Parasitic interface side reactions and uncontrollable Zn deposition seriously erode the cycling performance of aqueous zinc ion batteries,thus impeding the large-scale application.Herein,an organic acid molecule with ...Parasitic interface side reactions and uncontrollable Zn deposition seriously erode the cycling performance of aqueous zinc ion batteries,thus impeding the large-scale application.Herein,an organic acid molecule with a unique molecular structure,camphorsulfonic acid(CSA),is first proposed to remodel the interface microenvironment as an electrolyte additive.The proton provided by CSA can neutralize the hydroxide ions generated by side reactions and inhibit the accumulation of alkaline by-products.The sulfonic acid groups are firmly adsorbed on the Zn anode surface,thereby enabling the regulation of interfacial species.Specifically,oxygen-containing functional groups combined with hydrophobic rigid carbon rings achieve a water-poor interface environment and promote the transfer of Zn^(2+),providing a suitable environment for Zn deposition.As a result,Zn//Zn symmetrical battery can run for over 2800 h(2 mA cm^(-2)-2 mAh cm^(-2)),demonstrating 28-times lifespan compared to the battery without CSA.Furthermore,Zn//KVO full cell presents excellent performance of 800 cycles at 3 A g^(-1).Besides,the pouch cell with CSA can also operate a capacity of 153.8 mAh after 60 cycles at 0.5 A g^(-1) with96.5%capacity retention rate.This work provides an organism-inspired additive selection for stabilizing the interface chemistry of the Zn anode.展开更多
This paper solves the problem of model-free dual-arm space robot maneuvering after non-cooperative target capture under high control quality requirements.The explicit system model is unavailable,and the maneuvering mi...This paper solves the problem of model-free dual-arm space robot maneuvering after non-cooperative target capture under high control quality requirements.The explicit system model is unavailable,and the maneuvering mission is disturbed by the measurement noise and the target adversarial behavior.To address these problems,a model-free Combined Adaptive-length Datadriven Predictive Controller(CADPC)is proposed.It consists of a separated subsystem identification method and a combined predictive control strategy.The subsystem identification method is composed of an adaptive data length,thereby reducing sensitivity to undetermined measurement noises and disturbances.Based on the subsystem identification,the combined predictive controller is established,reducing calculating resource.The stability of the CADPC is rigorously proven using the Input-to-State Stable(ISS)theorem and the small-gain theorem.Simulations demonstrate that CADPC effectively handles the model-free space robot post operation in the presence of significant disturbances,state measurement noise,and control input errors.It achieves improved steady-state accuracy,reduced steady-state control consumption,and minimized control input chattering.展开更多
CO_(2) capture and utilization(CCU)technologies have been recognized as crucial strategies for mitigating global warming,reducing carbon emission,and promoting resource circularity.As such,the design and development o...CO_(2) capture and utilization(CCU)technologies have been recognized as crucial strategies for mitigating global warming,reducing carbon emission,and promoting resource circularity.As such,the design and development of related materials have attracted considerable research attention.Carbon-based materials,characterized by tunable pore structures,abundant active sites,high specific surface area,and excellent chemical stability,demonstrate significant potential for applications in CO_(2) capture and utilization.This review systematically analyzes the adsorption behaviors and performance variations of typical carbon materials,including activated carbon,porous carbon,graphene,and carbon nanotubes during CO_(2) capture processes.Concerning CO_(2) utilization,emphasis is placed on recent advances in the catalytic applications of carbon-based materials in key reactions such as methanation,reverse water-gas shift,dry reforming of methane,and alcohol synthesis.Moreover,the benefits and drawbacks of carbon materials in terms of CO_(2) adsorption capacity,catalytic activity,and stability are thoroughly evaluated,and their potential applications in integrated CO_(2) capture and utilization technologies are discussed.Finally,key strategies for enhancing the performance of carbonaceous materials through structural modulation and surface modification are elucidated.This review aims to provide theoretical guidance for the future development and large-scale implementation of carbon-based materials in CCU technologies.展开更多
The capture of atmospheric carbon dioxide by adsorbents is an important strategy to deal with the greenhouse effect.Compared with traditional CO_(2) adsorption materials like activated carbon,silica gel,and zeolite mo...The capture of atmospheric carbon dioxide by adsorbents is an important strategy to deal with the greenhouse effect.Compared with traditional CO_(2) adsorption materials like activated carbon,silica gel,and zeolite molecular sieves,covalent organic frameworks(COFs)have excellent thermal and chemical stabilities and can be produced in many different forms.Using their different possible construction units,ordered structures for specific applications can be produced,giving them broad prospects in fields such as gas storage.This review analyzes the different types of COFs that have been synthesized and their different methods of CO_(2) capture.It then discusses different ways to increase CO_(2) adsorption by changing the internal structure of COFs and modifying their surfaces.The limitations of COF-derived carbon materials in CO_(2) capture are reviewed and,finally,the key role of machine learning and computational simulation in improving CO_(2) adsorption is mentioned,and the current status and future possible uses of COFs are summarized.展开更多
The capture zones of the continuous and pulsed guidance laws in the pursuit-evasion game are analytically discussed in this paper to provide deep insights into the capturability distinction between the continuous guid...The capture zones of the continuous and pulsed guidance laws in the pursuit-evasion game are analytically discussed in this paper to provide deep insights into the capturability distinction between the continuous guidance law and the pulsed guidance law.Specifically,first,in the pursuit-evasion game,various capture cases are defined regarding the Zero-Effort Miss distance(ZEM)to facilitate the capturability analysis.Then,for both the evader and the pursuer,the Linear-Quadratic Differential Game(LQDG)guidance laws concerning the continuous acceleration and the pulsed acceleration are converted into a unified form.In each capture case,the optimal solution existence conditions are derived,and the corresponding capture zones are formulated.The discussion on the capture zones shows that if the optimal solution exists,the distinction between the pulsed guidance law and the continuous guidance law can be neglected under small guidance effort weight.However,the capture zone of the continuous guidance law is larger than that of the pulsed guidance law with large pursuer guidance effort weight,but smaller with large evader guidance effort weight.Finally,various simulations are conducted to illustrate the distinction of the continuous and pulsed guidance laws,as well as the impact of the acceleration ratio and the time constant ratio on the capturability.展开更多
As atmospheric CO_(2) concentration continues to rise,carbon capture and utilization(CCU)technology has emerged as a critical strategy toward achieving carbon neutrality.CCU offers a dual advantage of mitigating CO_(2...As atmospheric CO_(2) concentration continues to rise,carbon capture and utilization(CCU)technology has emerged as a critical strategy toward achieving carbon neutrality.CCU offers a dual advantage of mitigating CO_(2) emissions while producing value-added chemicals and fuels.However,conventional CCU strategies typically decouple the CO_(2) capture and electrochemical conversion processes,resulting in increased system complexity,higher energy demands,and limited economic viability.Building an integrated system of CO_(2) capture and in-situ electroreduction can bridge the technological gap,reduce costs,and ultimately enhance carbon cycle efficiency.In this review,we highlight recent advances in CO_(2) capture and in-situ electroreduction technologies.We first evaluate the strengths and limitations of conventional CCU technologies and the emerging CO_(2) capture and direct utilization technologies.Subsequently,we summarize the breakthroughs in multifunctional catalyst systems and key catalyst optimization strategies,and analyze the mechanisms behind the performance improvement.Meanwhile,we also discuss the application progress of in-situ techniques and theoretical calculations in CO_(2) capture and in-situ electroreduction.Finally,we outline the unresolved scientific and engineering challenges and propose future research directions to accelerate the development of CO_(2) capture and in-situ electroreduction.展开更多
A batch of important national standards for CCUS released.Recently,State Administration for Market Regulation(SAMR)and National Standardization Administration of China(SAC)released 12 national standards for carbon cap...A batch of important national standards for CCUS released.Recently,State Administration for Market Regulation(SAMR)and National Standardization Administration of China(SAC)released 12 national standards for carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS),which will come into effect on July 1,2026.展开更多
Ship operations are crucial to global trade,and their decarbonization is essential to mitigate climate change.This study evaluates the economic viability of existing and emerging decarbonization technologies in mariti...Ship operations are crucial to global trade,and their decarbonization is essential to mitigate climate change.This study evaluates the economic viability of existing and emerging decarbonization technologies in maritime shipping using the levelized cost of energy methodology.It includes a detailed comparative analysis based on essential criteria and sensitivity assessments to highlight the economic impacts of technological advancements.Key factors influencing total costs include fuel costs,carbon pricing,and energy demands for carbon capture.The findings reveal that methanol is more cost-effective than heavy fuel oil(HFO)when priced below 3000 CNY/t,assuming HFO costs 4400 CNY/t.Additionally,methanol with post-combustion carbon capture is less expensive than pre-combustion carbon capture.When carbon prices rise above 480 CNY/t,carbon capture technologies prove more economical than purchasing carbon emission allowances for HFO and liquefied natural gas.Enhanc-ing the use of exhaust gas waste heat is recommended for cost savings.Post-combustion carbon capture also shows greater efficiency,requiring about 1.1 GJ/t less energy than pre-combustion methods,leading to lower overall costs.Future research should focus on market mechanisms to stabilize fuel prices and develop less energy-intensive carbon capture technologies.This study offers critical insights into effective decarbonization strategies for advancing global maritime trade in the present and future.展开更多
The net capturing method holds great potential for space debris removal due to its adaptability to the various target shapes and high fault tolerance.However,the capture mechanisms of current rope nets,which rely sole...The net capturing method holds great potential for space debris removal due to its adaptability to the various target shapes and high fault tolerance.However,the capture mechanisms of current rope nets,which rely solely on a passive wrap-ping mechanism,limit their capacity to capture objects within a specific size range and make it challenging to handle unexpected situations.Inspired by spider webs,which combine wrapping and adhering to capture prey of various sizes,we present a new type of net(envelope diameter:208.49 mm)for on-orbit capture.This net adopts a spiral symmetric structure similar to spider webs,incorporates electrostatic-microstructure hybrid adhesives,and increases the maximum contact area by 38.31%,allowing it to capture debris ranging from fragments smaller than the mesh size(envelope diam-eter:2.7 mm-4.4 mm)to larger objects(envelope diameter:270 mm),and effectively grasps flexible items(450 mm2),planar items(350 mm2)and three-dimensional items(160 mm3).Moreover,to validate the net's capability for wrapping and adhesion,simulations and experiments are demonstrated that this dual capture method can effectively handle various targets.展开更多
Nanoporous carbon materials were synthesized from asphaltenes using a thermo-chemical treatment under an inert atmosphere and in-situ KOH activation.N-doping was also employed in certain samples to reveal the impact o...Nanoporous carbon materials were synthesized from asphaltenes using a thermo-chemical treatment under an inert atmosphere and in-situ KOH activation.N-doping was also employed in certain samples to reveal the impact of nitrogen on the properties of materials.The synthesized materials were fully characterized to disclose their textural properties,structural parameters,surface functional groups,elemental compositions,and morphologies.Textural property analysis revealed a remarkable increase in surface areas after alkaline treatment(~1500-2000 m^(2)/g),which was mainly ascribed to the formation of micro-and mesopores.The measurements of structural parameters endorse and complement the findings on textural properties.The asphaltene-derived porous carbons have been employed in energy storage and carbon capture applications.The materials exhibit specific capacitances ranging from 130 to 180 F/g at 0.2 A/g in a 3 M KOH.These results suggest that nitrogen doping significantly enhances the pseudocapacitive behavior of the electroactive materials by promoting Fara-daic redox reactions and improving ion diffusion and adsorption rates.Asphaltene-derived porous carbons also exhibit notable CO_(2)adsorption capacities of 3-4 mmol/g at 25◦C and 1 bar.Also,breakthrough experiments confirm that the N-doped material exhibits remarkable stability,reusability,and increased surface basicity,achieving an impressive CO_(2)uptake of 0.446 mmol/g.These results highlight the potential of asphaltene-based porous carbons as efficient materials for carbon capture and energy storage applications.展开更多
Patients affected by monogenic diseases impose a substantial burden on both themselves and their families.The primary preventive measure,i.e.,invasive prenatal diagnosis,carries a risk of miscarriage and cannot be per...Patients affected by monogenic diseases impose a substantial burden on both themselves and their families.The primary preventive measure,i.e.,invasive prenatal diagnosis,carries a risk of miscarriage and cannot be performed early in pregnancy.Hence,there is a need for non-invasive prenatal testing(NIPT)for monogenic diseases.By utilizing enriched cell-free fetal DNA(cffDNA)from maternal plasma,we refine the NIPT method,which combines targeted region capture technology,haplotyping,and analysis of informative site frequency.We apply this method to 93 clinical families at genetic risk for thalassemia,encompassing various genetic variant types,to establish a workflow and evaluate its efficiency.Our approach requires only 3 ng of DNA input to generate 0.1 Gb informative target genomic data and leverages a minimum of 3%cffDNA.This method has a 98.16%success rate and 100%concordance with conventional invasive methods.Furthermore,we demonstrate the ability to analyze fetal genotypes as early as eight weeks of gestation.This study establishes an optimized NIPT method for the early detection of various thalassemia disorders during pregnancy.This technique demonstrates high accuracy and potential for clinical application in prenatal diagnosis.展开更多
An analytical model of a floating heaving box integrated with a vertical flexible porous membrane placed right next to the box applications to wave energy extraction and breakwater systems is developed under the reduc...An analytical model of a floating heaving box integrated with a vertical flexible porous membrane placed right next to the box applications to wave energy extraction and breakwater systems is developed under the reduced wave equation.The theoretical solutions for the heave radiating potential to the assigned physical model in the corresponding zones are attained by using the separation of variables approach along with the Fourier expansion.Applying the matching eigenfunction expansion technique and orthogonal conditions,the unknown coefficients that are involved in the radiated potentials are determined.The attained radiation potential allows the computation of hydrodynamic coefficients of the heaving buoy,Power Take-Off damping,and wave quantities.The accuracy of the analytical solution for the hydrodynamic coefficients is demonstrated for different oblique angles with varying numbers of terms in the series solution.The current analytical analysis findings are confirmed by existing published numerical boundary element method simulations.Several numerical results of the hydrodynamic coefficients,power capture,power take-off optimal damping,and transmission coefficients for numerous structural and physical aspects are conducted.It has been noted that the ideal power take-off damping increases as the angle of incidence rises,and the analysis suggests that the ability to capture waves is more effective in shallower waters compared to deeper ones.展开更多
Unsecured legacy wells pose significant risks to carbon capture and storage(CCS)as they present potential leakage pathways for stored CO_(2) to return to the atmosphere.In the UK,legacy wells must be assessed for a ca...Unsecured legacy wells pose significant risks to carbon capture and storage(CCS)as they present potential leakage pathways for stored CO_(2) to return to the atmosphere.In the UK,legacy wells must be assessed for a carbon storage permit to be granted and high-risk wells require costly remediation.We use a well risk assessment scheme to evaluate the risk of wells in the Southern North Sea.We then combine our well risk assessment with investigation using the analytical tool CO2BLOCK,which relies on a gravity current model to estimate pressure and plume migration distances.We evaluate the Viking,Camelot and Poseidon projects,which plan to inject CO_(2) into the depleted reservoirs of Southern North Sea gas fields.Carbon dioxide plumes are typically several kilometers wide,and it should be possible to avoid plume migration to high-risk legacy wells.In contrast,pressure fields produced by CO_(2) injection are tens of kilometers wide and low magnitude pressure increases frequently extend beyond the bounds of storage licence areas.The pressure fields encounter hundreds of wells and in the cases of the Camelot and Poseidon projects,interact with each other.展开更多
Engineering the pore structure of biomass-derived activated carbons is critical for optimizing their performance in adsorptionbased applications.This study demonstrates for the first time that washing hydrochars in so...Engineering the pore structure of biomass-derived activated carbons is critical for optimizing their performance in adsorptionbased applications.This study demonstrates for the first time that washing hydrochars in solvents of different polarity before activation is a simple yet powerful strategy to tailor pore size distribution.Hydrochar is produced from spent coffee grounds via hydrothermal carbonization,followed by washing in various solvents and activation in KOH.This results in carbons with a very large surface area(~2700 m^(2)/g),and washing is demonstrated to significantly increase product yield.Furthermore,washing in non-polar or mixed-polarity solvents removes long-chain carboxylic acids and esters from the hydrochar,promoting the development of narrow micropores while suppressing mesopore formation.To illustrate the impact of this structural control of porous carbons,post-combustion CO_(2)capture is investigated as a case study.Narrower pore size distribution enhances CO_(2)uptake,significantly improving capacity from 2.8 mmol/g for unwashed samples to 3.8 mmol/g for acetone-washed samples.Interestingly,moderate pore size(9-12Å)is shown to be optimal for CO_(2):N2 selectivity,while smaller pores result in lower selectivity due to stronger interactions between N2 and the pore walls.These findings highlight the potential role of solvent washing in directing pore architecture of hydrochars for adsorption-based carbon capture technologies and beyond.展开更多
The utilization of solid wastes to prepare Li_(4)SiO_(4) based CO_(2) adsorbents and thermochemical energy storage(TES)materials has recently garnered significant interest.Considering practical application conditions,...The utilization of solid wastes to prepare Li_(4)SiO_(4) based CO_(2) adsorbents and thermochemical energy storage(TES)materials has recently garnered significant interest.Considering practical application conditions,the influence of CO_(2) concentration and temperature fluctuations on adsorbent performance remains a key research focus.Among various waste materials,waste clay bricks are particularly suitable for Li_(4)SiO_(4) synthesis due to their high SiO_(2) content(60% to 70%),while enabling waste valorization.Furthermore,it has been demonstrated that heteroatoms present in the waste materials positively in-fluence the CO_(2) adsorption performance of Li_(4)SiO_(4)-based adsorbents.In this study,Li_(4)SiO_(4) was syn thesized for the first time directly from waste clay bricks without pretreatment.Comprehensive characterization revealed that the resulting Li_(4)SiO_(4)-based adsorbent exhibits outstanding performance:a high CO_(2) capture capacity(27.9%(mass)),excellent cycling stability,and remarkable thermal energy storage capability(876.4 kJ·kg^(-1)).These superior properties position it as one of the most promising high-temperature adsorbents for simultaneous CO_(2) capture and thermal energy storage(TES)from fossil fuel flue gase.Moreover,the adsorbent maintained excellent stability under fluctuating temper-ature and CO_(2) concentration.Even at 20%(vol)CO_(2) and 500℃,it achieved a high capacity of 25.7%(mass),reaching equilibrium within 15 min.This CO_(2) capture performance is truly impressive.展开更多
The single electron capture processes in Si^(3,4+)+He collisions have been investigated theoretically employing the two-center atomic orbital close-coupling method in the energy range 0.01-100 keV/u.Total and state-se...The single electron capture processes in Si^(3,4+)+He collisions have been investigated theoretically employing the two-center atomic orbital close-coupling method in the energy range 0.01-100 keV/u.Total and state-selective electron capture cross sections for the dominant and subdominant reaction channels are calculated and compared with the available experimental and theoretical data.For the total charge transfer cross sections,the present results show better agreements with the available experimental data than the other theoretical ones in the overlapping energy region for both collision systems.For the state-selective cross sections,the present results for 3s and 3p states are in general agreement with the previous MOCC results in the low energy region for both collision systems.Furthermore,the cross sections for electron captured to the 3d,4l and 5l(l=0,1,...,n-1)states of Si^(2+)and Si^(3+)ions are first provided in a broad energy region in our work.These results are useful for the investigations in astrophysics.The datasets presented in this paper,including the total and state-selective electron capture cross sections of Si^(3,4+)+He collisions in 0.01-100 ke V/u,are openly available at https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00257.展开更多
A man was walking along a street one day when a happy-looking young girl went by him skipping and jumping along to a rhythm.Swayed by her happiness,the man couldn't help imitating her and began skipping ahead.At t...A man was walking along a street one day when a happy-looking young girl went by him skipping and jumping along to a rhythm.Swayed by her happiness,the man couldn't help imitating her and began skipping ahead.At that moment,the middle-aged man looked as joyful as a child.The seconds-long short video is loved by many Internet users.展开更多
Currently,the solid adsorbents with porous structure have been widely applied in CO_(2)capture.However,the unmodified MgO-ZrO_(2)adsorbents appeared to be low adsorption capacity of CO_(2).The solid adsorbent material...Currently,the solid adsorbents with porous structure have been widely applied in CO_(2)capture.However,the unmodified MgO-ZrO_(2)adsorbents appeared to be low adsorption capacity of CO_(2).The solid adsorbent materials were successfully synthesized by loading TEPA onto the pore MgO/ZrO_(2)carriers in the paper.The pore structure and surface characteristic of the samples were analyzed by using XRD,BET,FT-IR and SEM.The adsorbent materials exhibited microcrystalline state,and the crystallinity of all samples gradually decreased as the increase of TEPA content.The pore structure analysis indicated that the modification of MgO-ZrO_(2)adsorbents with TEPA led to the decrease of the specific surface areas,but the narrow micro-mesopore size distributions ranging from 1.8-12 nm in the adsorbents still were maintained.FT-IR spectrum results further verified the successful loading of TEPA.The adsorption capacity of the adsorbents for CO_(2)were tested by using an adsorption apparatus equipped with gas chromatography.The results indicated that when the TEPA loading reached 50%,the sample exhibited the maximum adsorption value for CO_(2),reaching 4.07 mmol/g under the operation condition of 75℃and atmospheric pressure.This result could be assigned to not only the base active sites but also the coexistence of both micropore and mesopore in the adsorbent.After three cycles tests for CO_(2)capture,the adsorption value of the sample for CO_(2)can also reached 95%of its original adsorption capacity,which verified the excellent cyclic operation stability.展开更多
Due to the greenhouse effect caused by carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission,much attention has been paid for the removal of CO_(2).Porous liquids(PLs),as new type of liquid materials,have obvious advantages in mass and heat...Due to the greenhouse effect caused by carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission,much attention has been paid for the removal of CO_(2).Porous liquids(PLs),as new type of liquid materials,have obvious advantages in mass and heat transfer,which are widely used in gas adsorption and sep-aration.Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)with merits like large surface area,inherent porous structure and adjustable topology have been considered as one of the best candidates for PLs construction.This review presents the state-of-the-art status on the fabrication strategy of MOFs-based PLs and their CO_(2) absorption and utilization performance,and the positive effects of porosity and functional modification on the absorption-desorption property,selectivity of target product,and regeneration ability are well summarized.Finally,the challenges and prospects for MOFs-based PLs in the optimization of preparation,the coupling of multiple removal techniques,the in situ characterization methods,the regeneration and cycle stability,the environmental impact as well as expansion of application are proposed.展开更多
The promotion of deep decarbonization in the cement industry is crucial for mitigating global climate change,a key component of which is carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)technology.Despite its importance,th...The promotion of deep decarbonization in the cement industry is crucial for mitigating global climate change,a key component of which is carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)technology.Despite its importance,there is a lack of empirical assessments of early opportunities for CCUS implementation in the cement sector.In this study,a comprehensive onshore and offshore source–sink matching optimization assessment framework for CCUS retrofitting in the cement industry,called the SSM-Cement framework,is proposed.The framework comprises four main modules:the cement plant suitability screening module,the storage site assessment module,the source–sink matching optimization model module,and the economic assessment module.By applying this framework to China,919 candidates are initially screened from 1132 existing cement plants.Further,603 CCUS-ready cement plants are identified,and are found to achieve a cumulative emission reduction of 18.5 Gt CO_(2) from 2030 to 2060 by meeting the CCUS feasibility conditions for constructing both onshore and offshore CO_(2) transportation routes.The levelized cost of cement(LCOC)is found to range from 30 to 96(mean 73)USD·(t cement)^(-1),while the levelized carbon avoidance cost(LCAC)ranges from^(-5) to 140(mean 88)USD·(t CO_(2))^(-1).The northeastern and northwestern regions of China are considered priority areas for CCUS implementation,with the LCAC concentrated in the range of 35 to 70 USD·(t CO_(2))^(-1).In addition to onshore storage of 15.8 Gt CO_(2) from 2030 to 2060,offshore storage would contribute 2.7 Gt of decarbonization for coastal cement plants,with comparable LCACs around 90 USD·(t CO_(2))^(-1).展开更多
基金financially supported by The Excellent Youth Project of the Education Department of Hunan Province(No.24B0008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52377222)。
文摘Parasitic interface side reactions and uncontrollable Zn deposition seriously erode the cycling performance of aqueous zinc ion batteries,thus impeding the large-scale application.Herein,an organic acid molecule with a unique molecular structure,camphorsulfonic acid(CSA),is first proposed to remodel the interface microenvironment as an electrolyte additive.The proton provided by CSA can neutralize the hydroxide ions generated by side reactions and inhibit the accumulation of alkaline by-products.The sulfonic acid groups are firmly adsorbed on the Zn anode surface,thereby enabling the regulation of interfacial species.Specifically,oxygen-containing functional groups combined with hydrophobic rigid carbon rings achieve a water-poor interface environment and promote the transfer of Zn^(2+),providing a suitable environment for Zn deposition.As a result,Zn//Zn symmetrical battery can run for over 2800 h(2 mA cm^(-2)-2 mAh cm^(-2)),demonstrating 28-times lifespan compared to the battery without CSA.Furthermore,Zn//KVO full cell presents excellent performance of 800 cycles at 3 A g^(-1).Besides,the pouch cell with CSA can also operate a capacity of 153.8 mAh after 60 cycles at 0.5 A g^(-1) with96.5%capacity retention rate.This work provides an organism-inspired additive selection for stabilizing the interface chemistry of the Zn anode.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12372045)the National Key Research and the Development Program of China(Nos.2023YFC2205900,2023YFC2205901)。
文摘This paper solves the problem of model-free dual-arm space robot maneuvering after non-cooperative target capture under high control quality requirements.The explicit system model is unavailable,and the maneuvering mission is disturbed by the measurement noise and the target adversarial behavior.To address these problems,a model-free Combined Adaptive-length Datadriven Predictive Controller(CADPC)is proposed.It consists of a separated subsystem identification method and a combined predictive control strategy.The subsystem identification method is composed of an adaptive data length,thereby reducing sensitivity to undetermined measurement noises and disturbances.Based on the subsystem identification,the combined predictive controller is established,reducing calculating resource.The stability of the CADPC is rigorously proven using the Input-to-State Stable(ISS)theorem and the small-gain theorem.Simulations demonstrate that CADPC effectively handles the model-free space robot post operation in the presence of significant disturbances,state measurement noise,and control input errors.It achieves improved steady-state accuracy,reduced steady-state control consumption,and minimized control input chattering.
基金Supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2025YFE0109700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52106150)。
文摘CO_(2) capture and utilization(CCU)technologies have been recognized as crucial strategies for mitigating global warming,reducing carbon emission,and promoting resource circularity.As such,the design and development of related materials have attracted considerable research attention.Carbon-based materials,characterized by tunable pore structures,abundant active sites,high specific surface area,and excellent chemical stability,demonstrate significant potential for applications in CO_(2) capture and utilization.This review systematically analyzes the adsorption behaviors and performance variations of typical carbon materials,including activated carbon,porous carbon,graphene,and carbon nanotubes during CO_(2) capture processes.Concerning CO_(2) utilization,emphasis is placed on recent advances in the catalytic applications of carbon-based materials in key reactions such as methanation,reverse water-gas shift,dry reforming of methane,and alcohol synthesis.Moreover,the benefits and drawbacks of carbon materials in terms of CO_(2) adsorption capacity,catalytic activity,and stability are thoroughly evaluated,and their potential applications in integrated CO_(2) capture and utilization technologies are discussed.Finally,key strategies for enhancing the performance of carbonaceous materials through structural modulation and surface modification are elucidated.This review aims to provide theoretical guidance for the future development and large-scale implementation of carbon-based materials in CCU technologies.
文摘The capture of atmospheric carbon dioxide by adsorbents is an important strategy to deal with the greenhouse effect.Compared with traditional CO_(2) adsorption materials like activated carbon,silica gel,and zeolite molecular sieves,covalent organic frameworks(COFs)have excellent thermal and chemical stabilities and can be produced in many different forms.Using their different possible construction units,ordered structures for specific applications can be produced,giving them broad prospects in fields such as gas storage.This review analyzes the different types of COFs that have been synthesized and their different methods of CO_(2) capture.It then discusses different ways to increase CO_(2) adsorption by changing the internal structure of COFs and modifying their surfaces.The limitations of COF-derived carbon materials in CO_(2) capture are reviewed and,finally,the key role of machine learning and computational simulation in improving CO_(2) adsorption is mentioned,and the current status and future possible uses of COFs are summarized.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U24B20157,62203031)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality,China(No.4242041)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(No.LY24F030002)the Aeronautical ScienceFoundation of China(No.2024Z066051001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China。
文摘The capture zones of the continuous and pulsed guidance laws in the pursuit-evasion game are analytically discussed in this paper to provide deep insights into the capturability distinction between the continuous guidance law and the pulsed guidance law.Specifically,first,in the pursuit-evasion game,various capture cases are defined regarding the Zero-Effort Miss distance(ZEM)to facilitate the capturability analysis.Then,for both the evader and the pursuer,the Linear-Quadratic Differential Game(LQDG)guidance laws concerning the continuous acceleration and the pulsed acceleration are converted into a unified form.In each capture case,the optimal solution existence conditions are derived,and the corresponding capture zones are formulated.The discussion on the capture zones shows that if the optimal solution exists,the distinction between the pulsed guidance law and the continuous guidance law can be neglected under small guidance effort weight.However,the capture zone of the continuous guidance law is larger than that of the pulsed guidance law with large pursuer guidance effort weight,but smaller with large evader guidance effort weight.Finally,various simulations are conducted to illustrate the distinction of the continuous and pulsed guidance laws,as well as the impact of the acceleration ratio and the time constant ratio on the capturability.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(No.52470113 and 52225003,52300125)the 55Engineering Research&Innovation Team Project of Beijing Forestry University(No.BLRC2023B04)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(QNTD202506)。
文摘As atmospheric CO_(2) concentration continues to rise,carbon capture and utilization(CCU)technology has emerged as a critical strategy toward achieving carbon neutrality.CCU offers a dual advantage of mitigating CO_(2) emissions while producing value-added chemicals and fuels.However,conventional CCU strategies typically decouple the CO_(2) capture and electrochemical conversion processes,resulting in increased system complexity,higher energy demands,and limited economic viability.Building an integrated system of CO_(2) capture and in-situ electroreduction can bridge the technological gap,reduce costs,and ultimately enhance carbon cycle efficiency.In this review,we highlight recent advances in CO_(2) capture and in-situ electroreduction technologies.We first evaluate the strengths and limitations of conventional CCU technologies and the emerging CO_(2) capture and direct utilization technologies.Subsequently,we summarize the breakthroughs in multifunctional catalyst systems and key catalyst optimization strategies,and analyze the mechanisms behind the performance improvement.Meanwhile,we also discuss the application progress of in-situ techniques and theoretical calculations in CO_(2) capture and in-situ electroreduction.Finally,we outline the unresolved scientific and engineering challenges and propose future research directions to accelerate the development of CO_(2) capture and in-situ electroreduction.
文摘A batch of important national standards for CCUS released.Recently,State Administration for Market Regulation(SAMR)and National Standardization Administration of China(SAC)released 12 national standards for carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS),which will come into effect on July 1,2026.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3701500)the Key R&D Plan Projects of Zhejiang Province(No.2024SSYS0072)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.LDT23E0601).
文摘Ship operations are crucial to global trade,and their decarbonization is essential to mitigate climate change.This study evaluates the economic viability of existing and emerging decarbonization technologies in maritime shipping using the levelized cost of energy methodology.It includes a detailed comparative analysis based on essential criteria and sensitivity assessments to highlight the economic impacts of technological advancements.Key factors influencing total costs include fuel costs,carbon pricing,and energy demands for carbon capture.The findings reveal that methanol is more cost-effective than heavy fuel oil(HFO)when priced below 3000 CNY/t,assuming HFO costs 4400 CNY/t.Additionally,methanol with post-combustion carbon capture is less expensive than pre-combustion carbon capture.When carbon prices rise above 480 CNY/t,carbon capture technologies prove more economical than purchasing carbon emission allowances for HFO and liquefied natural gas.Enhanc-ing the use of exhaust gas waste heat is recommended for cost savings.Post-combustion carbon capture also shows greater efficiency,requiring about 1.1 GJ/t less energy than pre-combustion methods,leading to lower overall costs.Future research should focus on market mechanisms to stabilize fuel prices and develop less energy-intensive carbon capture technologies.This study offers critical insights into effective decarbonization strategies for advancing global maritime trade in the present and future.
基金the New Chongqing Innovative Young Talent Project under Grant 2024NSCQ-qncxX0468Dreams Foundation of Jianghuai Advance Technology Center under Grant 2023-ZM01Z007.
文摘The net capturing method holds great potential for space debris removal due to its adaptability to the various target shapes and high fault tolerance.However,the capture mechanisms of current rope nets,which rely solely on a passive wrap-ping mechanism,limit their capacity to capture objects within a specific size range and make it challenging to handle unexpected situations.Inspired by spider webs,which combine wrapping and adhering to capture prey of various sizes,we present a new type of net(envelope diameter:208.49 mm)for on-orbit capture.This net adopts a spiral symmetric structure similar to spider webs,incorporates electrostatic-microstructure hybrid adhesives,and increases the maximum contact area by 38.31%,allowing it to capture debris ranging from fragments smaller than the mesh size(envelope diam-eter:2.7 mm-4.4 mm)to larger objects(envelope diameter:270 mm),and effectively grasps flexible items(450 mm2),planar items(350 mm2)and three-dimensional items(160 mm3).Moreover,to validate the net's capability for wrapping and adhesion,simulations and experiments are demonstrated that this dual capture method can effectively handle various targets.
基金financial support provided by Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research(KISR).
文摘Nanoporous carbon materials were synthesized from asphaltenes using a thermo-chemical treatment under an inert atmosphere and in-situ KOH activation.N-doping was also employed in certain samples to reveal the impact of nitrogen on the properties of materials.The synthesized materials were fully characterized to disclose their textural properties,structural parameters,surface functional groups,elemental compositions,and morphologies.Textural property analysis revealed a remarkable increase in surface areas after alkaline treatment(~1500-2000 m^(2)/g),which was mainly ascribed to the formation of micro-and mesopores.The measurements of structural parameters endorse and complement the findings on textural properties.The asphaltene-derived porous carbons have been employed in energy storage and carbon capture applications.The materials exhibit specific capacitances ranging from 130 to 180 F/g at 0.2 A/g in a 3 M KOH.These results suggest that nitrogen doping significantly enhances the pseudocapacitive behavior of the electroactive materials by promoting Fara-daic redox reactions and improving ion diffusion and adsorption rates.Asphaltene-derived porous carbons also exhibit notable CO_(2)adsorption capacities of 3-4 mmol/g at 25◦C and 1 bar.Also,breakthrough experiments confirm that the N-doped material exhibits remarkable stability,reusability,and increased surface basicity,achieving an impressive CO_(2)uptake of 0.446 mmol/g.These results highlight the potential of asphaltene-based porous carbons as efficient materials for carbon capture and energy storage applications.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFA1802300)the Major Science and Technology Program of Hainan Province(ZDKJ2021037)+4 种基金the Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20677)Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(ZDYF2020117,ZDY2024SHFZ143)Hainan Province Science and TechnologyProject(LCXY202102,LCYX202203,LCYX202301,LCYx202502)Innovative research project for postgraduate students in Hainan Medical University(HYYB2021A05)the Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center,and the specific research fund of The Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province(YSPTZX202310).
文摘Patients affected by monogenic diseases impose a substantial burden on both themselves and their families.The primary preventive measure,i.e.,invasive prenatal diagnosis,carries a risk of miscarriage and cannot be performed early in pregnancy.Hence,there is a need for non-invasive prenatal testing(NIPT)for monogenic diseases.By utilizing enriched cell-free fetal DNA(cffDNA)from maternal plasma,we refine the NIPT method,which combines targeted region capture technology,haplotyping,and analysis of informative site frequency.We apply this method to 93 clinical families at genetic risk for thalassemia,encompassing various genetic variant types,to establish a workflow and evaluate its efficiency.Our approach requires only 3 ng of DNA input to generate 0.1 Gb informative target genomic data and leverages a minimum of 3%cffDNA.This method has a 98.16%success rate and 100%concordance with conventional invasive methods.Furthermore,we demonstrate the ability to analyze fetal genotypes as early as eight weeks of gestation.This study establishes an optimized NIPT method for the early detection of various thalassemia disorders during pregnancy.This technique demonstrates high accuracy and potential for clinical application in prenatal diagnosis.
基金Open access funding provided by FCT|FCCN(b-on)the Strategic Research Plan of the Centre for Marine Technology and Ocean Engineering(CENTEC),which is financed by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology(Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia-FCT)under contract UIDB/UIDP/00134/2020.
文摘An analytical model of a floating heaving box integrated with a vertical flexible porous membrane placed right next to the box applications to wave energy extraction and breakwater systems is developed under the reduced wave equation.The theoretical solutions for the heave radiating potential to the assigned physical model in the corresponding zones are attained by using the separation of variables approach along with the Fourier expansion.Applying the matching eigenfunction expansion technique and orthogonal conditions,the unknown coefficients that are involved in the radiated potentials are determined.The attained radiation potential allows the computation of hydrodynamic coefficients of the heaving buoy,Power Take-Off damping,and wave quantities.The accuracy of the analytical solution for the hydrodynamic coefficients is demonstrated for different oblique angles with varying numbers of terms in the series solution.The current analytical analysis findings are confirmed by existing published numerical boundary element method simulations.Several numerical results of the hydrodynamic coefficients,power capture,power take-off optimal damping,and transmission coefficients for numerous structural and physical aspects are conducted.It has been noted that the ideal power take-off damping increases as the angle of incidence rises,and the analysis suggests that the ability to capture waves is more effective in shallower waters compared to deeper ones.
基金supported by the Natural Environment Research Council[grant number NE/S007415/1]Shell as iCASE sponsors。
文摘Unsecured legacy wells pose significant risks to carbon capture and storage(CCS)as they present potential leakage pathways for stored CO_(2) to return to the atmosphere.In the UK,legacy wells must be assessed for a carbon storage permit to be granted and high-risk wells require costly remediation.We use a well risk assessment scheme to evaluate the risk of wells in the Southern North Sea.We then combine our well risk assessment with investigation using the analytical tool CO2BLOCK,which relies on a gravity current model to estimate pressure and plume migration distances.We evaluate the Viking,Camelot and Poseidon projects,which plan to inject CO_(2) into the depleted reservoirs of Southern North Sea gas fields.Carbon dioxide plumes are typically several kilometers wide,and it should be possible to avoid plume migration to high-risk legacy wells.In contrast,pressure fields produced by CO_(2) injection are tens of kilometers wide and low magnitude pressure increases frequently extend beyond the bounds of storage licence areas.The pressure fields encounter hundreds of wells and in the cases of the Camelot and Poseidon projects,interact with each other.
基金supported by JST,grant number JPMJFS2132JST SPRING,grant number JPMJSP2136by an external research grant from Mitsubishi Fuso Truck&Bus Corporation。
文摘Engineering the pore structure of biomass-derived activated carbons is critical for optimizing their performance in adsorptionbased applications.This study demonstrates for the first time that washing hydrochars in solvents of different polarity before activation is a simple yet powerful strategy to tailor pore size distribution.Hydrochar is produced from spent coffee grounds via hydrothermal carbonization,followed by washing in various solvents and activation in KOH.This results in carbons with a very large surface area(~2700 m^(2)/g),and washing is demonstrated to significantly increase product yield.Furthermore,washing in non-polar or mixed-polarity solvents removes long-chain carboxylic acids and esters from the hydrochar,promoting the development of narrow micropores while suppressing mesopore formation.To illustrate the impact of this structural control of porous carbons,post-combustion CO_(2)capture is investigated as a case study.Narrower pore size distribution enhances CO_(2)uptake,significantly improving capacity from 2.8 mmol/g for unwashed samples to 3.8 mmol/g for acetone-washed samples.Interestingly,moderate pore size(9-12Å)is shown to be optimal for CO_(2):N2 selectivity,while smaller pores result in lower selectivity due to stronger interactions between N2 and the pore walls.These findings highlight the potential role of solvent washing in directing pore architecture of hydrochars for adsorption-based carbon capture technologies and beyond.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(5240101142)Yunnan Province basic research project(202401CF070252)+1 种基金the Key R&D plan of Yunnan Province(202303AC100008)the Scientific Researching Fund Projects of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(2025J0077),which funded this study。
文摘The utilization of solid wastes to prepare Li_(4)SiO_(4) based CO_(2) adsorbents and thermochemical energy storage(TES)materials has recently garnered significant interest.Considering practical application conditions,the influence of CO_(2) concentration and temperature fluctuations on adsorbent performance remains a key research focus.Among various waste materials,waste clay bricks are particularly suitable for Li_(4)SiO_(4) synthesis due to their high SiO_(2) content(60% to 70%),while enabling waste valorization.Furthermore,it has been demonstrated that heteroatoms present in the waste materials positively in-fluence the CO_(2) adsorption performance of Li_(4)SiO_(4)-based adsorbents.In this study,Li_(4)SiO_(4) was syn thesized for the first time directly from waste clay bricks without pretreatment.Comprehensive characterization revealed that the resulting Li_(4)SiO_(4)-based adsorbent exhibits outstanding performance:a high CO_(2) capture capacity(27.9%(mass)),excellent cycling stability,and remarkable thermal energy storage capability(876.4 kJ·kg^(-1)).These superior properties position it as one of the most promising high-temperature adsorbents for simultaneous CO_(2) capture and thermal energy storage(TES)from fossil fuel flue gase.Moreover,the adsorbent maintained excellent stability under fluctuating temper-ature and CO_(2) concentration.Even at 20%(vol)CO_(2) and 500℃,it achieved a high capacity of 25.7%(mass),reaching equilibrium within 15 min.This CO_(2) capture performance is truly impressive.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1602504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12274040 and U2430208)。
文摘The single electron capture processes in Si^(3,4+)+He collisions have been investigated theoretically employing the two-center atomic orbital close-coupling method in the energy range 0.01-100 keV/u.Total and state-selective electron capture cross sections for the dominant and subdominant reaction channels are calculated and compared with the available experimental and theoretical data.For the total charge transfer cross sections,the present results show better agreements with the available experimental data than the other theoretical ones in the overlapping energy region for both collision systems.For the state-selective cross sections,the present results for 3s and 3p states are in general agreement with the previous MOCC results in the low energy region for both collision systems.Furthermore,the cross sections for electron captured to the 3d,4l and 5l(l=0,1,...,n-1)states of Si^(2+)and Si^(3+)ions are first provided in a broad energy region in our work.These results are useful for the investigations in astrophysics.The datasets presented in this paper,including the total and state-selective electron capture cross sections of Si^(3,4+)+He collisions in 0.01-100 ke V/u,are openly available at https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00257.
文摘A man was walking along a street one day when a happy-looking young girl went by him skipping and jumping along to a rhythm.Swayed by her happiness,the man couldn't help imitating her and began skipping ahead.At that moment,the middle-aged man looked as joyful as a child.The seconds-long short video is loved by many Internet users.
基金supported by Shanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project(202102090301026)Graduate Education Innovation Project of Taiyuan University of Science and Technology(SY2023024)。
文摘Currently,the solid adsorbents with porous structure have been widely applied in CO_(2)capture.However,the unmodified MgO-ZrO_(2)adsorbents appeared to be low adsorption capacity of CO_(2).The solid adsorbent materials were successfully synthesized by loading TEPA onto the pore MgO/ZrO_(2)carriers in the paper.The pore structure and surface characteristic of the samples were analyzed by using XRD,BET,FT-IR and SEM.The adsorbent materials exhibited microcrystalline state,and the crystallinity of all samples gradually decreased as the increase of TEPA content.The pore structure analysis indicated that the modification of MgO-ZrO_(2)adsorbents with TEPA led to the decrease of the specific surface areas,but the narrow micro-mesopore size distributions ranging from 1.8-12 nm in the adsorbents still were maintained.FT-IR spectrum results further verified the successful loading of TEPA.The adsorption capacity of the adsorbents for CO_(2)were tested by using an adsorption apparatus equipped with gas chromatography.The results indicated that when the TEPA loading reached 50%,the sample exhibited the maximum adsorption value for CO_(2),reaching 4.07 mmol/g under the operation condition of 75℃and atmospheric pressure.This result could be assigned to not only the base active sites but also the coexistence of both micropore and mesopore in the adsorbent.After three cycles tests for CO_(2)capture,the adsorption value of the sample for CO_(2)can also reached 95%of its original adsorption capacity,which verified the excellent cyclic operation stability.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(22106007 and U23A20120)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(8244060)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2023M730143)R&D Program of BeijingMunicipal Education Commission(KZ202210005011)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(B2021208033).
文摘Due to the greenhouse effect caused by carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emission,much attention has been paid for the removal of CO_(2).Porous liquids(PLs),as new type of liquid materials,have obvious advantages in mass and heat transfer,which are widely used in gas adsorption and sep-aration.Metal–organic frameworks(MOFs)with merits like large surface area,inherent porous structure and adjustable topology have been considered as one of the best candidates for PLs construction.This review presents the state-of-the-art status on the fabrication strategy of MOFs-based PLs and their CO_(2) absorption and utilization performance,and the positive effects of porosity and functional modification on the absorption-desorption property,selectivity of target product,and regeneration ability are well summarized.Finally,the challenges and prospects for MOFs-based PLs in the optimization of preparation,the coupling of multiple removal techniques,the in situ characterization methods,the regeneration and cycle stability,the environmental impact as well as expansion of application are proposed.
基金financial support of National Natural Science Foundation of China(72174196 and 71874193)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe Mining(SKLCRSM21KFA05)National Program for Support of Top-Notch Young Professionals.
文摘The promotion of deep decarbonization in the cement industry is crucial for mitigating global climate change,a key component of which is carbon capture,utilization,and storage(CCUS)technology.Despite its importance,there is a lack of empirical assessments of early opportunities for CCUS implementation in the cement sector.In this study,a comprehensive onshore and offshore source–sink matching optimization assessment framework for CCUS retrofitting in the cement industry,called the SSM-Cement framework,is proposed.The framework comprises four main modules:the cement plant suitability screening module,the storage site assessment module,the source–sink matching optimization model module,and the economic assessment module.By applying this framework to China,919 candidates are initially screened from 1132 existing cement plants.Further,603 CCUS-ready cement plants are identified,and are found to achieve a cumulative emission reduction of 18.5 Gt CO_(2) from 2030 to 2060 by meeting the CCUS feasibility conditions for constructing both onshore and offshore CO_(2) transportation routes.The levelized cost of cement(LCOC)is found to range from 30 to 96(mean 73)USD·(t cement)^(-1),while the levelized carbon avoidance cost(LCAC)ranges from^(-5) to 140(mean 88)USD·(t CO_(2))^(-1).The northeastern and northwestern regions of China are considered priority areas for CCUS implementation,with the LCAC concentrated in the range of 35 to 70 USD·(t CO_(2))^(-1).In addition to onshore storage of 15.8 Gt CO_(2) from 2030 to 2060,offshore storage would contribute 2.7 Gt of decarbonization for coastal cement plants,with comparable LCACs around 90 USD·(t CO_(2))^(-1).
