LONGQUAN,a historic city in east China’s Zhejiang Province,is renowned for its exquisite celadon ware,featuring fine texture and pure,jade-like glaze.The region has a potterymaking tradition that spans over 1,600 yea...LONGQUAN,a historic city in east China’s Zhejiang Province,is renowned for its exquisite celadon ware,featuring fine texture and pure,jade-like glaze.The region has a potterymaking tradition that spans over 1,600 years.Its celadon firing technique originated during the Three Kingdoms Period(220-280)and reached its peak in the Southern Song Dynasty(1127-1279).Since the Song Dynasty(960-1368),Longquan was among the main suppliers of porcelain for the imperial court.From the 12th to the 15th centuries.展开更多
The microprobe EDXRF equipment was used for analysis of the major and trace elements in glaze layer-transitive layer-body layer of the celadon from the Altar Yao （Kiln） and Laohudong Yao in the Southern Song Dynasty...The microprobe EDXRF equipment was used for analysis of the major and trace elements in glaze layer-transitive layer-body layer of the celadon from the Altar Yao （Kiln） and Laohudong Yao in the Southern Song Dynasty （1127-1279 A.D.）, Zhejiang, China. The K values of the discriminant factor for the celadon wares are larger than 8, which means the celadon of the Altar Yao and Laohudong Yao are different from that of the Longquan Yao. The former two belong to the Guan Yao system （the Chinese imperial kilns）, but the latter to the Min Yao system （the Chinese popular kilns）. The principle component analysis shows their relationship between the Altar and Laohudong wares with provenance postulation. The thickness of the transitive layer in the Altar and Laohudong wares is obviously different, which reveals the microstructure characteristics of the celadon even though both kinds of wares belong to the imperial kiln system.展开更多
正Celadon of Yue Kiln comes from the famous ancient Chinese Yue kiln in Southern China. The earliest porcelain was successfully made in this very kiln in the Eastern Han Dynasty, so it is also honored as the "mot...正Celadon of Yue Kiln comes from the famous ancient Chinese Yue kiln in Southern China. The earliest porcelain was successfully made in this very kiln in the Eastern Han Dynasty, so it is also honored as the "mother porcelain". The kiln stopped producing at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and the early展开更多
The Noble Burials of the Yue State at Hongshan in Wuxi City with many fancy burial objects were excavated by Archaeology Institute of Jiangsu Province and Xishan District Committee for Administration of Cultural Relic...The Noble Burials of the Yue State at Hongshan in Wuxi City with many fancy burial objects were excavated by Archaeology Institute of Jiangsu Province and Xishan District Committee for Administration of Cultural Relics of China. It was appraised as one of the ten major archaeological excavations in 2004. Some precious ceramic samples excavated from this site are very important for studying the development history of Chinese ceramics, especially for studying the origin of porcelain. With the cooperation of Archaeology Institute of Nanjing Museum, the ceramic samples excavated from the Noble Burials of the Yue State at Hongshan were collected and systematically analyzed. Compared with the celadon samples produced in Yue-kiln site during later Eastern Han Dynasty (25–220 A.D.), some important topics such as the provenance and properties of the ceramic samples excavated from the Noble Burials of the Yue State at Hongshan were deeply studied.展开更多
In the study, chemical compositions of 48 fragments of ancient ceramics excavated in 4 archaeological kiln sites which were located in 3 cities (Hangzhou, Cixi and Longquan in Zhejiang Province, China) have been exami...In the study, chemical compositions of 48 fragments of ancient ceramics excavated in 4 archaeological kiln sites which were located in 3 cities (Hangzhou, Cixi and Longquan in Zhejiang Province, China) have been examined by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) technique. Then the method of SOM was introduced into the clustering analysis based on the major and minor element compositions of the bodies, the results manifested that 48 samples could be perfectly distributed into 3 locations, Hangzhou, Cixi and Longquan. Because the major and minor element compositions of two Royal Kilns were similar to each other, the classification accuracy over them was merely 76.92%. In view of this, the authors have made a SOM clustering analysis again based on the trace element compositions of the bodies, the classification accuracy rose to 84.61%. These results indicated that discrepancies in the trace element compositions of the bodies of the ancient ceramics excavated in two Royal Kiln sites were more distinct than those in the major and minor element compositions, which was in accordance with the fact. We argued that SOM could be employed in the clustering analysis of ancient ceramics.展开更多
A mass of Longquan celadon shards were excavated from the Chuzhou site of Huai＇an City in Jiangsu Province, China. These celadon shards were fired during the period of the Late Yuan Dynasty to the Tianshun era of the...A mass of Longquan celadon shards were excavated from the Chuzhou site of Huai＇an City in Jiangsu Province, China. These celadon shards were fired during the period of the Late Yuan Dynasty to the Tianshun era of the Ming Dynasty, as identified by archaeologists at Nanjing Museum. In order to research the chemical composition features of this ancient celadon porcelain, energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence （EDXRF） for non-destructive analysis was used to determine the chemical composition of the porcelain body and glaze in these shards. The results indicate that Ti and Fe in the body of Longquan celadon are characteristic elements which can distinguish porcelain produced during the Late Yuan Dynasty from those produced in the Ming Dynasties. The results of the principal component analysis （PCA） show that different body and glaze raw materials were used for the production of porcelain in different periods and the raw materials of the body and glaze are also different for various vessel shapes. The chemical compositions in the porcelain body of civilian ware are slightly different. The imperial and civilian Longquan celadon porcelains produced during the Hongwu era to the Tianshun era of the Ming Dynasty are distinguishable by the MnO, Fe2O3, Rb2O and SrO content in their porcelain glaze.展开更多
This group of figurines, each 0.15m tall, were unearthed from a Tang Dynasty tomb in Changsha in 1977. Music was very developed in the Tang Dynasty. Colorful musical instruments and dances were popular both among the ...This group of figurines, each 0.15m tall, were unearthed from a Tang Dynasty tomb in Changsha in 1977. Music was very developed in the Tang Dynasty. Colorful musical instruments and dances were popular both among the people and in the palace. These vivid-looking figurines wear pleated skirts with small sleeves and open chest, a style influenced by the non-Han nationalities living in the north and west of China. Some of the musical instruments were brought from the Western Regions. The figurines are playing the xiao (a vertical bamboo flute), the konghou展开更多
In Buddhist legend, the Bodhisattva Guanyin is infinitely merciful, always helping the needy and succoring the distressed. Guanyin can also freely change into many incarnations. Starting from the 2nd century A.D., Gua...In Buddhist legend, the Bodhisattva Guanyin is infinitely merciful, always helping the needy and succoring the distressed. Guanyin can also freely change into many incarnations. Starting from the 2nd century A.D., Guanyin began to appear as a woman, becoming one of the most important images in Chinese Buddhism. This statue of Guanyin was excavated in 1955 from the ruins of Dadu (the capital of the Yuan Dynasty) at Dingfu Street, Xicheng District of today’s Beijing. It stands 67 cm high. Smiling slightly with her half-lidded eyes, Guanyinlooks dignified and refined, with a some-展开更多
This celadon jar, 16.5 cm high, was produced by the Changsha Kiln during the Tang Dynasty. The Changsha Kiln, located on the bank of the Xiangjiang River, 60 kilometers north of Changsha, was the earliest producer of ...This celadon jar, 16.5 cm high, was produced by the Changsha Kiln during the Tang Dynasty. The Changsha Kiln, located on the bank of the Xiangjiang River, 60 kilometers north of Changsha, was the earliest producer of underglaze decoration. The development of underglaze enamel was a turning point in the history of China’s ancient porcelain. It was a change from a monochromatic glaze to a polychromtic glaze, creating a porcelain blazing展开更多
Celadon ware from the Yue kiln in Zhejiang Province is the typical style of southern porce lain. Starting production in the late East Han Dynasty (25-220 A. D.), the porcelain industry fully developed during the Weste...Celadon ware from the Yue kiln in Zhejiang Province is the typical style of southern porce lain. Starting production in the late East Han Dynasty (25-220 A. D.), the porcelain industry fully developed during the Western Jin. Celadon became outstanding with its improved art form and production techniques. It had both展开更多
文摘LONGQUAN,a historic city in east China’s Zhejiang Province,is renowned for its exquisite celadon ware,featuring fine texture and pure,jade-like glaze.The region has a potterymaking tradition that spans over 1,600 years.Its celadon firing technique originated during the Three Kingdoms Period(220-280)and reached its peak in the Southern Song Dynasty(1127-1279).Since the Song Dynasty(960-1368),Longquan was among the main suppliers of porcelain for the imperial court.From the 12th to the 15th centuries.
文摘The microprobe EDXRF equipment was used for analysis of the major and trace elements in glaze layer-transitive layer-body layer of the celadon from the Altar Yao （Kiln） and Laohudong Yao in the Southern Song Dynasty （1127-1279 A.D.）, Zhejiang, China. The K values of the discriminant factor for the celadon wares are larger than 8, which means the celadon of the Altar Yao and Laohudong Yao are different from that of the Longquan Yao. The former two belong to the Guan Yao system （the Chinese imperial kilns）, but the latter to the Min Yao system （the Chinese popular kilns）. The principle component analysis shows their relationship between the Altar and Laohudong wares with provenance postulation. The thickness of the transitive layer in the Altar and Laohudong wares is obviously different, which reveals the microstructure characteristics of the celadon even though both kinds of wares belong to the imperial kiln system.
文摘正Celadon of Yue Kiln comes from the famous ancient Chinese Yue kiln in Southern China. The earliest porcelain was successfully made in this very kiln in the Eastern Han Dynasty, so it is also honored as the "mother porcelain". The kiln stopped producing at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and the early
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50762006)the Origin Exploring of Chinese Civilization Projects (second) (Grant No. 2006BAK21B03)Jiangxi Provincial Department of Education (Grant No. LS0908)
文摘The Noble Burials of the Yue State at Hongshan in Wuxi City with many fancy burial objects were excavated by Archaeology Institute of Jiangsu Province and Xishan District Committee for Administration of Cultural Relics of China. It was appraised as one of the ten major archaeological excavations in 2004. Some precious ceramic samples excavated from this site are very important for studying the development history of Chinese ceramics, especially for studying the origin of porcelain. With the cooperation of Archaeology Institute of Nanjing Museum, the ceramic samples excavated from the Noble Burials of the Yue State at Hongshan were collected and systematically analyzed. Compared with the celadon samples produced in Yue-kiln site during later Eastern Han Dynasty (25–220 A.D.), some important topics such as the provenance and properties of the ceramic samples excavated from the Noble Burials of the Yue State at Hongshan were deeply studied.
基金the Research Foundation of City University of Hong Kong (Grant No. 7001104)
文摘In the study, chemical compositions of 48 fragments of ancient ceramics excavated in 4 archaeological kiln sites which were located in 3 cities (Hangzhou, Cixi and Longquan in Zhejiang Province, China) have been examined by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) technique. Then the method of SOM was introduced into the clustering analysis based on the major and minor element compositions of the bodies, the results manifested that 48 samples could be perfectly distributed into 3 locations, Hangzhou, Cixi and Longquan. Because the major and minor element compositions of two Royal Kilns were similar to each other, the classification accuracy over them was merely 76.92%. In view of this, the authors have made a SOM clustering analysis again based on the trace element compositions of the bodies, the classification accuracy rose to 84.61%. These results indicated that discrepancies in the trace element compositions of the bodies of the ancient ceramics excavated in two Royal Kiln sites were more distinct than those in the major and minor element compositions, which was in accordance with the fact. We argued that SOM could be employed in the clustering analysis of ancient ceramics.
基金Supported by Knowledge Innovative Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJCX3.SYW.N12)National Natural Science Foundation of China (10705032, 10875137)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing City(1082009)
文摘A mass of Longquan celadon shards were excavated from the Chuzhou site of Huai＇an City in Jiangsu Province, China. These celadon shards were fired during the period of the Late Yuan Dynasty to the Tianshun era of the Ming Dynasty, as identified by archaeologists at Nanjing Museum. In order to research the chemical composition features of this ancient celadon porcelain, energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence （EDXRF） for non-destructive analysis was used to determine the chemical composition of the porcelain body and glaze in these shards. The results indicate that Ti and Fe in the body of Longquan celadon are characteristic elements which can distinguish porcelain produced during the Late Yuan Dynasty from those produced in the Ming Dynasties. The results of the principal component analysis （PCA） show that different body and glaze raw materials were used for the production of porcelain in different periods and the raw materials of the body and glaze are also different for various vessel shapes. The chemical compositions in the porcelain body of civilian ware are slightly different. The imperial and civilian Longquan celadon porcelains produced during the Hongwu era to the Tianshun era of the Ming Dynasty are distinguishable by the MnO, Fe2O3, Rb2O and SrO content in their porcelain glaze.
文摘This group of figurines, each 0.15m tall, were unearthed from a Tang Dynasty tomb in Changsha in 1977. Music was very developed in the Tang Dynasty. Colorful musical instruments and dances were popular both among the people and in the palace. These vivid-looking figurines wear pleated skirts with small sleeves and open chest, a style influenced by the non-Han nationalities living in the north and west of China. Some of the musical instruments were brought from the Western Regions. The figurines are playing the xiao (a vertical bamboo flute), the konghou
文摘In Buddhist legend, the Bodhisattva Guanyin is infinitely merciful, always helping the needy and succoring the distressed. Guanyin can also freely change into many incarnations. Starting from the 2nd century A.D., Guanyin began to appear as a woman, becoming one of the most important images in Chinese Buddhism. This statue of Guanyin was excavated in 1955 from the ruins of Dadu (the capital of the Yuan Dynasty) at Dingfu Street, Xicheng District of today’s Beijing. It stands 67 cm high. Smiling slightly with her half-lidded eyes, Guanyinlooks dignified and refined, with a some-
文摘This celadon jar, 16.5 cm high, was produced by the Changsha Kiln during the Tang Dynasty. The Changsha Kiln, located on the bank of the Xiangjiang River, 60 kilometers north of Changsha, was the earliest producer of underglaze decoration. The development of underglaze enamel was a turning point in the history of China’s ancient porcelain. It was a change from a monochromatic glaze to a polychromtic glaze, creating a porcelain blazing
文摘Celadon ware from the Yue kiln in Zhejiang Province is the typical style of southern porce lain. Starting production in the late East Han Dynasty (25-220 A. D.), the porcelain industry fully developed during the Western Jin. Celadon became outstanding with its improved art form and production techniques. It had both
