Climate change threatens cocoa quality, raising concerns regarding sustainable premium cocoa production. Evaluating the effectiveness of certification standards is imperative to address this concern effectively. A mul...Climate change threatens cocoa quality, raising concerns regarding sustainable premium cocoa production. Evaluating the effectiveness of certification standards is imperative to address this concern effectively. A multi-stage method was employed for a systematic review of 39 peer-reviewed articles to highlight the impacts of climate change on the biophysical environment of cocoa and its implications for adapting Geographical Indications (GIs). Additionally, a comprehensive review was conducted on climate-relevant standards of certificates in Ecuador, Indonesia, and Ghana. The findings of this study provide practical insights into possible difficulties that cocoa-producing countries may encounter in maintaining the distinctive flavours and quality trademarks of cocoa in the face of changing climate. Moreover, the findings emphasize the need for producer countries to prioritize viable adaptation and product differentiation strategies that meet sustainable marketing standards to protect GIs or place-based intellectual property. Furthermore, the findings indicate certificates require effective multi-level climate change management and environmental-social-governance principles that promote scientifically proven mitigation strategies, such as increasing soil organic carbon, zero deforestation, and reducing emissions while striving to leverage local adaptation policies to reduce location-specific vulnerability. Finally, certificates can accelerate the expansion, intensification, and redistribution of sustainable production for gains that outweigh the inconveniences caused by climate change.展开更多
A vector space secret sharing scheme based on certificates is proposed in this paper. The difficulties of solving discrete logarithm assure confidential information＇s security, and the use of each participant＇s cert...A vector space secret sharing scheme based on certificates is proposed in this paper. The difficulties of solving discrete logarithm assure confidential information＇s security, and the use of each participant＇s certificate makes the dealer have no need to transfer secret information to the participants. The proposed scheme is dynamic. It can effectively check cheaters and does not have secure channel requirements.展开更多
The low-intensity attack flows used by Crossfire attacks are hard to distinguish from legitimate flows.Traditional methods to identify the malicious flows in Crossfire attacks are rerouting,which is based on statistic...The low-intensity attack flows used by Crossfire attacks are hard to distinguish from legitimate flows.Traditional methods to identify the malicious flows in Crossfire attacks are rerouting,which is based on statistics.In these existing mechanisms,the identification of malicious flows depends on the IP address.However,the IP address is easy to be changed by attacks.Comparedwith the IP address,the certificate ismore challenging to be tampered with or forged.Moreover,the traffic trend in the network is towards encryption.The certificates are popularly utilized by IoT devices for authentication in encryption protocols.DTLShps proposed a new way to verify certificates for resource-constrained IoT devices by using the SDN controller.Based on DTLShps,the SDN controller can collect statistics on certificates.In this paper,we proposeCertrust,a framework based on the trust of certificates,tomitigate the Crossfire attack by using SDN for IoT.Our goal is threefold.First,the trust model is built based on the Bayesian trust system with the statistics on the participation of certificates in each Crossfire attack.Moreover,the forgetting curve is utilized instead of the traditional decay method in the Bayesian trust system for achieving a moderate decay rate.Second,for detecting the Crossfire attack accurately,a method based on graph connectivity is proposed.Third,several trust-based routing principles are proposed tomitigate the Crossfire attack.These principles can also encourage users to use certificates in communication.The performance evaluation shows that Certrust is more effective in mitigating the Crossfire attack than the traditional rerouting schemes.Moreover,our trust model has a more appropriate decay rate than the traditional methods.展开更多
In the proposed photo certificate, the principal component is the image, for example, the user＇s photo. User-related fields, such as the subject＇s name, the issuer＇s name, and the expiration period, which are meani...In the proposed photo certificate, the principal component is the image, for example, the user＇s photo. User-related fields, such as the subject＇s name, the issuer＇s name, and the expiration period, which are meaningful to users, are embedded into the surface of the photo by using a visible watermark algorithm, so that the reader can capture this information without the requirement for special software. The remaining fields in the certificate are embedded into a marked photo. Later, the whole photo certificate is eryptographically signed by certification authority （CA） private key to guarantee the integrity of our photo certificate. By such arrangement, the eertificate＇s verification is divided into two layers. The first layer is human visual system oriented and the second layer is the software-oriented. User can determine whether the user＇s photo and its subject＇s name are consistent and cheek whether the expired period is valid first. The second layer＇s verification is lunched only when the first layer＇s verification is passed. To sum up, the proposed photo certificate not only inherits the functions of a traditional certificate, but also provides a friendlier operational environment of X.509 certificate.展开更多
Renewable portfolio standards(RPS)are important guarantees to promote renewable energy(RE)consumption.The tradable green certificate(TGC)trading mechanism is a supporting mechanism of RPS,but the rate of TGC trading i...Renewable portfolio standards(RPS)are important guarantees to promote renewable energy(RE)consumption.The tradable green certificate(TGC)trading mechanism is a supporting mechanism of RPS,but the rate of TGC trading is low and there is a double-metering problem of RE consumption.With the introduction of new policies in China,we innovatively take the electricity-selling side as the subject of RE consumption responsibility and biomass-based electricity-generation(BEG)projects are considered to participate in TGC trading.To explore the interaction between the TGC market and the electricity market,this paper sets up a day-ahead spot market-trading structure combining both markets under RPS and establishes a market equilibrium model.The established model is solved and validated based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the profits of each market player under different influencing factors are analysed.The main conclusions are as follows.(i)The established market structure and model effectively solve the double-metering problem of RE consumption,making the TGC turnover rate reach 82.97%,greatly improving the market efficiency.(ii)Increased demand for TGC will increase demand for RE electricity.The participation of BEG projects in the TGC market can effectively improve the profit of biomass-based electricity producers(BEPs),reduce the burden of government financial subsidies and will not affect the consumption of wind-based electricity and photovoltaic-based electricity.This will help promote the rapid development of China’s RE,especially the BEG industry.(iii)Among the influencing factors,the increase in renewable-energy consumption responsibility weight and the decrease in electricity-generation cost can increase the profit of BEPs.The decline in TGC price and subsidy price will reduce the profit of BEPs.Finally,we put forward policy recommendations for China’s RPS and TGC trading mechanism.This study can provide a reference for the construction of China’s TGC market and electricity market and the development of RE.展开更多
Aiming at the requirement of anonymous supervision of digital certificates in blockchain public key infrastructure(PKI),this paper proposes a ring signature with multiple indirect verifications(RS-MIV).This mechanism ...Aiming at the requirement of anonymous supervision of digital certificates in blockchain public key infrastructure(PKI),this paper proposes a ring signature with multiple indirect verifications(RS-MIV).This mechanism can ensure multiple and indirect verification of certificate signer identity while preserving its anonymity.On this basis,a supervisable anonymous management scheme was designed based on smart contracts,which realizes the anonymity of certificate authority nodes,the anonymous issuance of digital certificates,the anonymous verification of digital certificates,and the traceability of illegal certificate issuers in the blockchain PKI.It is proved that the scheme can guarantee the anonymity and traceability of the certificate issuer’s identity at an acceptable cost.展开更多
Hello,everyone!I'm a fifth-grade student from Beijing.Today I want to talk about something I see a lot"tiger parenting".This means parents push their kids to study very hard.Many parents around me are li...Hello,everyone!I'm a fifth-grade student from Beijing.Today I want to talk about something I see a lot"tiger parenting".This means parents push their kids to study very hard.Many parents around me are like this.They send their kids to many after-school classes—online,inperson,big groups,small groups,even one-on-one lessons!Some parents give their kids a lot of extra homework.Others make them take many exams,like Olympic Math,KET,and PET.It feels like we always have to get certifi cates or we'll fall behind.Studying hard can be good.展开更多
Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)is an indispensable tool for the diagnosis and management of various diseases,particularly biliopancreatic disorders,as it provides detailed visualization of the gastrointestinal tract and su...Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)is an indispensable tool for the diagnosis and management of various diseases,particularly biliopancreatic disorders,as it provides detailed visualization of the gastrointestinal tract and surrounding structures.As the demand for diagnostic and interventional EUS procedures increases,ensuring high-quality training for endoscopists is essential to improve patient outcomes.This mini-review provides an overview of the current state of EUS training and emphasizes the importance of a structured approach that integrates theoretical knowledge and hands-on experience.We discuss different training methods,focusing on the main courses available worldwide,and highlight their advantages and limitations.In addition,we examine the challenges of training for diagnostic and interventional EUS,such as limited access to training centers and the need for personalized feedback.Overall,improving EUS training programs is essential to enhance physician skills and ensure this advanced technique is used safely and efficiently in clinical practice.展开更多
Changes in food production,often driven by distant demand,have a significant influence on sustainable man agement and use of land and water,and are in turn a driving factor of biodiversity change.While the connection ...Changes in food production,often driven by distant demand,have a significant influence on sustainable man agement and use of land and water,and are in turn a driving factor of biodiversity change.While the connection between land use and demand through value chains is increasingly understood,there is no comprehensive concep tualisation of this relationship.To address this gap,we propose a conceptual framework and use it as a basis for a systematic review to characterise value-chain connection and explore its influence on land-use and-cover change.Our search in June 2022 onWeb of Science and Scopus yielded 198 documents,describing studies completed after the year 2000 that provide information on both value-chain connection and land-use or-cover change.In total,we used 531 distinct cases to assess how frequently particular types of land-use or-cover change and value-chain connections co-occurred,and synthesized findings on their relations.Our findings confirm that 1)market inte gration is associated with intensification;2)land managers with environmental standards more frequently adopt environmentally friendly practices;3)physical and value-chain distances to consumers play a crucial role,with shorter distances associated with environmentally friendly practices and global chains linked to intensification and expansion.Incorporating these characteristics in existing theories of land-system change,would significantly advance understanding of land managers’decision-making,ultimately guiding more environmentally responsible production systems and contributing to global sustainability goals.展开更多
Toray Industries,Inc.announced that from this April,it will im-plement the mass balance approach in manufacturing its TORAY-LON TMacrylic staple fiber.This method attributes properties fromboth biomass and plastic was...Toray Industries,Inc.announced that from this April,it will im-plement the mass balance approach in manufacturing its TORAY-LON TMacrylic staple fiber.This method attributes properties fromboth biomass and plastic waste,contributing to sustainabillty.Thecompany has already secured ISCC(nternational Sustainability&Carbon Certification)PLUScertification for this initiative.展开更多
In 2020,Shanghai and the provinces of Jiangsu,Zhejiang,and Anhui jointly issued the Specification for electronic certificate sharing and application,the first local standard in the field of government affairs in the Y...In 2020,Shanghai and the provinces of Jiangsu,Zhejiang,and Anhui jointly issued the Specification for electronic certificate sharing and application,the first local standard in the field of government affairs in the Yangtze River Delta region.The release and implementation of this standard have promoted the connectivity in government services,data and technological integration,accelerating the region’s coordinated and innovative development.展开更多
With the intensification of the energy crisis and the worsening greenhouse effect,the development of sustainable integrated energy systems(IES)has become a crucial direction for energy transition.In this context,this ...With the intensification of the energy crisis and the worsening greenhouse effect,the development of sustainable integrated energy systems(IES)has become a crucial direction for energy transition.In this context,this paper proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch strategy under the green hydrogen certificate trading(GHCT)and the ladder-type carbon emission trading(CET)mechanism,enabling the coordinated utilization of green and blue hydrogen.Specifically,a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer(PEME)model that accounts for dynamic efficiency characteristics,and a steam methane reforming(SMR)model incorporating waste heat recovery,are developed.Based on these models,a hydrogen production–storage–utilization framework is established to enable the coordinated deployment of green and blue hydrogen.Furthermore,the gas turbine(GT)unit are retrofitted using oxygenenriched combustion carbon capture(OCC)technology,wherein the oxygen produced by PEME is employed to create an oxygen-enriched combustion environment.This approach reduces energy waste and facilitates low-carbon power generation.In addition,the GHCT mechanism is integrated into the system alongside the ladder-type CET mechanism,and their complementary effects are investigated.A comprehensive optimization model is then formulated to simultaneously achieve carbon reduction and economic efficiency across the system.Case study results show that the proposed strategy reduces wind curtailment by 7.77%,carbon emissions by 65.98%,and total cost by 12.57%.This study offers theoretical reference for the low-carbon,economic,and efficient operation of future energy systems.展开更多
Quantum photonic processors are emerging as promising platforms to prove preliminary evidence of quantum computational advantage toward the realization of universal quantum computers.In the context of nonuniversal noi...Quantum photonic processors are emerging as promising platforms to prove preliminary evidence of quantum computational advantage toward the realization of universal quantum computers.In the context of nonuniversal noisy intermediate quantum devices,photonic-based sampling machines solving the Gaussian boson sampling(GBS)problem currently play a central role in the experimental demonstration of quantum computational advantage.A relevant issue is the validation of the sampling process in the presence of experimental noise,such as photon losses,which could undermine the hardness of simulating the experiment.We test the capability of a validation protocol that exploits the connection between GBS and graph perfect match counting to perform such an assessment in a noisy scenario.In particular,we use as a test bench the recently developed machine Borealis,a large-scale sampling machine that has been made available online for external users,and address its operation in the presence of noise.The employed approach to validation is also shown to provide connections with the open question on the effective advantage of using noisy GBS devices for graph similarity and isomorphism problems and thus provides an effective method for certification of quantum hardware.展开更多
Integrated energy systems(IES)are widely regarded as a key enabler of carbon neutrality,enabling the coordinated use of electricity,heat,and gas to support large-scale renewable integration.Yet their practical deploym...Integrated energy systems(IES)are widely regarded as a key enabler of carbon neutrality,enabling the coordinated use of electricity,heat,and gas to support large-scale renewable integration.Yet their practical deployment still faces major challenges,including rigid thermoelectric coupling,insufficient operational flexibility,and fragmented carbon and certificate market mechanisms.To address these issues,this study proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch model for integrated energy systems(IES)that reduces emissions and costs while improving renewable energy utilization.A coordinated framework integrating carbon capture,utilization,and storage,two-stage power-to-gas,combined heat and power,and ground-source heat pump technologies enhances multi-energy complementarity and overcomes the heat-led constraints of traditional combined heat and power systems.A unified carbon emission trading and green certificate trading mechanism is designed to balance economic and environmental goals through cross-market synergy.To address uncertainty,a distributionally robust chance-constrained model based on Kullback-Leibler divergence is introduced in Scenario 8.The model is solved using the GUROBI solver under multiple scenarios.Simulation results show a cost reduction from$56,166.66 to$25,840.32,carbon emission cuts from 801.38to 440.90 t,and wind/photovoltaic utilization rates reaching 98%,which fully demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed framework in achieving cost-efficient low-carbon operation of IES.展开更多
Founded in 2016,Zhejiang Haiyin Digital Technology Co.,Ltd.stands at the forefront of innovation as a certified China National High-Tech Enterprise,relentlessly advancing the boundaries of single-pass digital printing...Founded in 2016,Zhejiang Haiyin Digital Technology Co.,Ltd.stands at the forefront of innovation as a certified China National High-Tech Enterprise,relentlessly advancing the boundaries of single-pass digital printing technology.Our crowning achievement—the revolutionary KUNR High-Speed Digital Printing System—earned China’s prestigious National First-in-Kind Certification.Engineered with 100%independent patents across mechanical,control,software,ink supply,and inks,we deliver tailored intelligent turnkey solutions that transform textile production dynamics.展开更多
Today companies and organizations are using the Web as the main informationdissemination means both at internal and external level. Information dissemination often takes theform of XML documents that are made availabl...Today companies and organizations are using the Web as the main informationdissemination means both at internal and external level. Information dissemination often takes theform of XML documents that are made available at Web servers, or that are actively broadcasted byWeb servers to interested clients. These documents often contain information at different degrees ofsensitivity, therefore a strong XML security platform and mechanism is needed. In this paper wedeveloped CIT/XML security platform and take a close look to syntax and processing of CIT/digitalsignature model, CIT/encryption model, CIT/smart card crypto and SPKI interface security models.Security services such as authentication, integrity and confidentiality to XML documents and non-XMLdocuments, which exchanged among various servers, are provided.展开更多
文摘Climate change threatens cocoa quality, raising concerns regarding sustainable premium cocoa production. Evaluating the effectiveness of certification standards is imperative to address this concern effectively. A multi-stage method was employed for a systematic review of 39 peer-reviewed articles to highlight the impacts of climate change on the biophysical environment of cocoa and its implications for adapting Geographical Indications (GIs). Additionally, a comprehensive review was conducted on climate-relevant standards of certificates in Ecuador, Indonesia, and Ghana. The findings of this study provide practical insights into possible difficulties that cocoa-producing countries may encounter in maintaining the distinctive flavours and quality trademarks of cocoa in the face of changing climate. Moreover, the findings emphasize the need for producer countries to prioritize viable adaptation and product differentiation strategies that meet sustainable marketing standards to protect GIs or place-based intellectual property. Furthermore, the findings indicate certificates require effective multi-level climate change management and environmental-social-governance principles that promote scientifically proven mitigation strategies, such as increasing soil organic carbon, zero deforestation, and reducing emissions while striving to leverage local adaptation policies to reduce location-specific vulnerability. Finally, certificates can accelerate the expansion, intensification, and redistribution of sustainable production for gains that outweigh the inconveniences caused by climate change.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(60573129) the Opening Foundation of State Key La-boratory of Information Security and the Opening Foundation of KeyLaboratory of Computer Network and Information Security, Ministryof Education of PRC.
文摘A vector space secret sharing scheme based on certificates is proposed in this paper. The difficulties of solving discrete logarithm assure confidential information＇s security, and the use of each participant＇s certificate makes the dealer have no need to transfer secret information to the participants. The proposed scheme is dynamic. It can effectively check cheaters and does not have secure channel requirements.
基金supported by Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and Xinjiang under Project U1603261.
文摘The low-intensity attack flows used by Crossfire attacks are hard to distinguish from legitimate flows.Traditional methods to identify the malicious flows in Crossfire attacks are rerouting,which is based on statistics.In these existing mechanisms,the identification of malicious flows depends on the IP address.However,the IP address is easy to be changed by attacks.Comparedwith the IP address,the certificate ismore challenging to be tampered with or forged.Moreover,the traffic trend in the network is towards encryption.The certificates are popularly utilized by IoT devices for authentication in encryption protocols.DTLShps proposed a new way to verify certificates for resource-constrained IoT devices by using the SDN controller.Based on DTLShps,the SDN controller can collect statistics on certificates.In this paper,we proposeCertrust,a framework based on the trust of certificates,tomitigate the Crossfire attack by using SDN for IoT.Our goal is threefold.First,the trust model is built based on the Bayesian trust system with the statistics on the participation of certificates in each Crossfire attack.Moreover,the forgetting curve is utilized instead of the traditional decay method in the Bayesian trust system for achieving a moderate decay rate.Second,for detecting the Crossfire attack accurately,a method based on graph connectivity is proposed.Third,several trust-based routing principles are proposed tomitigate the Crossfire attack.These principles can also encourage users to use certificates in communication.The performance evaluation shows that Certrust is more effective in mitigating the Crossfire attack than the traditional rerouting schemes.Moreover,our trust model has a more appropriate decay rate than the traditional methods.
文摘In the proposed photo certificate, the principal component is the image, for example, the user＇s photo. User-related fields, such as the subject＇s name, the issuer＇s name, and the expiration period, which are meaningful to users, are embedded into the surface of the photo by using a visible watermark algorithm, so that the reader can capture this information without the requirement for special software. The remaining fields in the certificate are embedded into a marked photo. Later, the whole photo certificate is eryptographically signed by certification authority （CA） private key to guarantee the integrity of our photo certificate. By such arrangement, the eertificate＇s verification is divided into two layers. The first layer is human visual system oriented and the second layer is the software-oriented. User can determine whether the user＇s photo and its subject＇s name are consistent and cheek whether the expired period is valid first. The second layer＇s verification is lunched only when the first layer＇s verification is passed. To sum up, the proposed photo certificate not only inherits the functions of a traditional certificate, but also provides a friendlier operational environment of X.509 certificate.
基金This research did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public,commercial or not-for-profit sectors。
文摘Renewable portfolio standards(RPS)are important guarantees to promote renewable energy(RE)consumption.The tradable green certificate(TGC)trading mechanism is a supporting mechanism of RPS,but the rate of TGC trading is low and there is a double-metering problem of RE consumption.With the introduction of new policies in China,we innovatively take the electricity-selling side as the subject of RE consumption responsibility and biomass-based electricity-generation(BEG)projects are considered to participate in TGC trading.To explore the interaction between the TGC market and the electricity market,this paper sets up a day-ahead spot market-trading structure combining both markets under RPS and establishes a market equilibrium model.The established model is solved and validated based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the profits of each market player under different influencing factors are analysed.The main conclusions are as follows.(i)The established market structure and model effectively solve the double-metering problem of RE consumption,making the TGC turnover rate reach 82.97%,greatly improving the market efficiency.(ii)Increased demand for TGC will increase demand for RE electricity.The participation of BEG projects in the TGC market can effectively improve the profit of biomass-based electricity producers(BEPs),reduce the burden of government financial subsidies and will not affect the consumption of wind-based electricity and photovoltaic-based electricity.This will help promote the rapid development of China’s RE,especially the BEG industry.(iii)Among the influencing factors,the increase in renewable-energy consumption responsibility weight and the decrease in electricity-generation cost can increase the profit of BEPs.The decline in TGC price and subsidy price will reduce the profit of BEPs.Finally,we put forward policy recommendations for China’s RPS and TGC trading mechanism.This study can provide a reference for the construction of China’s TGC market and electricity market and the development of RE.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2018YFB0803603 and Grant 2016YFB0501901in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61502531,Grant 61702550,and Grant 61802436.
文摘Aiming at the requirement of anonymous supervision of digital certificates in blockchain public key infrastructure(PKI),this paper proposes a ring signature with multiple indirect verifications(RS-MIV).This mechanism can ensure multiple and indirect verification of certificate signer identity while preserving its anonymity.On this basis,a supervisable anonymous management scheme was designed based on smart contracts,which realizes the anonymity of certificate authority nodes,the anonymous issuance of digital certificates,the anonymous verification of digital certificates,and the traceability of illegal certificate issuers in the blockchain PKI.It is proved that the scheme can guarantee the anonymity and traceability of the certificate issuer’s identity at an acceptable cost.
文摘Hello,everyone!I'm a fifth-grade student from Beijing.Today I want to talk about something I see a lot"tiger parenting".This means parents push their kids to study very hard.Many parents around me are like this.They send their kids to many after-school classes—online,inperson,big groups,small groups,even one-on-one lessons!Some parents give their kids a lot of extra homework.Others make them take many exams,like Olympic Math,KET,and PET.It feels like we always have to get certifi cates or we'll fall behind.Studying hard can be good.
文摘Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)is an indispensable tool for the diagnosis and management of various diseases,particularly biliopancreatic disorders,as it provides detailed visualization of the gastrointestinal tract and surrounding structures.As the demand for diagnostic and interventional EUS procedures increases,ensuring high-quality training for endoscopists is essential to improve patient outcomes.This mini-review provides an overview of the current state of EUS training and emphasizes the importance of a structured approach that integrates theoretical knowledge and hands-on experience.We discuss different training methods,focusing on the main courses available worldwide,and highlight their advantages and limitations.In addition,we examine the challenges of training for diagnostic and interventional EUS,such as limited access to training centers and the need for personalized feedback.Overall,improving EUS training programs is essential to enhance physician skills and ensure this advanced technique is used safely and efficiently in clinical practice.
文摘Changes in food production,often driven by distant demand,have a significant influence on sustainable man agement and use of land and water,and are in turn a driving factor of biodiversity change.While the connection between land use and demand through value chains is increasingly understood,there is no comprehensive concep tualisation of this relationship.To address this gap,we propose a conceptual framework and use it as a basis for a systematic review to characterise value-chain connection and explore its influence on land-use and-cover change.Our search in June 2022 onWeb of Science and Scopus yielded 198 documents,describing studies completed after the year 2000 that provide information on both value-chain connection and land-use or-cover change.In total,we used 531 distinct cases to assess how frequently particular types of land-use or-cover change and value-chain connections co-occurred,and synthesized findings on their relations.Our findings confirm that 1)market inte gration is associated with intensification;2)land managers with environmental standards more frequently adopt environmentally friendly practices;3)physical and value-chain distances to consumers play a crucial role,with shorter distances associated with environmentally friendly practices and global chains linked to intensification and expansion.Incorporating these characteristics in existing theories of land-system change,would significantly advance understanding of land managers’decision-making,ultimately guiding more environmentally responsible production systems and contributing to global sustainability goals.
文摘Toray Industries,Inc.announced that from this April,it will im-plement the mass balance approach in manufacturing its TORAY-LON TMacrylic staple fiber.This method attributes properties fromboth biomass and plastic waste,contributing to sustainabillty.Thecompany has already secured ISCC(nternational Sustainability&Carbon Certification)PLUScertification for this initiative.
文摘In 2020,Shanghai and the provinces of Jiangsu,Zhejiang,and Anhui jointly issued the Specification for electronic certificate sharing and application,the first local standard in the field of government affairs in the Yangtze River Delta region.The release and implementation of this standard have promoted the connectivity in government services,data and technological integration,accelerating the region’s coordinated and innovative development.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52477101)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20210932).
文摘With the intensification of the energy crisis and the worsening greenhouse effect,the development of sustainable integrated energy systems(IES)has become a crucial direction for energy transition.In this context,this paper proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch strategy under the green hydrogen certificate trading(GHCT)and the ladder-type carbon emission trading(CET)mechanism,enabling the coordinated utilization of green and blue hydrogen.Specifically,a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer(PEME)model that accounts for dynamic efficiency characteristics,and a steam methane reforming(SMR)model incorporating waste heat recovery,are developed.Based on these models,a hydrogen production–storage–utilization framework is established to enable the coordinated deployment of green and blue hydrogen.Furthermore,the gas turbine(GT)unit are retrofitted using oxygenenriched combustion carbon capture(OCC)technology,wherein the oxygen produced by PEME is employed to create an oxygen-enriched combustion environment.This approach reduces energy waste and facilitates low-carbon power generation.In addition,the GHCT mechanism is integrated into the system alongside the ladder-type CET mechanism,and their complementary effects are investigated.A comprehensive optimization model is then formulated to simultaneously achieve carbon reduction and economic efficiency across the system.Case study results show that the proposed strategy reduces wind curtailment by 7.77%,carbon emissions by 65.98%,and total cost by 12.57%.This study offers theoretical reference for the low-carbon,economic,and efficient operation of future energy systems.
基金supported by the ERC Advanced Grant QU-BOSS(QUantum advantage via nonlinear BOSon Sampling,Grant No.884676)by ICSC-Centro Nazionale di Ricerca in High Performance Computing,Big Data,and Quantum Computing,funded by the European Union-NextGenerationEU.D.S.acknowledges Thales Alenia Space Italia for supporting the PhD fellowship.N.S.acknowledges funding from Sapienza Universitàdi Roma via Bando Ricerca 2020:Progetti di Ricerca Piccoli,Project No.RP120172B8A36B37.
文摘Quantum photonic processors are emerging as promising platforms to prove preliminary evidence of quantum computational advantage toward the realization of universal quantum computers.In the context of nonuniversal noisy intermediate quantum devices,photonic-based sampling machines solving the Gaussian boson sampling(GBS)problem currently play a central role in the experimental demonstration of quantum computational advantage.A relevant issue is the validation of the sampling process in the presence of experimental noise,such as photon losses,which could undermine the hardness of simulating the experiment.We test the capability of a validation protocol that exploits the connection between GBS and graph perfect match counting to perform such an assessment in a noisy scenario.In particular,we use as a test bench the recently developed machine Borealis,a large-scale sampling machine that has been made available online for external users,and address its operation in the presence of noise.The employed approach to validation is also shown to provide connections with the open question on the effective advantage of using noisy GBS devices for graph similarity and isomorphism problems and thus provides an effective method for certification of quantum hardware.
文摘Integrated energy systems(IES)are widely regarded as a key enabler of carbon neutrality,enabling the coordinated use of electricity,heat,and gas to support large-scale renewable integration.Yet their practical deployment still faces major challenges,including rigid thermoelectric coupling,insufficient operational flexibility,and fragmented carbon and certificate market mechanisms.To address these issues,this study proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch model for integrated energy systems(IES)that reduces emissions and costs while improving renewable energy utilization.A coordinated framework integrating carbon capture,utilization,and storage,two-stage power-to-gas,combined heat and power,and ground-source heat pump technologies enhances multi-energy complementarity and overcomes the heat-led constraints of traditional combined heat and power systems.A unified carbon emission trading and green certificate trading mechanism is designed to balance economic and environmental goals through cross-market synergy.To address uncertainty,a distributionally robust chance-constrained model based on Kullback-Leibler divergence is introduced in Scenario 8.The model is solved using the GUROBI solver under multiple scenarios.Simulation results show a cost reduction from$56,166.66 to$25,840.32,carbon emission cuts from 801.38to 440.90 t,and wind/photovoltaic utilization rates reaching 98%,which fully demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed framework in achieving cost-efficient low-carbon operation of IES.
文摘Founded in 2016,Zhejiang Haiyin Digital Technology Co.,Ltd.stands at the forefront of innovation as a certified China National High-Tech Enterprise,relentlessly advancing the boundaries of single-pass digital printing technology.Our crowning achievement—the revolutionary KUNR High-Speed Digital Printing System—earned China’s prestigious National First-in-Kind Certification.Engineered with 100%independent patents across mechanical,control,software,ink supply,and inks,we deliver tailored intelligent turnkey solutions that transform textile production dynamics.
文摘Today companies and organizations are using the Web as the main informationdissemination means both at internal and external level. Information dissemination often takes theform of XML documents that are made available at Web servers, or that are actively broadcasted byWeb servers to interested clients. These documents often contain information at different degrees ofsensitivity, therefore a strong XML security platform and mechanism is needed. In this paper wedeveloped CIT/XML security platform and take a close look to syntax and processing of CIT/digitalsignature model, CIT/encryption model, CIT/smart card crypto and SPKI interface security models.Security services such as authentication, integrity and confidentiality to XML documents and non-XMLdocuments, which exchanged among various servers, are provided.
