BACKGROUND Cladosporium and Corynespora cassiicola(C.cassiicola)infections rarely occur in humans.Mutations in human caspase recruitment domain protein 9(CARD9)are reported to be associated with fungal diseases.Pulmon...BACKGROUND Cladosporium and Corynespora cassiicola(C.cassiicola)infections rarely occur in humans.Mutations in human caspase recruitment domain protein 9(CARD9)are reported to be associated with fungal diseases.Pulmonary Cladosporium infection coexisting with subcutaneous C.cassiicola infection in a patient with a CARD9 mutation has not been reported in the literature.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old male patient was hospitalized for hypertrophic erythema and deep ulcers on the left upper extremity.He was diagnosed with pneumonia caused by Cladosporium,as identified through bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis,and deep dermatophytosis caused by C.cassiicola,as identified through morphological characteristics of the wound secretion culture.He underwent antifungal therapy(voriconazole)and recovered successfully.He carried two mutations in CARD9(chr9:139266425 and chr9:139262240)and was therefore susceptible to fungal infections.CONCLUSION This case study is the first to report the coexistence of pulmonary Cladosporium infection and subcutaneous C.cassiicola infection in a patient with CARD9 mutation.Our findings will be helpful in enriching the phenotypic spectrum of fungal infections underlying CARD9 deficiency.展开更多
Cucumber target spot,a major disease that threatens cucumber production,is caused by Corynespora cassiicola.Cyclobutrifluram,a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor(SDHI)developed by Syngenta,has demonstrated strong...Cucumber target spot,a major disease that threatens cucumber production,is caused by Corynespora cassiicola.Cyclobutrifluram,a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor(SDHI)developed by Syngenta,has demonstrated strong inhibitory activity against various plant pathogenic fungi and nematodes.However,its antifungal spectrum,resistance risk as well as underlying mechanisms of resistance in C.cassiicola remain poorly understood.In this study,cyclobutrifluram exhibited potent inhibitory activity against anamorphic fungi and selected ascomycetes,with the mean sensitivity of C.cassiicola isolates to the fungicide being 0.98±1.26μg/mL.Additionally,five laboratory-derived cyclobutrifluram-resistant mutants showed comparable or lower biological fitness than their respective parental isolates.The resistant mutants and field isolates were also found to possess nine distinct point mutations in the CcSdhB,CcSdhC or CcSdhD genes.Finally,cyclobutrifluram exhibited positive cross-resistance with other SDHIs,with the resistance levels varying depending on the specific mutations present.In conclusion,cyclobutrifluram was found to be effective against anamorphic fungi and selected ascomycetes.C.cassiicola’s risk of resistance development to cyclobutrifluram was assessed as moderate to high and was primarily associated with mutations in CcSdh genes.Highlights The antifungal spectrum of cyclobutrifluram was investigated.C.cassiicola’s risk of resistance development to cyclobutrifluram was classified as moderate to high.Specific point mutations in CcSdh genes conferred resistance to cyclobutrifluram.展开更多
Corynespora cassiicola is the causal agent of Corynespora Leaf Fall(CLF)disease.CLF is one of the most important fungal diseases of rubber trees in Asia and Africa but disease outbreaks have not been reported in South...Corynespora cassiicola is the causal agent of Corynespora Leaf Fall(CLF)disease.CLF is one of the most important fungal diseases of rubber trees in Asia and Africa but disease outbreaks have not been reported in South America.Cassiicolin,a small cysteine-rich glycoprotein secreted by the pathogenic C.cassiicola isolate CCP,was previously identified as a potential disease effector in rubber tree.Recently,the cassiicolin-encoding gene(Cas1)was characterized and shown to be expressed in the early phase of infection.In this study,we investigated whether previously undetected strains of C.cassiicola are present in South American rubber plantations by examining the fungal endophyte population found in asymptomatic rubber tree leaves.Four isolates were identified as C.cassiicola.Genes encoding new forms of the cassiicolin precursor protein(Cas3 and Cas4)were identified from these isolates.Three of four isolates were able to induce symptoms on the cultivar they were isolated from in a detached leaf assay,with different kinetics and intensities.One isolate had the same pathogenicity profile as the pathogenic isolate CCP;the other two isolates developed symptoms late during the course of infection,suggesting saprotrophic capabilities.However,no Cas3 or Cas4 transcripts could be detected upon inoculation with the endophytic isolates,whereas the reference gene Cas1 was expressed upon inoculation with the CCP isolate.This work demonstrated that C.cassiicola is present in South America in an endophytic form and that it may evolve from an endophytic to a saprophytic or even potentially pathogenic life style.展开更多
Corynespora cassiicola is a common plant pathogen responsible for leaf-spotting diseases in the tropical and subtropical areas.C.cassiicola seldom causes human infections.Here we describe a case of subcutaneous phaeoh...Corynespora cassiicola is a common plant pathogen responsible for leaf-spotting diseases in the tropical and subtropical areas.C.cassiicola seldom causes human infections.Here we describe a case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by C.cassiicola in a 76-year-old Chinese man,who presented to our hospital with a purulent discharge and painful sensation on his right leg.Skin biopsy revealed an abscess,and culture confirmed C.cassiicola to be the causative agent.The result was further identified by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region.The patient was successfully treated with systemic voriconazole and wound debridement:the lesion disappeared after 20 days.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Cladosporium and Corynespora cassiicola(C.cassiicola)infections rarely occur in humans.Mutations in human caspase recruitment domain protein 9(CARD9)are reported to be associated with fungal diseases.Pulmonary Cladosporium infection coexisting with subcutaneous C.cassiicola infection in a patient with a CARD9 mutation has not been reported in the literature.CASE SUMMARY A 68-year-old male patient was hospitalized for hypertrophic erythema and deep ulcers on the left upper extremity.He was diagnosed with pneumonia caused by Cladosporium,as identified through bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis,and deep dermatophytosis caused by C.cassiicola,as identified through morphological characteristics of the wound secretion culture.He underwent antifungal therapy(voriconazole)and recovered successfully.He carried two mutations in CARD9(chr9:139266425 and chr9:139262240)and was therefore susceptible to fungal infections.CONCLUSION This case study is the first to report the coexistence of pulmonary Cladosporium infection and subcutaneous C.cassiicola infection in a patient with CARD9 mutation.Our findings will be helpful in enriching the phenotypic spectrum of fungal infections underlying CARD9 deficiency.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant no.2022YFD1400900)National Key R&D Program of China,2022YFD1400900,Qin Peng。
文摘Cucumber target spot,a major disease that threatens cucumber production,is caused by Corynespora cassiicola.Cyclobutrifluram,a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor(SDHI)developed by Syngenta,has demonstrated strong inhibitory activity against various plant pathogenic fungi and nematodes.However,its antifungal spectrum,resistance risk as well as underlying mechanisms of resistance in C.cassiicola remain poorly understood.In this study,cyclobutrifluram exhibited potent inhibitory activity against anamorphic fungi and selected ascomycetes,with the mean sensitivity of C.cassiicola isolates to the fungicide being 0.98±1.26μg/mL.Additionally,five laboratory-derived cyclobutrifluram-resistant mutants showed comparable or lower biological fitness than their respective parental isolates.The resistant mutants and field isolates were also found to possess nine distinct point mutations in the CcSdhB,CcSdhC or CcSdhD genes.Finally,cyclobutrifluram exhibited positive cross-resistance with other SDHIs,with the resistance levels varying depending on the specific mutations present.In conclusion,cyclobutrifluram was found to be effective against anamorphic fungi and selected ascomycetes.C.cassiicola’s risk of resistance development to cyclobutrifluram was assessed as moderate to high and was primarily associated with mutations in CcSdh genes.Highlights The antifungal spectrum of cyclobutrifluram was investigated.C.cassiicola’s risk of resistance development to cyclobutrifluram was classified as moderate to high.Specific point mutations in CcSdh genes conferred resistance to cyclobutrifluram.
文摘Corynespora cassiicola is the causal agent of Corynespora Leaf Fall(CLF)disease.CLF is one of the most important fungal diseases of rubber trees in Asia and Africa but disease outbreaks have not been reported in South America.Cassiicolin,a small cysteine-rich glycoprotein secreted by the pathogenic C.cassiicola isolate CCP,was previously identified as a potential disease effector in rubber tree.Recently,the cassiicolin-encoding gene(Cas1)was characterized and shown to be expressed in the early phase of infection.In this study,we investigated whether previously undetected strains of C.cassiicola are present in South American rubber plantations by examining the fungal endophyte population found in asymptomatic rubber tree leaves.Four isolates were identified as C.cassiicola.Genes encoding new forms of the cassiicolin precursor protein(Cas3 and Cas4)were identified from these isolates.Three of four isolates were able to induce symptoms on the cultivar they were isolated from in a detached leaf assay,with different kinetics and intensities.One isolate had the same pathogenicity profile as the pathogenic isolate CCP;the other two isolates developed symptoms late during the course of infection,suggesting saprotrophic capabilities.However,no Cas3 or Cas4 transcripts could be detected upon inoculation with the endophytic isolates,whereas the reference gene Cas1 was expressed upon inoculation with the CCP isolate.This work demonstrated that C.cassiicola is present in South America in an endophytic form and that it may evolve from an endophytic to a saprophytic or even potentially pathogenic life style.
基金supported by the Youth Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(82002113).
文摘Corynespora cassiicola is a common plant pathogen responsible for leaf-spotting diseases in the tropical and subtropical areas.C.cassiicola seldom causes human infections.Here we describe a case of subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by C.cassiicola in a 76-year-old Chinese man,who presented to our hospital with a purulent discharge and painful sensation on his right leg.Skin biopsy revealed an abscess,and culture confirmed C.cassiicola to be the causative agent.The result was further identified by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region.The patient was successfully treated with systemic voriconazole and wound debridement:the lesion disappeared after 20 days.
