enhance resilience and risk management in railway supply chains and how these capabilities contribute to sustained compet...Purpose-This study explores how managerial leadership and organizational innovation interact to enhance resilience and risk management in railway supply chains and how these capabilities contribute to sustained competitive advantage.It emphasizes the strategic importance of resilience in railway systems that face operational complexity,regulatory pressures and increasing exposure to systemic risks.Design/methodology/approach-A mixed-methods design was employed,integrating survey data from 186 railway organizations with six case studies involving railway operators,rolling stock manufacturers and supply chain partners across multiple regions.Constructs were measured using validated scales and hypothesized relationships were tested using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM).Case study interviews were analyzed thematically to provide contextual understanding of leadership practices and innovation strategies.Findings-The results confirm that transformational managerial leadership significantly predicts innovation adoption,which in turn strengthens resilience and risk management capabilities.Resilience emerged as a powerful driver of competitive advantage,reinforcing its role as a strategic capability rather than a reactive response to disruptions.Furthermore,innovation was shown to partially mediate the relationship between leadership and resilience,highlighting its function as the operational channel through which vision translates into capability.Originality/value-This study contributes to the literature by integrating the Resource-Based View(RBV)and Dynamic Capabilities(DC)framework into the context of railway supply chains.It is among the first to empirically validate the mediating role of innovation between leadership and resilience,offering both theoretical advancements and actionable strategies for building resilient and competitive railway systems.展开更多
The generation of synthetic trajectories has become essential in various fields for analyzing complex movement patterns.However,the use of real-world trajectory data poses significant privacy risks,such as location re...The generation of synthetic trajectories has become essential in various fields for analyzing complex movement patterns.However,the use of real-world trajectory data poses significant privacy risks,such as location reidentification and correlation attacks.To address these challenges,privacy-preserving trajectory generation methods are critical for applications relying on sensitive location data.This paper introduces DPIL-Traj,an advanced framework designed to generate synthetic trajectories while achieving a superior balance between data utility and privacy preservation.Firstly,the framework incorporates Differential Privacy Clustering,which anonymizes trajectory data by applying differential privacy techniques that add noise,ensuring the protection of sensitive user information.Secondly,Imitation Learning is used to replicate decision-making behaviors observed in real-world trajectories.By learning from expert trajectories,this component generates synthetic data that closely mimics real-world decision-making processes while optimizing the quality of the generated trajectories.Finally,Markov-based Trajectory Generation is employed to capture and maintain the inherent temporal dynamics of movement patterns.Extensive experiments conducted on the GeoLife trajectory dataset show that DPIL-Traj improves utility performance by an average of 19.85%,and in terms of privacy performance by an average of 12.51%,compared to state-of-the-art approaches.Ablation studies further reveal that DP clustering effectively safeguards privacy,imitation learning enhances utility under noise,and the Markov module strengthens temporal coherence.展开更多
The cold chain environment is an important route for the long⁃distance transmission of pathogenic micro⁃organisms.In this study,we explored the mechanisms of secondary propagation through surface contact on cold surfa...The cold chain environment is an important route for the long⁃distance transmission of pathogenic micro⁃organisms.In this study,we explored the mechanisms of secondary propagation through surface contact on cold surfaces.A quantitative statistical experimental method was adopted to study the surface⁃contact transmission of micro⁃organisms,wherein the transfer rate of surface contact was the dependent variable and Escherichia coli was used as the indicator bacterium.The effects of contact pressure(0.44,0.86,1.55,2.25,and 2.94 N/cm^(2)),contact time(0,15,30,45,and 60 s),contact angle(15°and 25°),and surface materials(rubber and cotton gloves)were measured at two storage temperatures:cold storage(5℃)and freezing(-18℃).The results showed that as temperature decreases,the transfer of micro⁃organisms through surface contact becomes less probable.The contact time did not significantly influence the transfer rate of micro⁃organisms when items were handled at cold⁃storage temperatures.Based on these results,we recommend placing items as flat as possible to minimize the tilt angle when handling them at cold⁃storage temperatures.Additionally,if the tilt angle cannot be avoided,rubber gloves should be used when handling items stored at large tilt angles,whereas cotton gloves may be used for items placed at smaller angles.展开更多
In the Tianshan region,a complete textile industry chain has been established,covering the entire process from cotton cultivation and chemical fiber production,through spinning,weaving,dyeing,and finishing,and further...In the Tianshan region,a complete textile industry chain has been established,covering the entire process from cotton cultivation and chemical fiber production,through spinning,weaving,dyeing,and finishing,and further extending to apparel,home textiles,and industrial textiles.In November 2025,the first list of five characteristic textile and apparel industry clusters in Xinjiang was officially announced,marking a new stage in the clustering of Xinjiang's textile and apparel industry.Data shows that the total output value of Xinjiang's cotton and textile and apparel industry chain has exceeded 220 billion yuan.With the nation's largest cotton production,a complete industrial chain system,and strong synergistic effects,Xinjiang has become a leading and highly competitive textile industry hub in China.展开更多
Glacier landslide cascading hazards pose threats to communities and infrastructure,affected by complex processes including the amplification of mass flow volume through erosion and entrainment,transformation of hazard...Glacier landslide cascading hazards pose threats to communities and infrastructure,affected by complex processes including the amplification of mass flow volume through erosion and entrainment,transformation of hazard types,ice-water phase change,and enhanced mobility of the mass flow.Scientifically simulating these physical phenomena proves challenging.This study introduces GMFA(glacier mass flow analysis),an integrated numerical model that advances the field by:(1)proposing depth-averaged fluctuation energy and internal energy equations,(2)incorporating the ice-water phase change and the entrainment-deposition process,and(3)capturing their effects on mass flow runout characteristics.The model employs the finite volume method to solve the multi-physics coupled governing equations,enabling efficient large-scale simulations.The model is verified through three numerical tests covering flow dynamics,temperature evolution,and thermo-hydro-mechanical runout processes.The model is applied to analyze a hazard chain that occurred on 10 September 2020 on the Tibetan Plateau.The multi-scenario simulation results indicate an entrained mass volume of(4.95±0.11)×10^(5)m^(3),and a ratio of entrained mass volume to source material volume of 0.44.The solid concentration decreases from 0.6-0.7 to 0.1-0.15 with increasing runout distance,indicating a transition from avalanche to debris flood.The internal energy rises by(3-4)×10^(3)kJ/m^(3),driving rapid ice melting from 0.1 to 0.2 to near-zero concentration.The model effectively quantifies volume amplification,ice-water phase changes,and multi-hazard transformations.This model pushes the geoscience frontier,extending computational capability from single-to multi-hazard simulations and providing a powerful tool for analyzing glacier cascading hazards.展开更多
Tellurene,a chiral chain semiconductor with a narrow bandgap and exceptional strain sensitivity,emerges as a pivotal material for tailoring electronic and optoelectronic properties via strain engineering.This study el...Tellurene,a chiral chain semiconductor with a narrow bandgap and exceptional strain sensitivity,emerges as a pivotal material for tailoring electronic and optoelectronic properties via strain engineering.This study elucidates the fundamental mechanisms of ultrafast laser shock imprinting(LSI)in two-dimensional tellurium(Te),establishing a direct relationship between strain field orientation,mold topology,and anisotropic structural evolution.This is the first demonstration of ultrafast LSI on chiral chain Te unveiling orientation-sensitive dislocation networks.By applying controlled strain fields parallel or transverse to Te’s helical chains,we uncover two distinct deformation regimes.Strain aligned parallel to the chain’s direction induces gliding and rotation governed by weak interchain interactions,preserving covalent intrachain bonds and vibrational modes.In contrast,transverse strain drives shear-mediated multimodal deformations—tensile stretching,compression,and bending—resulting in significant lattice distortions and electronic property modulation.We discovered the critical role of mold topology on deformation:sharp-edged gratings generate localized shear forces surpassing those from homogeneous strain fields via smooth CD molds,triggering dislocation tangle formation,lattice reorientation,and inhomogeneous plastic deformation.Asymmetrical strain configurations enable localized structural transformations while retaining single-crystal integrity in adjacent regions—a balance essential for functional device integration.These insights position LSI as a precision tool for nanoscale strain engineering,capable of sculpting 2D material morphologies without compromising crystallinity.By bridging ultrafast mechanics with chiral chain material science,this work advances the design of strain-tunable devices for next-generation electronics and optoelectronics,while establishing a universal framework for manipulating anisotropic 2D systems under extreme strain rates.This work discovered crystallographic orientation-dependent deformation mechanisms in 2D Te,linking parallel strain to chain gliding and transverse strain to shear-driven multimodal distortion.It demonstrates mold geometry as a critical lever for strain localization and dislocation dynamics,with sharp-edged gratings enabling unprecedented control over lattice reorientation.Crucially,the identification of strain field conditions that reconcile severe plastic deformation with single-crystal retention offers a pathway to functional nanostructure fabrication,redefining LSI’s potential in ultrafast strain engineering of chiral chain materials.展开更多
The shift toward specialized and large-scale agricultural production has spurred the emergence of agricultural clusters as key forces of rural vitalization and sustainable development.This paper explored the formation...The shift toward specialized and large-scale agricultural production has spurred the emergence of agricultural clusters as key forces of rural vitalization and sustainable development.This paper explored the formation and evolution of Meizhou pomelo industry cluster in China,focusing on its role in restructuring rural socio-economic systems and integrating the whole value chains.Based on a case study employing qualitative methods such as in-depth interviews and participatory observation,the agricultural cluster evolution of Meizhou pomelo was categorized into three key phases of initial decentralization,self-organized scaling,and reorganized clustering.Geographical proximity and industrial agglomeration constitute the physical foundation,while vertical/horizontal linkages,technologic-al innovation,and policy support enhance competitiveness.Special mechanisms emerge through localized social networks,farmer co-operatives’activation,and cross-regional market expansion.The cluster’s impact is manifested in the shift from extensive to standard-ized and modernized production,diversified and flexible livelihood of farmers,and the integration of agriculture with industry and ser-vices.The development of the whole value chain based on agricultural cluster represents a critical pathway for achieving agricultural modernization,encompassing both internal and external value chain optimization.Through quality assurance systems,product diversi-fication strategies,operational efficiency improvements,and brand enhancement,these clusters amplify product value propositions and market competitiveness.This systemic approach facilitates supply-demand coordination,enables resource synergies,and optimizes eco-nomic returns across the horizontal and vertical value chain.This paper argues that agricultural clusters serve as strategic catalysts for sustainable rural development by reconstructing local production systems,fostering innovation ecosystems,and aligning agricultural modernization.It contributes to debates on rural vitalization by demonstrating how agricultural clustering can reconfigure rural areas as hubs of ecological modernization,rather than mere urban peripheries.展开更多
Established in 2019,the Shandong Port Group(SPG)comprises four port groups(Qingdao Port,Rizhao Port,Yantai Port,and Bohaiwan Port)and 12 business segments.SPG connects 3,345 kilometers of coastline within Shandong Pro...Established in 2019,the Shandong Port Group(SPG)comprises four port groups(Qingdao Port,Rizhao Port,Yantai Port,and Bohaiwan Port)and 12 business segments.SPG connects 3,345 kilometers of coastline within Shandong Province.Its cargo throughput has consistently ranked first globally for many years,and its container volume growth ranks second globally,forming a port cluster covering the entire industrial chain.展开更多
文摘Aimed at the stabilization of the nonholonomic chained system under fixed sample control, two control laws were proposed. The discrete model of the nonholonomic chained system under zero-hold was obtained through the integrate method to the continuous model. And the discrete model was transformed to the form with two linear subsystems through coordinate transformation. Two feedback control laws, time-invariant control law and time-varying control law, were proposed; and the local stabilization and global stabilization were realized respectively. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed control laws. The discrete nonholonomic chained system can converge to zero from any initial state exponentially, and the convergence rate can be changed through changing the parameters of the control laws.
文摘A novel double chained amphiphile, N-(α-4-hexylphenoxy)-lauroyltaurate (abbreviated as 10 + 6B-T), has been synthesized. The structures of main intermediate products and the title product were characterized by 1H NMR. The new amphiphile shows high surface activity. The critical micelle concentration (cmc), which is 1.1 × 10?5 mol/L, is much lower than that of conventional double chained surfactants, such as sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41941016)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1839204)。
文摘The M_(S)6.8 Luding earthquake in 2022 is located on the NNW-trending Moxi segment of the Xianshuihe fault with left-lateral strike-slip behavior.This area is where the Xianshuihe,Anninghe,Daliangshan and Longmenshan faults intersect.China Earthquake Administration has identified that intersection area,among the Moxi segment of the Xianshuihe fault,the Anninghe fault,the Daliangshan fault and the southern part of the Longmenshan fault,as a high-magnitude earthquake hazard area.According to existing data on the Luding earthquake,including the focal parameters,the spatial distribution of re-located aftershocks,dominated azimuth of the earthquake intensities and earthquake-induced ground fissures,we built a 3D earthquake fault model.We found that two discontinuous NNW-trending vertical strike-slip faults with left stepping were the seismogenic faults of the Luding earthquake.Its coseismic left-lateral dislocation triggered transtensional slips and aftershocks on the NW-trending secondary faults at its northernmost tensile area.Meanwhile,local crustal coseismic shortening on the side of Mt.Gongga triggered the aftershocks on the NE-and NW-trending secondary conjugated strike-slip faults,which were confirmed by GNSS observations and In SAR deformation field around the epicenter.This earthquake rupturing pattern also controlled the spatial distribution of the earthquake intensity IX area and earthquake chain hazards.The Coulomb stress calculation shows that the Luding earthquake increases the risk of high-magnitude earthquake occurrence on the southernmost part of the Xianshuihe fault and the Anninghe fault.Finally,we suggested doing good monitoring of the Anninghe fault and the southernmost part of the Xianshuihe fault and avoiding active faults with seismogenic capacity and areas prone to earthquake-chained hazards during the site selection and planning of reconstruction.
文摘Threshold Proxy Signature (TPS) scheme facilitates a manager to delegate his signing capability to a group of n2 sub-ordinates without revealing his own private key, such that a subgroup of at least t2 ≤ n2 subordinates is required to generate a proxy signature. In reality, the situation can be more complicated. First of all, the subgroup may further delegate their proxy signing capabilities to another group of n3 subordinates such that at least another subgroup of at least t3 ≤ n3 subordinates are of the proxy signing capabilities (in the form of a chain). t2 can be unequal to t3 depending on the concrete requirement. This is a group-to-group delegation problem. In addition, a supervising agent (SA) may be introduced in the above chain to supervise the subordinates, such that proxy signing can only be successfully executed with SA’s agreement. This is a delegation with supervision problem in the threshold delegation chain described above. These two extensions of delegation problems are not solved yet. This paper designs two provably secure cryptographic schemes Chained Threshold Proxy Signature (CTPS) scheme and Chained Threshold Proxy Signature with Supervision (CTPSwS) scheme to solve these two delegation problems.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under[grant number 61321002],[grant number 61120106010],[grant number 61175112]the programme for New Century Excellent Talents in University+1 种基金the Social Science Foundation of Fujian Province under[grant number 2014B182]the Beijing Education Committee Cooperation Building Foundation Project.
文摘This paper reviews some main results and progress concerning with nonholonomic system control,especially focusing on the networked chained system coordination.The controllability of nonholonomic system,the control method of nonholonomic system,the chained form transformation,the basic graph theory for multi-agent systems are recalled,respectively.Some important definitions,lemmas,theorems and dynamics are elaborated.Both the consensus and formation control problems for networked nonholonomic chained systems are summarised.Finally,some open questions are proposed.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.60874002Key Project of Shanghai Education Committee under Grant No.09ZZ158+1 种基金Key Discipline of Shanghai under Grant No.S30501Doctoral Fund of Shandong University of Technology under Grant No.411016
文摘The visual serving stabilization for a kind of nonholonomic mobile robots with uncalibrated camera parameters is investigated based on the visual feedback and the state and input transforma- tions. The authors obtain a new uncertain model of the nonholonomic kinematic system in the image plane, which is a chained form with uncalibrated visual parameters, from the camera robotic system. A new time varying feedback controller is proposed for the exponential stabilization of the nonholonomic chained system with unknown parameters by using state-scaling and switching technique. The exponential stability of the closed loop system is rigorously proved. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
基金supported by the NSF of Jiangsu Province under Grant No.BK20170064the NNSF of China under Grant No.11771320+2 种基金Qing Lan Project of Jiangsu Provincethe scholarship of Jiangsu Overseas Visiting Scholar Programthe Graduate Innovation Program of USTS(SKCX18-Y06)
文摘Dynamic fund protection provides a guarantee that the account value of the investor never drops below a barrier over the investment period.In order to reduce the downside risk taken by vendors,Han,et al.(2016)proposed a chained dynamic fund protection(CDFP),whose protection is activated only if the value of basic fund reaches a predefined upper protection line.Motivated by them,we consider a new CDFP plan under a stochastic interest rate environment.The explicit pricing formula for a CDFP is obtained when the protection lines are proportional to a zero-coupon bond.Furthermore,the authors present some numerical results for the value of CDFP at time 0 to show how the model parameters impact the value of CDFP.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2021YFC2501200(to PC).
文摘Short-chain fatty acids,metabolites produced by the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbiota,have garnered significant attention due to their correlation with neurodegenerative diseases,particularly Parkinson’s disease.In this review,we summarize the changes in short-chain fatty acid levels and the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria in various samples from patients with Parkinson’s disease,highlighting the critical role of gut homeostasis imbalance in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease.Focusing on the nervous system,we discuss the molecular mechanisms by which short-chain fatty acids influence the homeostasis of both the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system.We identify key processes,including the activation of G protein-coupled receptors and the inhibition of histone deacetylases by short-chain fatty acids.Importantly,structural or functional disruptions in the enteric nervous system mediated by these fatty acids may lead to abnormalα-synuclein expression and gastrointestinal dysmotility,which could serve as an initiating event in Parkinson’s disease.Furthermore,we propose that short-chain fatty acids help establish communication between the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system via the vagal nerve,immune circulation,and endocrine signaling.This communication may shed light on their potential role in the transmission ofα-synuclein from the gut to the brain.Finally,we elucidate novel treatment strategies for Parkinson’s disease that target short-chain fatty acids and examine the challenges associated with translating short-chain fatty acid-based therapies into clinical practice.In conclusion,this review emphasizes the pivotal role of short-chain fatty acids in regulating gut-brain axis integrity and their significance in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease from the perspective of the nervous system.Moreover,it highlights the potential value of short-chain fatty acids in early intervention for Parkinson’s disease.Future research into the molecular mechanisms of short-chain fatty acids and their synergistic interactions with other gut metabolites is likely to advance the clinical translation of innovative short-chain fatty acid-based therapies for Parkinson’s disease.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61502048)the National Science and Technology Major Project (2017YFB0803001)
文摘Arbitrated quantum signature(AQS) is an important branch in quantum cryptography to authenticate quantum information, and cryptanalysis on AQS protocols helps to evaluate and improve security of AQS. Recently, it is discovered that an AQS protocol based on chained controlled-NOT(CNOT) algorithm is vulnerable to a novel attack because a transformation from binary keys into permutations and the chained CNOT algorithm have special properties, which enables a malicious receiver to forge signatures with probability 1/2. Moreover, a malicious signer can also deny his signatures with probability 1/4. Then, two possible improved methods are presented to resist these attacks: one is padding constants to reduce probability of the successful attacks, and the other is a circular chained CNOT algorithm to make the attack strategy invalid. And the security analysis shows that both the two improve methods could well resist these attacks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.61374040,61304004 and 61473179the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under Grant Nos.ZR2013FM012 and ZR2014FM007
文摘A system for a type of nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots equipped with an uncalibrated camera fixed to the ceiling is investigated.Based on the visual feedback and the state-input transformation,models of uncertain chained form systems are presented for the robot-camera systems.Then,new smooth time-varying feedback controllers are proposed to exponentially stabilize the uncertain chained system by using state-scaling and control theories for two cases.The exponential stabilities of the closed-loop uncertain systems are rigorously proved.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategies.
基金financially supported by the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program (No.XLYC2403107)the Excellent Youth Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (No.2024JH3/10200046)the Basic Scientific Research Project of Liaoning Provincial Department of Education (No.LJ212410163015)。
文摘Despite demonstrating significant anti-tumor potential as an artemisinin derivative,artesunate faces delivery efficiency challenges due to low water solubility and insufficient targeting specificity.To improve the delivery efficiency,we engineered three artesunate(ART) derivatives,AC_(15)-L(linear),AC_(15)-B(branched),and AC_(15)-C(cyclic) with distinct aliphatic chain architectures.Unexpectedly,we observed that AC_(15)-C exhibited superior cytotoxicity against 4T1 breast cancer cells,and had the highest binding affinity for Lon protease 1(LONP1)(-72.6 kcal/mol).Subsequently,disulfide bond-containing lipid-PEG(DSPESS-PEG2K) modified chain architecture-engineered ART derivatives nanoassemblies(NAs) were developed to mitigate solubility-related limitations while enhancing targeting precision.Molecular docking and experimental validation demonstrated that ART derivatives inhibited LONP1 through hydrophobic interactions while preserved Fe^(2+)-mediated Fenton-like reaction activity.In vitro and in vivo evaluations demonstrated that AC_(15)-C NAs outperformed free ART and other NAs,suppressing 4T1 tumor growth via dual action:LONP1-directed mitochondrial proteostasis collapse and reactive oxygen species(ROS) amplification through Fe^(2+)-ART interactions.This study elucidated a novel anti-tumor mechanism of ART through the rational design of derivatives with spatially configured aliphatic chains,and developed reductionresponsive NAs to provide an advanced delivery strategy.
基金Supported by the the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61374040,61304004 and 61473179)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2013FM012,ZR2014FM007)
文摘The exponential stabilization problem of a robot-camera system with unknown camera parameters is investigated. Based on the visual feedback and the state-input transformation, an uncertain chained form model is presented for a type of nonholonomic mobile robots. Then, a new time-varying feedback controller is proposed to stabilize the uncertain system exponentially with the help of the stabilization theorems, state-scaling and switching techniques. The exponential stability of the closed-loop system is rigorously proved. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategies.
文摘Purpose-This study explores how managerial leadership and organizational innovation interact to enhance resilience and risk management in railway supply chains and how these capabilities contribute to sustained competitive advantage.It emphasizes the strategic importance of resilience in railway systems that face operational complexity,regulatory pressures and increasing exposure to systemic risks.Design/methodology/approach-A mixed-methods design was employed,integrating survey data from 186 railway organizations with six case studies involving railway operators,rolling stock manufacturers and supply chain partners across multiple regions.Constructs were measured using validated scales and hypothesized relationships were tested using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM).Case study interviews were analyzed thematically to provide contextual understanding of leadership practices and innovation strategies.Findings-The results confirm that transformational managerial leadership significantly predicts innovation adoption,which in turn strengthens resilience and risk management capabilities.Resilience emerged as a powerful driver of competitive advantage,reinforcing its role as a strategic capability rather than a reactive response to disruptions.Furthermore,innovation was shown to partially mediate the relationship between leadership and resilience,highlighting its function as the operational channel through which vision translates into capability.Originality/value-This study contributes to the literature by integrating the Resource-Based View(RBV)and Dynamic Capabilities(DC)framework into the context of railway supply chains.It is among the first to empirically validate the mediating role of innovation between leadership and resilience,offering both theoretical advancements and actionable strategies for building resilient and competitive railway systems.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(2025J01380)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62471139)+3 种基金the Major Health Research Project of Fujian Province(2021ZD01001)Fujian Provincial Units Special Funds for Education and Research(2022639)Fujian University of Technology Research Start-up Fund(GY-S24002)Fujian Research and Training Grants for Young and Middle-aged Leaders in Healthcare(GY-H-24179).
文摘The generation of synthetic trajectories has become essential in various fields for analyzing complex movement patterns.However,the use of real-world trajectory data poses significant privacy risks,such as location reidentification and correlation attacks.To address these challenges,privacy-preserving trajectory generation methods are critical for applications relying on sensitive location data.This paper introduces DPIL-Traj,an advanced framework designed to generate synthetic trajectories while achieving a superior balance between data utility and privacy preservation.Firstly,the framework incorporates Differential Privacy Clustering,which anonymizes trajectory data by applying differential privacy techniques that add noise,ensuring the protection of sensitive user information.Secondly,Imitation Learning is used to replicate decision-making behaviors observed in real-world trajectories.By learning from expert trajectories,this component generates synthetic data that closely mimics real-world decision-making processes while optimizing the quality of the generated trajectories.Finally,Markov-based Trajectory Generation is employed to capture and maintain the inherent temporal dynamics of movement patterns.Extensive experiments conducted on the GeoLife trajectory dataset show that DPIL-Traj improves utility performance by an average of 19.85%,and in terms of privacy performance by an average of 12.51%,compared to state-of-the-art approaches.Ablation studies further reveal that DP clustering effectively safeguards privacy,imitation learning enhances utility under noise,and the Markov module strengthens temporal coherence.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52278121).
文摘The cold chain environment is an important route for the long⁃distance transmission of pathogenic micro⁃organisms.In this study,we explored the mechanisms of secondary propagation through surface contact on cold surfaces.A quantitative statistical experimental method was adopted to study the surface⁃contact transmission of micro⁃organisms,wherein the transfer rate of surface contact was the dependent variable and Escherichia coli was used as the indicator bacterium.The effects of contact pressure(0.44,0.86,1.55,2.25,and 2.94 N/cm^(2)),contact time(0,15,30,45,and 60 s),contact angle(15°and 25°),and surface materials(rubber and cotton gloves)were measured at two storage temperatures:cold storage(5℃)and freezing(-18℃).The results showed that as temperature decreases,the transfer of micro⁃organisms through surface contact becomes less probable.The contact time did not significantly influence the transfer rate of micro⁃organisms when items were handled at cold⁃storage temperatures.Based on these results,we recommend placing items as flat as possible to minimize the tilt angle when handling them at cold⁃storage temperatures.Additionally,if the tilt angle cannot be avoided,rubber gloves should be used when handling items stored at large tilt angles,whereas cotton gloves may be used for items placed at smaller angles.
文摘In the Tianshan region,a complete textile industry chain has been established,covering the entire process from cotton cultivation and chemical fiber production,through spinning,weaving,dyeing,and finishing,and further extending to apparel,home textiles,and industrial textiles.In November 2025,the first list of five characteristic textile and apparel industry clusters in Xinjiang was officially announced,marking a new stage in the clustering of Xinjiang's textile and apparel industry.Data shows that the total output value of Xinjiang's cotton and textile and apparel industry chain has exceeded 220 billion yuan.With the nation's largest cotton production,a complete industrial chain system,and strong synergistic effects,Xinjiang has become a leading and highly competitive textile industry hub in China.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U20A20112)the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong SAR Government,China(Grant Nos.T22-606/23-R and 16206923).
文摘Glacier landslide cascading hazards pose threats to communities and infrastructure,affected by complex processes including the amplification of mass flow volume through erosion and entrainment,transformation of hazard types,ice-water phase change,and enhanced mobility of the mass flow.Scientifically simulating these physical phenomena proves challenging.This study introduces GMFA(glacier mass flow analysis),an integrated numerical model that advances the field by:(1)proposing depth-averaged fluctuation energy and internal energy equations,(2)incorporating the ice-water phase change and the entrainment-deposition process,and(3)capturing their effects on mass flow runout characteristics.The model employs the finite volume method to solve the multi-physics coupled governing equations,enabling efficient large-scale simulations.The model is verified through three numerical tests covering flow dynamics,temperature evolution,and thermo-hydro-mechanical runout processes.The model is applied to analyze a hazard chain that occurred on 10 September 2020 on the Tibetan Plateau.The multi-scenario simulation results indicate an entrained mass volume of(4.95±0.11)×10^(5)m^(3),and a ratio of entrained mass volume to source material volume of 0.44.The solid concentration decreases from 0.6-0.7 to 0.1-0.15 with increasing runout distance,indicating a transition from avalanche to debris flood.The internal energy rises by(3-4)×10^(3)kJ/m^(3),driving rapid ice melting from 0.1 to 0.2 to near-zero concentration.The model effectively quantifies volume amplification,ice-water phase changes,and multi-hazard transformations.This model pushes the geoscience frontier,extending computational capability from single-to multi-hazard simulations and providing a powerful tool for analyzing glacier cascading hazards.
基金financial support from NSF ExpandQISE program.The synthesis of tellurene was supported by NSF under grant no.CMMI-2046936supports from Purdue Research Foundation.
文摘Tellurene,a chiral chain semiconductor with a narrow bandgap and exceptional strain sensitivity,emerges as a pivotal material for tailoring electronic and optoelectronic properties via strain engineering.This study elucidates the fundamental mechanisms of ultrafast laser shock imprinting(LSI)in two-dimensional tellurium(Te),establishing a direct relationship between strain field orientation,mold topology,and anisotropic structural evolution.This is the first demonstration of ultrafast LSI on chiral chain Te unveiling orientation-sensitive dislocation networks.By applying controlled strain fields parallel or transverse to Te’s helical chains,we uncover two distinct deformation regimes.Strain aligned parallel to the chain’s direction induces gliding and rotation governed by weak interchain interactions,preserving covalent intrachain bonds and vibrational modes.In contrast,transverse strain drives shear-mediated multimodal deformations—tensile stretching,compression,and bending—resulting in significant lattice distortions and electronic property modulation.We discovered the critical role of mold topology on deformation:sharp-edged gratings generate localized shear forces surpassing those from homogeneous strain fields via smooth CD molds,triggering dislocation tangle formation,lattice reorientation,and inhomogeneous plastic deformation.Asymmetrical strain configurations enable localized structural transformations while retaining single-crystal integrity in adjacent regions—a balance essential for functional device integration.These insights position LSI as a precision tool for nanoscale strain engineering,capable of sculpting 2D material morphologies without compromising crystallinity.By bridging ultrafast mechanics with chiral chain material science,this work advances the design of strain-tunable devices for next-generation electronics and optoelectronics,while establishing a universal framework for manipulating anisotropic 2D systems under extreme strain rates.This work discovered crystallographic orientation-dependent deformation mechanisms in 2D Te,linking parallel strain to chain gliding and transverse strain to shear-driven multimodal distortion.It demonstrates mold geometry as a critical lever for strain localization and dislocation dynamics,with sharp-edged gratings enabling unprecedented control over lattice reorientation.Crucially,the identification of strain field conditions that reconcile severe plastic deformation with single-crystal retention offers a pathway to functional nanostructure fabrication,redefining LSI’s potential in ultrafast strain engineering of chiral chain materials.
基金Under the auspices of the Key Projects of Philosophy and Social Sciences Research,Ministry of Education of China(No.23JZD008)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42171193)+2 种基金Key Project of Guangdong Provincial Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning(No.GD24ES013,GD25ZX04)2025 Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Special Project(No.2025A04J7127)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Sun Yat-sen University(No.24wkjc11)。
文摘The shift toward specialized and large-scale agricultural production has spurred the emergence of agricultural clusters as key forces of rural vitalization and sustainable development.This paper explored the formation and evolution of Meizhou pomelo industry cluster in China,focusing on its role in restructuring rural socio-economic systems and integrating the whole value chains.Based on a case study employing qualitative methods such as in-depth interviews and participatory observation,the agricultural cluster evolution of Meizhou pomelo was categorized into three key phases of initial decentralization,self-organized scaling,and reorganized clustering.Geographical proximity and industrial agglomeration constitute the physical foundation,while vertical/horizontal linkages,technologic-al innovation,and policy support enhance competitiveness.Special mechanisms emerge through localized social networks,farmer co-operatives’activation,and cross-regional market expansion.The cluster’s impact is manifested in the shift from extensive to standard-ized and modernized production,diversified and flexible livelihood of farmers,and the integration of agriculture with industry and ser-vices.The development of the whole value chain based on agricultural cluster represents a critical pathway for achieving agricultural modernization,encompassing both internal and external value chain optimization.Through quality assurance systems,product diversi-fication strategies,operational efficiency improvements,and brand enhancement,these clusters amplify product value propositions and market competitiveness.This systemic approach facilitates supply-demand coordination,enables resource synergies,and optimizes eco-nomic returns across the horizontal and vertical value chain.This paper argues that agricultural clusters serve as strategic catalysts for sustainable rural development by reconstructing local production systems,fostering innovation ecosystems,and aligning agricultural modernization.It contributes to debates on rural vitalization by demonstrating how agricultural clustering can reconfigure rural areas as hubs of ecological modernization,rather than mere urban peripheries.
文摘Established in 2019,the Shandong Port Group(SPG)comprises four port groups(Qingdao Port,Rizhao Port,Yantai Port,and Bohaiwan Port)and 12 business segments.SPG connects 3,345 kilometers of coastline within Shandong Province.Its cargo throughput has consistently ranked first globally for many years,and its container volume growth ranks second globally,forming a port cluster covering the entire industrial chain.
