OBJECTIVE:Accumulation of advanced glycation end products(AGEs) in the body due to the non-enzymatic glycation of proteins and oxidation is associated with aging and diabetes mellitus.In this study we wanted to invest...OBJECTIVE:Accumulation of advanced glycation end products(AGEs) in the body due to the non-enzymatic glycation of proteins and oxidation is associated with aging and diabetes mellitus.In this study we wanted to investigate the antiglycation and antioxidation potential of two medicinal plants:Juglans regia and Calendula officinalis.METHODS:In-vitro investigation was carried out to discover the antiglycation and antioxidation potential of J.regia and C.officinalis.Using an Ultraviolet Double-beam Spectrophotometer,we evaluated the antiglycation property of the crude methanolic extracts of J.regia and C.officinalis by assessing their ability to inhibit the Maillard reaction.Employing the same instrument we also measured the antioxidation potential of these plant extracts using the nitric oxide(NO) free radical-scavenging assay.RESULTS:J.regia had greater antiglycation ability,with a minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC 50) of 28 μg/mL as compared with that of C.officinalis(270 μg/mL).C.officinalis had greater antioxidation potential(26.10,22.07 and 16.06% at 0.5 mg,0.25 mg and 0.125 mg,respectively,as compared with 18.15,16.50 and 16.06% of J.regia,respectively).CONCLUSION:J.regia and C.officinalis inhibited the Maillard reaction and prevented oxidation in-vitro.Hence,the extracts of these plants could have therapeutic uses in curbing chronic diabetic complications and slowing down aging.展开更多
AIM: The anti-leishmanial activity of methanolic extracts of Calendula officinalis flowers, Datura stramonium seeds, and Salvia officinalis leaves against extracellular(promastigote) and intracellular(amastigote) form...AIM: The anti-leishmanial activity of methanolic extracts of Calendula officinalis flowers, Datura stramonium seeds, and Salvia officinalis leaves against extracellular(promastigote) and intracellular(amastigote) forms of Leishmania major were evaluated in this study. METHOD: In the first stage, promastigote forms of L. major, were treated with different doses of the plant extracts in a 96-well tissue-culture microplate and IC50 values for each extract were measured with colorimetric MTT assay. In the second stage, macrophage cells were infected with L. major promastigotes. Infected macrophages were treated with plant extracts. Then the macrophages were stained with Gimsa and the number of infected macrophages and amastigotes were counted with a light microscope. RESULTS: The results indicated that the plant extracts inhibited the growth of promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major. Inhibitory concentrations(IC50) for promastigote assay were 108.19, 155.15, and 184.32 μg·mL-1 for C. officinalis flowers, D. stramonium seeds and S. officinalis, respectively. The extracts also reduced the number of amastigotes in macrophage cells from 264 for control group to 88, 97, and 102 for test groups. Although the anti-leishmanial activity of the extracts were not comparable with the standard drug, miltefosine; but they showed significant efficiency in reducing the number of amastigotes in macrophages, in comparison with the control group(P < 0.001). These plant extracts had lower toxicity compared with miltefosine. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the potential efficacy of the methanolic extracts of C. officinalis flowers, D. stramonium seeds, and S. officinalis leaves to control of cutaneous leishmaniasis.展开更多
Introduction:Different products are used on the foot injuries of diabetic patients with more or less effective results.Calendula officinalis,which is used for its effective antihaemorrhagic properties,also known to th...Introduction:Different products are used on the foot injuries of diabetic patients with more or less effective results.Calendula officinalis,which is used for its effective antihaemorrhagic properties,also known to the ancient Romans,who used it directly on injuries,is used as a topical anti-inflammatory,healing,and antiseptic treatment,although this is scarcely documented.There is no study in the literature to demonstrate the effectiveness of calendula cream in the prevention and cure of foot injuries on diabetic patients.Case presentation:Bio Calendula,Dr.Theiss,cream balm by Naturwaren was recommended to 4 patients diagnosed with diabetes and various injuries(micro traumas)on their lower and upper limbs,which showed all the signs and symptoms of ongoing infection:lesions with pus,swollen,red edges,localised heat,and pain.The cream was to be applied twice daily,after cleansing with very mild soaps or bath&shower gel,and warm water,WITHOUT rubbing the cleanser onto the limbs.The cream was to be applied with a gentle massage,until fully absorbed,WITHOUT covering the injuries.It is well known that incorrect treatment to even small foot injuries on diabetic patients can lead to serious complications,including infections that can in turn lead to amputation.Conclusion:As shown in the photographs taken over different periods during the use of the cream balm,the results are excellent;the healing process is easy to see and the progress of the infection process has been blocked,reducing itching,redness,pain,dryness,the disappearance of various scars,regrowth of hair on the legs,no intolerance and great patient satisfaction.Observational studies of RCTs(Random Trial Controls)could help clinics in understanding whether or not this cream is suitable for injured limbs to prevent the worsening of the infection which would in turn lead to suffering for the patient and increased healthcare costs.展开更多
Cosmetic emulsions, as all macro emulsions, are inherently unstable systems, from a thermodynamic viewpoint. More specific eco-friendly oil/water (O/W) cosmetic emulsions are usually less stable than conventional ones...Cosmetic emulsions, as all macro emulsions, are inherently unstable systems, from a thermodynamic viewpoint. More specific eco-friendly oil/water (O/W) cosmetic emulsions are usually less stable than conventional ones as milder chemicals or less intense (energy consuming) production processes are involved. In this context, two traditional techniques an optical technique and a volumetric one have been used for the assessment of the stability of cosmetic emulsions and compared to each other. Eco-friendly cosmetic emulsions were produced with different olive oil/water extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis and Calendula officinalis extracts) and emulsifier (Glycerol monostearate, GMS) concentrations. Emulsions’ stability was registered simultaneously by 1) Microscopy photos of samples withdrawn at regular intervals from the test vessel;2) global volumetric measurements of the different phases (water/oil/emulsion) inside the test vessel made at regular intervals for determining the evolution of the location of the phases separation interface. Analysis of the results of each technique and comparisons among them are presented and discussed in detail.展开更多
The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dried powder of Calendula ojficinalis L.(marigold)flower as an antibiotic growth promoter substitute on growth performance,organ weights,and immunolog...The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dried powder of Calendula ojficinalis L.(marigold)flower as an antibiotic growth promoter substitute on growth performance,organ weights,and immunological parameters in broilers.A total of 240 mixed sex broilers(Ross 308)at 1 d of age were individually weighed and randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 4 replicates of 15 birds for 6 wk.The dietary treatments were:1)a basal diet(control);2)control plus 4.5 mg flavophospholipol/kg of diet;3)control plus 5 g marigold/kg of diet;4)control plus 10 g marigold/kg of diet.Antibody responses against Newcastle(NDV),influenza(AI)viruses,and sheep red blood cells(SRBC)were measured.Supplementing 4.5 mg flavophospholipol/kg of diet enhanced body weight(BW)of broilers at 14 and 28 d of age(P<0.05),but final BW at 42 d was not markedly affected.At 14 and 28 d of age,broilers fed diets supplemented with 10 g marigold/kg of diet had significantly lower BW compared with broilers fed the basal diet supplemented with antibiotic or 5 g marigold/kg of diet.During the starter period,broilers fed diets supplemented with antibiotic had significantly(P<0.05)better FCR compared with broilers supplemented with 10 g marigold/kg of diet,but did not differ from broilers fed the basal diet or basal diet supplemented with 5 g marigold/kg of diet.There were no significant differences in FCR between treatments,during grower,finisher phases as well as for the whole experiment.Carcass yield was significantly(P<0.05)higher in broilers supplemented with 5 g marigold/kg of diet compared with broilers in other groups.The treatments failed to induce any marked effect on immune parameters.In conclusion,the results of this experiment showed that supplementation of 5 and 10 g dried powder of marigold/kg of diet has no affirmative influence on growth performance of broilers.展开更多
Organic farming needs to be promoted as a means of sustaining soil health and reducing the cost of farming, especially for small farmers.The present study deals with the effect of organic compost, prepared using Effic...Organic farming needs to be promoted as a means of sustaining soil health and reducing the cost of farming, especially for small farmers.The present study deals with the effect of organic compost, prepared using Efficient Microorganism(EM) consortium and applied along with full or half of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers, on the growth of Calendula and Marigold plants, soil physico-chemical parameters and soil enzyme activities. Soil enzyme activities were improved with the increase in the rate of EM compost application in both Calendula and Marigold. Carotenoid pigment increased by 46.11% and 12.19% with application of EM compost over the control in Calendula and Marigold flowers respectively. Soil humus, available nitrogen and organic carbon content also increased due to the supplementation of EM compost resulting in better soil fertility. For Calendula, treatment T5(Half dose NPK + EM compost 20 000 kg·hm^(-2)) was found to be the most promising in terms of acid phosphatase(82.63 μg p-Nitrophenyl Phosphate·g^(-1)·h^(-1)), dehydrogenase(10.46 μg Triphenyl Formazan·g^(-1)·d^(-1)) and β-glucosidase(0.30 IU·g^(-1)) activities. In Marigold, treatment C(Half dose NPK + EM compost 5 000 kg·hm^(-2)) was the most promising in terms of amendment in soil enzyme activities.展开更多
Background:Calendula officinalis L.(Compositae)is a Mediterranean annual plant widely used for its versatile biological activities.Objective:A bibliometric study of research data conducted from 1971 to 2021 was conduc...Background:Calendula officinalis L.(Compositae)is a Mediterranean annual plant widely used for its versatile biological activities.Objective:A bibliometric study of research data conducted from 1971 to 2021 was conducted.Methods:Bibliographic data was retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using VOSviewer and MS Excel.Polynomial regression was used to assess the annual production of research documents related to C.officinalis.Results:A total of 1,252 journal articles and conference papers were published by 4,452 authors,originated from 98 countries and disseminated in 706 sources.Iran(n=131),Brazil(n=119),India(n=113),Poland(n=112),and Italy(n=72)are the top-publishing countries.Journal of Ethnopharmacology is the top-cited journal,while Italy is the top-cited country.Steady growth was observed in the last fifty years,from 1971 to 2021.The anti-inflammatory,wound-healing,and anti-microbial properties are among the most prolific studies that have been conducted on this plant.Extensive research has been carried out on antioxidant compounds,terpenes,and volatile oils.Skin care and wound healing are the most common clinical applications.Co-citation analysis,keywords co-occurrence,and bibliographic coupling revealed diverse knowledge structures and intellectual dynamics.Conclusion:This comprehensive bibliometric study indicates that Calendula officinalis received significant re-search.The structured information may help understand research trends and locate this plant’s research hot spots and gaps.展开更多
Introduction:Herbal medicines and other traditional medicines are well accepted in India and are readily available as over-the-counter preparations.With their increased use,the safety and quality of homoeopathic medic...Introduction:Herbal medicines and other traditional medicines are well accepted in India and are readily available as over-the-counter preparations.With their increased use,the safety and quality of homoeopathic medicines have become a major concern for health authorities,pharmaceutical industries,and consumers.It is difficult to assess the adverse effects of homoeopathic medicines due to a lack of scientific evidence regarding their safety and efficacy in clinical trials or post-marketing surveillance.Here,we reported a patient with contact dermatitis due to the homoeopathic medicine Calendula officinalis.Case presentation:A 33-year-old previously healthy woman presented with pruritus,redness,and swelling over the entire face and upper neck.The symptoms developed within about 1 hour after the use of a homoeopathic skin ointment containing 2%Calendula officinalis as the major ingredient in an aqueous base.Cutaneous examination revealed periorbital edema and facial swelling with multiple vesicular eruptions over erythematous edematous plaques on the face.A clinical diagnosis of contact dermatitis was considered.Discussion:Many herbal preparations in India are available without safety data.Calendula officinalis extract(oil expressed from seeds)is used in various skin products.The exact allergens present in Calendula officinalis are unknown,but the flowers reportedly contain a variety of phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids that have elicited contact dermatitis.Conclusion:Anecdotal case reports of accidental exposure/sensitization and experimental studies provide sufficient evidence to confirm the causal relationship between contact dermatitis with Calendula Officinalis.Postmarketing surveillance of all homoeopathic medicines should be mandatory,and the availability of such preparations as over-the-counter drugs must be restricted.展开更多
文摘OBJECTIVE:Accumulation of advanced glycation end products(AGEs) in the body due to the non-enzymatic glycation of proteins and oxidation is associated with aging and diabetes mellitus.In this study we wanted to investigate the antiglycation and antioxidation potential of two medicinal plants:Juglans regia and Calendula officinalis.METHODS:In-vitro investigation was carried out to discover the antiglycation and antioxidation potential of J.regia and C.officinalis.Using an Ultraviolet Double-beam Spectrophotometer,we evaluated the antiglycation property of the crude methanolic extracts of J.regia and C.officinalis by assessing their ability to inhibit the Maillard reaction.Employing the same instrument we also measured the antioxidation potential of these plant extracts using the nitric oxide(NO) free radical-scavenging assay.RESULTS:J.regia had greater antiglycation ability,with a minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC 50) of 28 μg/mL as compared with that of C.officinalis(270 μg/mL).C.officinalis had greater antioxidation potential(26.10,22.07 and 16.06% at 0.5 mg,0.25 mg and 0.125 mg,respectively,as compared with 18.15,16.50 and 16.06% of J.regia,respectively).CONCLUSION:J.regia and C.officinalis inhibited the Maillard reaction and prevented oxidation in-vitro.Hence,the extracts of these plants could have therapeutic uses in curbing chronic diabetic complications and slowing down aging.
文摘AIM: The anti-leishmanial activity of methanolic extracts of Calendula officinalis flowers, Datura stramonium seeds, and Salvia officinalis leaves against extracellular(promastigote) and intracellular(amastigote) forms of Leishmania major were evaluated in this study. METHOD: In the first stage, promastigote forms of L. major, were treated with different doses of the plant extracts in a 96-well tissue-culture microplate and IC50 values for each extract were measured with colorimetric MTT assay. In the second stage, macrophage cells were infected with L. major promastigotes. Infected macrophages were treated with plant extracts. Then the macrophages were stained with Gimsa and the number of infected macrophages and amastigotes were counted with a light microscope. RESULTS: The results indicated that the plant extracts inhibited the growth of promastigotes and amastigotes of L. major. Inhibitory concentrations(IC50) for promastigote assay were 108.19, 155.15, and 184.32 μg·mL-1 for C. officinalis flowers, D. stramonium seeds and S. officinalis, respectively. The extracts also reduced the number of amastigotes in macrophage cells from 264 for control group to 88, 97, and 102 for test groups. Although the anti-leishmanial activity of the extracts were not comparable with the standard drug, miltefosine; but they showed significant efficiency in reducing the number of amastigotes in macrophages, in comparison with the control group(P < 0.001). These plant extracts had lower toxicity compared with miltefosine. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the potential efficacy of the methanolic extracts of C. officinalis flowers, D. stramonium seeds, and S. officinalis leaves to control of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
文摘Introduction:Different products are used on the foot injuries of diabetic patients with more or less effective results.Calendula officinalis,which is used for its effective antihaemorrhagic properties,also known to the ancient Romans,who used it directly on injuries,is used as a topical anti-inflammatory,healing,and antiseptic treatment,although this is scarcely documented.There is no study in the literature to demonstrate the effectiveness of calendula cream in the prevention and cure of foot injuries on diabetic patients.Case presentation:Bio Calendula,Dr.Theiss,cream balm by Naturwaren was recommended to 4 patients diagnosed with diabetes and various injuries(micro traumas)on their lower and upper limbs,which showed all the signs and symptoms of ongoing infection:lesions with pus,swollen,red edges,localised heat,and pain.The cream was to be applied twice daily,after cleansing with very mild soaps or bath&shower gel,and warm water,WITHOUT rubbing the cleanser onto the limbs.The cream was to be applied with a gentle massage,until fully absorbed,WITHOUT covering the injuries.It is well known that incorrect treatment to even small foot injuries on diabetic patients can lead to serious complications,including infections that can in turn lead to amputation.Conclusion:As shown in the photographs taken over different periods during the use of the cream balm,the results are excellent;the healing process is easy to see and the progress of the infection process has been blocked,reducing itching,redness,pain,dryness,the disappearance of various scars,regrowth of hair on the legs,no intolerance and great patient satisfaction.Observational studies of RCTs(Random Trial Controls)could help clinics in understanding whether or not this cream is suitable for injured limbs to prevent the worsening of the infection which would in turn lead to suffering for the patient and increased healthcare costs.
文摘Cosmetic emulsions, as all macro emulsions, are inherently unstable systems, from a thermodynamic viewpoint. More specific eco-friendly oil/water (O/W) cosmetic emulsions are usually less stable than conventional ones as milder chemicals or less intense (energy consuming) production processes are involved. In this context, two traditional techniques an optical technique and a volumetric one have been used for the assessment of the stability of cosmetic emulsions and compared to each other. Eco-friendly cosmetic emulsions were produced with different olive oil/water extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis and Calendula officinalis extracts) and emulsifier (Glycerol monostearate, GMS) concentrations. Emulsions’ stability was registered simultaneously by 1) Microscopy photos of samples withdrawn at regular intervals from the test vessel;2) global volumetric measurements of the different phases (water/oil/emulsion) inside the test vessel made at regular intervals for determining the evolution of the location of the phases separation interface. Analysis of the results of each technique and comparisons among them are presented and discussed in detail.
基金supported by Islamic Azad University,Khorasgan Branch,Iran,and resulted from M.Sc thesis of Marjan Foroutankhah
文摘The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of dried powder of Calendula ojficinalis L.(marigold)flower as an antibiotic growth promoter substitute on growth performance,organ weights,and immunological parameters in broilers.A total of 240 mixed sex broilers(Ross 308)at 1 d of age were individually weighed and randomly assigned to 4 treatments with 4 replicates of 15 birds for 6 wk.The dietary treatments were:1)a basal diet(control);2)control plus 4.5 mg flavophospholipol/kg of diet;3)control plus 5 g marigold/kg of diet;4)control plus 10 g marigold/kg of diet.Antibody responses against Newcastle(NDV),influenza(AI)viruses,and sheep red blood cells(SRBC)were measured.Supplementing 4.5 mg flavophospholipol/kg of diet enhanced body weight(BW)of broilers at 14 and 28 d of age(P<0.05),but final BW at 42 d was not markedly affected.At 14 and 28 d of age,broilers fed diets supplemented with 10 g marigold/kg of diet had significantly lower BW compared with broilers fed the basal diet supplemented with antibiotic or 5 g marigold/kg of diet.During the starter period,broilers fed diets supplemented with antibiotic had significantly(P<0.05)better FCR compared with broilers supplemented with 10 g marigold/kg of diet,but did not differ from broilers fed the basal diet or basal diet supplemented with 5 g marigold/kg of diet.There were no significant differences in FCR between treatments,during grower,finisher phases as well as for the whole experiment.Carcass yield was significantly(P<0.05)higher in broilers supplemented with 5 g marigold/kg of diet compared with broilers in other groups.The treatments failed to induce any marked effect on immune parameters.In conclusion,the results of this experiment showed that supplementation of 5 and 10 g dried powder of marigold/kg of diet has no affirmative influence on growth performance of broilers.
文摘Organic farming needs to be promoted as a means of sustaining soil health and reducing the cost of farming, especially for small farmers.The present study deals with the effect of organic compost, prepared using Efficient Microorganism(EM) consortium and applied along with full or half of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers, on the growth of Calendula and Marigold plants, soil physico-chemical parameters and soil enzyme activities. Soil enzyme activities were improved with the increase in the rate of EM compost application in both Calendula and Marigold. Carotenoid pigment increased by 46.11% and 12.19% with application of EM compost over the control in Calendula and Marigold flowers respectively. Soil humus, available nitrogen and organic carbon content also increased due to the supplementation of EM compost resulting in better soil fertility. For Calendula, treatment T5(Half dose NPK + EM compost 20 000 kg·hm^(-2)) was found to be the most promising in terms of acid phosphatase(82.63 μg p-Nitrophenyl Phosphate·g^(-1)·h^(-1)), dehydrogenase(10.46 μg Triphenyl Formazan·g^(-1)·d^(-1)) and β-glucosidase(0.30 IU·g^(-1)) activities. In Marigold, treatment C(Half dose NPK + EM compost 5 000 kg·hm^(-2)) was the most promising in terms of amendment in soil enzyme activities.
文摘Background:Calendula officinalis L.(Compositae)is a Mediterranean annual plant widely used for its versatile biological activities.Objective:A bibliometric study of research data conducted from 1971 to 2021 was conducted.Methods:Bibliographic data was retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed using VOSviewer and MS Excel.Polynomial regression was used to assess the annual production of research documents related to C.officinalis.Results:A total of 1,252 journal articles and conference papers were published by 4,452 authors,originated from 98 countries and disseminated in 706 sources.Iran(n=131),Brazil(n=119),India(n=113),Poland(n=112),and Italy(n=72)are the top-publishing countries.Journal of Ethnopharmacology is the top-cited journal,while Italy is the top-cited country.Steady growth was observed in the last fifty years,from 1971 to 2021.The anti-inflammatory,wound-healing,and anti-microbial properties are among the most prolific studies that have been conducted on this plant.Extensive research has been carried out on antioxidant compounds,terpenes,and volatile oils.Skin care and wound healing are the most common clinical applications.Co-citation analysis,keywords co-occurrence,and bibliographic coupling revealed diverse knowledge structures and intellectual dynamics.Conclusion:This comprehensive bibliometric study indicates that Calendula officinalis received significant re-search.The structured information may help understand research trends and locate this plant’s research hot spots and gaps.
文摘Introduction:Herbal medicines and other traditional medicines are well accepted in India and are readily available as over-the-counter preparations.With their increased use,the safety and quality of homoeopathic medicines have become a major concern for health authorities,pharmaceutical industries,and consumers.It is difficult to assess the adverse effects of homoeopathic medicines due to a lack of scientific evidence regarding their safety and efficacy in clinical trials or post-marketing surveillance.Here,we reported a patient with contact dermatitis due to the homoeopathic medicine Calendula officinalis.Case presentation:A 33-year-old previously healthy woman presented with pruritus,redness,and swelling over the entire face and upper neck.The symptoms developed within about 1 hour after the use of a homoeopathic skin ointment containing 2%Calendula officinalis as the major ingredient in an aqueous base.Cutaneous examination revealed periorbital edema and facial swelling with multiple vesicular eruptions over erythematous edematous plaques on the face.A clinical diagnosis of contact dermatitis was considered.Discussion:Many herbal preparations in India are available without safety data.Calendula officinalis extract(oil expressed from seeds)is used in various skin products.The exact allergens present in Calendula officinalis are unknown,but the flowers reportedly contain a variety of phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids that have elicited contact dermatitis.Conclusion:Anecdotal case reports of accidental exposure/sensitization and experimental studies provide sufficient evidence to confirm the causal relationship between contact dermatitis with Calendula Officinalis.Postmarketing surveillance of all homoeopathic medicines should be mandatory,and the availability of such preparations as over-the-counter drugs must be restricted.
