The carbon nanotubes-coated cordierite （CNTs-cordierite） was fabricated by pyrolysis of ethine on cordierite with iron catalyst, which was penetrated into the cordierite substrate by vacuum impregnation. The cordier...The carbon nanotubes-coated cordierite （CNTs-cordierite） was fabricated by pyrolysis of ethine on cordierite with iron catalyst, which was penetrated into the cordierite substrate by vacuum impregnation. The cordierite substrate, carbon naontubes, and CNTs-cordierite were characterized by SEM, TEM/HREM, BET, and TGA. The results show that the carbon nanotubes were distributed uniformly on the surface of cordierite. A significant increase in BET surface area and pore volume was observed, and a suitable pore-size distribution was obtained. On the CNTs-cordierite, carbon nanotubes penetrated into the cordierite substrate, which led to a remarkable stability of the CNTs against ultrasound maltreatment. Growth time is an important factor for thermostability and texture of the sample. The mass increased but the purity decreased with the growth time, which caused the exothermic peak shift to low temperature, and the corresponding full width half maximum （FWHM） of the peak in DTG increased.展开更多
Metallic-monolith catalyst support with self-growing porous anodic alumina(PAA)film was prepared by anodizing Al plate.The effect of hydrothermal treatment(HTT)on the crystalline state and textural properties of PAA f...Metallic-monolith catalyst support with self-growing porous anodic alumina(PAA)film was prepared by anodizing Al plate.The effect of hydrothermal treatment(HTT)on the crystalline state and textural properties of PAA film was investigated by XRD,BET,SEM and TG.The HTT treatment above 50°C and the subsequent calcination above 300°C could convert the amorphous skeleton alumina intoγ-alumina and increase the specific surface area(SBET).However,SEM images showed the HTT modification was a non-uniform process along the thickness of PAA film.The promotion effect of HTT on SBETwas non-linear,and the slope of SBETgradually decreased with the HTT temperature or time increased.The limited HTT effect should be attributed to a changed pore structure caused by an unfavorable pore sealing limitation.Pore widening treatment(PWT)before HTT could break the pore sealing limitation,because of the reduced internal diffusion resistance of hydrothermal reaction.The synergistic combination of PWT and HTT developed a PAA support with a large SBETcomparable to commercialγ-alumina.In the catalytic combustion of toluene,the Pt-based catalyst prepared by using the PWT and HTT comodified PAA support gave higher Pt dispersion and more favorable catalytic activity than that treated by HTT alone.The presence of a bimodal pore structure was suggested to be a decisive reason.展开更多
Aluminated mesoporous silica was prepared by multiple post-grafting of alumina onto uniform mesoporous SiO2 ,which was assembled from monodisperse SiO2 microspheres.Hydrodesulfurization（HDS）catalyst was prepared by ...Aluminated mesoporous silica was prepared by multiple post-grafting of alumina onto uniform mesoporous SiO2 ,which was assembled from monodisperse SiO2 microspheres.Hydrodesulfurization（HDS）catalyst was prepared by loading Ni and Mo active components onto the aluminated uniform mesoporous SiO2 ,and its HDS catalytic performance was evaluated using hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene as the probe reaction at 300℃ and 6.0 MPa in a tubular reactor.The samples were characterized by N2 physisorption,scanning electronic microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectrum,X-ray diffraction（XRD）,temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia（NH3-TPD）,^27Al nuclear magnetic resonance（^27Al-NMR）and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy（HRTEM）.The results showed that the Si–OH group content of SiO2 was mainly dependent on the pretreatment conditions and had significant influence on the activity of the Ni Mo catalyst.The surface properties of the aluminated SiO2 varied with the Al2O3-grafting cycles.Generally after four cycles of grafting,the aluminated SiO2 behaved like amorphous alumina.In addition,plotting of activity of Ni Mo catalysts supported on aluminated meso–macroporous silica materials against the Al2O3-grafting cycle yields a volcano curve.展开更多
Graphite intercalation compounds（GIC） were tested as an experimental model for studying the electronic effect of carbon support on the catalytic activity and poisoning tolerance of Pt catalyst for direct methanol fu...Graphite intercalation compounds（GIC） were tested as an experimental model for studying the electronic effect of carbon support on the catalytic activity and poisoning tolerance of Pt catalyst for direct methanol fuel cells. The GIC samples with different intercalation degrees were prepared by electrolyzing graphite flake in H2SO4 for varying the periods of time. The GIC-supported Pt catalyst was deposited electrochemically. The catalytic activity and poisoning tolerance of the GIC-supported Pt catalysts were evaluated. It was found that GIC with sulfate anion as intercalate was able to catalyze methanol electrooxidation, which could be related to the positive charges generated on the graphite layer upon intercalation. As intercalation degree increased, the catalytic activity of the GIC-supported Pt catalyst decreased while the poisoning tolerance improved. This suggests that electron donation from support to catalyst had great effect on both catalytic activity and poisoning tolerance of Pt catalyst. And intercalation can be adopted as another important way to make modification on carboneous catalyst support.展开更多
In this study, the laminated porous metal fiber sintered felt(PMFSF) functioning as catalyst support was used in a cylindrical methanol steam reforming(MSR) microreactor for hydrogen production. The PMFSF was fabricat...In this study, the laminated porous metal fiber sintered felt(PMFSF) functioning as catalyst support was used in a cylindrical methanol steam reforming(MSR) microreactor for hydrogen production. The PMFSF was fabricated by the low temperature solid-phase sintering method using metal fibers such as copper fibers and aluminum fibers which are obtained by the multi-tooth cutting method. The two-layer impregnation method was employed to coat Cu/Zn/Al/Zr catalyst on the PMFSF. The effect of fiber material, uniform porosity and gradient porosity on the performance of methano steam reforming microreactor was studied by varying the gas hourly space velocity(GHSV) and reaction temperature. Our results showed that the loading strength of porous copper fiber sintered felt(PCFSF) was better than porous aluminum fiber sintered felt(PAFSF). Under the same reaction conditions, the PCFSF showed higher methanol conversion and more H_2 output than PAFSF. Moreover, the gradient porosity(Type 5: 90%×80%×70%) of PMFSF used as the catalyst support in microreactor demonstrated a best reaction performance for hydrogen production.展开更多
Innovative catalysts based on a "porous glass" support material were developed and investigated for the reduction of benzalace-tophenone. The easy preparation conditions and possibility to use different meta...Innovative catalysts based on a "porous glass" support material were developed and investigated for the reduction of benzalace-tophenone. The easy preparation conditions and possibility to use different metals (e.g. Pd, Pt, Rh) for impregnation gave a broad variety of these catalysts. Hydrogenation experiments with these supported catalysts were carried out under different hydrogen pressures and temperatures. Porous glass catalysts with Pd as the active component gave chemoselective hydrogenation of benzalacetophenone, while Pt- and Rh-catalysts tended to further reduce the carbonyl group, especially at elevated hydrogen pressures and temperatures. Kinetic analysis of the reactions revealed these had zero order kinetics, which was independent of the type of porous glass support and solvent used.展开更多
La2O3 doped Fe2O3 support was prepared by co-precipitation method,and gold was loaded by deposition-precipitation.Thermal stability of gold catalyst was enhanced considerably by La2O3 doping.Even when calcined at 500 ...La2O3 doped Fe2O3 support was prepared by co-precipitation method,and gold was loaded by deposition-precipitation.Thermal stability of gold catalyst was enhanced considerably by La2O3 doping.Even when calcined at 500 oC for 12 h,the catalyst doped with La2O3 could convert 90% of CO at 28.9 oC,while the catalyst without La2O3 doping achieved 90% CO conversion at 43.5 oC.Characterization techniques,such as N2 adsorption-desorption,X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopic(TEM) and thermogravime...展开更多
A series of heterogeneous catalysts with Cp2TiCl2 supported on palygorskite were prepared and evaluated by ethylene slurry polymerizations. The so-called direct supported catalyst, for which the pretreatment of palygo...A series of heterogeneous catalysts with Cp2TiCl2 supported on palygorskite were prepared and evaluated by ethylene slurry polymerizations. The so-called direct supported catalyst, for which the pretreatment of palygorskite with MAO or Al（i-Bu）3 was not necessary, gave the highest activity among these supported catalysts and could be more robust than homogeneous Cp2TiCl2. With the direct supported catalyst, no significant activity loss was observed under low Al/Ti molar ratios （Al/Ti=300） and the decay of polymerization rate was slower when compared to the other supported catalysts. It was found that the surface Lewis acidity of palygorskite after thermal treatment played an important role in activation of metallocene compound and resulted in high catalyst activity.展开更多
Carbon-supported mercury catalysts are extensivelyemployed in calcium carbide-based polyvinyl chloride(PVC)industries,but the usage of mercury-based catalysts can pose an environmental threat due to the release of mer...Carbon-supported mercury catalysts are extensivelyemployed in calcium carbide-based polyvinyl chloride(PVC)industries,but the usage of mercury-based catalysts can pose an environmental threat due to the release of mercury into the surrounding area during the operation period.In this study,a highly active and stable mercury-based catalyst was developed,utilizing the nitrogen atom of the support as the anchor site to enhance the interaction between active sites(HgCl_(2))and the carbon support(N-AC).Thermal loss rate testing and thermogravimetric analysis results demonstrate that,compared to commercial activated carbon,N-doped carbon can effectively increase the heat stability of HgCl_(2).The obtained mercury-based catalysts(HgCl_(2)/N-AC)exhibit significant catalytic performance,achieving 2.5 times the C2H2 conversion of conventional HgCl_(2)/AC catalysts.Experimental analysis combined with theoretical calculations reveals that,contrary to the Eley-Rideal(ER)mechanism of HgCl_(2)/AC,the HgCl_(2)/N-AC catalyst follows the Langmuir-Hinshelwood(LH)adsorption mechanism.The nitrogen sites and HgCl_(2) on the catalyst enhance the adsorption capabilities of the HCl and C2H2,thereby improving the catalytic performance.Based on the modification of the active center by these solid ligands,the loading amount of HgCl_(2) on the catalyst can be further reduced from the current 6.5%to 3%.Considering the absence of successful industrial applications for mercury-free catalysts,and based on the current annual consumption of commercial mercury chloride catalysts in the PVC industry,the widespread adoption of this technology could annually reduce the usage of chlorine mercury by 500 tons,making a notable contribution to mercury compliance,reduction,and emissions control in China.It also serves as a bridge between mercury-free and low-mercury catalysts.Moreover,this solid ligand technology can assist in the application research of mercury-free catalysts.展开更多
Catalyst–support interaction plays a crucial role in improving the catalytic activity of oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Here we modulate the catalyst–support interaction in polyaniline-supported Ni_(3)Fe oxide(Ni_(3...Catalyst–support interaction plays a crucial role in improving the catalytic activity of oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Here we modulate the catalyst–support interaction in polyaniline-supported Ni_(3)Fe oxide(Ni_(3)Fe oxide/PANI)with a robust hetero-interface,which significantly improves oxygen evolution activities with an overpotential of 270 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)and specific activity of 2.08 mA cm_(ECSA)^(-2)at overpotential of 300 mV,3.84-fold that of Ni_(3)Fe oxide.It is revealed that the catalyst–support interaction between Ni_(3)Fe oxide and PANI support enhances the Ni–O covalency via the interfacial Ni–N bond,thus promoting the charge and mass transfer on Ni_(3)Fe oxide.Considering the excellent activity and stability,rechargeable Zn-air batteries with optimum Ni_(3)Fe oxide/PANI are assembled,delivering a low charge voltage of 1.95 V to cycle for 400 h at 10 mA cm^(-2).The regulation of the effect of catalyst–support interaction on catalytic activity provides new possibilities for the future design of highly efficient OER catalysts.展开更多
Herein,three supported catalysts,CuO/Al_(2)O_(3),CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3),and CuO-CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3),were synthesized by the convenient impregnation method to reveal the effect of CeO_(2)addition on catalytic performance ...Herein,three supported catalysts,CuO/Al_(2)O_(3),CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3),and CuO-CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3),were synthesized by the convenient impregnation method to reveal the effect of CeO_(2)addition on catalytic performance and reaction mechanism for toluene oxidation.Compared with CuO/Al_(2)O_(3),the T_(50)and T_(90)(the temperatures at 50%and 90%toluene conversion,respectively)of CuO-CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)were reduced by 33 and 39°C,respectively.N_(2)adsorptiondesorption experiment,XRD,SEM,EDS mapping,Raman,EPR,H_(2)-TPR,O_(2)-TPD,XPS,NH_(3)-TPD,Toluene-TPD,and in-situ DRIFTS were conducted to characterize these catalysts.The excellent catalytic performance of CuO-CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)could be attributed to its strong coppercerium interaction and high oxygen vacancies concentration.Moreover,in-situ DRIFTS proved that CuO-CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)promoted the conversion of toluene to benzoate and accelerated the deep degradation path of toluene.This work provided valuable insights into the development of efficient and economical catalysts for volatile organic compounds.展开更多
Maintaining high metal dispersion of supported metal catalysts to achieve superior reactivity under harsh conditions poses one of the main challenges for their practical applications.Constructing and regulating the st...Maintaining high metal dispersion of supported metal catalysts to achieve superior reactivity under harsh conditions poses one of the main challenges for their practical applications.Constructing and regulating the strong metal-support interactions(SMSI)by diverse methodologies has emerged as one of the promising approaches to fabricating robust supported metal catalysts.In this study,we report an L-ascorbic acid(AA)-inducing strategy to generate SMSI on a titania-supported gold(Au)catalyst after high-temperature treatment in an inert atmosphere(600℃,N_(2)).The AA-induced SMSI can efficiently stabilize Au nanoparticles(NPs)and preserve their catalytic performance.The detailed study reveals that the key to realizing this SMSI is the generation of oxygen vacancies within the TiO_(2) support induced by the adsorbed AA,which drives the formation of the Ti Oxpermeable layer onto the Au NPs.The strategy could be extended to TiO_(2)-supported Au catalysts with different crystal phases and platinum group metals,such as Pt,Pd,and Rh.This work offers a promising novel route to design stable and efficient supported noble metal catalysts by constructing SMSI using simple reducing organic adsorbent.展开更多
Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)exhausted from industrial processes are the major atmospheric pollutants,which could destroy the ecological environment and make hazards to human health seriously.Catalytic oxidation is...Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)exhausted from industrial processes are the major atmospheric pollutants,which could destroy the ecological environment and make hazards to human health seriously.Catalytic oxidation is regarded as the most competitive strategy for the efficient elimination of low-concentration VOCs.Supported noble metal catalysts are preferred catalysts due to their excellent low-temperature catalytic activity.To further lower the cost of catalysts,single atom catalysts(SAC)have been fabricated and extensively studied for application in VOCs oxidation due to their 100%atom-utilization efficiency and unique catalytic performance.In this review,we comprehensively summarize the recent advances in supported noble metal(e.g.,Pt,Pd,Au,and Ag)catalysts and SAC for VOCs oxidation since 2015.Firstly,this paper focuses on some important influencing factors that affect the activity of supported noble metal catalysts,including particle size,valence state and dispersion of noble metals,properties of the support,metal oxide/ion modification,preparation method,and pretreatment conditions of catalysts.Secondly,we briefly summarize the catalytic performance of SAC for typical VOCs.Finally,we conclude the key influencing factors and provide the prospects and challenges of VOCs oxidation.展开更多
Catalytic ozonation is an effective wastewater purification process.However,the low ozone mass transfer in packed bubble columns leads to low ozone utilization efficiency(OUE),poor organic degradation performance,and ...Catalytic ozonation is an effective wastewater purification process.However,the low ozone mass transfer in packed bubble columns leads to low ozone utilization efficiency(OUE),poor organic degradation performance,and high energy consumption.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop efficient supported catalysts that can enhancemass transfer and performance.However,the reaction mechanism of the support on ozone mass transfer remains unclear,which hinders the development of catalytic ozonation applications.In this study,lava rocks(LR)-supported catalysts,specifically CuMn_(2)O_(4)@LR and MnO_(2)–Co_(3)O_(4)@LR,were proposed for catalytic ozonation of IBP degradation due to their superior catalytic activity,stability,and high OUE.Addition of CuMn_(2)O_(4)@LR or MnO_(2)–Co_(3)O_(4)@LR increased IBP removal efficiency from 85%to 91%or 88%,and reduced energy consumption from 2.86 to 2.14 kWh/m^(3)or 2.60 kWh/m^(3),respectively.This improvement was attributed to LRsupported catalysts enhancing mass transfer and promoting O3 decomposition to generate•OH and•O_(2)^(−),leading to IBP degradation.Furthermore,this study investigated the effects of ozone dose,supporter sizes,and catalyst components on ozone-liquid mass transfer.The results revealed that the size of the supporter influenced stacked porosity and consequently affected ozone mass transfer.Larger-sized LR(kLa=0.172 min^(−1))exhibited better mass transfer compared to smaller-sized supports.Based on these findings,it was concluded that both CuMn_(2)O_(4)@LR and MnO_(2)–Co_(3)O_(4)@LR are potential catalysts for catalytic ozonation in residual IBP degradation of pharmaceutical wastewater,and LR showed good credibility as a catalyst supporter.Understanding the effects of supporters and active components on ozone mass transfer provides a fundamental principle for designing supported catalysts in catalytic ozonation applications.展开更多
Enhancing the stability of supported noble metal catalysts emerges is a major challenge in both science and industry.Herein,a heterogeneous Pd catalyst(Pd/NCF)was prepared by supporting Pd ultrafine metal nanoparticle...Enhancing the stability of supported noble metal catalysts emerges is a major challenge in both science and industry.Herein,a heterogeneous Pd catalyst(Pd/NCF)was prepared by supporting Pd ultrafine metal nanoparticles(NPs)on nitrogen-doped carbon;synthesized by using F127 as a stabilizer,as well as chitosan as a carbon and nitrogen source.The Pd/NCF catalyst was efficient and recyclable for oxidative carbonylation of phenol to diphenyl carbonate,exhibiting higher stability than Pd/NC prepared without F127 addition.The hydrogen bond between chitosan(CTS)and F127 was enhanced by F127,which anchored the N in the free amino group,increasing the N content of the carbon material and ensuring that the support could provide sufficient N sites for the deposition of Pd NPs.This process helped to improve metal dispersion.The increased metal-support interaction,which limits the leaching and coarsening of Pd NPs,improves the stability of the Pd/NCF catalyst.Furthermore,density functional theory calculations indicated that pyridine N stabilized the Pd^(2+)species,significantly inhibiting the loss of Pd^(2+)in Pd/NCF during the reaction process.This work provides a promising avenue towards enhancing the stability of nitrogen-doped carbon-supported metal catalysts.展开更多
Developing the alternative supported noble metal catalysts with low cost,high catalytic efficiency,and good resistance toward carbon dioxide and water vapor is critically demanded for the oxidative removal of volatile...Developing the alternative supported noble metal catalysts with low cost,high catalytic efficiency,and good resistance toward carbon dioxide and water vapor is critically demanded for the oxidative removal of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).In this work,we prepared the mesoporous chromia-supported bimetallic Co and Ni single-atom(Co_(1)Ni_(1)/meso-Cr_(2)O_(3))and bimetallic Co and Ni nanoparticle(Co_(NP)Ni_(NP)/mesoCr_(2)O_(3))catalysts adopting the one-pot polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP)-and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)-protecting approaches,respectively.The results indicate that the Co_(1)Ni_(1)/meso-Cr_(2)O_(3)catalyst exhibited the best catalytic activity for n-hexane(C_(6)H_(14))combustion(T_(50%)and T_(90%)were 239 and 263℃ at a space velocity of 40,000 mL g^(-1)h^(-1);apparent activation energy and specific reaction rate at 260℃ were 54.7 kJ mol^(-1)and 4.3×10^(-7)mol g^(-1)_(cat)s^(-1),respectively),which was associated with its higher(Cr^(5+)+Cr^(6+))amount,large n-hexane adsorption capacity,and good lattice oxygen mobility that could enhance the deep oxidation of n-hexane,in which Ni_(1) was beneficial for the enhancements in surface lattice oxygen mobility and low-temperature reducibility,while Co_(1) preferred to generate higher contents of the high-valence states of chromium and surface oxygen species as well as adsorption and activation of n-hexane.n-Hexane combustion takes place via the Mars van Krevelen(MvK)mechanism,and its reaction pathways are as follows:n-hexane→olefins or 3-hexyl hydroperoxide→3-hexanone,2-hexanone or 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran→2-methyloxirane or 2-ethyl-oxetane→acrylic acid→CO_x→CO_(2)and H_(2)O.展开更多
The selective hydrogenation of dimethyl toluene-2,4-dicarbamate(TDC)to methyl cyclohexyl-2,4-dicarbamate(also called hydrogenated TDC,HTDC)is an essential process for non-phosgene synthesis of methylcyclohexane-2,4-di...The selective hydrogenation of dimethyl toluene-2,4-dicarbamate(TDC)to methyl cyclohexyl-2,4-dicarbamate(also called hydrogenated TDC,HTDC)is an essential process for non-phosgene synthesis of methylcyclohexane-2,4-diisocyanate.Herein,we prepared a series of supported Rh-based catalysts by the excessive impregnation method and investigated their catalytic performance for the selective hydrogenation of TDC.The emphasis was put on the influence of support properties on the catalytic performance.Among the prepared catalysts,Rh/g-Al_(2)O_(3)performed the best:a HTDC yield of 88.4%was achieved with a 100%conversion of TDC under the conditions of 100℃,3 MPa and 1 h.Furthermore,Rh/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)could be repetitively used for 4 times without a significant loss of its catalytic activity.TEM,XRD,N_(2)adsorption-desorption,H_(2)-TPR,NH_(3)/CO_(2)-TPD,XPS and ICP characterizations were employed to distinguish the properties of the prepared catalysts and the results were correlated with their catalytic performance.It is indicated that the yield of HTDC shows a positive relevance with the percentage of moderate-to-strong acid sites and the content of Rh^(n+)(n≥3)in the catalysts.High values of the percentage and the content can promote a strong interaction between Rh nanoparticles and the supports,facilitating both the transfer of electrons from Rh to the support and the formation of Rh^(n+)species.This is conducive to activating the benzene ring of TDC and thereby improving the yield of HTDC.展开更多
In this study,supported Pd catalysts were prepared and used as heterogeneous catalysts for the activation of peroxymonosulfate(PMS)which successfully degrade bisphenol F(BPF).Among the supported catalysts(i.e.,Pd/SiO_...In this study,supported Pd catalysts were prepared and used as heterogeneous catalysts for the activation of peroxymonosulfate(PMS)which successfully degrade bisphenol F(BPF).Among the supported catalysts(i.e.,Pd/SiO_(2),Pd/CeO_(2),Pd/TiO_(2)and Pd/Al2O3),Pd/TiO_(2)exhibited the highest catalytic activity due to the high isoelectric point and high Pd0 content.Pd/TiO_(2)prepared by the deposition method leads to high Pd dispersion,which are the key factors for efficient BPF degradation.The influencing factors were investigated during the reaction process and two possible degradation pathways were proposed.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrate that stronger BPF adsorption and BPF degradation with lower reaction barrier occurs on smaller Pd particles.The catalytic activities are strongly dependent on the structural features of the catalysts.Both experiments and theoretical calculations prove that the reaction is actuated by electron transfer rather than radicals.展开更多
Most of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are harmful to the atmosphere and human health. Cata‐lytic combustion is an effective way to eliminate VOCs. The key issue is the availability of high per‐formance catalys...Most of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are harmful to the atmosphere and human health. Cata‐lytic combustion is an effective way to eliminate VOCs. The key issue is the availability of high per‐formance catalysts. Many catalysts including transition metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, and sup‐ported noble metals have been developed. Among these catalysts, the porous ones attract much attention. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the synthesis of ordered mesoporous and macroporous transition metal oxides, perovskites, and supported noble metal catalysts and their catalytic oxidation of VOCs. The porous catalysts outperformed their bulk counterparts. This excel‐lent catalytic performance was due to their high surface areas, high concentration of adsorbed oxy‐gen species, low temperature reducibility, strong interaction between noble metal and support and highly dispersed noble metal nanoparticles and unique porous structures. Catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide over typical catalysts was also discussed. We made conclusive remarks and pro‐posed future work for the removal of VOCs.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20576021）Science ＆ Technology Priority Project of Fujian Province （2005H201-2）.
文摘The carbon nanotubes-coated cordierite （CNTs-cordierite） was fabricated by pyrolysis of ethine on cordierite with iron catalyst, which was penetrated into the cordierite substrate by vacuum impregnation. The cordierite substrate, carbon naontubes, and CNTs-cordierite were characterized by SEM, TEM/HREM, BET, and TGA. The results show that the carbon nanotubes were distributed uniformly on the surface of cordierite. A significant increase in BET surface area and pore volume was observed, and a suitable pore-size distribution was obtained. On the CNTs-cordierite, carbon nanotubes penetrated into the cordierite substrate, which led to a remarkable stability of the CNTs against ultrasound maltreatment. Growth time is an important factor for thermostability and texture of the sample. The mass increased but the purity decreased with the growth time, which caused the exothermic peak shift to low temperature, and the corresponding full width half maximum （FWHM） of the peak in DTG increased.
文摘Metallic-monolith catalyst support with self-growing porous anodic alumina(PAA)film was prepared by anodizing Al plate.The effect of hydrothermal treatment(HTT)on the crystalline state and textural properties of PAA film was investigated by XRD,BET,SEM and TG.The HTT treatment above 50°C and the subsequent calcination above 300°C could convert the amorphous skeleton alumina intoγ-alumina and increase the specific surface area(SBET).However,SEM images showed the HTT modification was a non-uniform process along the thickness of PAA film.The promotion effect of HTT on SBETwas non-linear,and the slope of SBETgradually decreased with the HTT temperature or time increased.The limited HTT effect should be attributed to a changed pore structure caused by an unfavorable pore sealing limitation.Pore widening treatment(PWT)before HTT could break the pore sealing limitation,because of the reduced internal diffusion resistance of hydrothermal reaction.The synergistic combination of PWT and HTT developed a PAA support with a large SBETcomparable to commercialγ-alumina.In the catalytic combustion of toluene,the Pt-based catalyst prepared by using the PWT and HTT comodified PAA support gave higher Pt dispersion and more favorable catalytic activity than that treated by HTT alone.The presence of a bimodal pore structure was suggested to be a decisive reason.
基金Financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 91534120)the Shanghai Petrochemical Company of Sinopec (under the contract number 30450127-13-ZC0607-0001)
文摘Aluminated mesoporous silica was prepared by multiple post-grafting of alumina onto uniform mesoporous SiO2 ,which was assembled from monodisperse SiO2 microspheres.Hydrodesulfurization（HDS）catalyst was prepared by loading Ni and Mo active components onto the aluminated uniform mesoporous SiO2 ,and its HDS catalytic performance was evaluated using hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene as the probe reaction at 300℃ and 6.0 MPa in a tubular reactor.The samples were characterized by N2 physisorption,scanning electronic microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectrum,X-ray diffraction（XRD）,temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia（NH3-TPD）,^27Al nuclear magnetic resonance（^27Al-NMR）and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy（HRTEM）.The results showed that the Si–OH group content of SiO2 was mainly dependent on the pretreatment conditions and had significant influence on the activity of the Ni Mo catalyst.The surface properties of the aluminated SiO2 varied with the Al2O3-grafting cycles.Generally after four cycles of grafting,the aluminated SiO2 behaved like amorphous alumina.In addition,plotting of activity of Ni Mo catalysts supported on aluminated meso–macroporous silica materials against the Al2O3-grafting cycle yields a volcano curve.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20673068)
文摘Graphite intercalation compounds（GIC） were tested as an experimental model for studying the electronic effect of carbon support on the catalytic activity and poisoning tolerance of Pt catalyst for direct methanol fuel cells. The GIC samples with different intercalation degrees were prepared by electrolyzing graphite flake in H2SO4 for varying the periods of time. The GIC-supported Pt catalyst was deposited electrochemically. The catalytic activity and poisoning tolerance of the GIC-supported Pt catalysts were evaluated. It was found that GIC with sulfate anion as intercalate was able to catalyze methanol electrooxidation, which could be related to the positive charges generated on the graphite layer upon intercalation. As intercalation degree increased, the catalytic activity of the GIC-supported Pt catalyst decreased while the poisoning tolerance improved. This suggests that electron donation from support to catalyst had great effect on both catalytic activity and poisoning tolerance of Pt catalyst. And intercalation can be adopted as another important way to make modification on carboneous catalyst support.
基金supported by the Natural Science Fundation of Fujian Province of China (No. 2017J06015)the Foundation of Public Welfare Research and Capacity Building in Guangdong Province (No. 2014A010106002)+2 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering (RIPP, SINOPEC) under Project No. 33600000-15-ZC06070004the supports from the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities, the Xiamen University (No. 20720160079)the Collaborative Innovation Center of HighEnd Equipment Manufacturing in Fujian are also acknowledged
文摘In this study, the laminated porous metal fiber sintered felt(PMFSF) functioning as catalyst support was used in a cylindrical methanol steam reforming(MSR) microreactor for hydrogen production. The PMFSF was fabricated by the low temperature solid-phase sintering method using metal fibers such as copper fibers and aluminum fibers which are obtained by the multi-tooth cutting method. The two-layer impregnation method was employed to coat Cu/Zn/Al/Zr catalyst on the PMFSF. The effect of fiber material, uniform porosity and gradient porosity on the performance of methano steam reforming microreactor was studied by varying the gas hourly space velocity(GHSV) and reaction temperature. Our results showed that the loading strength of porous copper fiber sintered felt(PCFSF) was better than porous aluminum fiber sintered felt(PAFSF). Under the same reaction conditions, the PCFSF showed higher methanol conversion and more H_2 output than PAFSF. Moreover, the gradient porosity(Type 5: 90%×80%×70%) of PMFSF used as the catalyst support in microreactor demonstrated a best reaction performance for hydrogen production.
文摘Innovative catalysts based on a "porous glass" support material were developed and investigated for the reduction of benzalace-tophenone. The easy preparation conditions and possibility to use different metals (e.g. Pd, Pt, Rh) for impregnation gave a broad variety of these catalysts. Hydrogenation experiments with these supported catalysts were carried out under different hydrogen pressures and temperatures. Porous glass catalysts with Pd as the active component gave chemoselective hydrogenation of benzalacetophenone, while Pt- and Rh-catalysts tended to further reduce the carbonyl group, especially at elevated hydrogen pressures and temperatures. Kinetic analysis of the reactions revealed these had zero order kinetics, which was independent of the type of porous glass support and solvent used.
基金supported by the Henkel Professorship of Tongji University
文摘La2O3 doped Fe2O3 support was prepared by co-precipitation method,and gold was loaded by deposition-precipitation.Thermal stability of gold catalyst was enhanced considerably by La2O3 doping.Even when calcined at 500 oC for 12 h,the catalyst doped with La2O3 could convert 90% of CO at 28.9 oC,while the catalyst without La2O3 doping achieved 90% CO conversion at 43.5 oC.Characterization techniques,such as N2 adsorption-desorption,X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopic(TEM) and thermogravime...
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20376069).
文摘A series of heterogeneous catalysts with Cp2TiCl2 supported on palygorskite were prepared and evaluated by ethylene slurry polymerizations. The so-called direct supported catalyst, for which the pretreatment of palygorskite with MAO or Al（i-Bu）3 was not necessary, gave the highest activity among these supported catalysts and could be more robust than homogeneous Cp2TiCl2. With the direct supported catalyst, no significant activity loss was observed under low Al/Ti molar ratios （Al/Ti=300） and the decay of polymerization rate was slower when compared to the other supported catalysts. It was found that the surface Lewis acidity of palygorskite after thermal treatment played an important role in activation of metallocene compound and resulted in high catalyst activity.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFC3907904).
文摘Carbon-supported mercury catalysts are extensivelyemployed in calcium carbide-based polyvinyl chloride(PVC)industries,but the usage of mercury-based catalysts can pose an environmental threat due to the release of mercury into the surrounding area during the operation period.In this study,a highly active and stable mercury-based catalyst was developed,utilizing the nitrogen atom of the support as the anchor site to enhance the interaction between active sites(HgCl_(2))and the carbon support(N-AC).Thermal loss rate testing and thermogravimetric analysis results demonstrate that,compared to commercial activated carbon,N-doped carbon can effectively increase the heat stability of HgCl_(2).The obtained mercury-based catalysts(HgCl_(2)/N-AC)exhibit significant catalytic performance,achieving 2.5 times the C2H2 conversion of conventional HgCl_(2)/AC catalysts.Experimental analysis combined with theoretical calculations reveals that,contrary to the Eley-Rideal(ER)mechanism of HgCl_(2)/AC,the HgCl_(2)/N-AC catalyst follows the Langmuir-Hinshelwood(LH)adsorption mechanism.The nitrogen sites and HgCl_(2) on the catalyst enhance the adsorption capabilities of the HCl and C2H2,thereby improving the catalytic performance.Based on the modification of the active center by these solid ligands,the loading amount of HgCl_(2) on the catalyst can be further reduced from the current 6.5%to 3%.Considering the absence of successful industrial applications for mercury-free catalysts,and based on the current annual consumption of commercial mercury chloride catalysts in the PVC industry,the widespread adoption of this technology could annually reduce the usage of chlorine mercury by 500 tons,making a notable contribution to mercury compliance,reduction,and emissions control in China.It also serves as a bridge between mercury-free and low-mercury catalysts.Moreover,this solid ligand technology can assist in the application research of mercury-free catalysts.
基金Research Institute for Smart Energy(CDB2)the grant from the Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing(CD8Z)+4 种基金the grant from the Carbon Neutrality Funding Scheme(WZ2R)at The Hong Kong Polytechnic Universitysupport from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University(CD9B,CDBZ and WZ4Q)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22205187)Shenzhen Municipal Science and Technology Innovation Commission(JCYJ20230807140402006)Start-up Foundation for Introducing Talent of NUIST and Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20230426).
文摘Catalyst–support interaction plays a crucial role in improving the catalytic activity of oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Here we modulate the catalyst–support interaction in polyaniline-supported Ni_(3)Fe oxide(Ni_(3)Fe oxide/PANI)with a robust hetero-interface,which significantly improves oxygen evolution activities with an overpotential of 270 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)and specific activity of 2.08 mA cm_(ECSA)^(-2)at overpotential of 300 mV,3.84-fold that of Ni_(3)Fe oxide.It is revealed that the catalyst–support interaction between Ni_(3)Fe oxide and PANI support enhances the Ni–O covalency via the interfacial Ni–N bond,thus promoting the charge and mass transfer on Ni_(3)Fe oxide.Considering the excellent activity and stability,rechargeable Zn-air batteries with optimum Ni_(3)Fe oxide/PANI are assembled,delivering a low charge voltage of 1.95 V to cycle for 400 h at 10 mA cm^(-2).The regulation of the effect of catalyst–support interaction on catalytic activity provides new possibilities for the future design of highly efficient OER catalysts.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China(No.202002020020)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51878292 and 42002035).
文摘Herein,three supported catalysts,CuO/Al_(2)O_(3),CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3),and CuO-CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3),were synthesized by the convenient impregnation method to reveal the effect of CeO_(2)addition on catalytic performance and reaction mechanism for toluene oxidation.Compared with CuO/Al_(2)O_(3),the T_(50)and T_(90)(the temperatures at 50%and 90%toluene conversion,respectively)of CuO-CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)were reduced by 33 and 39°C,respectively.N_(2)adsorptiondesorption experiment,XRD,SEM,EDS mapping,Raman,EPR,H_(2)-TPR,O_(2)-TPD,XPS,NH_(3)-TPD,Toluene-TPD,and in-situ DRIFTS were conducted to characterize these catalysts.The excellent catalytic performance of CuO-CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)could be attributed to its strong coppercerium interaction and high oxygen vacancies concentration.Moreover,in-situ DRIFTS proved that CuO-CeO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)promoted the conversion of toluene to benzoate and accelerated the deep degradation path of toluene.This work provided valuable insights into the development of efficient and economical catalysts for volatile organic compounds.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)under the Joint Research Program(Nos.NSFC21961142006 and JPJSJRP20191804)+3 种基金NSFC(Nos.U22A20394 and 22375200)the DICP.CAS-Cardiff Joint Research Units(No.121421ZYLH20230008)the International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.028GJHZ2023097GC)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M723086)。
文摘Maintaining high metal dispersion of supported metal catalysts to achieve superior reactivity under harsh conditions poses one of the main challenges for their practical applications.Constructing and regulating the strong metal-support interactions(SMSI)by diverse methodologies has emerged as one of the promising approaches to fabricating robust supported metal catalysts.In this study,we report an L-ascorbic acid(AA)-inducing strategy to generate SMSI on a titania-supported gold(Au)catalyst after high-temperature treatment in an inert atmosphere(600℃,N_(2)).The AA-induced SMSI can efficiently stabilize Au nanoparticles(NPs)and preserve their catalytic performance.The detailed study reveals that the key to realizing this SMSI is the generation of oxygen vacancies within the TiO_(2) support induced by the adsorbed AA,which drives the formation of the Ti Oxpermeable layer onto the Au NPs.The strategy could be extended to TiO_(2)-supported Au catalysts with different crystal phases and platinum group metals,such as Pt,Pd,and Rh.This work offers a promising novel route to design stable and efficient supported noble metal catalysts by constructing SMSI using simple reducing organic adsorbent.
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.8244060)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M730143)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22425601)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB3810801)Beijing Nova Program(No.20240484659)the R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(No.KZ202210005011).
文摘Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)exhausted from industrial processes are the major atmospheric pollutants,which could destroy the ecological environment and make hazards to human health seriously.Catalytic oxidation is regarded as the most competitive strategy for the efficient elimination of low-concentration VOCs.Supported noble metal catalysts are preferred catalysts due to their excellent low-temperature catalytic activity.To further lower the cost of catalysts,single atom catalysts(SAC)have been fabricated and extensively studied for application in VOCs oxidation due to their 100%atom-utilization efficiency and unique catalytic performance.In this review,we comprehensively summarize the recent advances in supported noble metal(e.g.,Pt,Pd,Au,and Ag)catalysts and SAC for VOCs oxidation since 2015.Firstly,this paper focuses on some important influencing factors that affect the activity of supported noble metal catalysts,including particle size,valence state and dispersion of noble metals,properties of the support,metal oxide/ion modification,preparation method,and pretreatment conditions of catalysts.Secondly,we briefly summarize the catalytic performance of SAC for typical VOCs.Finally,we conclude the key influencing factors and provide the prospects and challenges of VOCs oxidation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFE0100800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22076012,52100002,52200035,and 51878047)+4 种基金the Beijing Forestry University Outstanding Young Talent Cultivation Project(No.2019JQ03008)the Yangtze River Joint Research Phase II Program(Nos.2022-LHYJ-02-0510-02,and 2022-LHYJ-02-0502-02-06)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resources and Environment(No.HC202328)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.BLX202153)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M700448).
文摘Catalytic ozonation is an effective wastewater purification process.However,the low ozone mass transfer in packed bubble columns leads to low ozone utilization efficiency(OUE),poor organic degradation performance,and high energy consumption.Therefore,there is an urgent need to develop efficient supported catalysts that can enhancemass transfer and performance.However,the reaction mechanism of the support on ozone mass transfer remains unclear,which hinders the development of catalytic ozonation applications.In this study,lava rocks(LR)-supported catalysts,specifically CuMn_(2)O_(4)@LR and MnO_(2)–Co_(3)O_(4)@LR,were proposed for catalytic ozonation of IBP degradation due to their superior catalytic activity,stability,and high OUE.Addition of CuMn_(2)O_(4)@LR or MnO_(2)–Co_(3)O_(4)@LR increased IBP removal efficiency from 85%to 91%or 88%,and reduced energy consumption from 2.86 to 2.14 kWh/m^(3)or 2.60 kWh/m^(3),respectively.This improvement was attributed to LRsupported catalysts enhancing mass transfer and promoting O3 decomposition to generate•OH and•O_(2)^(−),leading to IBP degradation.Furthermore,this study investigated the effects of ozone dose,supporter sizes,and catalyst components on ozone-liquid mass transfer.The results revealed that the size of the supporter influenced stacked porosity and consequently affected ozone mass transfer.Larger-sized LR(kLa=0.172 min^(−1))exhibited better mass transfer compared to smaller-sized supports.Based on these findings,it was concluded that both CuMn_(2)O_(4)@LR and MnO_(2)–Co_(3)O_(4)@LR are potential catalysts for catalytic ozonation in residual IBP degradation of pharmaceutical wastewater,and LR showed good credibility as a catalyst supporter.Understanding the effects of supporters and active components on ozone mass transfer provides a fundamental principle for designing supported catalysts in catalytic ozonation applications.
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20306,U20A20152)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(B2022202077).
文摘Enhancing the stability of supported noble metal catalysts emerges is a major challenge in both science and industry.Herein,a heterogeneous Pd catalyst(Pd/NCF)was prepared by supporting Pd ultrafine metal nanoparticles(NPs)on nitrogen-doped carbon;synthesized by using F127 as a stabilizer,as well as chitosan as a carbon and nitrogen source.The Pd/NCF catalyst was efficient and recyclable for oxidative carbonylation of phenol to diphenyl carbonate,exhibiting higher stability than Pd/NC prepared without F127 addition.The hydrogen bond between chitosan(CTS)and F127 was enhanced by F127,which anchored the N in the free amino group,increasing the N content of the carbon material and ensuring that the support could provide sufficient N sites for the deposition of Pd NPs.This process helped to improve metal dispersion.The increased metal-support interaction,which limits the leaching and coarsening of Pd NPs,improves the stability of the Pd/NCF catalyst.Furthermore,density functional theory calculations indicated that pyridine N stabilized the Pd^(2+)species,significantly inhibiting the loss of Pd^(2+)in Pd/NCF during the reaction process.This work provides a promising avenue towards enhancing the stability of nitrogen-doped carbon-supported metal catalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Committee of China-Liaoning Provincial People's Government Joint Fund(U1908204)National Natural Science Foundation of China(21876006,21976009,and 21961160743)+2 种基金Foundation on the Creative Research Team Construction Promotion Project of Beijing Municipal Institutions(IDHT20190503)Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(KM201710005004)Development Program for the Youth Outstanding-Notch Talent of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(CIT&TCD201904019)。
文摘Developing the alternative supported noble metal catalysts with low cost,high catalytic efficiency,and good resistance toward carbon dioxide and water vapor is critically demanded for the oxidative removal of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).In this work,we prepared the mesoporous chromia-supported bimetallic Co and Ni single-atom(Co_(1)Ni_(1)/meso-Cr_(2)O_(3))and bimetallic Co and Ni nanoparticle(Co_(NP)Ni_(NP)/mesoCr_(2)O_(3))catalysts adopting the one-pot polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP)-and polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)-protecting approaches,respectively.The results indicate that the Co_(1)Ni_(1)/meso-Cr_(2)O_(3)catalyst exhibited the best catalytic activity for n-hexane(C_(6)H_(14))combustion(T_(50%)and T_(90%)were 239 and 263℃ at a space velocity of 40,000 mL g^(-1)h^(-1);apparent activation energy and specific reaction rate at 260℃ were 54.7 kJ mol^(-1)and 4.3×10^(-7)mol g^(-1)_(cat)s^(-1),respectively),which was associated with its higher(Cr^(5+)+Cr^(6+))amount,large n-hexane adsorption capacity,and good lattice oxygen mobility that could enhance the deep oxidation of n-hexane,in which Ni_(1) was beneficial for the enhancements in surface lattice oxygen mobility and low-temperature reducibility,while Co_(1) preferred to generate higher contents of the high-valence states of chromium and surface oxygen species as well as adsorption and activation of n-hexane.n-Hexane combustion takes place via the Mars van Krevelen(MvK)mechanism,and its reaction pathways are as follows:n-hexane→olefins or 3-hexyl hydroperoxide→3-hexanone,2-hexanone or 2,5-dimethyltetrahydrofuran→2-methyloxirane or 2-ethyl-oxetane→acrylic acid→CO_x→CO_(2)and H_(2)O.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20306,21978066)Hebei Province Fig.7.Reaction mechanism of selective hydrogenation of TDC over Rh-based catalysts.Graduate Innovation Funding Project(CXZZBS2023033).
文摘The selective hydrogenation of dimethyl toluene-2,4-dicarbamate(TDC)to methyl cyclohexyl-2,4-dicarbamate(also called hydrogenated TDC,HTDC)is an essential process for non-phosgene synthesis of methylcyclohexane-2,4-diisocyanate.Herein,we prepared a series of supported Rh-based catalysts by the excessive impregnation method and investigated their catalytic performance for the selective hydrogenation of TDC.The emphasis was put on the influence of support properties on the catalytic performance.Among the prepared catalysts,Rh/g-Al_(2)O_(3)performed the best:a HTDC yield of 88.4%was achieved with a 100%conversion of TDC under the conditions of 100℃,3 MPa and 1 h.Furthermore,Rh/γ-Al_(2)O_(3)could be repetitively used for 4 times without a significant loss of its catalytic activity.TEM,XRD,N_(2)adsorption-desorption,H_(2)-TPR,NH_(3)/CO_(2)-TPD,XPS and ICP characterizations were employed to distinguish the properties of the prepared catalysts and the results were correlated with their catalytic performance.It is indicated that the yield of HTDC shows a positive relevance with the percentage of moderate-to-strong acid sites and the content of Rh^(n+)(n≥3)in the catalysts.High values of the percentage and the content can promote a strong interaction between Rh nanoparticles and the supports,facilitating both the transfer of electrons from Rh to the support and the formation of Rh^(n+)species.This is conducive to activating the benzene ring of TDC and thereby improving the yield of HTDC.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.21978137).
文摘In this study,supported Pd catalysts were prepared and used as heterogeneous catalysts for the activation of peroxymonosulfate(PMS)which successfully degrade bisphenol F(BPF).Among the supported catalysts(i.e.,Pd/SiO_(2),Pd/CeO_(2),Pd/TiO_(2)and Pd/Al2O3),Pd/TiO_(2)exhibited the highest catalytic activity due to the high isoelectric point and high Pd0 content.Pd/TiO_(2)prepared by the deposition method leads to high Pd dispersion,which are the key factors for efficient BPF degradation.The influencing factors were investigated during the reaction process and two possible degradation pathways were proposed.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrate that stronger BPF adsorption and BPF degradation with lower reaction barrier occurs on smaller Pd particles.The catalytic activities are strongly dependent on the structural features of the catalysts.Both experiments and theoretical calculations prove that the reaction is actuated by electron transfer rather than radicals.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863 Program,2015AA034603)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21377008,201077007,20973017)+1 种基金Foundation on the Creative Research Team Construction Promotion Project of Beijing Municipal InstitutionsScientific Research Base Construction-Science and Technology Creation Platform National Materials Research Base Construction~~
文摘Most of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are harmful to the atmosphere and human health. Cata‐lytic combustion is an effective way to eliminate VOCs. The key issue is the availability of high per‐formance catalysts. Many catalysts including transition metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, and sup‐ported noble metals have been developed. Among these catalysts, the porous ones attract much attention. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the synthesis of ordered mesoporous and macroporous transition metal oxides, perovskites, and supported noble metal catalysts and their catalytic oxidation of VOCs. The porous catalysts outperformed their bulk counterparts. This excel‐lent catalytic performance was due to their high surface areas, high concentration of adsorbed oxy‐gen species, low temperature reducibility, strong interaction between noble metal and support and highly dispersed noble metal nanoparticles and unique porous structures. Catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide over typical catalysts was also discussed. We made conclusive remarks and pro‐posed future work for the removal of VOCs.
