Inhibiting dendrites formation and side-reactions is a critical challenge for practical application of aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).Electrolyte additives offer an effective solution to address this problem.Inspired...Inhibiting dendrites formation and side-reactions is a critical challenge for practical application of aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).Electrolyte additives offer an effective solution to address this problem.Inspired by using green corrosion inhibitor for metals,we introduce caffeine,extracted from tea-leaf,as an additive to achieve stable AZIBs.Caffeine,with its N and O containing groups,strongly adsorbs on the Zn anode and Zn^(2+)ions.This featured adsorption induces the replacement of water molecules from electric double layer(EDL)and solvation shell,suppressing side-reactions such as corrosion and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Moreover,the selective adsorption and steric hindrance of caffeine promote Zn(002)-oriented deposition,resulting in uniform and compact zinc deposits at both low and high current density and areal capacity.Due to the significantly suppressed dendrites and corrosion,the Coulomb Efficiency(CE)reaches 99.24%after 800 cycles,and the Zn||MnO_(2)battery shows a specific capacity of 167.2 mAh g^(−1)with 81%capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 2 A g^(−1).展开更多
Caffeine is a widely consumed stimulant known for its cardiovascular and metabolic effects.However,its impact on cardiovascular risk,including arrhythmias,in older adults remains underexplored.Emerging evidence highli...Caffeine is a widely consumed stimulant known for its cardiovascular and metabolic effects.However,its impact on cardiovascular risk,including arrhythmias,in older adults remains underexplored.Emerging evidence highlights sex-specific differences in caffeine metabolism,which may influence its role in cardiovascular health.This perspective examines the interaction between caffeine,hormonal changes,metabolic processes,and lifestyle factors,focusing on older women compared to men.Understanding these differences is essential for tailoring dietary and clinical recommendations to mitigate cardiovascular risks and promote healthy aging.展开更多
Prenatal caffeine exposure(PCE)leads to intrauterine growth retardation and altered glucose homeostasis after birth,but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.This study aims to investigate the alteration of pancrea...Prenatal caffeine exposure(PCE)leads to intrauterine growth retardation and altered glucose homeostasis after birth,but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.This study aims to investigate the alteration of pancreatic development and insulin biosynthesis in the PCE female offspring and explore the intrauterine programming mechanism.Pregnant rats were orally treated with 120 mg/(kg·day)of caffeine from gestational day(GD)9 to 20.Results showed that fetal pancreaticβ-cells in the PCE group exhibited reduced mass and impaired insulin synthesis function,as evidenced by decreased expression of developmental and functional genes and reduced pancreatic insulin content.At postnatal week(PW)12,the PCE offspring exhibited glucose intolerance,diminishedβ-cell mass,and lower blood insulin levels.However,by PW28,glucose tolerance showed some improvement.Both in vivo and in vitro findings collectively indicated that excessive serum corticosterone(CORT)levels of the PCE fetuses may act through the activation of the pancreatic glucocorticoid receptor(GR)and recruitment of histone deacetylase 9(HDAC9),leading to H3K9 deacetylation in promoter and downregulation of insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1),thereby inhibiting pancreatic islet morphogenesis and insulin synthesis in fetal rats.Furthermore,the PCE offspring after birth exhibited decreased blood CORT levels,increased H3K9 acetylation in promoter and upregulated gene expression of the pancreatic IGF1 promoter region,accompanied by elevated insulin biosynthesis.However,when exposed to chronic stress,the above changes were totally reversed.Conclusively,“glucocorticoid-insulin like growth factor 1(GC-IGF1)axis”programming may be involved in pancreaticβ-cell dysplasia and dysfunction in the PCE female offspring.展开更多
Nicotine,ethanol,and caffeine are the most common exogenous substances in the men’s living environment,but their effects on the cartilage quality in the father and offspring have not been reported.According to the av...Nicotine,ethanol,and caffeine are the most common exogenous substances in the men’s living environment,but their effects on the cartilage quality in the father and offspring have not been reported.According to the average daily intake of adult men,we constructed a male rat model of paternal mixed exposure(PME)to low-dose nicotine(0.1 mg/(kg·day)),ethanol(0.5 g/(kg·day)),and caffeine(7.5 mg/(kg·day))for 8 weeks.Then,the male rats mated with normal female rats to obtain offspring.The results showed that PME reduced the cartilage quality of paternal and offspring rats.Among them,the paternal cartilage was damaged by enhancing matrix degradation,while the offspring cartilage was damaged by reducing matrix synthesis.The cartilage damage in male offspring rats was more evident than in female offspring.It was further confirmed that differential GC regulation mechanisms were the main reasons for the intergenerational differential damage of paternal/offspring cartilage quality caused by PME.In addition,the androgen receptor(AR)and estrogen receptor beta(ERβ)mediated the sex difference of PME-induced fetal cartilage dysplasia by affecting the binding degree of GR/P300.This study provided a theoretical and experimental basis for guiding male healthy lifestyle and exploring early prevention and treatment strategies for paternal diseases.展开更多
Aim To study the influence of electric field direction on the in vitro enhanced transdermal delivery of caffeine by eleetroporation. Methods Using side-by-side compartment diffusion cells method and Ag-Ag/AgCl electro...Aim To study the influence of electric field direction on the in vitro enhanced transdermal delivery of caffeine by eleetroporation. Methods Using side-by-side compartment diffusion cells method and Ag-Ag/AgCl electrodes, the transport of caffeine through human cadaver skin by electroporation （exponentially decaying pulse, pulse voltage = 350 V, pulse frequency = 4 pulses· min^-1, capacity = 22 μF, pulse length = 7 ms, 25 pulses） with different electric field directions was carried out and compared with passive diffusion and iontophoresis （0.25 mA·cm^ - 2, lasted for 4 h）. Results （i） The cumulative quantity and flux of caffeine through human skin were increased significantly by eleetroporation or iontophoresis. （ii） The transport of caffeine by positive iontophoresis （ with electric field from donor to receptor compartment） was significantly greater than that by negative iontophoresis （with electric field from receptor to donor compartment）. （iii） The transport of caffeine by positive eleetroporation （with electric field from donor to receptor compartment） was similar to that by negative eleetroporation （with electric field from receptor to donor compartment）. （iv） The enhancing effect of positive iontophoresis on the transdermal delivery of caffeine was significantly greater than that of electroporation （positive or negative）. Conclusion Electric field direction significantly influences the enhancing effect of iontophoresis on the transdermal delivery of caffeine, but does not influence the enhancing effect of eleetroporation.展开更多
Caffeine is a substance presented in foods such as coffee, tea, soft drinks, chocolates and medicines and is commonly consumed by pregnant women. Due to its ability to cross the placental membrane and accumulate in th...Caffeine is a substance presented in foods such as coffee, tea, soft drinks, chocolates and medicines and is commonly consumed by pregnant women. Due to its ability to cross the placental membrane and accumulate in the fetus body, caffeine and its metabolites have been contraindicated or recommended in small doses during pregnancy. Studies in rodents relate caffeine intake to lower rates of fertilization, embryonic implantation, changes in placental structure, increased occurrence of low fetal and placental weights, abortion and stillbirth. However, in humans, studies involving caffeine consumption are inconclusive. Methodological complexity, difficulty for measuring caffeine intake and ethical reasons are limiting factors for a more accurate conclusion. So far, caffeine recommendation ranges from 100 to 300 mg/day. Even though researches have recommended low caffeine consumption by pregnant women in order to avoid deleterious consequences during gestation, a safe dose has not been established until now. The aim of the present review is to describe the main findings on the effects of caffeine consumption during pregnancy in both human and rodent experimental models.展开更多
The present study was designed to determine the effects of Puer tea and green tea on blood glucose level. Male BALB/c mice were administered green tea extract(GTE) or Puer tea extract(PTE), either intragastrically or ...The present study was designed to determine the effects of Puer tea and green tea on blood glucose level. Male BALB/c mice were administered green tea extract(GTE) or Puer tea extract(PTE), either intragastrically or in their drinking water. The major components of these teas are epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) and caffeine, respectively. Blood glucose measurement results showed that mice fed intragastrically or mice that drank GTE, PTE or caffeine showed significantly lower blood glucose levels compared to the control group. However, EGCG exhibited no influence on the blood glucose levels. When caffeine was eliminated from the GTE and PTE, the effect on the blood glucose levels was abolished, but the effect was recovered when caffeine was re-introduced into the extracts. Evaluation of hematological and biochemical indices at the time of the greatest caffeine-induced decrease in blood glucose levels showed that the effect of caffeine was specific. Microarray analyses were performed in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and mature adipocytes treated with 0.1 mg·m L-1 caffeine to identify factors that might be involved in the mechanisms underlying these effects. The results showed that few genes were changed after caffeine treatment in adipocytes, and of them only phospholipid transfer protein(PLTP) may be ralated to blood glucose. In conclusion, this study indicates that caffeine may be the key constituent of tea that decreases blood glucose levels, and it may be used to treat type 2 diabetes.展开更多
AIM:To determine the molecular mechanisms involved in experimental hepatic fibrosis prevention by caffeine(CFA).METHODS:Liver fibrosis was induced in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal thioacetamide or bile duct ligation ...AIM:To determine the molecular mechanisms involved in experimental hepatic fibrosis prevention by caffeine(CFA).METHODS:Liver fibrosis was induced in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal thioacetamide or bile duct ligation and they were concomitantly treated with CFA(15 mg/kg per day).Fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltrate were evaluated and classified by Knodell index.Inflammatory infiltrate was quantified by immunohistochemistry(anti-CD11b).Gene expression was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for collagenⅠ?(Col-1),connective tissue growth factor(CTGF),transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1),tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),interleukin-1(IL-1),IL-6,superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT).Activation of Nrf2 and Snail-1 was analyzed by Westernblot.TNF-αexpression was proved by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay,CAT activity was performed by zymography.RESULTS:CFA treatment diminished fibrosis index in treated animals.The Knodell index showed both lower fibrosis and necroinflammation.Expression of profibrogenic genes CTGF,Col-1 and TGF-β1 and proinflammatory genes TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1 was substantially diminished with CFA treatment with less CD11b positive areas.Significantly lower values of transcriptional factor Snail-1 were detected in CFA treated rats compared with cirrhotic rats without treatment;in contrast Nrf2was increased in the presence of CFA.Expression of SOD and CAT was greater in animals treated with CFA showing a strong correlation between mRNA expression and enzyme activity.CONCLUSION:Our results suggest that CFA inhibits the transcriptional factor Snail-1,down-regulating profibrogenic genes,and activates Nrf2 inducing antioxidant enzymes system,preventing inflammation and fibrosis.展开更多
Caffeine is the most commonly used medication for treatment of apnea of prematurity. Its effect has been well established in reducing the frequency of apnea, intermittent hypoxemia, and extubation failure in mechanica...Caffeine is the most commonly used medication for treatment of apnea of prematurity. Its effect has been well established in reducing the frequency of apnea, intermittent hypoxemia, and extubation failure in mechanically ventilated preterm infants. Evidence for additional short-term benefits on reducing the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and patent ductus arteriosus has also been suggested. Controversies existamong various neonatal intensive care units in terms of drug efficacy compared to other methylxanthines, dosage regimen, time of initiation, duration of therapy, drug safety and value of therapeutic drug monitoring. In the current review, we will summarize the available evidence for the best practice in using caffeine therapy in preterm infants.展开更多
Caffeine nucleation induction times were measured at 30 °C and 40 °C in water and ethanol solvents employing laser light absorption technique. Supersaturation concentrations and liquid/solid phase surface te...Caffeine nucleation induction times were measured at 30 °C and 40 °C in water and ethanol solvents employing laser light absorption technique. Supersaturation concentrations and liquid/solid phase surface tensions were calculated from crystallization induction times using classic homogeneous nucleation theory. Induction time and surface tension decreased at higher temperature.展开更多
Caffeine is present in products marketed for weight loss, with the purpose of increasing thermogenesis and lipid metabolism. The dosage declared by the product manufacturer, or even its presence, is not always correct...Caffeine is present in products marketed for weight loss, with the purpose of increasing thermogenesis and lipid metabolism. The dosage declared by the product manufacturer, or even its presence, is not always correctly described on the label. This work aimed to investigate the undeclared synthetic caffeine in weight loss formulations by a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection(HPLC-DAD) method. From one hundred products purchased through Brazilian e-commerce, seventeen contained caffeine, either naturally or synthetically added to formulation. The caffeine-containing samples were confirmed by an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS) method, and adulteration was clearly proven in five products. The content highest caffeine contained 448.8 mg per dose. Other irregularities were also found; nevertheless, the most serious was the addition of synthetic drugs without asking the consumers. Additional drugs expose the consumer to more possible side-effects as well as deleterious drug interactions. Intentional adulteration with any unlabeled substance is typically motivated by a desire to increase or alter the claimed effect of the marketed product to gain a commercial advantage.展开更多
Caffeine is considered as one of the most important bioactive components in the popular plant beverages tea,cacao,and coffee,but as a wide-spread plant secondary metabolite its biosynthetic regulation at transcription...Caffeine is considered as one of the most important bioactive components in the popular plant beverages tea,cacao,and coffee,but as a wide-spread plant secondary metabolite its biosynthetic regulation at transcription level remains largely unclear.Here,we report a novel transcription factor Camellia sinensis Senescnece 40(CsS40)as a caffeine biosynthesis regulator,which was discovered during screening a yeast expression library constructed from tea leaf cDNAs for activation of tea caffeine synthase(TCS1)promoter.Besides multiple hits of the non-self-activation CsS40 clones that bound to and activated TCS1 promoter in yeast-one-hybrid assays,a split-luciferase complementation assay demonstrated that CsS40 acts as a transcription factor to activate the CsTCS1 gene and EMSA assay also demonstrated that CsS40 bound to the TCS1 gene promoter.Consistently,immunofluorescence data indicated that CsS40-GFP fusion was localized in the nuclei of tobacco epidermal cells.The expression pattern of CsS40 in‘Fuding Dabai’developing leaves was opposite to that of TCS1;and knockdown and overexpression of CsS40 in tea leaf calli significantly increased and decreased TCS1 expression levels,respectively.The expression levels of CsS40 were also negatively correlated to caffeine accumulation in developing leaves and transgenic calli of‘Fuding Dabai’.Furthermore,overexpression of CsS40 reduced the accumulation of xanthine and hypoxanthine in tobacco plants,meanwhile,increased their susceptibility to aging.CsS40 expression in tea leaves was also induced by senescence-promoting hormones and environmental factors.Taken together,we showed that a novel senescence-related factor CsS40 negatively regulates TCS1 and represses caffeine accumulation in tea cultivar‘Fuding Dabai’.The study provides new insights into caffeine biosynthesis regulation by a plant-specific senescence regulator in tea plants in connection to leaf senescence and hormone signaling.展开更多
Zygotes of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) were treated for triploid induction with caffeine (10 mmol/L, 15mmol/L and 20mmol/L) in combination with thermal shocks (at 40 minute post -fertilization) lasting for 5 an...Zygotes of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) were treated for triploid induction with caffeine (10 mmol/L, 15mmol/L and 20mmol/L) in combination with thermal shocks (at 40 minute post -fertilization) lasting for 5 and 10 minutes. The highest yield of triploids, 41. 5%, was obtained from the treatment with 20 mmol/L caffeine at 34℃ lasting 10 minutes. The triploid levels were less than 30. 0% in other treatments. Triploid indution was more effective in treatment with 15 - 20 mmol/L caffeine at 34 - 38℃ than with lower concentrations of caffeine at temperatures below 32℃. Our results suggest tha triploid induction with caffeine in combination with thermal shocks is less efficient than some other methods reported previously.展开更多
The present letter to editor is related to“Cui WQ,Wang ST,Pan D,Chang B,Sang LX.Caffeine and its main targets of colorectal cancer.World J Gastrointest Oncol 2020;12(2):149-172[DOI:10.4251/wjgo.v12.i2.149]”.
Catechins in green tea have various useful features including antioxidant activity and preventive effects on metabolic syndrome. Various beverages that are enriched with tea catechins are marketed as Foods for Specifi...Catechins in green tea have various useful features including antioxidant activity and preventive effects on metabolic syndrome. Various beverages that are enriched with tea catechins are marketed as Foods for Specified Health Uses (FOSHU) in Japan. However, recent reports have indicated that excessive consumption of green tea extracts as a dietary supplement are associated with adverse health effects such as liver disorders. Various catechins and caffeine are constituents of FOSHU tea-based beverages. The amount of catechins in FOSHU products is displayed on labels as total catechin content, but the content of individual catechins are not provided. Although health hazards of FOSHU products have rarely been reported, precise information about the content and types of catechins in FOSHU products is needed to ensure safety. We used high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array (HPLC/PDA) to simultaneously identify and quantify catechins and caffeine in green tea-based popular beverages and FOSHU beverages. This technique allowed simultaneous quantitation of five types of catechins and caffeine in green tea without complicated sample preparation. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epigallocatechin EGC were the main catechins in various FOSHU beverages and the concentrations of almost all catechins were higher in FOSHU, than in popular green tea-based beverages. The concentrations of EGCG in green tea-based popular beverages and in FOSHU beverages were 5.4 - 7.3 and 10.2 - 41.9 mg/100mL, respectively, with the highest concentration being in a product named Healthya (approximately 147 mg/bottle). The simultaneous determination of compounds such as catechins and caffeine in FOSHU beverages can help to estimate beneficial and adverse effects to prevent deleterious effects on health and the excessive consumption of FOSHU beverages containing high concentrations of tea catechins should be avoided.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Caffeinated energy drinks are with a variety of adverse effects and are of concern information about their adverse effects and inadequate widely used worldwide. They are associated to health authorities, ...BACKGROUND： Caffeinated energy drinks are with a variety of adverse effects and are of concern information about their adverse effects and inadequate widely used worldwide. They are associated to health authorities, yet there is still scarce awareness among medical personnel.METHODS： Case description and discussion of a patient presenting to the emergency room after overdose of energy drinks in combination with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine （MDMA）.RESULTS： Despite best medical efforts, the patient died of fatal cardiac arrhythmias. There is a paucity of information about adverse effects of energy drinks.CONCLUSION： Although energy drinks are widely used, there is a lack of awareness in the population and medical staff about their hazards.展开更多
The dual-choices tests of behavioral test were used to study the gustatory behavioral responses to caffeine of Helicoverpa armigera larvae and H. assulta larvae. Electrophysiological responses were studied by electrop...The dual-choices tests of behavioral test were used to study the gustatory behavioral responses to caffeine of Helicoverpa armigera larvae and H. assulta larvae. Electrophysiological responses were studied by electrophysiological tip recording. Behavioral experiments showed that caffeine was a feeding deterrent for both larvae, but it showed a stronger feeding deterring effect on the oligophagous H. assulta . The electrophysiological tip-recording results showed that both H. armigera larvae and H. assulta larvae had one caffeine-sensitive feeding deterrent neuron at the medial sensilla, and the electrophysiological pulse response of H. assulta larvae was significantly stronger than that of H. armigera larvae. Therefore, caffeine had a stronger feeding deterring effect on the oligophagous H. assulta than the polyphagous H. armigera . The difference in behavioral effect was closely related to the sensitivity of to caffeine the feeding deterrent neurons at the medial sensilla.展开更多
基金supported by the Foundation of Guangxi Innovation Driven Development Project Grant(AA22068080)the Science and Technology Plan of Guangxi(No.ZY22096019,ZY20220101)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52474431)the Research Plan of International Collaboration Fund for Creative Research Teams(ICFCRT)of NSFC(No.W2441008)。
文摘Inhibiting dendrites formation and side-reactions is a critical challenge for practical application of aqueous Zn-ion batteries(AZIBs).Electrolyte additives offer an effective solution to address this problem.Inspired by using green corrosion inhibitor for metals,we introduce caffeine,extracted from tea-leaf,as an additive to achieve stable AZIBs.Caffeine,with its N and O containing groups,strongly adsorbs on the Zn anode and Zn^(2+)ions.This featured adsorption induces the replacement of water molecules from electric double layer(EDL)and solvation shell,suppressing side-reactions such as corrosion and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).Moreover,the selective adsorption and steric hindrance of caffeine promote Zn(002)-oriented deposition,resulting in uniform and compact zinc deposits at both low and high current density and areal capacity.Due to the significantly suppressed dendrites and corrosion,the Coulomb Efficiency(CE)reaches 99.24%after 800 cycles,and the Zn||MnO_(2)battery shows a specific capacity of 167.2 mAh g^(−1)with 81%capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 2 A g^(−1).
文摘Caffeine is a widely consumed stimulant known for its cardiovascular and metabolic effects.However,its impact on cardiovascular risk,including arrhythmias,in older adults remains underexplored.Emerging evidence highlights sex-specific differences in caffeine metabolism,which may influence its role in cardiovascular health.This perspective examines the interaction between caffeine,hormonal changes,metabolic processes,and lifestyle factors,focusing on older women compared to men.Understanding these differences is essential for tailoring dietary and clinical recommendations to mitigate cardiovascular risks and promote healthy aging.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0803900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U23A20407,82414020,81703631)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2024AFB742)。
文摘Prenatal caffeine exposure(PCE)leads to intrauterine growth retardation and altered glucose homeostasis after birth,but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.This study aims to investigate the alteration of pancreatic development and insulin biosynthesis in the PCE female offspring and explore the intrauterine programming mechanism.Pregnant rats were orally treated with 120 mg/(kg·day)of caffeine from gestational day(GD)9 to 20.Results showed that fetal pancreaticβ-cells in the PCE group exhibited reduced mass and impaired insulin synthesis function,as evidenced by decreased expression of developmental and functional genes and reduced pancreatic insulin content.At postnatal week(PW)12,the PCE offspring exhibited glucose intolerance,diminishedβ-cell mass,and lower blood insulin levels.However,by PW28,glucose tolerance showed some improvement.Both in vivo and in vitro findings collectively indicated that excessive serum corticosterone(CORT)levels of the PCE fetuses may act through the activation of the pancreatic glucocorticoid receptor(GR)and recruitment of histone deacetylase 9(HDAC9),leading to H3K9 deacetylation in promoter and downregulation of insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1),thereby inhibiting pancreatic islet morphogenesis and insulin synthesis in fetal rats.Furthermore,the PCE offspring after birth exhibited decreased blood CORT levels,increased H3K9 acetylation in promoter and upregulated gene expression of the pancreatic IGF1 promoter region,accompanied by elevated insulin biosynthesis.However,when exposed to chronic stress,the above changes were totally reversed.Conclusively,“glucocorticoid-insulin like growth factor 1(GC-IGF1)axis”programming may be involved in pancreaticβ-cell dysplasia and dysfunction in the PCE female offspring.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20362,U23A20407,82030111,82104301)Hubei Province’s Outstanding Medical Academic Leader program.
文摘Nicotine,ethanol,and caffeine are the most common exogenous substances in the men’s living environment,but their effects on the cartilage quality in the father and offspring have not been reported.According to the average daily intake of adult men,we constructed a male rat model of paternal mixed exposure(PME)to low-dose nicotine(0.1 mg/(kg·day)),ethanol(0.5 g/(kg·day)),and caffeine(7.5 mg/(kg·day))for 8 weeks.Then,the male rats mated with normal female rats to obtain offspring.The results showed that PME reduced the cartilage quality of paternal and offspring rats.Among them,the paternal cartilage was damaged by enhancing matrix degradation,while the offspring cartilage was damaged by reducing matrix synthesis.The cartilage damage in male offspring rats was more evident than in female offspring.It was further confirmed that differential GC regulation mechanisms were the main reasons for the intergenerational differential damage of paternal/offspring cartilage quality caused by PME.In addition,the androgen receptor(AR)and estrogen receptor beta(ERβ)mediated the sex difference of PME-induced fetal cartilage dysplasia by affecting the binding degree of GR/P300.This study provided a theoretical and experimental basis for guiding male healthy lifestyle and exploring early prevention and treatment strategies for paternal diseases.
文摘Aim To study the influence of electric field direction on the in vitro enhanced transdermal delivery of caffeine by eleetroporation. Methods Using side-by-side compartment diffusion cells method and Ag-Ag/AgCl electrodes, the transport of caffeine through human cadaver skin by electroporation （exponentially decaying pulse, pulse voltage = 350 V, pulse frequency = 4 pulses· min^-1, capacity = 22 μF, pulse length = 7 ms, 25 pulses） with different electric field directions was carried out and compared with passive diffusion and iontophoresis （0.25 mA·cm^ - 2, lasted for 4 h）. Results （i） The cumulative quantity and flux of caffeine through human skin were increased significantly by eleetroporation or iontophoresis. （ii） The transport of caffeine by positive iontophoresis （ with electric field from donor to receptor compartment） was significantly greater than that by negative iontophoresis （with electric field from receptor to donor compartment）. （iii） The transport of caffeine by positive eleetroporation （with electric field from donor to receptor compartment） was similar to that by negative eleetroporation （with electric field from receptor to donor compartment）. （iv） The enhancing effect of positive iontophoresis on the transdermal delivery of caffeine was significantly greater than that of electroporation （positive or negative）. Conclusion Electric field direction significantly influences the enhancing effect of iontophoresis on the transdermal delivery of caffeine, but does not influence the enhancing effect of eleetroporation.
文摘Caffeine is a substance presented in foods such as coffee, tea, soft drinks, chocolates and medicines and is commonly consumed by pregnant women. Due to its ability to cross the placental membrane and accumulate in the fetus body, caffeine and its metabolites have been contraindicated or recommended in small doses during pregnancy. Studies in rodents relate caffeine intake to lower rates of fertilization, embryonic implantation, changes in placental structure, increased occurrence of low fetal and placental weights, abortion and stillbirth. However, in humans, studies involving caffeine consumption are inconclusive. Methodological complexity, difficulty for measuring caffeine intake and ethical reasons are limiting factors for a more accurate conclusion. So far, caffeine recommendation ranges from 100 to 300 mg/day. Even though researches have recommended low caffeine consumption by pregnant women in order to avoid deleterious consequences during gestation, a safe dose has not been established until now. The aim of the present review is to describe the main findings on the effects of caffeine consumption during pregnancy in both human and rodent experimental models.
文摘The present study was designed to determine the effects of Puer tea and green tea on blood glucose level. Male BALB/c mice were administered green tea extract(GTE) or Puer tea extract(PTE), either intragastrically or in their drinking water. The major components of these teas are epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) and caffeine, respectively. Blood glucose measurement results showed that mice fed intragastrically or mice that drank GTE, PTE or caffeine showed significantly lower blood glucose levels compared to the control group. However, EGCG exhibited no influence on the blood glucose levels. When caffeine was eliminated from the GTE and PTE, the effect on the blood glucose levels was abolished, but the effect was recovered when caffeine was re-introduced into the extracts. Evaluation of hematological and biochemical indices at the time of the greatest caffeine-induced decrease in blood glucose levels showed that the effect of caffeine was specific. Microarray analyses were performed in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and mature adipocytes treated with 0.1 mg·m L-1 caffeine to identify factors that might be involved in the mechanisms underlying these effects. The results showed that few genes were changed after caffeine treatment in adipocytes, and of them only phospholipid transfer protein(PLTP) may be ralated to blood glucose. In conclusion, this study indicates that caffeine may be the key constituent of tea that decreases blood glucose levels, and it may be used to treat type 2 diabetes.
基金Supported by Conacyt grant No.25474 to Juan ArmendárizBorunda
文摘AIM:To determine the molecular mechanisms involved in experimental hepatic fibrosis prevention by caffeine(CFA).METHODS:Liver fibrosis was induced in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal thioacetamide or bile duct ligation and they were concomitantly treated with CFA(15 mg/kg per day).Fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltrate were evaluated and classified by Knodell index.Inflammatory infiltrate was quantified by immunohistochemistry(anti-CD11b).Gene expression was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for collagenⅠ?(Col-1),connective tissue growth factor(CTGF),transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1),tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),interleukin-1(IL-1),IL-6,superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT).Activation of Nrf2 and Snail-1 was analyzed by Westernblot.TNF-αexpression was proved by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay,CAT activity was performed by zymography.RESULTS:CFA treatment diminished fibrosis index in treated animals.The Knodell index showed both lower fibrosis and necroinflammation.Expression of profibrogenic genes CTGF,Col-1 and TGF-β1 and proinflammatory genes TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1 was substantially diminished with CFA treatment with less CD11b positive areas.Significantly lower values of transcriptional factor Snail-1 were detected in CFA treated rats compared with cirrhotic rats without treatment;in contrast Nrf2was increased in the presence of CFA.Expression of SOD and CAT was greater in animals treated with CFA showing a strong correlation between mRNA expression and enzyme activity.CONCLUSION:Our results suggest that CFA inhibits the transcriptional factor Snail-1,down-regulating profibrogenic genes,and activates Nrf2 inducing antioxidant enzymes system,preventing inflammation and fibrosis.
文摘Caffeine is the most commonly used medication for treatment of apnea of prematurity. Its effect has been well established in reducing the frequency of apnea, intermittent hypoxemia, and extubation failure in mechanically ventilated preterm infants. Evidence for additional short-term benefits on reducing the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and patent ductus arteriosus has also been suggested. Controversies existamong various neonatal intensive care units in terms of drug efficacy compared to other methylxanthines, dosage regimen, time of initiation, duration of therapy, drug safety and value of therapeutic drug monitoring. In the current review, we will summarize the available evidence for the best practice in using caffeine therapy in preterm infants.
文摘Caffeine nucleation induction times were measured at 30 °C and 40 °C in water and ethanol solvents employing laser light absorption technique. Supersaturation concentrations and liquid/solid phase surface tensions were calculated from crystallization induction times using classic homogeneous nucleation theory. Induction time and surface tension decreased at higher temperature.
文摘Caffeine is present in products marketed for weight loss, with the purpose of increasing thermogenesis and lipid metabolism. The dosage declared by the product manufacturer, or even its presence, is not always correctly described on the label. This work aimed to investigate the undeclared synthetic caffeine in weight loss formulations by a high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection(HPLC-DAD) method. From one hundred products purchased through Brazilian e-commerce, seventeen contained caffeine, either naturally or synthetically added to formulation. The caffeine-containing samples were confirmed by an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS) method, and adulteration was clearly proven in five products. The content highest caffeine contained 448.8 mg per dose. Other irregularities were also found; nevertheless, the most serious was the addition of synthetic drugs without asking the consumers. Additional drugs expose the consumer to more possible side-effects as well as deleterious drug interactions. Intentional adulteration with any unlabeled substance is typically motivated by a desire to increase or alter the claimed effect of the marketed product to gain a commercial advantage.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(3226180451,3226180488)Guizhou Province Outstanding Young Scientific and Technological Talent Cultivation Project(Qiankehe PlatformTalent[2019]5651)Guizhou Province Science and Technology Planning Project(Qiankehe Support[2021]General 111).
文摘Caffeine is considered as one of the most important bioactive components in the popular plant beverages tea,cacao,and coffee,but as a wide-spread plant secondary metabolite its biosynthetic regulation at transcription level remains largely unclear.Here,we report a novel transcription factor Camellia sinensis Senescnece 40(CsS40)as a caffeine biosynthesis regulator,which was discovered during screening a yeast expression library constructed from tea leaf cDNAs for activation of tea caffeine synthase(TCS1)promoter.Besides multiple hits of the non-self-activation CsS40 clones that bound to and activated TCS1 promoter in yeast-one-hybrid assays,a split-luciferase complementation assay demonstrated that CsS40 acts as a transcription factor to activate the CsTCS1 gene and EMSA assay also demonstrated that CsS40 bound to the TCS1 gene promoter.Consistently,immunofluorescence data indicated that CsS40-GFP fusion was localized in the nuclei of tobacco epidermal cells.The expression pattern of CsS40 in‘Fuding Dabai’developing leaves was opposite to that of TCS1;and knockdown and overexpression of CsS40 in tea leaf calli significantly increased and decreased TCS1 expression levels,respectively.The expression levels of CsS40 were also negatively correlated to caffeine accumulation in developing leaves and transgenic calli of‘Fuding Dabai’.Furthermore,overexpression of CsS40 reduced the accumulation of xanthine and hypoxanthine in tobacco plants,meanwhile,increased their susceptibility to aging.CsS40 expression in tea leaves was also induced by senescence-promoting hormones and environmental factors.Taken together,we showed that a novel senescence-related factor CsS40 negatively regulates TCS1 and represses caffeine accumulation in tea cultivar‘Fuding Dabai’.The study provides new insights into caffeine biosynthesis regulation by a plant-specific senescence regulator in tea plants in connection to leaf senescence and hormone signaling.
文摘Zygotes of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) were treated for triploid induction with caffeine (10 mmol/L, 15mmol/L and 20mmol/L) in combination with thermal shocks (at 40 minute post -fertilization) lasting for 5 and 10 minutes. The highest yield of triploids, 41. 5%, was obtained from the treatment with 20 mmol/L caffeine at 34℃ lasting 10 minutes. The triploid levels were less than 30. 0% in other treatments. Triploid indution was more effective in treatment with 15 - 20 mmol/L caffeine at 34 - 38℃ than with lower concentrations of caffeine at temperatures below 32℃. Our results suggest tha triploid induction with caffeine in combination with thermal shocks is less efficient than some other methods reported previously.
文摘The present letter to editor is related to“Cui WQ,Wang ST,Pan D,Chang B,Sang LX.Caffeine and its main targets of colorectal cancer.World J Gastrointest Oncol 2020;12(2):149-172[DOI:10.4251/wjgo.v12.i2.149]”.
文摘Catechins in green tea have various useful features including antioxidant activity and preventive effects on metabolic syndrome. Various beverages that are enriched with tea catechins are marketed as Foods for Specified Health Uses (FOSHU) in Japan. However, recent reports have indicated that excessive consumption of green tea extracts as a dietary supplement are associated with adverse health effects such as liver disorders. Various catechins and caffeine are constituents of FOSHU tea-based beverages. The amount of catechins in FOSHU products is displayed on labels as total catechin content, but the content of individual catechins are not provided. Although health hazards of FOSHU products have rarely been reported, precise information about the content and types of catechins in FOSHU products is needed to ensure safety. We used high-performance liquid chromatography with a photodiode array (HPLC/PDA) to simultaneously identify and quantify catechins and caffeine in green tea-based popular beverages and FOSHU beverages. This technique allowed simultaneous quantitation of five types of catechins and caffeine in green tea without complicated sample preparation. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epigallocatechin EGC were the main catechins in various FOSHU beverages and the concentrations of almost all catechins were higher in FOSHU, than in popular green tea-based beverages. The concentrations of EGCG in green tea-based popular beverages and in FOSHU beverages were 5.4 - 7.3 and 10.2 - 41.9 mg/100mL, respectively, with the highest concentration being in a product named Healthya (approximately 147 mg/bottle). The simultaneous determination of compounds such as catechins and caffeine in FOSHU beverages can help to estimate beneficial and adverse effects to prevent deleterious effects on health and the excessive consumption of FOSHU beverages containing high concentrations of tea catechins should be avoided.
文摘BACKGROUND： Caffeinated energy drinks are with a variety of adverse effects and are of concern information about their adverse effects and inadequate widely used worldwide. They are associated to health authorities, yet there is still scarce awareness among medical personnel.METHODS： Case description and discussion of a patient presenting to the emergency room after overdose of energy drinks in combination with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine （MDMA）.RESULTS： Despite best medical efforts, the patient died of fatal cardiac arrhythmias. There is a paucity of information about adverse effects of energy drinks.CONCLUSION： Although energy drinks are widely used, there is a lack of awareness in the population and medical staff about their hazards.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31201750)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2016JJ4009)
文摘The dual-choices tests of behavioral test were used to study the gustatory behavioral responses to caffeine of Helicoverpa armigera larvae and H. assulta larvae. Electrophysiological responses were studied by electrophysiological tip recording. Behavioral experiments showed that caffeine was a feeding deterrent for both larvae, but it showed a stronger feeding deterring effect on the oligophagous H. assulta . The electrophysiological tip-recording results showed that both H. armigera larvae and H. assulta larvae had one caffeine-sensitive feeding deterrent neuron at the medial sensilla, and the electrophysiological pulse response of H. assulta larvae was significantly stronger than that of H. armigera larvae. Therefore, caffeine had a stronger feeding deterring effect on the oligophagous H. assulta than the polyphagous H. armigera . The difference in behavioral effect was closely related to the sensitivity of to caffeine the feeding deterrent neurons at the medial sensilla.
