分数阶微分(fractional order derivative,FOD)是重要的数学分支,它将经典的整数阶扩展到任意阶,可进一步捕捉到光谱的细节特征。该文基于高光谱影像和野外土壤样本铬(Cr)元素含量建立土壤重金属高光谱反演模型,首先,根据野外样本坐标...分数阶微分(fractional order derivative,FOD)是重要的数学分支,它将经典的整数阶扩展到任意阶,可进一步捕捉到光谱的细节特征。该文基于高光谱影像和野外土壤样本铬(Cr)元素含量建立土壤重金属高光谱反演模型,首先,根据野外样本坐标信息提取像元光谱,同时按照欧式距离最短原则提取邻近像元光谱扩充样本数量;其次,对扩充后样本进行Savitzky-Golay(SG)滤波、多元散射校正处理,在此基础上进行FOD光谱变换,采用竞争自适应重加权采样算法(competitive adaptive reweighted sampling,CARS)筛选特征波段组合;最后,根据筛选的特征组合,建立偏最小二乘回归(partial least squares regression,PLSR)模型,并进行精度评价。结果发现,扩充样本可有效缓解反演模型的“过拟合”现象,提升模型的精度和稳定性;当FOD的阶数为1.8时,PLSR反演模型的训练集和测试集精度最高,模型适应性、稳定性最强,训练集R^(2)为0.8962、相对分析误差为3.1044,测试集R^(2)为0.7556、相对分析误差为2.0226,均方根误差均最小,分别为16.331 mg/kg和17.094 mg/kg,模型为能够近似预测级别。该文基于国产高光谱ZY-102E数据建立硫铁矿区Cr元素含量反演模型,可在一定程度上促进国产高光谱数据土壤重金属含量反演研究,为硫铁矿区土壤重金属污染防治提供技术支撑。展开更多
A recently published study(Xin et al.,Prog Biochem Biophys,2026,53(2):431-441.DOI:10.3724/j.pibb.2025.0508)addresses the therapeutic challenges of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)by innovatively developing an or...A recently published study(Xin et al.,Prog Biochem Biophys,2026,53(2):431-441.DOI:10.3724/j.pibb.2025.0508)addresses the therapeutic challenges of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)by innovatively developing an orally administered nanogene delivery system.Designed to achieve in situ,efficient delivery of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)genes to tumor sites,this approach offers a novel strategy for CAR-macrophage(CAR-M)based immunotherapy.Its key highlights are as follows.展开更多
Semantic segmentation for mixed scenes of aerial remote sensing and road traffic is one of the key technologies for visual perception of flying cars.The State-of-the-Art(SOTA)semantic segmentation methods have made re...Semantic segmentation for mixed scenes of aerial remote sensing and road traffic is one of the key technologies for visual perception of flying cars.The State-of-the-Art(SOTA)semantic segmentation methods have made remarkable achievements in both fine-grained segmentation and real-time performance.However,when faced with the huge differences in scale and semantic categories brought about by the mixed scenes of aerial remote sensing and road traffic,they still face great challenges and there is little related research.Addressing the above issue,this paper proposes a semantic segmentation model specifically for mixed datasets of aerial remote sensing and road traffic scenes.First,a novel decoding-recoding multi-scale feature iterative refinement structure is proposed,which utilizes the re-integration and continuous enhancement of multi-scale information to effectively deal with the huge scale differences between cross-domain scenes,while using a fully convolutional structure to ensure the lightweight and real-time requirements.Second,a welldesigned cross-window attention mechanism combined with a global information integration decoding block forms an enhanced global context perception,which can effectively capture the long-range dependencies and multi-scale global context information of different scenes,thereby achieving fine-grained semantic segmentation.The proposed method is tested on a large-scale mixed dataset of aerial remote sensing and road traffic scenes.The results confirm that it can effectively deal with the problem of large-scale differences in cross-domain scenes.Its segmentation accuracy surpasses that of the SOTA methods,which meets the real-time requirements.展开更多
据Zuo Y 2026年2月9日[Cancer Cell,2026,44(2):366-382.e10.]报道,罗斯威尔公园综合癌症中心的一项实验室研究阐述了一种新方法,能够提升嵌合抗原受体(CAR)T细胞疗法在实体瘤中的疗效,从而实现肿瘤的根除。研究人员利用小细胞肺癌的临...据Zuo Y 2026年2月9日[Cancer Cell,2026,44(2):366-382.e10.]报道,罗斯威尔公园综合癌症中心的一项实验室研究阐述了一种新方法,能够提升嵌合抗原受体(CAR)T细胞疗法在实体瘤中的疗效,从而实现肿瘤的根除。研究人员利用小细胞肺癌的临床前模型,评估了一种旨在靶向白细胞介素36γ(IL-36γ)的CAR T细胞的有效性。展开更多
Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma(DIPG)is a pediatric brainstem tumor with a very poor prognosis,characterized by immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)that limits immune infiltration,including a significant red...Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma(DIPG)is a pediatric brainstem tumor with a very poor prognosis,characterized by immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)that limits immune infiltration,including a significant reduction in circulating natural killer(NK)cells.This drop in NK cell levels and activity may promote tumor growth and immune evasion,making NK cells a promising target for immunotherapy.NK cells can attack and eliminate DIPG tumor cells,including glioma stem cells,while counteracting certain immune evasion strategies.Although theDIPGmicroenvironment and blood-brain barrier present challenges,NKcell-based therapies have shown encouraging tumor control and survival benefits in animal models with promising safety results.Current clinical trials for DIPG mostly focus on chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cells targeting disialoganglioside(GD2)and cluster of differentiation 276(CD276 or B7-H3)antigens with early signs of success,while NK cell therapies,such as CAR-NK cells,are still in preclinical or early stages,requiring further development.The tumor’s immunosuppressive nature poses challenges that may need combination strategies or immune priming.Despite these obstacles,NK cell-based immunotherapy is an exciting and growing field.Upcoming clinical trials emphasize the potential for NK cell therapies to play a critical role in treating this aggressive pediatric brain cancer.展开更多
腺病毒(Adenovirus,Ad)是一类无包膜的双链DNA病毒,能广泛感染脊椎动物,导致从轻症到严重的感染。腺病毒通过其纤突蛋白与宿主细胞表面受体结合,柯萨奇-腺病毒受体(Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor,CAR)是主要的介导者。CAR是...腺病毒(Adenovirus,Ad)是一类无包膜的双链DNA病毒,能广泛感染脊椎动物,导致从轻症到严重的感染。腺病毒通过其纤突蛋白与宿主细胞表面受体结合,柯萨奇-腺病毒受体(Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor,CAR)是主要的介导者。CAR是一种高度保守的跨膜蛋白,在多种脊椎动物中发挥关键作用。文章聚焦于CAR的生物学功能和结构特征,探讨其在腺病毒感染机制中的核心作用;重点分析了CAR与人腺病毒、禽腺病毒及其他物种腺病毒的相互作用及功能差异,揭示腺病毒与宿主受体结合的多样性和复杂性。此外,文章讨论了CAR在基因治疗中的应用前景,特别是利用CAR介导的腺病毒载体递送抗癌基因和免疫调节基因的研究进展。同时,调控CAR表达水平及阻断其与病毒结合的策略被认为是优化腺病毒治疗的重要方向。文章通过总结现有研究成果,深化了对腺病毒感染机制的认识,并为基因治疗及相关疾病的治疗策略提供了重要的理论依据和实践参考。展开更多
文摘A recently published study(Xin et al.,Prog Biochem Biophys,2026,53(2):431-441.DOI:10.3724/j.pibb.2025.0508)addresses the therapeutic challenges of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)by innovatively developing an orally administered nanogene delivery system.Designed to achieve in situ,efficient delivery of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)genes to tumor sites,this approach offers a novel strategy for CAR-macrophage(CAR-M)based immunotherapy.Its key highlights are as follows.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development of China(No.2022YFB2503400).
文摘Semantic segmentation for mixed scenes of aerial remote sensing and road traffic is one of the key technologies for visual perception of flying cars.The State-of-the-Art(SOTA)semantic segmentation methods have made remarkable achievements in both fine-grained segmentation and real-time performance.However,when faced with the huge differences in scale and semantic categories brought about by the mixed scenes of aerial remote sensing and road traffic,they still face great challenges and there is little related research.Addressing the above issue,this paper proposes a semantic segmentation model specifically for mixed datasets of aerial remote sensing and road traffic scenes.First,a novel decoding-recoding multi-scale feature iterative refinement structure is proposed,which utilizes the re-integration and continuous enhancement of multi-scale information to effectively deal with the huge scale differences between cross-domain scenes,while using a fully convolutional structure to ensure the lightweight and real-time requirements.Second,a welldesigned cross-window attention mechanism combined with a global information integration decoding block forms an enhanced global context perception,which can effectively capture the long-range dependencies and multi-scale global context information of different scenes,thereby achieving fine-grained semantic segmentation.The proposed method is tested on a large-scale mixed dataset of aerial remote sensing and road traffic scenes.The results confirm that it can effectively deal with the problem of large-scale differences in cross-domain scenes.Its segmentation accuracy surpasses that of the SOTA methods,which meets the real-time requirements.
文摘据Zuo Y 2026年2月9日[Cancer Cell,2026,44(2):366-382.e10.]报道,罗斯威尔公园综合癌症中心的一项实验室研究阐述了一种新方法,能够提升嵌合抗原受体(CAR)T细胞疗法在实体瘤中的疗效,从而实现肿瘤的根除。研究人员利用小细胞肺癌的临床前模型,评估了一种旨在靶向白细胞介素36γ(IL-36γ)的CAR T细胞的有效性。
文摘Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma(DIPG)is a pediatric brainstem tumor with a very poor prognosis,characterized by immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment(TME)that limits immune infiltration,including a significant reduction in circulating natural killer(NK)cells.This drop in NK cell levels and activity may promote tumor growth and immune evasion,making NK cells a promising target for immunotherapy.NK cells can attack and eliminate DIPG tumor cells,including glioma stem cells,while counteracting certain immune evasion strategies.Although theDIPGmicroenvironment and blood-brain barrier present challenges,NKcell-based therapies have shown encouraging tumor control and survival benefits in animal models with promising safety results.Current clinical trials for DIPG mostly focus on chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)-T cells targeting disialoganglioside(GD2)and cluster of differentiation 276(CD276 or B7-H3)antigens with early signs of success,while NK cell therapies,such as CAR-NK cells,are still in preclinical or early stages,requiring further development.The tumor’s immunosuppressive nature poses challenges that may need combination strategies or immune priming.Despite these obstacles,NK cell-based immunotherapy is an exciting and growing field.Upcoming clinical trials emphasize the potential for NK cell therapies to play a critical role in treating this aggressive pediatric brain cancer.
文摘腺病毒(Adenovirus,Ad)是一类无包膜的双链DNA病毒,能广泛感染脊椎动物,导致从轻症到严重的感染。腺病毒通过其纤突蛋白与宿主细胞表面受体结合,柯萨奇-腺病毒受体(Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor,CAR)是主要的介导者。CAR是一种高度保守的跨膜蛋白,在多种脊椎动物中发挥关键作用。文章聚焦于CAR的生物学功能和结构特征,探讨其在腺病毒感染机制中的核心作用;重点分析了CAR与人腺病毒、禽腺病毒及其他物种腺病毒的相互作用及功能差异,揭示腺病毒与宿主受体结合的多样性和复杂性。此外,文章讨论了CAR在基因治疗中的应用前景,特别是利用CAR介导的腺病毒载体递送抗癌基因和免疫调节基因的研究进展。同时,调控CAR表达水平及阻断其与病毒结合的策略被认为是优化腺病毒治疗的重要方向。文章通过总结现有研究成果,深化了对腺病毒感染机制的认识,并为基因治疗及相关疾病的治疗策略提供了重要的理论依据和实践参考。
