In order to deal with the global change and to reduce emission of greenhouse gas, a number of countries have strengthened studies on carbon sequestration in cropland. Carbon sequestration in cropland is not only an im...In order to deal with the global change and to reduce emission of greenhouse gas, a number of countries have strengthened studies on carbon sequestration in cropland. Carbon sequestration in cropland is not only an important component for the global carbon stock, but also is the most active part to sequestrate the carbon in soil from atmosphere. In this sense, it is of necessity and significance to strengthen the study on management of carbon sequestration in cropland. Based on the main factors affecting carbon cycle in agro-ecosystems, this paper summarizes the relevant management measures to strengthen the capacity of reducing emission of carbon and increasing the carbon sequestration in cropland, and evaluates the effects of these measures after being implemented at a regional extent.展开更多
Pd/C catalysts were prepared by deposited Pd nanoparticles （NPs） on different carbon supports including activated carbon （AC）, graphite oxide （GO）, and reduced graphite oxide （rGO） using sol-immobilization met...Pd/C catalysts were prepared by deposited Pd nanoparticles （NPs） on different carbon supports including activated carbon （AC）, graphite oxide （GO）, and reduced graphite oxide （rGO） using sol-immobilization method. Through transmission electron microscopy, powder X-ray di raction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the role of the carbon supports for the catalytic performances of Pd/C catalysts was examined in selective hydrogenation of acetylene. The results indicate that Pd/AC exhibited higher activity and selectivity than Pd/GO and Pd/rGO in the gas phase selective hydrogenation of acetylene. Thermal and chemical treatment of AC supports also have some effect on the catalytic performance of Pd/AC catalysts. The differences in the activity and selectivity of various Pd/C catalysts were partly attributed to the metal-support interaction.展开更多
Highly active electrocatalysts based on Layered Double Hydroxides(LDH)towards oxygen evolution reactions(OER)are required for the applications of renewable energy-conversion technology.The improvement of conductivity ...Highly active electrocatalysts based on Layered Double Hydroxides(LDH)towards oxygen evolution reactions(OER)are required for the applications of renewable energy-conversion technology.The improvement of conductivity and electron-transporting capability for LDH materials remains an enormous challenge yet.Here,we synthesized carbon nanotube supported quaternary FeCoNiW-LDH ultrathin nanosheets with 1 nm thickness via one-pot hydrothermal methods,which exhibit enhanced OER activity due to the synergistic effect of modified CNTs and doped W^6+onto LDH nanosheets catalysts.The loaded carbon nanotubes can directly result in the improved conductivity.In addition,W^6+doping in LDH can modify the electronic structure and further enhance the conductivity of electrocatalysts.FeCoNiW-LDH/CNT exhibits a small overpotential(258 mV)at a current density of 10 mA·cm^–2 and low Tafel slope(41 mV decade^–1)towards OER in alkaline solutions,outperforming the noble metal RuO2 catalysts.展开更多
The high-energy lithium/sulfur(Li/S) battery has become a very popular topic of research in recent years due to its high theoretical capacity of 1672 m Ah/g. However, the polysulfide shuttle effect remains of great co...The high-energy lithium/sulfur(Li/S) battery has become a very popular topic of research in recent years due to its high theoretical capacity of 1672 m Ah/g. However, the polysulfide shuttle effect remains of great concern with a great number of publications dedicated to its mitigation. In this contribution, a three-dimensional(3D) reduced graphene oxide/activated carbon(RGO/AC) film, synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and convenient mechanical pressing, is sandwiched between the separator and the sulfur-based cathode, acting as a functional interlayer to capture and trap polysulfide species. Consequently, the Li/S cell with this interlayer shows an impressive initial discharge capacity of 1078 m Ah/g and a reversible capacity of 655 m Ah/g even after 100 cycles. The RGO/AC interlayer impedes the movement of polysulfide while providing unimpeded channels for lithium ion mass transfer. Therefore, the RGO/AC interlayer with a well-designed structure represents strong potential for high-performance Li/S batteries.展开更多
Considering the serious electromagnetic wave(EMW)pollution problems and complex application condition,there is a pressing need to amalgamate multiple functionalities within a single substance.However,the effective int...Considering the serious electromagnetic wave(EMW)pollution problems and complex application condition,there is a pressing need to amalgamate multiple functionalities within a single substance.However,the effective integration of diverse functions into designed EMW absorption materials still faces the huge challenges.Herein,reduced graphene oxide/carbon foams(RGO/CFs)with two-dimensional/three-dimensional(2D/3D)van der Waals(vdWs)heterostructures were meticulously engineered and synthesized utilizing an efficient methodology involving freeze-drying,immersing absorption,secondary freeze-drying,followed by carbonization treatment.Thanks to their excellent linkage effect of amplified dielectric loss and optimized impedance matching,the designed 2D/3D RGO/CFs vdWs heterostructures demonstrated commendable EMW absorption performances,achieving a broad absorption bandwidth of 6.2 GHz and a reflection loss of-50.58 dB with the low matching thicknesses.Furthermore,the obtained 2D/3D RGO/CFs vdWs heterostructures also displayed the significant radar stealth properties,good corrosion resistance performances as well as outstanding thermal insulation capabilities,displaying the great potential in complex and variable environments.Accordingly,this work not only demonstrated a straightforward method for fabricating 2D/3D vdWs heterostructures,but also outlined a powerful mixeddimensional assembly strategy for engineering multifunctional foams for electromagnetic protection,aerospace and other complex conditions.展开更多
Compared with the vacuum continuous magnesium smelting process(RVCMS), its excellent energy saving and emission reduction performance provides a feasible method for green magnesium smelting. In the process of industri...Compared with the vacuum continuous magnesium smelting process(RVCMS), its excellent energy saving and emission reduction performance provides a feasible method for green magnesium smelting. In the process of industrialization, the reduction rate of prefabricated pellets affects the yield of metal magnesium and the utilization of reducing slag. In this paper, the reduction mechanism under different carbonate structures is analyzed by controlled disproportionation of prefabricated pellets and micro-nano simulation. The results show that the low temperature decomposition of NH_(4)·HCO_(3)pore-forming, improve the reduction rate(99.72%) effect is remarkable. Combined with thermodynamics and relative vacuum mechanism, a theoretical model of the relationship between disproportionation pore-forming and reduction rate was established. It was concluded that the energy consumption required to produce per ton of magnesium by adding NH_(4)·HCO_(3)to the prefabricated pellets was reduced by 0.29±0.34 tce, and the carbon emission was reduced by 1.069±1.263 t. The reduction slag had good compressive strength(Side 101.19 N cm^(-2), Bottom 466.4 N cm^(-2)). Compared with the 20 MPa reduction slag sample without pore-forming agent, the side compressive strength increased by 51.66%, and the bottom compressive strength increased by 119.10%. The amount of single furnace filler is increased by more than 50%.展开更多
1.Introduction Engineers,policymakers,and governments are currently facing the pressing global challenges of climate change and the energy crisis.To address the continuously increasing demand for energy and mitigate e...1.Introduction Engineers,policymakers,and governments are currently facing the pressing global challenges of climate change and the energy crisis.To address the continuously increasing demand for energy and mitigate environmental damage,energy conservation and emissions reduction have become strategic priorities for sustainable development[1].Nations worldwide have reached a consensus on reducing carbon emissions and have introduced various policies and actions,such as the carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets proposed by China[2,3].展开更多
Sustainable energy technologies,particularly fuel cells,are gaining attraction for their potential to reduce carbon emissions and provide efficient power.Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have been central to...Sustainable energy technologies,particularly fuel cells,are gaining attraction for their potential to reduce carbon emissions and provide efficient power.Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have been central to this development.However,one persistent issue with lowtemperature PEMFCs is the dehydration of Nafion ionomer at elevated temperatures,which severely limits proton conductivity.Wang et al.tackle this by introducing a covalent organic framework(COF)interwoven with Nafion,addressing the challenge of maintaining proton conductivity and oxygen transport in medium temperatures(100–120℃).展开更多
Red mud,a highly alkaline industrial solid waste generated during the production of alumina,is characterized by its fine particle size and residual heavy metals.Its massive accumulation poses a serious threat to the e...Red mud,a highly alkaline industrial solid waste generated during the production of alumina,is characterized by its fine particle size and residual heavy metals.Its massive accumulation poses a serious threat to the environment and ecosystems.This paper provided a systematic review of the current research on red mud in building materials and its potential for carbon reduction.It examined the physicochemical properties of red mud and its applications in cement-based materials,road construction,building blocks,ceramics,and composite materials.Researches indicated that utilizing red mud in building materials could significantly increase its utilization while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions during production.For instance,red mud can be employed in the production of low-clinker composite cement,used to improve the water damage resistance of asphalt mixtures,and integrated to enhance the mechanical properties and durability of unfired bricks and ceramic products.Moreover,its carbon sequestration capacity offered substantial support for developing carbon-reducing building materials.Nonetheless,the large-scale application of red mud remains constrained by critical technical challenges,including high pre-treatment costs,limited performance optimization,and insufficient environmental safety assessments.This paper outlined future research directions and proposes strategies to promote the extensive utilization of red mud for carbon reduction,thereby providing a theoretical framework and technical support for the green transformation of the aluminum industry.展开更多
CONSPECTUS:Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(eCO_(2)RR)has gained increasing attention as a promising strategy to mitigate the negative impacts of CO_(2)emission while simultaneously producing valuable chemical...CONSPECTUS:Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(eCO_(2)RR)has gained increasing attention as a promising strategy to mitigate the negative impacts of CO_(2)emission while simultaneously producing valuable chemicals or fuels.By converting CO_(2)into energy-rich products using renewable electricity,eCO_(2)RR provides a sustainable approach to reducing the carbon footprint and promoting a circular carbon economy.Among different reduction products,the formic acid(or formate)is particularly attractive due to its economic viability and diverse industrial applications,making it a key focus for both research and industrial adoption.Bismuth(Bi)-based electrocatalysts have emerged as promising candidates for eCO_(2)RR to formic acid,by virtue of their nontoxicity,low cost,high abundance and exceptional selectivity for the two-electron pathway.These characteristics allow Bi-based catalysts to effectively suppress competing reactions and maximize formic acid production.In this Account,we discuss our contributions,along with those of others,to advancing the field of Bi-based materials for formic acid/formate production,focusing on both the fundamental understanding of their unique catalytic properties and innovative strategies employed to enhance their performances.One of our significant contributions lies in the development of advanced nanostructures that enhance the catalytic activity of Bibased materials.By tailoring the size and morphology of Bi nanostructures,we have demonstrated improvements in active site density and reaction kinetics,leading to higher formic acid/formate selectivity and productivity.We have also explored the design of three-dimensional architectures,which provide enhanced mass transport and reduce diffusion limitations,thereby improving the overall efficiency of the catalytic process.Furthermore,works on defect engineering have revealed how modifying the electronic properties of Bi can optimize its binding affinity for key intermediates,significantly enhancing its catalytic performance.In addition to material innovations,recent research has contributed to the advancement of reactor designs that enable efficient and scalable eCO_(2)RR systems.We have optimized flow cells to ensure continuous operation with high mass transport efficiency,making them suitable for industrial production.Furthermore,studies on membrane electrode assemblies(MEAs)have integrated Bi-based catalysts into compact and energy-efficient systems,furthering enhancing the practical applicability of eCO_(2)RR.Solid-electrolyte systems have also been explored to simplify system configurations,improve stability and enable the production of pure formic acid.These efforts reflect the commitment of the community to bridging the gap between laboratory-scale research and industrial-scale implementation.Despite the significant progress achieved,challenges remain in fully realizing the potential of Bi-based eCO_(2)RR technologies.Future efforts should focus on improving the long-term stability of catalysts,using advanced characterization techniques to gain deeper insights into reaction mechanisms,and further refining reactor configurations for large-scale applications.Addressing these challenges will be crucial to unlocking the full potential of Bi-based systems for sustainable chemical manufacturing.展开更多
Lithium(Li)metal with high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential is the most ideal anode for next-generation high-energy batteries.However,the practical implementation of Li anode has been hindered by...Lithium(Li)metal with high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential is the most ideal anode for next-generation high-energy batteries.However,the practical implementation of Li anode has been hindered by dendritic growth and volume expansion during cycling,which results in low Coulombic efficiency(CE),short lifespan,and safety hazards.Here,we report a highly stable and dendrite-free Li metal anode by utilizing N-doped hollow porous bowl-like hard carbon/reduced graphene nanosheets(CB@rGO)hybrids as three-dimensional(3D)conductive and lithiophilic scaffold host.The lithiophilic carbon bowl(CB)mainly works as excellent guides during the Li plating process,whereas the rGO layer with high conductivity and mechanical stability maintains the integrity of the composite by confining the volume change in long-range order during cycling.Moreover,the local current density can be reduced due to the 3D conductive framework.Therefore,CB@rGO presents a low lithium metal nucleation overpotential of 18 mV,high CE of 98%,and stable cycling without obvious voltage fluctuation for over 600 cycles at a current density of 1 mA cm^(-2).Our study not only provides a good CB@rGO host and pre-Lithiated CB@rGO composite anode electrode,but also brings a new strategy of designing 3D electrodes for those active materials suffering from severe volume expansion.展开更多
Kenya Airways announced its new carbon offset project in May,aiming to have vips directly take part in a carbon emissions reduction plan for environmental protection.Titus Naikuni,Managing Director
This research delves into the complicated issues associated with demolition,renovation,and construction of buildings to find viable,sustainable practices that will relieve some strain on nature.Identifying major compo...This research delves into the complicated issues associated with demolition,renovation,and construction of buildings to find viable,sustainable practices that will relieve some strain on nature.Identifying major components like governmental policies,cooperative work of stakeholders,assimilation of technology,and the possible transformative capacity brought by Building Information Modeling(BIM),this research attempts to unveil how a more ecologically mindful construction industry can be achieved.The methodology used in this research has a multi-dimensional approach that is aimed at thoroughly understanding and clearing the challenges within the construction industry.The strengths like government support,stakeholder involvement,technological innovations,and adoption of BIM assist in building a strong base for sustainability.The research identified opportunities for technological advancements,special solutions,and government incentives.Technological advancement is a constantly changing environment,which gives the building sector an opportunity to adapt and enhance its recycling strategies.Customized solutions highlight the fact that such"place-based"strategies are needed because different urban,suburban,and rural landscapes present distinct challenges.Most property owners would be convinced to swap their regular buildings with sustainable building techniques through incentives from the government,such as tax benefits and subsidies.Furthermore,regulatory compliance issues and resistance to change cement the fact that societies need not only solid guidelines but also constant efforts to redefine standards in every industry.Effective negotiation between stakeholders becomes essential.Therefore,it can be stated that the findings give weight as catalysts of change in terms of action within the construction industry.展开更多
Twenty-nine European partners are developing an RFID-based application and supply-chain analysis system that may be used to increase sawmill eff iciency and raw materials usage,improve logistic operations and minimize...Twenty-nine European partners are developing an RFID-based application and supply-chain analysis system that may be used to increase sawmill eff iciency and raw materials usage,improve logistic operations and minimize environmental impacts.展开更多
New energy vehicles play a positive role in reducing carbon emissions.To improve the dynamic performance and durability of vehicle powertrain,the hybrid energy storage system of“fuel cell/power battery plus super cap...New energy vehicles play a positive role in reducing carbon emissions.To improve the dynamic performance and durability of vehicle powertrain,the hybrid energy storage system of“fuel cell/power battery plus super capacitor”is more used in new energy vehicles.Bidirectional DC–DC converters with wide voltage conversion range are essential for voltage matching and power decoupling between super capacitor and vehicle bus,helping to improve the low input voltage characteristics of super capacitors and realize the recovery of feedback energy.In recent years,the topologies of bidirectional converters have been widely investigated and optimized.Aiming to obtain bidirectional DC–DC converters with wide voltage conversion range suitable for hybrid energy storage system,a review of the research status of non-isolated converters based on impedance networks and isolated converters based on transformer are presented.Additionally,an evaluation system for bidirectional DC–DC topologies for hybrid energy storage system is constructed,providing a reference for designing bidirectional DC–DC converters.The performance of eight typical non-isolated converters and seven typical isolated converters are comprehensively evaluated by using this evaluation system.On this basis,issues about DC–DC converters for hybrid energy storage system are discussed,and some suggestions for the future research directions of DC–DC converters are proposed.The optimization of bidirectional DC–DC converters for hybrid energy storage system from the perspectives of wide bandgap device application,electromagnetic compatibility technology and converter fault diagnosis strategies is the main research direction.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(70873118)the Chinese Academy of Sciences (kzcx2-yw-305-2)the national key scientific and technological project(2006BAC08B03,2006BAC08B06,2008BAC43B01)~~
文摘In order to deal with the global change and to reduce emission of greenhouse gas, a number of countries have strengthened studies on carbon sequestration in cropland. Carbon sequestration in cropland is not only an important component for the global carbon stock, but also is the most active part to sequestrate the carbon in soil from atmosphere. In this sense, it is of necessity and significance to strengthen the study on management of carbon sequestration in cropland. Based on the main factors affecting carbon cycle in agro-ecosystems, this paper summarizes the relevant management measures to strengthen the capacity of reducing emission of carbon and increasing the carbon sequestration in cropland, and evaluates the effects of these measures after being implemented at a regional extent.
文摘Pd/C catalysts were prepared by deposited Pd nanoparticles （NPs） on different carbon supports including activated carbon （AC）, graphite oxide （GO）, and reduced graphite oxide （rGO） using sol-immobilization method. Through transmission electron microscopy, powder X-ray di raction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the role of the carbon supports for the catalytic performances of Pd/C catalysts was examined in selective hydrogenation of acetylene. The results indicate that Pd/AC exhibited higher activity and selectivity than Pd/GO and Pd/rGO in the gas phase selective hydrogenation of acetylene. Thermal and chemical treatment of AC supports also have some effect on the catalytic performance of Pd/AC catalysts. The differences in the activity and selectivity of various Pd/C catalysts were partly attributed to the metal-support interaction.
基金National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents of China(No.BX201600164)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos 21701175)。
文摘Highly active electrocatalysts based on Layered Double Hydroxides(LDH)towards oxygen evolution reactions(OER)are required for the applications of renewable energy-conversion technology.The improvement of conductivity and electron-transporting capability for LDH materials remains an enormous challenge yet.Here,we synthesized carbon nanotube supported quaternary FeCoNiW-LDH ultrathin nanosheets with 1 nm thickness via one-pot hydrothermal methods,which exhibit enhanced OER activity due to the synergistic effect of modified CNTs and doped W^6+onto LDH nanosheets catalysts.The loaded carbon nanotubes can directly result in the improved conductivity.In addition,W^6+doping in LDH can modify the electronic structure and further enhance the conductivity of electrocatalysts.FeCoNiW-LDH/CNT exhibits a small overpotential(258 mV)at a current density of 10 mA·cm^–2 and low Tafel slope(41 mV decade^–1)towards OER in alkaline solutions,outperforming the noble metal RuO2 catalysts.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.21406052the Program for the Outstanding Young Talents of Hebei Province(grant no.BJ2014010)the Scientific Research Foundation for Selected Overseas Chinese Scholars,Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of China(grant no.CG2015003002)
文摘The high-energy lithium/sulfur(Li/S) battery has become a very popular topic of research in recent years due to its high theoretical capacity of 1672 m Ah/g. However, the polysulfide shuttle effect remains of great concern with a great number of publications dedicated to its mitigation. In this contribution, a three-dimensional(3D) reduced graphene oxide/activated carbon(RGO/AC) film, synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and convenient mechanical pressing, is sandwiched between the separator and the sulfur-based cathode, acting as a functional interlayer to capture and trap polysulfide species. Consequently, the Li/S cell with this interlayer shows an impressive initial discharge capacity of 1078 m Ah/g and a reversible capacity of 655 m Ah/g even after 100 cycles. The RGO/AC interlayer impedes the movement of polysulfide while providing unimpeded channels for lithium ion mass transfer. Therefore, the RGO/AC interlayer with a well-designed structure represents strong potential for high-performance Li/S batteries.
基金provided by Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects for Platform and Talent Team Plan(GCC[2023]007)Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation(171095)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11964006).
文摘Considering the serious electromagnetic wave(EMW)pollution problems and complex application condition,there is a pressing need to amalgamate multiple functionalities within a single substance.However,the effective integration of diverse functions into designed EMW absorption materials still faces the huge challenges.Herein,reduced graphene oxide/carbon foams(RGO/CFs)with two-dimensional/three-dimensional(2D/3D)van der Waals(vdWs)heterostructures were meticulously engineered and synthesized utilizing an efficient methodology involving freeze-drying,immersing absorption,secondary freeze-drying,followed by carbonization treatment.Thanks to their excellent linkage effect of amplified dielectric loss and optimized impedance matching,the designed 2D/3D RGO/CFs vdWs heterostructures demonstrated commendable EMW absorption performances,achieving a broad absorption bandwidth of 6.2 GHz and a reflection loss of-50.58 dB with the low matching thicknesses.Furthermore,the obtained 2D/3D RGO/CFs vdWs heterostructures also displayed the significant radar stealth properties,good corrosion resistance performances as well as outstanding thermal insulation capabilities,displaying the great potential in complex and variable environments.Accordingly,this work not only demonstrated a straightforward method for fabricating 2D/3D vdWs heterostructures,but also outlined a powerful mixeddimensional assembly strategy for engineering multifunctional foams for electromagnetic protection,aerospace and other complex conditions.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2023T160088)the Youth Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52304324)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1908225, U1702253)the Special Funds for Basic Research Operations of Central Universities(N182515007, N170908001, N2025004)。
文摘Compared with the vacuum continuous magnesium smelting process(RVCMS), its excellent energy saving and emission reduction performance provides a feasible method for green magnesium smelting. In the process of industrialization, the reduction rate of prefabricated pellets affects the yield of metal magnesium and the utilization of reducing slag. In this paper, the reduction mechanism under different carbonate structures is analyzed by controlled disproportionation of prefabricated pellets and micro-nano simulation. The results show that the low temperature decomposition of NH_(4)·HCO_(3)pore-forming, improve the reduction rate(99.72%) effect is remarkable. Combined with thermodynamics and relative vacuum mechanism, a theoretical model of the relationship between disproportionation pore-forming and reduction rate was established. It was concluded that the energy consumption required to produce per ton of magnesium by adding NH_(4)·HCO_(3)to the prefabricated pellets was reduced by 0.29±0.34 tce, and the carbon emission was reduced by 1.069±1.263 t. The reduction slag had good compressive strength(Side 101.19 N cm^(-2), Bottom 466.4 N cm^(-2)). Compared with the 20 MPa reduction slag sample without pore-forming agent, the side compressive strength increased by 51.66%, and the bottom compressive strength increased by 119.10%. The amount of single furnace filler is increased by more than 50%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62293500,62293502,and 62293504)the State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology,China(ICT2024A22)the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(the 111 Project)(B17017).
文摘1.Introduction Engineers,policymakers,and governments are currently facing the pressing global challenges of climate change and the energy crisis.To address the continuously increasing demand for energy and mitigate environmental damage,energy conservation and emissions reduction have become strategic priorities for sustainable development[1].Nations worldwide have reached a consensus on reducing carbon emissions and have introduced various policies and actions,such as the carbon peak and carbon neutrality targets proposed by China[2,3].
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22301139)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK 20230375).
文摘Sustainable energy technologies,particularly fuel cells,are gaining attraction for their potential to reduce carbon emissions and provide efficient power.Proton exchange membrane fuel cells(PEMFCs)have been central to this development.However,one persistent issue with lowtemperature PEMFCs is the dehydration of Nafion ionomer at elevated temperatures,which severely limits proton conductivity.Wang et al.tackle this by introducing a covalent organic framework(COF)interwoven with Nafion,addressing the challenge of maintaining proton conductivity and oxygen transport in medium temperatures(100–120℃).
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.51368015)for the project“Study on the Viscosity Reduction Mechanism and Road Performance of Red Mud-Modified Asphalt Mixture Based on Electronic Theory”Science and Technology Project of the Department of Education of Jiangxi Province(grant No.GJJ201902).
文摘Red mud,a highly alkaline industrial solid waste generated during the production of alumina,is characterized by its fine particle size and residual heavy metals.Its massive accumulation poses a serious threat to the environment and ecosystems.This paper provided a systematic review of the current research on red mud in building materials and its potential for carbon reduction.It examined the physicochemical properties of red mud and its applications in cement-based materials,road construction,building blocks,ceramics,and composite materials.Researches indicated that utilizing red mud in building materials could significantly increase its utilization while simultaneously reducing carbon emissions during production.For instance,red mud can be employed in the production of low-clinker composite cement,used to improve the water damage resistance of asphalt mixtures,and integrated to enhance the mechanical properties and durability of unfired bricks and ceramic products.Moreover,its carbon sequestration capacity offered substantial support for developing carbon-reducing building materials.Nonetheless,the large-scale application of red mud remains constrained by critical technical challenges,including high pre-treatment costs,limited performance optimization,and insufficient environmental safety assessments.This paper outlined future research directions and proposes strategies to promote the extensive utilization of red mud for carbon reduction,thereby providing a theoretical framework and technical support for the green transformation of the aluminum industry.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52425209,52161160331 and 22279084)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(BK20220027)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology.
文摘CONSPECTUS:Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction(eCO_(2)RR)has gained increasing attention as a promising strategy to mitigate the negative impacts of CO_(2)emission while simultaneously producing valuable chemicals or fuels.By converting CO_(2)into energy-rich products using renewable electricity,eCO_(2)RR provides a sustainable approach to reducing the carbon footprint and promoting a circular carbon economy.Among different reduction products,the formic acid(or formate)is particularly attractive due to its economic viability and diverse industrial applications,making it a key focus for both research and industrial adoption.Bismuth(Bi)-based electrocatalysts have emerged as promising candidates for eCO_(2)RR to formic acid,by virtue of their nontoxicity,low cost,high abundance and exceptional selectivity for the two-electron pathway.These characteristics allow Bi-based catalysts to effectively suppress competing reactions and maximize formic acid production.In this Account,we discuss our contributions,along with those of others,to advancing the field of Bi-based materials for formic acid/formate production,focusing on both the fundamental understanding of their unique catalytic properties and innovative strategies employed to enhance their performances.One of our significant contributions lies in the development of advanced nanostructures that enhance the catalytic activity of Bibased materials.By tailoring the size and morphology of Bi nanostructures,we have demonstrated improvements in active site density and reaction kinetics,leading to higher formic acid/formate selectivity and productivity.We have also explored the design of three-dimensional architectures,which provide enhanced mass transport and reduce diffusion limitations,thereby improving the overall efficiency of the catalytic process.Furthermore,works on defect engineering have revealed how modifying the electronic properties of Bi can optimize its binding affinity for key intermediates,significantly enhancing its catalytic performance.In addition to material innovations,recent research has contributed to the advancement of reactor designs that enable efficient and scalable eCO_(2)RR systems.We have optimized flow cells to ensure continuous operation with high mass transport efficiency,making them suitable for industrial production.Furthermore,studies on membrane electrode assemblies(MEAs)have integrated Bi-based catalysts into compact and energy-efficient systems,furthering enhancing the practical applicability of eCO_(2)RR.Solid-electrolyte systems have also been explored to simplify system configurations,improve stability and enable the production of pure formic acid.These efforts reflect the commitment of the community to bridging the gap between laboratory-scale research and industrial-scale implementation.Despite the significant progress achieved,challenges remain in fully realizing the potential of Bi-based eCO_(2)RR technologies.Future efforts should focus on improving the long-term stability of catalysts,using advanced characterization techniques to gain deeper insights into reaction mechanisms,and further refining reactor configurations for large-scale applications.Addressing these challenges will be crucial to unlocking the full potential of Bi-based systems for sustainable chemical manufacturing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52072323 and 51872098)the“Double-First Class”Foundation of Materials and Intelligent Manufacturing Discipline of Xiamen University,as well as Postdoctoral Foundation of China(2018M632929).
文摘Lithium(Li)metal with high theoretical capacity and low electrochemical potential is the most ideal anode for next-generation high-energy batteries.However,the practical implementation of Li anode has been hindered by dendritic growth and volume expansion during cycling,which results in low Coulombic efficiency(CE),short lifespan,and safety hazards.Here,we report a highly stable and dendrite-free Li metal anode by utilizing N-doped hollow porous bowl-like hard carbon/reduced graphene nanosheets(CB@rGO)hybrids as three-dimensional(3D)conductive and lithiophilic scaffold host.The lithiophilic carbon bowl(CB)mainly works as excellent guides during the Li plating process,whereas the rGO layer with high conductivity and mechanical stability maintains the integrity of the composite by confining the volume change in long-range order during cycling.Moreover,the local current density can be reduced due to the 3D conductive framework.Therefore,CB@rGO presents a low lithium metal nucleation overpotential of 18 mV,high CE of 98%,and stable cycling without obvious voltage fluctuation for over 600 cycles at a current density of 1 mA cm^(-2).Our study not only provides a good CB@rGO host and pre-Lithiated CB@rGO composite anode electrode,but also brings a new strategy of designing 3D electrodes for those active materials suffering from severe volume expansion.
文摘Kenya Airways announced its new carbon offset project in May,aiming to have vips directly take part in a carbon emissions reduction plan for environmental protection.Titus Naikuni,Managing Director
文摘This research delves into the complicated issues associated with demolition,renovation,and construction of buildings to find viable,sustainable practices that will relieve some strain on nature.Identifying major components like governmental policies,cooperative work of stakeholders,assimilation of technology,and the possible transformative capacity brought by Building Information Modeling(BIM),this research attempts to unveil how a more ecologically mindful construction industry can be achieved.The methodology used in this research has a multi-dimensional approach that is aimed at thoroughly understanding and clearing the challenges within the construction industry.The strengths like government support,stakeholder involvement,technological innovations,and adoption of BIM assist in building a strong base for sustainability.The research identified opportunities for technological advancements,special solutions,and government incentives.Technological advancement is a constantly changing environment,which gives the building sector an opportunity to adapt and enhance its recycling strategies.Customized solutions highlight the fact that such"place-based"strategies are needed because different urban,suburban,and rural landscapes present distinct challenges.Most property owners would be convinced to swap their regular buildings with sustainable building techniques through incentives from the government,such as tax benefits and subsidies.Furthermore,regulatory compliance issues and resistance to change cement the fact that societies need not only solid guidelines but also constant efforts to redefine standards in every industry.Effective negotiation between stakeholders becomes essential.Therefore,it can be stated that the findings give weight as catalysts of change in terms of action within the construction industry.
文摘Twenty-nine European partners are developing an RFID-based application and supply-chain analysis system that may be used to increase sawmill eff iciency and raw materials usage,improve logistic operations and minimize environmental impacts.
基金International Science&Technology Cooperation of China under 2019YFE0100200.
文摘New energy vehicles play a positive role in reducing carbon emissions.To improve the dynamic performance and durability of vehicle powertrain,the hybrid energy storage system of“fuel cell/power battery plus super capacitor”is more used in new energy vehicles.Bidirectional DC–DC converters with wide voltage conversion range are essential for voltage matching and power decoupling between super capacitor and vehicle bus,helping to improve the low input voltage characteristics of super capacitors and realize the recovery of feedback energy.In recent years,the topologies of bidirectional converters have been widely investigated and optimized.Aiming to obtain bidirectional DC–DC converters with wide voltage conversion range suitable for hybrid energy storage system,a review of the research status of non-isolated converters based on impedance networks and isolated converters based on transformer are presented.Additionally,an evaluation system for bidirectional DC–DC topologies for hybrid energy storage system is constructed,providing a reference for designing bidirectional DC–DC converters.The performance of eight typical non-isolated converters and seven typical isolated converters are comprehensively evaluated by using this evaluation system.On this basis,issues about DC–DC converters for hybrid energy storage system are discussed,and some suggestions for the future research directions of DC–DC converters are proposed.The optimization of bidirectional DC–DC converters for hybrid energy storage system from the perspectives of wide bandgap device application,electromagnetic compatibility technology and converter fault diagnosis strategies is the main research direction.
