With the advent of the digital economy,there has been a rapid proliferation of small-scale Internet data centers(SIDCs).By leveraging their spatiotemporal load regulation potential through data workload balancing,aggr...With the advent of the digital economy,there has been a rapid proliferation of small-scale Internet data centers(SIDCs).By leveraging their spatiotemporal load regulation potential through data workload balancing,aggregated SIDCs have emerged as promising demand response(DR)resources for future power distribution systems.This paper presents an innovative framework for assessing capacity value(CV)by aggregating SIDCs participating in DR programs(SIDC-DR).Initially,we delineate the concept of CV tailored for aggregated SIDC scenarios and establish a metric for the assessment.Considering the effects of the data load dynamics,equipment constraints,and user behavior,we developed a sophisticated DR model for aggregated SIDCs using a data network aggregation method.Unlike existing studies,the proposed model captures the uncertainties associated with end tenant decisions to opt into an SIDC-DR program by utilizing a novel uncertainty modeling approach called Z-number formulation.This approach accounts for both the uncertainty in user participation intentions and the reliability of basic information during the DR process,enabling high-resolution profiling of the SIDC-DR potential in the CV evaluation.Simulation results from numerical studies conducted on a modified IEEE-33 node distribution system confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach and highlighted the potential benefits of SIDC-DR utilization in the efficient operation of future power systems.展开更多
Anti-floating design of building engineering is a very important link in many engineering design links.In recent years, some cases of basement anti floating engineering failure have been exposed in the media, and the ...Anti-floating design of building engineering is a very important link in many engineering design links.In recent years, some cases of basement anti floating engineering failure have been exposed in the media, and the scene is often shocking, which also rings the alarm bell for the majority of designers. The technical standard for anti floating of Building Engineering (jgj476-2019) issued and implemented by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development on March 1, 2020 is timely and effective, which provides a powerful and reliable technical implementation standard for anti floating design, construction, monitoring and detection.The author studies and uses this standard, compares other standards and combines with the engineering practice, and finds that when the group piles in the anti floating standard are damaged as a whole, it is necessary to further discuss the calculation formula in the corresponding clauses of the standard value of the ultimate bearing capacity of a single anti floating pile.In order to ensure the safety of the design, at the same time, make the theoretical concept clear and clear, but also take into account the principle of economy, this paper discusses this problem as follows.展开更多
Adequacy is a key concern of power system planning,which refers to the availability of sufficient facilities to meet demand.The capacity value(CV)of variable renewable energy(VRE)generation represents its equivalent c...Adequacy is a key concern of power system planning,which refers to the availability of sufficient facilities to meet demand.The capacity value(CV)of variable renewable energy(VRE)generation represents its equivalent contribution to system adequacy,in comparison to conventional generators.While VRE continues to grow and increasingly dominates the generation portfolio,its CV is becoming non-negligible,with the corresponding impact mechanisms becoming more complicated and nuanced.In this paper,the concept of CV is revisited by analyzing how VRE contributes to power system balancing at a high renewable energy penetration level.A generalized loss function is incorporated into the CV evaluation framework considering the adequacy of the power system.An analytical method for the CV evaluation of VRE is then derived using the statistical properties of both hourly load and VRE generation.Through the explicit CV expression,several critical impact factors,including the VRE generation variance,source-load correlation,and system adequacy level,are identified and discussed.Case studies demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison to the traditional capacity factor-based methods and convolution-based methods.In the IEEERTS79 test system,the CV of a 2500 MW wind farm(with40%renewable energy penetration level)is found to be 6.8%of its nameplate capacity.Additionally,the sensitivity of CV to various impact factors in power systems with high renewable energy penetration is analyzed.展开更多
Through analysis and evaluation on status quo of atmospheric environment in Shennongjia,atmospheric environment capacity in ClassII functional area of Shennongjia was counted by A value method. The results showed that...Through analysis and evaluation on status quo of atmospheric environment in Shennongjia,atmospheric environment capacity in ClassII functional area of Shennongjia was counted by A value method. The results showed that atmospheric environment capacities of SO2,NO2 and PM10in Shennongjia Forest District were respectively 6 268. 8,17 666. 2 and 2 279. 5 t / a,much larger than emissions of air pollutants in Shennongjia in 2012.展开更多
Empowering the value realization of ecological products with a digital economy is an important path for achieving the transformation of“two mountains”and the construction of ecological civilization.Based on the pane...Empowering the value realization of ecological products with a digital economy is an important path for achieving the transformation of“two mountains”and the construction of ecological civilization.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2022,a fixed-effects model was used to empirically test the impact,heterogeneity and mechanism of the effects of the digital economy on the value realization of ecological products.This analysis revealed three key findings.(1)The digital economy has a significant driving effect on improving the ability to realize the value of ecological products,and this effect is still applicable in a variety of robustness tests such as shrinking the years,replacing explanatory variables,and endogeneity tests.(2)The rise of the digital economy affects the value realization of ecological products to different degrees in different regions,especially in the eastern region,while the effect in the central region is not obvious.(3)The analysis of mechanistic variables indicated that the digital economy has an impact on the value realization of ecological products through the development of green finance and government revenue.Therefore,the government should design differentiated and multi-level support policies for the realization of ecological product value according to the heterogeneity of natural resources,ecological potential and the levels of digital economy development in different regions,and it should strengthen the control of non-environmental protection behaviors of the enterprises.Enterprises should accelerate the digital transformation of the entire production,distribution,circulation and consumption chain of ecological products,and actively develop financial products and services that meet the characteristics and needs of ecological products.展开更多
On the bases of the field survey and a large number of testing data, we process the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the mine environment in the mid south of Shandong Province using the following grade Ⅰ fa...On the bases of the field survey and a large number of testing data, we process the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the mine environment in the mid south of Shandong Province using the following grade Ⅰ factors:the surface subsidence in mining area, the three wastes of mine industries, the pollution sources, the surface water pollution, the underground water pollution and the air pollution. By means of emitting factor judgment and water quality indexes, we locate pollution sources, main pollutants, pollution type and pollution grade in the study area. Using the MAPGIS, we draw a zonality map of the mine environment. This paper attempts to offer a concrete example, including valuable assessment method, data and conclusion, for the assessment of mine environment from the integrated assessment of mineral resources and mine environment. This research is oriented towards the sustainable development and the ecological environment optimization.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52177082in part by the Beijing Nova Program under Grant 20220484007.
文摘With the advent of the digital economy,there has been a rapid proliferation of small-scale Internet data centers(SIDCs).By leveraging their spatiotemporal load regulation potential through data workload balancing,aggregated SIDCs have emerged as promising demand response(DR)resources for future power distribution systems.This paper presents an innovative framework for assessing capacity value(CV)by aggregating SIDCs participating in DR programs(SIDC-DR).Initially,we delineate the concept of CV tailored for aggregated SIDC scenarios and establish a metric for the assessment.Considering the effects of the data load dynamics,equipment constraints,and user behavior,we developed a sophisticated DR model for aggregated SIDCs using a data network aggregation method.Unlike existing studies,the proposed model captures the uncertainties associated with end tenant decisions to opt into an SIDC-DR program by utilizing a novel uncertainty modeling approach called Z-number formulation.This approach accounts for both the uncertainty in user participation intentions and the reliability of basic information during the DR process,enabling high-resolution profiling of the SIDC-DR potential in the CV evaluation.Simulation results from numerical studies conducted on a modified IEEE-33 node distribution system confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach and highlighted the potential benefits of SIDC-DR utilization in the efficient operation of future power systems.
文摘Anti-floating design of building engineering is a very important link in many engineering design links.In recent years, some cases of basement anti floating engineering failure have been exposed in the media, and the scene is often shocking, which also rings the alarm bell for the majority of designers. The technical standard for anti floating of Building Engineering (jgj476-2019) issued and implemented by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development on March 1, 2020 is timely and effective, which provides a powerful and reliable technical implementation standard for anti floating design, construction, monitoring and detection.The author studies and uses this standard, compares other standards and combines with the engineering practice, and finds that when the group piles in the anti floating standard are damaged as a whole, it is necessary to further discuss the calculation formula in the corresponding clauses of the standard value of the ultimate bearing capacity of a single anti floating pile.In order to ensure the safety of the design, at the same time, make the theoretical concept clear and clear, but also take into account the principle of economy, this paper discusses this problem as follows.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFB2403300)in part by the Scientific&Technical Project of State Grid Shanghai Electric Power Company(No.SGSHDK00DWJS2310470)in part by the Scientific&Technical Project of China Electric Power Planning&Engineering Institute(No.K202316)。
文摘Adequacy is a key concern of power system planning,which refers to the availability of sufficient facilities to meet demand.The capacity value(CV)of variable renewable energy(VRE)generation represents its equivalent contribution to system adequacy,in comparison to conventional generators.While VRE continues to grow and increasingly dominates the generation portfolio,its CV is becoming non-negligible,with the corresponding impact mechanisms becoming more complicated and nuanced.In this paper,the concept of CV is revisited by analyzing how VRE contributes to power system balancing at a high renewable energy penetration level.A generalized loss function is incorporated into the CV evaluation framework considering the adequacy of the power system.An analytical method for the CV evaluation of VRE is then derived using the statistical properties of both hourly load and VRE generation.Through the explicit CV expression,several critical impact factors,including the VRE generation variance,source-load correlation,and system adequacy level,are identified and discussed.Case studies demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method in comparison to the traditional capacity factor-based methods and convolution-based methods.In the IEEERTS79 test system,the CV of a 2500 MW wind farm(with40%renewable energy penetration level)is found to be 6.8%of its nameplate capacity.Additionally,the sensitivity of CV to various impact factors in power systems with high renewable energy penetration is analyzed.
文摘Through analysis and evaluation on status quo of atmospheric environment in Shennongjia,atmospheric environment capacity in ClassII functional area of Shennongjia was counted by A value method. The results showed that atmospheric environment capacities of SO2,NO2 and PM10in Shennongjia Forest District were respectively 6 268. 8,17 666. 2 and 2 279. 5 t / a,much larger than emissions of air pollutants in Shennongjia in 2012.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41961046)。
文摘Empowering the value realization of ecological products with a digital economy is an important path for achieving the transformation of“two mountains”and the construction of ecological civilization.Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2011 to 2022,a fixed-effects model was used to empirically test the impact,heterogeneity and mechanism of the effects of the digital economy on the value realization of ecological products.This analysis revealed three key findings.(1)The digital economy has a significant driving effect on improving the ability to realize the value of ecological products,and this effect is still applicable in a variety of robustness tests such as shrinking the years,replacing explanatory variables,and endogeneity tests.(2)The rise of the digital economy affects the value realization of ecological products to different degrees in different regions,especially in the eastern region,while the effect in the central region is not obvious.(3)The analysis of mechanistic variables indicated that the digital economy has an impact on the value realization of ecological products through the development of green finance and government revenue.Therefore,the government should design differentiated and multi-level support policies for the realization of ecological product value according to the heterogeneity of natural resources,ecological potential and the levels of digital economy development in different regions,and it should strengthen the control of non-environmental protection behaviors of the enterprises.Enterprises should accelerate the digital transformation of the entire production,distribution,circulation and consumption chain of ecological products,and actively develop financial products and services that meet the characteristics and needs of ecological products.
文摘On the bases of the field survey and a large number of testing data, we process the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the mine environment in the mid south of Shandong Province using the following grade Ⅰ factors:the surface subsidence in mining area, the three wastes of mine industries, the pollution sources, the surface water pollution, the underground water pollution and the air pollution. By means of emitting factor judgment and water quality indexes, we locate pollution sources, main pollutants, pollution type and pollution grade in the study area. Using the MAPGIS, we draw a zonality map of the mine environment. This paper attempts to offer a concrete example, including valuable assessment method, data and conclusion, for the assessment of mine environment from the integrated assessment of mineral resources and mine environment. This research is oriented towards the sustainable development and the ecological environment optimization.
