On the basis of the relationship between the carbonate content and the stratal velocity and density, an exercise has been attempted using an artificial neural network on high-resolution seismic data for inversion of c...On the basis of the relationship between the carbonate content and the stratal velocity and density, an exercise has been attempted using an artificial neural network on high-resolution seismic data for inversion of carbonate content with limited well measarements as a control. The method was applied to the slope area of the northern South China Sea near ODP Sites 1146 and 1148, and the results are satisfaetory. Before inversion calculation, a stepwise regression method was applied to obtain six properties related most closely to the carbonate content variations among the various properties on the seismic profiles across or near the wells. These include the average frequency, the integrated absolute amplitude, the dominant frequency, the reflection time, the derivative instantaneous amplitude, and the instantaneous frequency. The results, with carbonate content errors of mostly ±5 % relative to those measured from sediment samples, show a relatively accurate picture of carbonate distribution along the slope profile. This method pioneers a new quantitative model to acquire carbonate content variations directly from high-resolution seismic data. It will provide a new approach toward obtaining substitutive high-resolution sediment data for earth system studies related to basin evolution, especially in discussing the coupling between regional sedimentation and climate change.展开更多
Based on the current situation of studying the thermodynamic property of Fe-C-Cr melt using the carbon saturated solubility, an experimental data treatment method of the carbon saturated solubility was put forward. Wi...Based on the current situation of studying the thermodynamic property of Fe-C-Cr melt using the carbon saturated solubility, an experimental data treatment method of the carbon saturated solubility was put forward. With this method a linear relationship ex- pression of the carbon saturated solubility in Fe-C-Cr melt was obtained, which intercept is dependent on temperature and independent of third component [Cr], but which slope is dependent on third component [Cr] and independent of temperature. Through this expression activity interaction coefficients at different temperatures were calculated and the relationship between activity interaction coefficients and temperature is also obtained.展开更多
Activity data and emission factors are critical for estimating greenhouse gas emissions and devising effective climate change mitigation strategies. This study developed the activity data and emission factor in the Fo...Activity data and emission factors are critical for estimating greenhouse gas emissions and devising effective climate change mitigation strategies. This study developed the activity data and emission factor in the Forestry and Other Land Use Change (FOLU) subsector in Malawi. The results indicate that “forestland to cropland,” and “wetland to cropland,” were the major land use changes from the year 2000 to the year 2022. The forestland steadily declined at a rate of 13,591 ha (0.5%) per annum. Similarly, grassland declined at the rate of 1651 ha (0.5%) per annum. On the other hand, cropland, wetland, and settlements steadily increased at the rate of 8228 ha (0.14%);5257 ha (0.17%);and 1941 ha (8.1%) per annum, respectively. Furthermore, the results indicate that the “grassland to forestland” changes were higher than the “forestland to grassland” changes, suggesting that forest regrowth was occurring. On the emission factor, the results interestingly indicate that there was a significant increase in carbon sequestration in the FOLU subsector from the year 2011 to 2022. Carbon sequestration increased annually by 13.66 ± 0.17 tCO<sub>2</sub> e/ha/yr (4.6%), with an uncertainty of 2.44%. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is potential for a Carbon market in Malawi.展开更多
基金This paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation ofChina(Nos.40476030,40576031)andthe National Key Basic ResearchSpecial Foundation Project of China(No.G2000078501).
文摘On the basis of the relationship between the carbonate content and the stratal velocity and density, an exercise has been attempted using an artificial neural network on high-resolution seismic data for inversion of carbonate content with limited well measarements as a control. The method was applied to the slope area of the northern South China Sea near ODP Sites 1146 and 1148, and the results are satisfaetory. Before inversion calculation, a stepwise regression method was applied to obtain six properties related most closely to the carbonate content variations among the various properties on the seismic profiles across or near the wells. These include the average frequency, the integrated absolute amplitude, the dominant frequency, the reflection time, the derivative instantaneous amplitude, and the instantaneous frequency. The results, with carbonate content errors of mostly ±5 % relative to those measured from sediment samples, show a relatively accurate picture of carbonate distribution along the slope profile. This method pioneers a new quantitative model to acquire carbonate content variations directly from high-resolution seismic data. It will provide a new approach toward obtaining substitutive high-resolution sediment data for earth system studies related to basin evolution, especially in discussing the coupling between regional sedimentation and climate change.
文摘Based on the current situation of studying the thermodynamic property of Fe-C-Cr melt using the carbon saturated solubility, an experimental data treatment method of the carbon saturated solubility was put forward. With this method a linear relationship ex- pression of the carbon saturated solubility in Fe-C-Cr melt was obtained, which intercept is dependent on temperature and independent of third component [Cr], but which slope is dependent on third component [Cr] and independent of temperature. Through this expression activity interaction coefficients at different temperatures were calculated and the relationship between activity interaction coefficients and temperature is also obtained.
文摘Activity data and emission factors are critical for estimating greenhouse gas emissions and devising effective climate change mitigation strategies. This study developed the activity data and emission factor in the Forestry and Other Land Use Change (FOLU) subsector in Malawi. The results indicate that “forestland to cropland,” and “wetland to cropland,” were the major land use changes from the year 2000 to the year 2022. The forestland steadily declined at a rate of 13,591 ha (0.5%) per annum. Similarly, grassland declined at the rate of 1651 ha (0.5%) per annum. On the other hand, cropland, wetland, and settlements steadily increased at the rate of 8228 ha (0.14%);5257 ha (0.17%);and 1941 ha (8.1%) per annum, respectively. Furthermore, the results indicate that the “grassland to forestland” changes were higher than the “forestland to grassland” changes, suggesting that forest regrowth was occurring. On the emission factor, the results interestingly indicate that there was a significant increase in carbon sequestration in the FOLU subsector from the year 2011 to 2022. Carbon sequestration increased annually by 13.66 ± 0.17 tCO<sub>2</sub> e/ha/yr (4.6%), with an uncertainty of 2.44%. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is potential for a Carbon market in Malawi.
