The low incidence of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma(cHCC-CCA)is an important factor limiting research progression.Our study extensively included nearly three decades of relevant literature and assembled th...The low incidence of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma(cHCC-CCA)is an important factor limiting research progression.Our study extensively included nearly three decades of relevant literature and assembled the most comprehensive database comprising 5,742 patients with cHCC-CCA.We summarized the characteristics,tumor markers,and clinical features of these patients.Additionally,we present the evolution of cHCC-CCA classification and explain the underlying rationale for these classification standards.We reviewed cHCC-CCA diagnostic advances using imaging features,tumor markers,and postoperative pathology,as well as treatment options such as surgical,adjuvant,and immune-targeted therapies.In addition,recent advances in more effective chemotherapeutic regimens and immune-targeted therapies were explored.Furthermore,we described the molecular mutation features and potential specific markers of cHCC-CCA.The prognostic value of Nestin has been proven,and we speculate that Nestin will also play a role in classification and diagnosis.However,further research is needed.Moreover,we believe that the possibility of using machine learning liquid biopsy for preoperative diagnosis and establishing a scoring system are directions for future research.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[82160578]the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province[20212BCJ23024]the Health Department of Jiangxi Province[202130346].
文摘The low incidence of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma(cHCC-CCA)is an important factor limiting research progression.Our study extensively included nearly three decades of relevant literature and assembled the most comprehensive database comprising 5,742 patients with cHCC-CCA.We summarized the characteristics,tumor markers,and clinical features of these patients.Additionally,we present the evolution of cHCC-CCA classification and explain the underlying rationale for these classification standards.We reviewed cHCC-CCA diagnostic advances using imaging features,tumor markers,and postoperative pathology,as well as treatment options such as surgical,adjuvant,and immune-targeted therapies.In addition,recent advances in more effective chemotherapeutic regimens and immune-targeted therapies were explored.Furthermore,we described the molecular mutation features and potential specific markers of cHCC-CCA.The prognostic value of Nestin has been proven,and we speculate that Nestin will also play a role in classification and diagnosis.However,further research is needed.Moreover,we believe that the possibility of using machine learning liquid biopsy for preoperative diagnosis and establishing a scoring system are directions for future research.
