Coal serves not only as a crucial energy resource but also as a significant reservoir of critical metal elements,including Lithium(Li),Gallium(Ga),Germanium(Ge),and rare earth elements(REE).This paper provides a syste...Coal serves not only as a crucial energy resource but also as a significant reservoir of critical metal elements,including Lithium(Li),Gallium(Ga),Germanium(Ge),and rare earth elements(REE).This paper provides a systematic review of the enrichment characteristics,occurrence modes,and comprehensive utilization potential of these critical metals in coal.Globally,the distribution of these metal resources exhibits significant regional heterogeneity.While the concentration in most coals falls below industrial cut-off grades,anomalous enrichment in specific coal basins results in Li,Ga,Ge,and REE concentrations far exceeding global averages,highlighting their considerable potential as unconventional metal deposits.The occurrence modes of these metals are diverse:Li is primarily hosted in mineral phases;Ga exists in inorganic,organic,and complex forms;Ge shows a strong association with organic matter;and REE are mainly present in adsorbed/isomorphic forms within clay minerals,while also displaying organic affinity.Direct extraction of metals from raw coal is often cost-prohibitive;effective recovery is therefore more feasible when integrated with coal processing.Metals are further enriched in solid wastes such as coal gangue,fly ash,and bottom ash,from which recovery is more economically and technically viable.Current comprehensive utilization primarily employs integrated mineral processing-hydrometallurgy approaches.Future research should focus on elucidating the precise occurrence forms of metals in coal and solid wastes,optimizing pre-treatment methods,and selecting effective activators and leachants.Advancing the synergistic extraction and green recovery of multiple associated resources from coal and its by-products is essential for achieving high-value,comprehensive utilization of coal-based resources.展开更多
Magnetic and temperature-responsive luminescent composites based on poly（N-isopropylacrylamide）,magnetic nanoparticles and Na9[EuW10O36] were fabricated. The composites were investigated by IR, UV,XRD, TGA, SEM and ...Magnetic and temperature-responsive luminescent composites based on poly（N-isopropylacrylamide）,magnetic nanoparticles and Na9[EuW10O36] were fabricated. The composites were investigated by IR, UV,XRD, TGA, SEM and TEM. The prepared nanocomposites exhibit good superparamagnetic property and thermo-responsive switchable luminescence properties. The multifunctional nanocomposites can be separated by external magnetic field. Moreover, the nanocomposites exhibit an appreciable temperature response, and the red luminescence of the nanocomposites in solution can be controlled by the temperature stimuli. The hydrogel emits strong redluminescence in solution at 25 ℃,which can be seen by naked eyes. When the external temperature is 40 ℃, the red luminescence almost disappears in solution.It is expected that the multifunctional nanoparticles have potential applications in the field of biomedicine.展开更多
The method of synthesizing ternary solid mixed ligand complexes from 1,10-phenanthroline, 2,2’-bipyridyl is reported. The series of complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra, DSC-TGA a...The method of synthesizing ternary solid mixed ligand complexes from 1,10-phenanthroline, 2,2’-bipyridyl is reported. The series of complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra, DSC-TGA analyses and molar conductivity. The results agree with the general formula LnL<sub>1</sub>L<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>3</sub>·nH<sub>2</sub>O （Ln=La,Pr,Nd,Sm, Eu; Gd, Dy, Er, Tm, L<sub>1</sub>=phen, L<sub>2</sub>=bipy, n= 1,2,3）.展开更多
Nine sub-binary phase diagrams of the RECl<sub>3</sub>-CaCl<sub>2</sub>,RECl<sub>3</sub>-MgCl<sub>2</sub> and CaCl<sub>2</sub>-MgCl<sub>2</sub> s...Nine sub-binary phase diagrams of the RECl<sub>3</sub>-CaCl<sub>2</sub>,RECl<sub>3</sub>-MgCl<sub>2</sub> and CaCl<sub>2</sub>-MgCl<sub>2</sub> systems,andthermodynamic data for these systems are critically assessed and optimized.Using Hillert model and takingMgCl<sub>2</sub> as an asymmetric component,the ternary phase diagrams or the RECl<sub>3</sub>-CaCl<sub>2</sub>-MgCl<sub>2</sub> systems are predtcted.As well,the determination of asymmetric component in the asymmetric model is investigated.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Support Project of Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U24A2095).
文摘Coal serves not only as a crucial energy resource but also as a significant reservoir of critical metal elements,including Lithium(Li),Gallium(Ga),Germanium(Ge),and rare earth elements(REE).This paper provides a systematic review of the enrichment characteristics,occurrence modes,and comprehensive utilization potential of these critical metals in coal.Globally,the distribution of these metal resources exhibits significant regional heterogeneity.While the concentration in most coals falls below industrial cut-off grades,anomalous enrichment in specific coal basins results in Li,Ga,Ge,and REE concentrations far exceeding global averages,highlighting their considerable potential as unconventional metal deposits.The occurrence modes of these metals are diverse:Li is primarily hosted in mineral phases;Ga exists in inorganic,organic,and complex forms;Ge shows a strong association with organic matter;and REE are mainly present in adsorbed/isomorphic forms within clay minerals,while also displaying organic affinity.Direct extraction of metals from raw coal is often cost-prohibitive;effective recovery is therefore more feasible when integrated with coal processing.Metals are further enriched in solid wastes such as coal gangue,fly ash,and bottom ash,from which recovery is more economically and technically viable.Current comprehensive utilization primarily employs integrated mineral processing-hydrometallurgy approaches.Future research should focus on elucidating the precise occurrence forms of metals in coal and solid wastes,optimizing pre-treatment methods,and selecting effective activators and leachants.Advancing the synergistic extraction and green recovery of multiple associated resources from coal and its by-products is essential for achieving high-value,comprehensive utilization of coal-based resources.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21571074)Self-Determined Research Fund of CCNU from the Colleges' Basic Research and Operation of MOE(CCNU15A02016)111 Project B17019
文摘Magnetic and temperature-responsive luminescent composites based on poly（N-isopropylacrylamide）,magnetic nanoparticles and Na9[EuW10O36] were fabricated. The composites were investigated by IR, UV,XRD, TGA, SEM and TEM. The prepared nanocomposites exhibit good superparamagnetic property and thermo-responsive switchable luminescence properties. The multifunctional nanocomposites can be separated by external magnetic field. Moreover, the nanocomposites exhibit an appreciable temperature response, and the red luminescence of the nanocomposites in solution can be controlled by the temperature stimuli. The hydrogel emits strong redluminescence in solution at 25 ℃,which can be seen by naked eyes. When the external temperature is 40 ℃, the red luminescence almost disappears in solution.It is expected that the multifunctional nanoparticles have potential applications in the field of biomedicine.
文摘The method of synthesizing ternary solid mixed ligand complexes from 1,10-phenanthroline, 2,2’-bipyridyl is reported. The series of complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra, DSC-TGA analyses and molar conductivity. The results agree with the general formula LnL<sub>1</sub>L<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>3</sub>·nH<sub>2</sub>O （Ln=La,Pr,Nd,Sm, Eu; Gd, Dy, Er, Tm, L<sub>1</sub>=phen, L<sub>2</sub>=bipy, n= 1,2,3）.
基金①Project Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,manuserip received December 16,1992②Peking University
文摘Nine sub-binary phase diagrams of the RECl<sub>3</sub>-CaCl<sub>2</sub>,RECl<sub>3</sub>-MgCl<sub>2</sub> and CaCl<sub>2</sub>-MgCl<sub>2</sub> systems,andthermodynamic data for these systems are critically assessed and optimized.Using Hillert model and takingMgCl<sub>2</sub> as an asymmetric component,the ternary phase diagrams or the RECl<sub>3</sub>-CaCl<sub>2</sub>-MgCl<sub>2</sub> systems are predtcted.As well,the determination of asymmetric component in the asymmetric model is investigated.
