Bleeding canker,a devastating disease of pear trees(Pyrus pyrifolia L.),was first reported in the 1970 s in Jiangsu,China and more recently in other provinces in China.Trees infected with bleeding canker pathogen,Dick...Bleeding canker,a devastating disease of pear trees(Pyrus pyrifolia L.),was first reported in the 1970 s in Jiangsu,China and more recently in other provinces in China.Trees infected with bleeding canker pathogen,Dickeya fangzhongdai,develop cankers on the trunks and branches,and a rust-colored mixture of bacterial ooze and tree sap could be seen all over the trunks and branches.In this study,we provided detail descriptions of the symptoms and epidemiology of bleeding canker disease.Based on pathogenic and phenotypic characterizations,we identified the causal agent of bleeding canker of pear as D.fangzhongdai.Dickeya fangzhongdai strains isolated from pear were also pathogenic on Solanum tuberosum,Brassica pekinensis,Lycopersicon esculentum,and Phalaenopsis aphrodite based on artificial inoculation,and the pathogen were more virulent on potato than that of D.solani strain.This study provides new information about this disease and bleeding canker disease of pear.展开更多
Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase plays a vital role in the carbon and nitrogen metabolism cycles. In Xanthomonas citrisubsp. citri, carA and carB encode the small and large subunits of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase, respec...Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase plays a vital role in the carbon and nitrogen metabolism cycles. In Xanthomonas citrisubsp. citri, carA and carB encode the small and large subunits of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase, respectively. The deletion mutation of the coding regions revealed that carA did not affect any of the phenotypes, while carB played multiple roles in pathogenicity. The deletion of carB rendered the loss of pathogenicity in host plants and the ability to induce a hyper- sensitive reaction in the non-hosts. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assays indicated that 11 hrp genes coding the type Ill secretion system were suppressed when interacting with citrus plants. The mutation in carB also affected bacterial utilization of several carbon and nitrogen resources in minimal medium MMX and extracellular enzyme activities. These data demonstrated that only the large subunit of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase was essential for canker development by X. citri subsp, citri.展开更多
为明确梨树腐烂病的病菌种类,对采自中国河北、山西和安徽3省症状疑似梨腐烂病的树皮与病枝进行病菌培养和分离纯化,根据病原菌的形态特征和致病性,结合rDNA-ITS序列分析,鉴定病原菌种类,并选用22种常用杀菌剂,通过离体抑菌试验,筛选出...为明确梨树腐烂病的病菌种类,对采自中国河北、山西和安徽3省症状疑似梨腐烂病的树皮与病枝进行病菌培养和分离纯化,根据病原菌的形态特征和致病性,结合rDNA-ITS序列分析,鉴定病原菌种类,并选用22种常用杀菌剂,通过离体抑菌试验,筛选出抑菌效果较好的药剂进行田间药效试验。结果表明:在分离纯化的6个菌株中有5个菌株形态特征相同,且与已报道的腐烂病病菌(Valsa mali var.pyri)形态特征相似;以这5个菌株菌丝接种梨树健康枝条后出现与田间相同的病症;病原菌rDNA-ITS克隆测序、BLASTn比对发现,这5个菌株为同一致病菌(登录号JQ618018),且与意大利梨腐烂病菌株(登录号DQ241769)、陕西梨腐烂病菌株(登录号GU174590)、新疆梨腐烂病菌株(登录号HM013819)的rDNAITS序列的同源性达到100%;另外1菌株与内生菌巴西拟隐盘孢菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense的同源性达到99%;丙环唑等8种药剂对梨树腐烂病菌丝生长抑制力强,丁香菌酯等11种药剂对分生孢子抑制效果好,25%咪鲜胺乳油1 500倍液、20%丁香菌酯悬浮液165倍液与97%嘧菌酯原药15 000倍液对田间病斑治疗效果较好。根据试验结果,可以确定3省采样地区引起梨腐烂病的病原菌为Valsa mali var.pyri;咪鲜胺、嘧菌酯和丁香菌酯等3种杀菌剂可作为梨树腐烂病田间防治药剂。展开更多
一些引起树皮腐烂病的病原菌往往不产孢,利用传统形态学方法很难对病原菌进行准确鉴定,因此,本研究拟通过ITS序列分析对引起几种腐烂病菌进行分子鉴定。本试验对采自河北省5个不同县市的苹果树、杨树、柳树、槐树和杏树等5种树木上的腐...一些引起树皮腐烂病的病原菌往往不产孢,利用传统形态学方法很难对病原菌进行准确鉴定,因此,本研究拟通过ITS序列分析对引起几种腐烂病菌进行分子鉴定。本试验对采自河北省5个不同县市的苹果树、杨树、柳树、槐树和杏树等5种树木上的腐烂病菌进行了分离和致病性测定。通过测定的ITS序列与GenBank中的同源序列的分析对其进行分子鉴定,从5种寄主植物上共鉴定出Valsa mali var. mali、Valsa sordida、Botry-osphaeri dothidea和Botryosphaeria rhodina等4种树皮腐烂病菌,结果表明,通过ITS序列分析,可对树皮腐烂病菌进行准确鉴定,并对系统发育树上代表不同病原菌种类的每个分支上序列的名称、寄主范围以及地理来源进行了详细地讨论。展开更多
基金supported by the 111 International Cooperation Grant 2.0(BP0719029)to Nanjing Agricultural University,China,from the Chinese government and Canadian Interdepartmental funding of Genomics Research and Development Initiatives(GRDI)。
文摘Bleeding canker,a devastating disease of pear trees(Pyrus pyrifolia L.),was first reported in the 1970 s in Jiangsu,China and more recently in other provinces in China.Trees infected with bleeding canker pathogen,Dickeya fangzhongdai,develop cankers on the trunks and branches,and a rust-colored mixture of bacterial ooze and tree sap could be seen all over the trunks and branches.In this study,we provided detail descriptions of the symptoms and epidemiology of bleeding canker disease.Based on pathogenic and phenotypic characterizations,we identified the causal agent of bleeding canker of pear as D.fangzhongdai.Dickeya fangzhongdai strains isolated from pear were also pathogenic on Solanum tuberosum,Brassica pekinensis,Lycopersicon esculentum,and Phalaenopsis aphrodite based on artificial inoculation,and the pathogen were more virulent on potato than that of D.solani strain.This study provides new information about this disease and bleeding canker disease of pear.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31171832)the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest, China (201003067)
文摘Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase plays a vital role in the carbon and nitrogen metabolism cycles. In Xanthomonas citrisubsp. citri, carA and carB encode the small and large subunits of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase, respectively. The deletion mutation of the coding regions revealed that carA did not affect any of the phenotypes, while carB played multiple roles in pathogenicity. The deletion of carB rendered the loss of pathogenicity in host plants and the ability to induce a hyper- sensitive reaction in the non-hosts. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assays indicated that 11 hrp genes coding the type Ill secretion system were suppressed when interacting with citrus plants. The mutation in carB also affected bacterial utilization of several carbon and nitrogen resources in minimal medium MMX and extracellular enzyme activities. These data demonstrated that only the large subunit of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase was essential for canker development by X. citri subsp, citri.
文摘为明确梨树腐烂病的病菌种类,对采自中国河北、山西和安徽3省症状疑似梨腐烂病的树皮与病枝进行病菌培养和分离纯化,根据病原菌的形态特征和致病性,结合rDNA-ITS序列分析,鉴定病原菌种类,并选用22种常用杀菌剂,通过离体抑菌试验,筛选出抑菌效果较好的药剂进行田间药效试验。结果表明:在分离纯化的6个菌株中有5个菌株形态特征相同,且与已报道的腐烂病病菌(Valsa mali var.pyri)形态特征相似;以这5个菌株菌丝接种梨树健康枝条后出现与田间相同的病症;病原菌rDNA-ITS克隆测序、BLASTn比对发现,这5个菌株为同一致病菌(登录号JQ618018),且与意大利梨腐烂病菌株(登录号DQ241769)、陕西梨腐烂病菌株(登录号GU174590)、新疆梨腐烂病菌株(登录号HM013819)的rDNAITS序列的同源性达到100%;另外1菌株与内生菌巴西拟隐盘孢菌Paraconiothyrium brasiliense的同源性达到99%;丙环唑等8种药剂对梨树腐烂病菌丝生长抑制力强,丁香菌酯等11种药剂对分生孢子抑制效果好,25%咪鲜胺乳油1 500倍液、20%丁香菌酯悬浮液165倍液与97%嘧菌酯原药15 000倍液对田间病斑治疗效果较好。根据试验结果,可以确定3省采样地区引起梨腐烂病的病原菌为Valsa mali var.pyri;咪鲜胺、嘧菌酯和丁香菌酯等3种杀菌剂可作为梨树腐烂病田间防治药剂。
文摘一些引起树皮腐烂病的病原菌往往不产孢,利用传统形态学方法很难对病原菌进行准确鉴定,因此,本研究拟通过ITS序列分析对引起几种腐烂病菌进行分子鉴定。本试验对采自河北省5个不同县市的苹果树、杨树、柳树、槐树和杏树等5种树木上的腐烂病菌进行了分离和致病性测定。通过测定的ITS序列与GenBank中的同源序列的分析对其进行分子鉴定,从5种寄主植物上共鉴定出Valsa mali var. mali、Valsa sordida、Botry-osphaeri dothidea和Botryosphaeria rhodina等4种树皮腐烂病菌,结果表明,通过ITS序列分析,可对树皮腐烂病菌进行准确鉴定,并对系统发育树上代表不同病原菌种类的每个分支上序列的名称、寄主范围以及地理来源进行了详细地讨论。
