Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)are one of the most prospective energy storage devices recently.Carbon materials have been commonly used as anode materials for SIBs because of their wide sources and low price.However,pure c...Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)are one of the most prospective energy storage devices recently.Carbon materials have been commonly used as anode materials for SIBs because of their wide sources and low price.However,pure carbon materials still have the disadvantage of low theoretical capacity.New design and preparation strategies for carbon-based composites can overcome the problems.Based on the analysis of Na^(+)storage mechanism of carbon-based composite materials,the factors influencing the performance of SIBs are discussed.Adjustment methods for improving the electrochemical performance of electrodes are evaluated in detail,including carbon skeleton design and composite material selection.Some advanced composite materials,i.e.,carbon-conversion composite and carbon-MXene composite,are also being explored.New advances in flexible electrodes based on carbon-based composite on flexible SIBs is investigated.The existing issues and future issues of carbon-based composite materials are discussed.展开更多
Latent heat thermal energy storage(TES)effectively reduces the mismatch between energy supply and demand of renewable energy sources by the utilization of phase change materials(PCMs).However,the low thermal conductiv...Latent heat thermal energy storage(TES)effectively reduces the mismatch between energy supply and demand of renewable energy sources by the utilization of phase change materials(PCMs).However,the low thermal conductivity and poor shape stability are the main drawbacks in realizing the large-scale application of PCMs.Promisingly,developing composite PCM(CPCM)based on porous supporting mate-rial provides a desirable solution to obtain performance-enhanced PCMs with improved effective thermal conductivity and shape stability.Among all the porous matrixes as supports for PCM,three-dimensional carbon-based porous supporting material has attracted considerable attention ascribing to its high ther-mal conductivity,desirable loading capacity of PCMs,and excellent chemical compatibility with various PCMs.Therefore,this work systemically reviews the CPCMs with three-dimensional carbon-based porous supporting materials.First,a concise rule for the fabrication of CPCMs is illustrated in detail.Next,the experimental and computational research of carbon nanotube-based support,graphene-based support,graphite-based support and amorphous carbon-based support are reviewed.Then,the applications of the shape-stabilized CPCMs including thermal management and thermal conversion are illustrated.Last but not least,the challenges and prospects of the CPCMs are discussed.To conclude,introducing carbon-based porous materials can solve the liquid leakage issue and essentially improve the thermal conductivity of PCMs.However,there is still a long way to further develop a desirable CPCM with higher latent heat capacity,higher thermal conductivity,and more excellent shape stability.展开更多
The synthetic routes of porous carbons and the applications of the functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials for lithium secondary batteries are reviewed. The synthetic methods have made great break...The synthetic routes of porous carbons and the applications of the functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials for lithium secondary batteries are reviewed. The synthetic methods have made great breakthroughs to control the pore size and volume, wall thickness, surface area, and connectivity of porous carbons, which result in the development of functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials. The effects of porous carbons on the electrochemical properties are further discussed. The porous carbons as ideal matrixes to incorporate active materials make a great improvement on the electrochemical properties because of high surface area and pore volume, excellent electronic conductivity, and strong adsorption capacity. Large numbers of the composite electrode materials have been used for the devices of electrochemical energy conversion and storage, such as lithium-ion batteries （LIBs）, Li-S batteries, and Li-O2 batteries. It is believed that functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials will continuously contribute to the field of lithium secondary batteries.展开更多
Supercapacitors are gaining popularity due to their high cycling stability,power density,and fast charge and discharge rates.Researchers are ex-ploring electrode materials,electrolytes,and separat-ors for cost-effecti...Supercapacitors are gaining popularity due to their high cycling stability,power density,and fast charge and discharge rates.Researchers are ex-ploring electrode materials,electrolytes,and separat-ors for cost-effective energy storage systems.Ad-vances in materials science have led to the develop-ment of hybrid nanomaterials,such as combining fil-amentous carbon forms with inorganic nanoparticles,to create new charge and energy transfer processes.Notable materials for electrochemical energy-stor-age applications include MXenes,2D transition met-al carbides,and nitrides,carbon black,carbon aerogels,activated carbon,carbon nanotubes,conducting polymers,carbon fibers,and nanofibers,and graphene,because of their thermal,electrical,and mechanical properties.Carbon materials mixed with conducting polymers,ceramics,metal oxides,transition metal oxides,metal hydroxides,transition metal sulfides,trans-ition metal dichalcogenide,metal sulfides,carbides,nitrides,and biomass materials have received widespread attention due to their remarkable performance,eco-friendliness,cost-effectiveness,and renewability.This article explores the development of carbon-based hybrid materials for future supercapacitors,including electric double-layer capacitors,pseudocapacitors,and hy-brid supercapacitors.It investigates the difficulties that influence structural design,manufacturing(electrospinning,hydro-thermal/solvothermal,template-assisted synthesis,electrodeposition,electrospray,3D printing)techniques and the latest car-bon-based hybrid materials research offer practical solutions for producing high-performance,next-generation supercapacitors.展开更多
With the rapid development of electric vehicles,hybrid electric vehicles and smart grids,people's demand for large-scale energy storage devices is increasingly intense.As a new type of secondary battery,potassium ...With the rapid development of electric vehicles,hybrid electric vehicles and smart grids,people's demand for large-scale energy storage devices is increasingly intense.As a new type of secondary battery,potassium ion battery is promising to replace the lithium-ion battery in the field of large-scale energy storage by virtue of its low price and environmental friendliness.At present,the research on the anode materials of potassium ion batteries mainly focuses on carbon materials and the design of various nanostructured metal-based materials.Problems such as poor rate performance and inferior cycle life caused by electrode structure comminution during charge and discharge have not been solved.Quantum dots/nanodots materials are a new type of nanomaterials that can effectively improve the utilization of electrode materials and reduce production costs.In addition,quantum dots/nanodots materials can enhance the electrode reaction kinetics,reduce the stress generated in cycling,and effectively alleviate the agglomeration and crushing of electrode materials.In this review,we will systematically introduce the synthesis methods,K+storage properties and K+storage mechanisms of carbon quantum dots and carbon-based transition metal compound quantum dots composites.This review will have significant references for potassium ion battery researchers.展开更多
Composites made from biopolymers and natural fibers are gaining popularity as alternative sustainable structural materials.Biopolyesters including polylactic acid(PLA),polybutylene succinate(PBS),and polyhydroxyalkano...Composites made from biopolymers and natural fibers are gaining popularity as alternative sustainable structural materials.Biopolyesters including polylactic acid(PLA),polybutylene succinate(PBS),and polyhydroxyalkanoate(PHA),when mixed with natural fibers such as kenaf,hemp,and jute,provide an environmentally acceptable alternative to traditional fossil-based materials.This article examines current research on developments in the integration of biopolymers with natural fibers,with a focus on enhancing mechanical,thermal,and sustainability.Innovative approaches to surface treatment of natural fibers,such as biological and chemical treatments,have demonstrated enhanced adhesion with biopolymer matrices,increasing attributes such as tensile strength and rigidity.Furthermore,nano filling technologies such as nanocellulose and nanoparticles have improved the attributes of multifunctional composites,including heat conductivity and moisture resistance.According to performance analysis,biopolymernatural fiber-based composites may compete with synthetic composites in construction applications,particularly in lightweight buildings and automobiles.However,significant issues such as degradation in humid settings and longtermendurancemust be solved.To support a circular economy,solutions involve the development ofmoisture-resistant polymers and composite recycling technology.This article examines current advancements and identifies problems and opportunities to provide insight into the future direction of more inventive and sustainable biocomposites,and also the dangers they pose to green technology and industrial materials.These findings are significant in terms of the development of building materials which are not only competitive but also contribute to global sustainability.展开更多
In this manuscript,we propose an analytical equivalent linear viscoelastic constitutive model for fiber-reinforced composites,bypassing general computational homogenization.The method is based on the reduced-order hom...In this manuscript,we propose an analytical equivalent linear viscoelastic constitutive model for fiber-reinforced composites,bypassing general computational homogenization.The method is based on the reduced-order homogenization(ROH)approach.The ROH method typically involves solving multiple finite element problems under periodic conditions to evaluate elastic strain and eigenstrain influence functions in an‘off-line’stage,which offers substantial cost savings compared to direct computational homogenization methods.Due to the unique structure of the fibrous unit cell,“off-line”stage calculation can be eliminated by influence functions obtained analytically.Introducing the standard solid model to the ROH method enables the creation of a comprehensive analytical homogeneous viscoelastic constitutive model.This method treats fibrous composite materials as homogeneous,anisotropic viscoelastic materials,significantly reducing computational time due to its analytical nature.This approach also enables precise determination of a homogenized anisotropic relaxation modulus and accurate capture of various viscoelastic responses under different loading conditions.Three sets of numerical examples,including unit cell tests,three-point beam bending tests,and torsion tests,are given to demonstrate the predictive performance of the homogenized viscoelastic model.Furthermore,the model is validated against experimental measurements,confirming its accuracy and reliability.展开更多
In order to adjust some properties of cement grout or concrete,some mineral admixtures are usually added in the preparation.Admixtures can reduce the cement consumption and save the cost,and also adjust the workabilit...In order to adjust some properties of cement grout or concrete,some mineral admixtures are usually added in the preparation.Admixtures can reduce the cement consumption and save the cost,and also adjust the workability of the material,improve the strength and durability of the cement stone,or reduce hydration heat of the composite cement.At present,the content of fly ash or slag is generally less than 50%among the composite cementitious materials that have been studied more,but there is little research on composite cementitious materials with large mineral admixture.In this paper,XRD,SEM,and adiabatic temperature rise tests were used to discuss hydration products and mechanism of composite cement grout with 90%content of fly ash and slag.The results show that the hydration of the composite cement grout is an alkali-activated hydration reaction,and the hydration products are mainly amorphous substances such as hydrated calcium silicate or hydrated calcium aluminate gel.The hydration reaction temperature rise is much lower than that of ordinary cement grout,and the time of the temperature peak is significantly delayed.展开更多
With the rapid development of industry,the environmental problems caused by heavy metal arsenic and antimony are becoming increasingly serious.Therefore,it is urgent to solve the problem of arsenic and antimony pollut...With the rapid development of industry,the environmental problems caused by heavy metal arsenic and antimony are becoming increasingly serious.Therefore,it is urgent to solve the problem of arsenic and antimony pollution in the water environment.Renewable carbon-based materials,as a kind of adsorbent widely used in wastewater treatment,have been the focus of scholars’research for many years.In this review,the preparation methods,characteristics,and applications of renewable carbon-based materials(biochar,activated carbon,carbon nanotubes,and graphene)for the removal of arsenic and antimony are described in detail.Based on adsorption kinetics,isothermal adsorption,temperature,pH,and coexisting ions,we discuss the process of adsorption of arsenic and antimony by renewable carbon-based materials,explore the mechanism of adsorption of anions in water by renewable carbon-basedmaterials,and comparatively analyze the differences in adsorption performance of arsenic and antimony by different renewable carbon-based materials.Compared with biochar,activated carbon,carbon nanotube,and graphene renewable materials loaded with iron-manganese oxides have better removal effects on arsenic and antimony wastewater.Extensive research data shows that biochar,as a renewable material,is recommended,followed by activated carbon.Both are recommended because of their excellent adsorption properties and low production costs.Finally,the prospects and challenges of the application of renewable carbon-based materials in wastewater treatment are discussed,and the directions and development trends of future research are pointed out,which provide references and insights for further promoting the application of renewable carbon-based materials in wastewater treatment.展开更多
Untreated water environments encourage the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms,which pose a significant risk to human health and sustainable development.Antimicrobial technologies in advanced photothermal materials...Untreated water environments encourage the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms,which pose a significant risk to human health and sustainable development.Antimicrobial technologies in advanced photothermal materials offer a promising alternative strategy for solving water disinfection challenges.This technology effectively destroys bacterial biofilms by designing materials with controlled photothermal properties.Despite the potential of this technology,there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on the application of photothermal materials in water disinfection.The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the research and application of photothermal materials in water disinfection.It focuses on composites in photothermal materials,elucidates their basic mechanisms and sterilization properties,and provides a systematic and detailed overview of their recent progress in the field.The goal of this review is to offer insights into the future design of photothermal materials and to propose strategies for their practical application in disinfection processes.展开更多
Microbial chain elongation(CE),utilizing anaerobic fermentation for the synthesis of high-value medium chain fatty acids(MCFAs),merges as a promising strategy in resource sustainability.Recently,it has pivoted that th...Microbial chain elongation(CE),utilizing anaerobic fermentation for the synthesis of high-value medium chain fatty acids(MCFAs),merges as a promising strategy in resource sustainability.Recently,it has pivoted that the use of different types of additives or accelerantstowards enhancing the products yield and fermentation quality has got much attention,with carbon-based materials emerging as vital facilitators.Based on bibliometrics insights,this paper firstly commences with a comprehensive review of the past two decades’progress in applying carbon-based materials within anaerobic fermentation contexts.Subsequently,the recent advancements made by different research groups in order to enhance the performance of CE systemperformance are reviewed,with particular focus on the application,impact,and underlying mechanisms of carbon-based materials in expediting MCFAs biosynthesis via CE.Finally,the future research direction is prospected,aiming to inform innovative material design and sophisticated technological applications,as well as provide a reference for improving the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation of MCFAs using carbon-based material,thereby contributing to the broader discourse on enhancing sustainability and efficiency in bio-based processes.展开更多
Carbon-based materials have been widely applied for pollutant removal relying on their rich pore structure,functional groups,chemical stability,and expandability.However,the traditional manufacturing process of carbon...Carbon-based materials have been widely applied for pollutant removal relying on their rich pore structure,functional groups,chemical stability,and expandability.However,the traditional manufacturing process of carbon materials based on organic compounds pyrolysis is high energy-consuming and high-emission,which is not conducive to addressing the climate crisis and achieving the goal of carbon neutrality.Molten salt electrolysis technology enables the direct capture and reduction of CO_(2)to produce solid carbon,resulting in significant environmental benefits while achieving carbon emissions reduction.The molten salt also has a purification function,enabling the production of high-purity carbon materials.The kinetics of the electrochemical reduction process can be easily controlled,and the co-reduction of multiple elements provides convenience for the in-situ optimization of carbon material structure and the expansion of its applications.Therefore,this review focuses on the thermodynamics&kinetics processes of molten salt capture and electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)to prepare carbon materials.It further reviews the recent research progress on the preparation of carbon materials for pollutant removal based on molten salt electrochemical processes for the first time.Finally,we analyze the advantages and challenges of the current molten salt electrochemical processes and offers prospects for future research directions.展开更多
Flexible electronic skin(E-skin)sensors offer innovative solutions for detecting human body signals,enabling human-machine interactions and advancing the development of intelligent robotics.Electrospun nanofibers are ...Flexible electronic skin(E-skin)sensors offer innovative solutions for detecting human body signals,enabling human-machine interactions and advancing the development of intelligent robotics.Electrospun nanofibers are particularly wellsuited for E-skin applications due to their exceptional mechanical properties,tunable breathability,and lightweight nature.Nanofiber-based composite materials consist of three-dimensional structures that integrate one-dimensional polymer nanofibers with other functional materials,enabling efficient signal conversion and positioning them as an ideal platform for next-generation intelligent electronics.Here,this review begins with an overview of electrospinning technology,including far-field electrospinning,near-field electrospinning,and melt electrospinning.It also discusses the diverse morphologies of electrospun nanofibers,such as core-shell,porous,hollow,bead,Janus,and ribbon structure,as well as strategies for incorporating functional materials to enhance nanofiber performance.Following this,the article provides a detailed introduction to electrospun nanofiber-based composite materials(i.e.,nanofiber/hydrogel,nanofiber/aerogel,nanofiber/metal),emphasizing their recent advancements in monitoring physical,physiological,body fluid,and multi-signal in human signal detection.Meanwhile,the review explores the development of multimodal sensors capable of responding to diverse stimuli,focusing on innovative strategies for decoupling multiple signals and their state-of-the-art advancements.Finally,current challenges are analyzed,while future prospects for electrospun nanofiber-based composite sensors are outlined.This review aims to advance the design and application of next-generation flexible electronics,fostering breakthroughs in multifunctional sensing and health monitoring technologies.展开更多
Thermal runaway(TR)is considered a significant safety hazard for lithium batteries,and thermal protection materials are crucial in mitigating this risk.However,current thermal protection materials generally suffer fro...Thermal runaway(TR)is considered a significant safety hazard for lithium batteries,and thermal protection materials are crucial in mitigating this risk.However,current thermal protection materials generally suffer from poor mechanical properties,flammability,leakage,and rigid crystallization,and they struggle to continuously block excess heat transfer and propagation once thermal saturation occurs.This study proposes a novel type of thermal protection material:an aerogel coupled composite phase change material(CPCM).The composite material consists of gelatin/sodium alginate(Ge/SA)composite biomass aerogel as an insulating component and a thermally induced flexible CPCM made from thermoplastic polyester elastomer as a heat-absorbing component.Inspired by power bank,we coupled the aerogel with CPCM through the binder,so that CPCM can continue to‘charge and store energy’for the aerogel,effectively absorbing heat,delaying the heat saturation phenomenon,and maximizing the duration of thermal insulation.The results demonstrate that the Ge/SA aerogel exhibits excellent thermal insulation(with a temperature difference of approximately 120℃ across a 1 cm thickness)and flame retardancy(achieving a V-0 flame retardant rating).The CPCM exhibits high heat storage density(811.9 J g^(−1)),good thermally induced flexibility(bendable above 40℃),and thermal stability.Furthermore,the Ge/SA-CPCM coupled composite material shows even more outstanding thermal insulation performance,with the top surface temperature remaining at 89℃ after 100 min of exposure to a high temperature of 230℃.This study provides a new direction for the development of TR protection materials for lithium batteries.展开更多
This paper reviews the research status and development trends of lattice-foam composite structural materials.It introduces the characteristics and applications of lattice metallic materials and metallic foam materials...This paper reviews the research status and development trends of lattice-foam composite structural materials.It introduces the characteristics and applications of lattice metallic materials and metallic foam materials among ultra-light porous materials,and points out their respective shortcomings.Subsequently,it elaborates on the research progress of lattice-foam composite structural materials at home and abroad,including the research achievements of research teams such as Xi’an Jiaotong University and the University of Virginia in the United States.Then,the key technologies in the preparation process of lattice-foam composite structural materials are discussed in detail,such as the rapid prototyping technology for special-shaped parts of porous materials,the friction stir welding technology for metallic foams,and the large-area joining and composite technology between the core and face sheets of composite structures.Finally,the research on lattice-foam composite structural materials is summarized and prospected.展开更多
In integrated circuit packaging,thermal interface materials(TIMs)must exhibit high thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity to prevent short circuits,enhance reliability,and ensure safety in high-voltage applic...In integrated circuit packaging,thermal interface materials(TIMs)must exhibit high thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity to prevent short circuits,enhance reliability,and ensure safety in high-voltage applications.We proposed the thermal-percolation electrical-resistive TIM incorporating binary fillers of both insulating and metallic nanowires with an orientation in the insulating polymer matrix.High thermal conductivity can be achieved through thermal percolation,while electrical non-conductivity is preserved by carefully controlling the electrical percolation threshold through metallic nanowire orientation.The electrical conductivity of the composite can be further regulated by adjusting the orientation and aspect ratio of the metallic fillers.A thermal conductivity of 10 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)is achieved,with electrical non-conductive behavior preserved.This approach offers a pathway to realizing“thermal-percolation electrical-resistive”in hybrid TIMs,providing a strategic framework for designing high-performance TIMs.展开更多
A solid,fast-dissolving sodium silicate was used as an alkaline activator.Granulated blast furnace slag(GGBS),metakaolin(MK),and steel slag(SS)were used as the cementious components to prepare a ternary composite ceme...A solid,fast-dissolving sodium silicate was used as an alkaline activator.Granulated blast furnace slag(GGBS),metakaolin(MK),and steel slag(SS)were used as the cementious components to prepare a ternary composite cementitious material known as alkali-activated steel slag composite cementitious material(ASCM)by the"one-step method".The impacts of cementitious components,alkali activator modulus,and Na_(2)O%on the mechanical strength were investigated,and the hydration products and hydration kinetics of ASCM were analyzed.The experimental results reveal that XRD,FTIR,SEM,EDS,and exothermic heat of hydration show that when GGBS:MK:SS=60wt%:10wt%:30wt%,the activator modulus is 1.2,and the alkali content is 5.5wt%,the 28 d flexural strength of ASCM mortar is 12.6 MPa,and the compressive strength is 53.3 MPa,the hydration products consist of C-S-H gel/C-A-S-H gel,mullite(3Al_(2)O_(3)-2SiO_(2)),calcite(CaCO_(3)),quartz,etc.ASCM has a large initial hydration exotherm rate but a small cumulative exotherm.展开更多
Silicon carbide/pyrolytic carbon (SiC/PyC) composite materials with excellent performance of self-lubrication and wear resistance were prepared on SiC substrates by electromagnetic-field-assisted chemical vapor infilt...Silicon carbide/pyrolytic carbon (SiC/PyC) composite materials with excellent performance of self-lubrication and wear resistance were prepared on SiC substrates by electromagnetic-field-assisted chemical vapor infiltration (CVI). The composition and microstructure of the SiC/PyC materials were investigated in detail by XRD, SEM and EDS, etc. The effects of the deposition temperature on the section features and wear resistance of the SiC/PyC were studied. The results show that the PyC layers were deposited onto SiC substrates spontaneously at a lower deposition temperature. The SiC substrates deposited with PyC can significantly reduce the wear rate of the self-dual composite materials under dry sliding condition. The wear tests suggest that the SiC/PyC composite materials own a better wear resistance property when the deposition temperature is 800 °C, and the wear rate is about 64.6% of that without the deposition of PyC.展开更多
LiFePO4-Li3V2（PO4）3 composites were synthesized by solid-hydrothermal method and by ball milling,respectively.The electrochemical performance of the solid-hydrothermally obtained materials（C-LFVP） was significantl...LiFePO4-Li3V2（PO4）3 composites were synthesized by solid-hydrothermal method and by ball milling,respectively.The electrochemical performance of the solid-hydrothermally obtained materials（C-LFVP） was significantly improved compared with LiFePO4（LFP） and Li3V2（PO4）3（LVP）,and it was also much better than that of the ball-milled LiFePO4-Li3V2（PO4）3（P-LFVP）.C-LFVP and P-LFVP both had four REDOX peaks（voltage plateaus）,which coincided with that of LFP and LVP.Some new trace substances were found in C-LFVP which had more perfect morphology,this was responsible for the better electrochemical performance of C-LFVP than P-LFVP.展开更多
The friction and wear properties of the C/Cu composite material were investigated. The experiments were conducted on a block on ring type friction machine. It has been found that the friction coefficient and the wea...The friction and wear properties of the C/Cu composite material were investigated. The experiments were conducted on a block on ring type friction machine. It has been found that the friction coefficient and the wear rate of the composite material increase slowly as the pressure is increased in a mild wear state. Scanning electron microscopy and electron probe X ray micro analyzer observations indicate that the low values of μ and W L are due to the formation of a film that impedes adhesion and confers some degree of self lubrication.展开更多
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52376216,52006194,52006191)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(2023-YBGY-054).
文摘Sodium ion batteries(SIBs)are one of the most prospective energy storage devices recently.Carbon materials have been commonly used as anode materials for SIBs because of their wide sources and low price.However,pure carbon materials still have the disadvantage of low theoretical capacity.New design and preparation strategies for carbon-based composites can overcome the problems.Based on the analysis of Na^(+)storage mechanism of carbon-based composite materials,the factors influencing the performance of SIBs are discussed.Adjustment methods for improving the electrochemical performance of electrodes are evaluated in detail,including carbon skeleton design and composite material selection.Some advanced composite materials,i.e.,carbon-conversion composite and carbon-MXene composite,are also being explored.New advances in flexible electrodes based on carbon-based composite on flexible SIBs is investigated.The existing issues and future issues of carbon-based composite materials are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52127816),the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFA0715000)the National Natural Science and Hong Kong Research Grant Council Joint Research Funding Project of China(No.5181101182)the NSFC/RGC Joint Research Scheme sponsored by the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.N_PolyU513/18).
文摘Latent heat thermal energy storage(TES)effectively reduces the mismatch between energy supply and demand of renewable energy sources by the utilization of phase change materials(PCMs).However,the low thermal conductivity and poor shape stability are the main drawbacks in realizing the large-scale application of PCMs.Promisingly,developing composite PCM(CPCM)based on porous supporting mate-rial provides a desirable solution to obtain performance-enhanced PCMs with improved effective thermal conductivity and shape stability.Among all the porous matrixes as supports for PCM,three-dimensional carbon-based porous supporting material has attracted considerable attention ascribing to its high ther-mal conductivity,desirable loading capacity of PCMs,and excellent chemical compatibility with various PCMs.Therefore,this work systemically reviews the CPCMs with three-dimensional carbon-based porous supporting materials.First,a concise rule for the fabrication of CPCMs is illustrated in detail.Next,the experimental and computational research of carbon nanotube-based support,graphene-based support,graphite-based support and amorphous carbon-based support are reviewed.Then,the applications of the shape-stabilized CPCMs including thermal management and thermal conversion are illustrated.Last but not least,the challenges and prospects of the CPCMs are discussed.To conclude,introducing carbon-based porous materials can solve the liquid leakage issue and essentially improve the thermal conductivity of PCMs.However,there is still a long way to further develop a desirable CPCM with higher latent heat capacity,higher thermal conductivity,and more excellent shape stability.
基金supported by the Programs of National 973 (2011CB935900)NSFC (51231003 and 21231005)+1 种基金111 Project (B12015)Tianjin High-Tech (10SYSYJC27600)
文摘The synthetic routes of porous carbons and the applications of the functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials for lithium secondary batteries are reviewed. The synthetic methods have made great breakthroughs to control the pore size and volume, wall thickness, surface area, and connectivity of porous carbons, which result in the development of functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials. The effects of porous carbons on the electrochemical properties are further discussed. The porous carbons as ideal matrixes to incorporate active materials make a great improvement on the electrochemical properties because of high surface area and pore volume, excellent electronic conductivity, and strong adsorption capacity. Large numbers of the composite electrode materials have been used for the devices of electrochemical energy conversion and storage, such as lithium-ion batteries （LIBs）, Li-S batteries, and Li-O2 batteries. It is believed that functional porous carbon-based composite electrode materials will continuously contribute to the field of lithium secondary batteries.
文摘Supercapacitors are gaining popularity due to their high cycling stability,power density,and fast charge and discharge rates.Researchers are ex-ploring electrode materials,electrolytes,and separat-ors for cost-effective energy storage systems.Ad-vances in materials science have led to the develop-ment of hybrid nanomaterials,such as combining fil-amentous carbon forms with inorganic nanoparticles,to create new charge and energy transfer processes.Notable materials for electrochemical energy-stor-age applications include MXenes,2D transition met-al carbides,and nitrides,carbon black,carbon aerogels,activated carbon,carbon nanotubes,conducting polymers,carbon fibers,and nanofibers,and graphene,because of their thermal,electrical,and mechanical properties.Carbon materials mixed with conducting polymers,ceramics,metal oxides,transition metal oxides,metal hydroxides,transition metal sulfides,trans-ition metal dichalcogenide,metal sulfides,carbides,nitrides,and biomass materials have received widespread attention due to their remarkable performance,eco-friendliness,cost-effectiveness,and renewability.This article explores the development of carbon-based hybrid materials for future supercapacitors,including electric double-layer capacitors,pseudocapacitors,and hy-brid supercapacitors.It investigates the difficulties that influence structural design,manufacturing(electrospinning,hydro-thermal/solvothermal,template-assisted synthesis,electrodeposition,electrospray,3D printing)techniques and the latest car-bon-based hybrid materials research offer practical solutions for producing high-performance,next-generation supercapacitors.
基金financial support from the Doctoral Foundation of Henan University of Engineering(No.D2022025)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U2004162)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52302138)Key Project for Science and Technology Development of Henan Province(No.232102320221)。
文摘With the rapid development of electric vehicles,hybrid electric vehicles and smart grids,people's demand for large-scale energy storage devices is increasingly intense.As a new type of secondary battery,potassium ion battery is promising to replace the lithium-ion battery in the field of large-scale energy storage by virtue of its low price and environmental friendliness.At present,the research on the anode materials of potassium ion batteries mainly focuses on carbon materials and the design of various nanostructured metal-based materials.Problems such as poor rate performance and inferior cycle life caused by electrode structure comminution during charge and discharge have not been solved.Quantum dots/nanodots materials are a new type of nanomaterials that can effectively improve the utilization of electrode materials and reduce production costs.In addition,quantum dots/nanodots materials can enhance the electrode reaction kinetics,reduce the stress generated in cycling,and effectively alleviate the agglomeration and crushing of electrode materials.In this review,we will systematically introduce the synthesis methods,K+storage properties and K+storage mechanisms of carbon quantum dots and carbon-based transition metal compound quantum dots composites.This review will have significant references for potassium ion battery researchers.
文摘Composites made from biopolymers and natural fibers are gaining popularity as alternative sustainable structural materials.Biopolyesters including polylactic acid(PLA),polybutylene succinate(PBS),and polyhydroxyalkanoate(PHA),when mixed with natural fibers such as kenaf,hemp,and jute,provide an environmentally acceptable alternative to traditional fossil-based materials.This article examines current research on developments in the integration of biopolymers with natural fibers,with a focus on enhancing mechanical,thermal,and sustainability.Innovative approaches to surface treatment of natural fibers,such as biological and chemical treatments,have demonstrated enhanced adhesion with biopolymer matrices,increasing attributes such as tensile strength and rigidity.Furthermore,nano filling technologies such as nanocellulose and nanoparticles have improved the attributes of multifunctional composites,including heat conductivity and moisture resistance.According to performance analysis,biopolymernatural fiber-based composites may compete with synthetic composites in construction applications,particularly in lightweight buildings and automobiles.However,significant issues such as degradation in humid settings and longtermendurancemust be solved.To support a circular economy,solutions involve the development ofmoisture-resistant polymers and composite recycling technology.This article examines current advancements and identifies problems and opportunities to provide insight into the future direction of more inventive and sustainable biocomposites,and also the dangers they pose to green technology and industrial materials.These findings are significant in terms of the development of building materials which are not only competitive but also contribute to global sustainability.
基金support by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2023YFA1008901)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11988102,12172009)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘In this manuscript,we propose an analytical equivalent linear viscoelastic constitutive model for fiber-reinforced composites,bypassing general computational homogenization.The method is based on the reduced-order homogenization(ROH)approach.The ROH method typically involves solving multiple finite element problems under periodic conditions to evaluate elastic strain and eigenstrain influence functions in an‘off-line’stage,which offers substantial cost savings compared to direct computational homogenization methods.Due to the unique structure of the fibrous unit cell,“off-line”stage calculation can be eliminated by influence functions obtained analytically.Introducing the standard solid model to the ROH method enables the creation of a comprehensive analytical homogeneous viscoelastic constitutive model.This method treats fibrous composite materials as homogeneous,anisotropic viscoelastic materials,significantly reducing computational time due to its analytical nature.This approach also enables precise determination of a homogenized anisotropic relaxation modulus and accurate capture of various viscoelastic responses under different loading conditions.Three sets of numerical examples,including unit cell tests,three-point beam bending tests,and torsion tests,are given to demonstrate the predictive performance of the homogenized viscoelastic model.Furthermore,the model is validated against experimental measurements,confirming its accuracy and reliability.
文摘In order to adjust some properties of cement grout or concrete,some mineral admixtures are usually added in the preparation.Admixtures can reduce the cement consumption and save the cost,and also adjust the workability of the material,improve the strength and durability of the cement stone,or reduce hydration heat of the composite cement.At present,the content of fly ash or slag is generally less than 50%among the composite cementitious materials that have been studied more,but there is little research on composite cementitious materials with large mineral admixture.In this paper,XRD,SEM,and adiabatic temperature rise tests were used to discuss hydration products and mechanism of composite cement grout with 90%content of fly ash and slag.The results show that the hydration of the composite cement grout is an alkali-activated hydration reaction,and the hydration products are mainly amorphous substances such as hydrated calcium silicate or hydrated calcium aluminate gel.The hydration reaction temperature rise is much lower than that of ordinary cement grout,and the time of the temperature peak is significantly delayed.
基金funded by the following grants,including the Key Research and Development Programof Shaanxi Province(Nos.2023-LL-QY-42,2024NC-ZDCYL-02-05)the Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology Research Initiation Grant Program(No.1960323102)+1 种基金the Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology Special Program for Cultivation of Frontier Interdisciplinary Fields(No.X20230079)the Open Fund for the Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Nutrition of Ningxia(No.ZHS202401).
文摘With the rapid development of industry,the environmental problems caused by heavy metal arsenic and antimony are becoming increasingly serious.Therefore,it is urgent to solve the problem of arsenic and antimony pollution in the water environment.Renewable carbon-based materials,as a kind of adsorbent widely used in wastewater treatment,have been the focus of scholars’research for many years.In this review,the preparation methods,characteristics,and applications of renewable carbon-based materials(biochar,activated carbon,carbon nanotubes,and graphene)for the removal of arsenic and antimony are described in detail.Based on adsorption kinetics,isothermal adsorption,temperature,pH,and coexisting ions,we discuss the process of adsorption of arsenic and antimony by renewable carbon-based materials,explore the mechanism of adsorption of anions in water by renewable carbon-basedmaterials,and comparatively analyze the differences in adsorption performance of arsenic and antimony by different renewable carbon-based materials.Compared with biochar,activated carbon,carbon nanotube,and graphene renewable materials loaded with iron-manganese oxides have better removal effects on arsenic and antimony wastewater.Extensive research data shows that biochar,as a renewable material,is recommended,followed by activated carbon.Both are recommended because of their excellent adsorption properties and low production costs.Finally,the prospects and challenges of the application of renewable carbon-based materials in wastewater treatment are discussed,and the directions and development trends of future research are pointed out,which provide references and insights for further promoting the application of renewable carbon-based materials in wastewater treatment.
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21908085)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20241950)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M731422)Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Materials Chemical Engineering(No.KL-NICE-23B03)Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials(No.202441204)the Science and Technology Plan School-Enterprise Cooperation IndustryUniversity-Research Forward-looking Project of Zhangjiagang(No.ZKYY2341)。
文摘Untreated water environments encourage the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms,which pose a significant risk to human health and sustainable development.Antimicrobial technologies in advanced photothermal materials offer a promising alternative strategy for solving water disinfection challenges.This technology effectively destroys bacterial biofilms by designing materials with controlled photothermal properties.Despite the potential of this technology,there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on the application of photothermal materials in water disinfection.The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the research and application of photothermal materials in water disinfection.It focuses on composites in photothermal materials,elucidates their basic mechanisms and sterilization properties,and provides a systematic and detailed overview of their recent progress in the field.The goal of this review is to offer insights into the future design of photothermal materials and to propose strategies for their practical application in disinfection processes.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFC1906600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52000132).
文摘Microbial chain elongation(CE),utilizing anaerobic fermentation for the synthesis of high-value medium chain fatty acids(MCFAs),merges as a promising strategy in resource sustainability.Recently,it has pivoted that the use of different types of additives or accelerantstowards enhancing the products yield and fermentation quality has got much attention,with carbon-based materials emerging as vital facilitators.Based on bibliometrics insights,this paper firstly commences with a comprehensive review of the past two decades’progress in applying carbon-based materials within anaerobic fermentation contexts.Subsequently,the recent advancements made by different research groups in order to enhance the performance of CE systemperformance are reviewed,with particular focus on the application,impact,and underlying mechanisms of carbon-based materials in expediting MCFAs biosynthesis via CE.Finally,the future research direction is prospected,aiming to inform innovative material design and sophisticated technological applications,as well as provide a reference for improving the efficiency of anaerobic fermentation of MCFAs using carbon-based material,thereby contributing to the broader discourse on enhancing sustainability and efficiency in bio-based processes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52200143,51979011 and 52276208)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2024AFB546)the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(Nos.CKSF2023302/CL and CKSF2023314/CL).
文摘Carbon-based materials have been widely applied for pollutant removal relying on their rich pore structure,functional groups,chemical stability,and expandability.However,the traditional manufacturing process of carbon materials based on organic compounds pyrolysis is high energy-consuming and high-emission,which is not conducive to addressing the climate crisis and achieving the goal of carbon neutrality.Molten salt electrolysis technology enables the direct capture and reduction of CO_(2)to produce solid carbon,resulting in significant environmental benefits while achieving carbon emissions reduction.The molten salt also has a purification function,enabling the production of high-purity carbon materials.The kinetics of the electrochemical reduction process can be easily controlled,and the co-reduction of multiple elements provides convenience for the in-situ optimization of carbon material structure and the expansion of its applications.Therefore,this review focuses on the thermodynamics&kinetics processes of molten salt capture and electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)to prepare carbon materials.It further reviews the recent research progress on the preparation of carbon materials for pollutant removal based on molten salt electrochemical processes for the first time.Finally,we analyze the advantages and challenges of the current molten salt electrochemical processes and offers prospects for future research directions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22302110,22375047,22378068)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3804905)+1 种基金the Open Project Foundation of Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials&Devices,Soochow University(No.KJS2210)High-level Talent Initiative Project at Anhui Agricultural University(rc362401)。
文摘Flexible electronic skin(E-skin)sensors offer innovative solutions for detecting human body signals,enabling human-machine interactions and advancing the development of intelligent robotics.Electrospun nanofibers are particularly wellsuited for E-skin applications due to their exceptional mechanical properties,tunable breathability,and lightweight nature.Nanofiber-based composite materials consist of three-dimensional structures that integrate one-dimensional polymer nanofibers with other functional materials,enabling efficient signal conversion and positioning them as an ideal platform for next-generation intelligent electronics.Here,this review begins with an overview of electrospinning technology,including far-field electrospinning,near-field electrospinning,and melt electrospinning.It also discusses the diverse morphologies of electrospun nanofibers,such as core-shell,porous,hollow,bead,Janus,and ribbon structure,as well as strategies for incorporating functional materials to enhance nanofiber performance.Following this,the article provides a detailed introduction to electrospun nanofiber-based composite materials(i.e.,nanofiber/hydrogel,nanofiber/aerogel,nanofiber/metal),emphasizing their recent advancements in monitoring physical,physiological,body fluid,and multi-signal in human signal detection.Meanwhile,the review explores the development of multimodal sensors capable of responding to diverse stimuli,focusing on innovative strategies for decoupling multiple signals and their state-of-the-art advancements.Finally,current challenges are analyzed,while future prospects for electrospun nanofiber-based composite sensors are outlined.This review aims to advance the design and application of next-generation flexible electronics,fostering breakthroughs in multifunctional sensing and health monitoring technologies.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3806501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22178050,22108026)+3 种基金the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2021QNRC001)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(2022-BS-091)the Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund Young Tech Star(2022RQ008)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT22LAB610).
文摘Thermal runaway(TR)is considered a significant safety hazard for lithium batteries,and thermal protection materials are crucial in mitigating this risk.However,current thermal protection materials generally suffer from poor mechanical properties,flammability,leakage,and rigid crystallization,and they struggle to continuously block excess heat transfer and propagation once thermal saturation occurs.This study proposes a novel type of thermal protection material:an aerogel coupled composite phase change material(CPCM).The composite material consists of gelatin/sodium alginate(Ge/SA)composite biomass aerogel as an insulating component and a thermally induced flexible CPCM made from thermoplastic polyester elastomer as a heat-absorbing component.Inspired by power bank,we coupled the aerogel with CPCM through the binder,so that CPCM can continue to‘charge and store energy’for the aerogel,effectively absorbing heat,delaying the heat saturation phenomenon,and maximizing the duration of thermal insulation.The results demonstrate that the Ge/SA aerogel exhibits excellent thermal insulation(with a temperature difference of approximately 120℃ across a 1 cm thickness)and flame retardancy(achieving a V-0 flame retardant rating).The CPCM exhibits high heat storage density(811.9 J g^(−1)),good thermally induced flexibility(bendable above 40℃),and thermal stability.Furthermore,the Ge/SA-CPCM coupled composite material shows even more outstanding thermal insulation performance,with the top surface temperature remaining at 89℃ after 100 min of exposure to a high temperature of 230℃.This study provides a new direction for the development of TR protection materials for lithium batteries.
基金Key Project of Xizang Natural Science Foundation(Project No.:XZ202201ZR0053G)2023 Teaching Reform Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University(Project No.:NYJXGG2023025)“14th Five-Year Plan”Project of Educational Science Research in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(Project No.:NGJGH2021278)。
文摘This paper reviews the research status and development trends of lattice-foam composite structural materials.It introduces the characteristics and applications of lattice metallic materials and metallic foam materials among ultra-light porous materials,and points out their respective shortcomings.Subsequently,it elaborates on the research progress of lattice-foam composite structural materials at home and abroad,including the research achievements of research teams such as Xi’an Jiaotong University and the University of Virginia in the United States.Then,the key technologies in the preparation process of lattice-foam composite structural materials are discussed in detail,such as the rapid prototyping technology for special-shaped parts of porous materials,the friction stir welding technology for metallic foams,and the large-area joining and composite technology between the core and face sheets of composite structures.Finally,the research on lattice-foam composite structural materials is summarized and prospected.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program(Grant No.2022YFA1203-100)sponsorship by Shanghai Sailing Program(Grant No.24YF2713800)+2 种基金financial support from the Local College Capacity Building Project of Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Grant No.20010500700)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(Grant No.23ZR1424300)Shanghai Shuguang Program(Grant No.22SG56)。
文摘In integrated circuit packaging,thermal interface materials(TIMs)must exhibit high thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity to prevent short circuits,enhance reliability,and ensure safety in high-voltage applications.We proposed the thermal-percolation electrical-resistive TIM incorporating binary fillers of both insulating and metallic nanowires with an orientation in the insulating polymer matrix.High thermal conductivity can be achieved through thermal percolation,while electrical non-conductivity is preserved by carefully controlling the electrical percolation threshold through metallic nanowire orientation.The electrical conductivity of the composite can be further regulated by adjusting the orientation and aspect ratio of the metallic fillers.A thermal conductivity of 10 W·m^(-1)·K^(-1)is achieved,with electrical non-conductive behavior preserved.This approach offers a pathway to realizing“thermal-percolation electrical-resistive”in hybrid TIMs,providing a strategic framework for designing high-performance TIMs.
基金Funded by the Scientific Research Program of Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Development(No.20250203184SF)。
文摘A solid,fast-dissolving sodium silicate was used as an alkaline activator.Granulated blast furnace slag(GGBS),metakaolin(MK),and steel slag(SS)were used as the cementious components to prepare a ternary composite cementitious material known as alkali-activated steel slag composite cementitious material(ASCM)by the"one-step method".The impacts of cementitious components,alkali activator modulus,and Na_(2)O%on the mechanical strength were investigated,and the hydration products and hydration kinetics of ASCM were analyzed.The experimental results reveal that XRD,FTIR,SEM,EDS,and exothermic heat of hydration show that when GGBS:MK:SS=60wt%:10wt%:30wt%,the activator modulus is 1.2,and the alkali content is 5.5wt%,the 28 d flexural strength of ASCM mortar is 12.6 MPa,and the compressive strength is 53.3 MPa,the hydration products consist of C-S-H gel/C-A-S-H gel,mullite(3Al_(2)O_(3)-2SiO_(2)),calcite(CaCO_(3)),quartz,etc.ASCM has a large initial hydration exotherm rate but a small cumulative exotherm.
基金Project(2011CB605801)supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject(2011M500127)supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation+2 种基金Projects(51102089,50802115)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(12JJ4046,12JJ9014)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(74341015817)supported by the Post-doctoral Fund of Central South University,China
文摘Silicon carbide/pyrolytic carbon (SiC/PyC) composite materials with excellent performance of self-lubrication and wear resistance were prepared on SiC substrates by electromagnetic-field-assisted chemical vapor infiltration (CVI). The composition and microstructure of the SiC/PyC materials were investigated in detail by XRD, SEM and EDS, etc. The effects of the deposition temperature on the section features and wear resistance of the SiC/PyC were studied. The results show that the PyC layers were deposited onto SiC substrates spontaneously at a lower deposition temperature. The SiC substrates deposited with PyC can significantly reduce the wear rate of the self-dual composite materials under dry sliding condition. The wear tests suggest that the SiC/PyC composite materials own a better wear resistance property when the deposition temperature is 800 °C, and the wear rate is about 64.6% of that without the deposition of PyC.
基金Project (2007BAQ01055) supported by the National Key Technology R&D Programs of ChinaProject (50574063) supported by theNational Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘LiFePO4-Li3V2（PO4）3 composites were synthesized by solid-hydrothermal method and by ball milling,respectively.The electrochemical performance of the solid-hydrothermally obtained materials（C-LFVP） was significantly improved compared with LiFePO4（LFP） and Li3V2（PO4）3（LVP）,and it was also much better than that of the ball-milled LiFePO4-Li3V2（PO4）3（P-LFVP）.C-LFVP and P-LFVP both had four REDOX peaks（voltage plateaus）,which coincided with that of LFP and LVP.Some new trace substances were found in C-LFVP which had more perfect morphology,this was responsible for the better electrochemical performance of C-LFVP than P-LFVP.
文摘The friction and wear properties of the C/Cu composite material were investigated. The experiments were conducted on a block on ring type friction machine. It has been found that the friction coefficient and the wear rate of the composite material increase slowly as the pressure is increased in a mild wear state. Scanning electron microscopy and electron probe X ray micro analyzer observations indicate that the low values of μ and W L are due to the formation of a film that impedes adhesion and confers some degree of self lubrication.
