With increasing awareness of sustainability, demands on optimized design of building shapes with a view to maximize its thermal performance have become stronger. Current research focuses more on building envelopes tha...With increasing awareness of sustainability, demands on optimized design of building shapes with a view to maximize its thermal performance have become stronger. Current research focuses more on building envelopes than shapes, and thermal comfort of building occupants has not been considered in maximizing thermal performance in building shape optimization. This paper attempts to develop an innovative ANN (artificial neural network)-exhaustive-listing method to optimize the building shapes and envelope physical properties in achieving maximum thermal performance as measured by both thermal load and comfort hour. After verified, the developed method is applied to four different building shapes in five different climate zones in China. It is found that the building shape needs to be treated separately to achieve sufficient accuracy of prediction of thermal performance and that the ANN is an accurate technique to develop models of discomfort hour with errors of less than 1.5%. It is also found that the optimal solutions favor the smallest window-to-external surface area with triple-layer low-E windows and insulation thickness of greater than 90 mm. The merit of the developed method is that it can rapidly reach the optimal solutions for most types of building shapes with more than two objective functions and large number of design variables.展开更多
The objective of this paper is to design units with well-lighted environment and low-energy consumption in the apartment building. Their daylight and energy performance can be determined by the building shape and orie...The objective of this paper is to design units with well-lighted environment and low-energy consumption in the apartment building. Their daylight and energy performance can be determined by the building shape and orientation. The paper initially produced the results of illuminations and energy efficiency using the daylight and thermal simulations by Autodesk ＂ECOTECT＂. It then provided the comparison on simulation results of two type buildings： Flat-type and L-type apartment. The available options for the design incorporating the environmental performance have less flexibility in fiat-type apartments than in L-type ones. The best unit in the fiat apartment is fixed from -45 to 45 degrees rotation, however, that in the L-type one can change depending on rotating the building. Moreover, if the upper level units had the appropriate environment, the lower level could have larger window areas in order to meet those daylight performance needs. Results show that the facade design should have the different window areas depending on the location of each unit. It can assist in the comfort and low-energy consumption design by using simulation tools that achieve the more predictable understandings.展开更多
Many skyscrapers have installed wind turbine systems to use new renewable energy. In particular, building an integrated wind power generation system by installing a wind power generator inside a building is an attract...Many skyscrapers have installed wind turbine systems to use new renewable energy. In particular, building an integrated wind power generation system by installing a wind power generator inside a building is an attractive method to secure safe energy. However, most studies have dealt with the efficiency of wind turbines and the response effects of wind induced vibration; space preparation for wind turbine installations has not been sufficiently considered. This work reviewed the shapes of openings where wind turbines can be installed in skyscrapers, and the characteristics of wind induced vibration responses occurring in the building with changes in cross sectional area. Nine wind power models were constructed to carry out the experiment. According to the experimental results, wind speed varies with shape of opening in the order of C-type>S-type>R-type. Moreover, wind speed increases as the area is reduced.展开更多
in desisncede, some design knowledse about wind load on buildinss, i. e. ,wind load coefficient of building shape μs, is diasraniniatically prescribed.Wind pressure on a building surface partly depends on the shapo o...in desisncede, some design knowledse about wind load on buildinss, i. e. ,wind load coefficient of building shape μs, is diasraniniatically prescribed.Wind pressure on a building surface partly depends on the shapo of the surfaceand the dimension of the building. This part of desisn knowledge can not bedirectly used in CAD systems.It must be prucesaed in order to autogenerate thewind load on a building for the niechanical analysis of the building structure.The article presents the formalization of design knowledge about wind load onbuildings. A mathematical model for the plane seonietrical contour of buildingstructure is established. The map relationship between the shape, dimension ofbuilding and wind load coefficient of building shape is numerically depicted.Therefore, the autogeneration of wind load on building structure isaccomplished. The data structure and algorithm related to the accomplishmentare also described in details.展开更多
INTRODUCTION On the basis of dynamic building simulations within a maximal realistic framework,it may be useful with respect to the overall energy balance to dispense with pursuing a minimal surface/volume ratio of bu...INTRODUCTION On the basis of dynamic building simulations within a maximal realistic framework,it may be useful with respect to the overall energy balance to dispense with pursuing a minimal surface/volume ratio of buildings-thus minimizing heat losses across the building shell-in favor of solar energy use.The specific use of the building(here:office or residential)plays a crucial role.Balancing the energy demand for heating and cooling and a possible photovoltaic yield,a surplus is possible in all cases under investigation.Long,low unobstructed buildings perform best due to large portions of roof area suitable for solar energy use.For tall buildings with less roof area,parts of the facades may be used for solar applications which makes them also perform better than compact designs.If the total energy demand including auxiliary energy for HVAC and especially electricity for the office and residential usages,respectively,is considered,compact cubatures of the size considered here(about 3500 m^(2))are not capable of providing positive energy balances.Residential usage performs worse than office use.Investigations are performed for the climatic conditions of Berlin,Germany.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.2017CFB602)Hunan Provincial Department of Housing and Urban Rural Development(Grant No.KY2016063)+1 种基金Wuhan Committee of Municipal and Rural Construction(Grant No.2015191)Wuhan University of Technology(Grant Nos.40120171,20410632,20410646,and 35400206).
文摘With increasing awareness of sustainability, demands on optimized design of building shapes with a view to maximize its thermal performance have become stronger. Current research focuses more on building envelopes than shapes, and thermal comfort of building occupants has not been considered in maximizing thermal performance in building shape optimization. This paper attempts to develop an innovative ANN (artificial neural network)-exhaustive-listing method to optimize the building shapes and envelope physical properties in achieving maximum thermal performance as measured by both thermal load and comfort hour. After verified, the developed method is applied to four different building shapes in five different climate zones in China. It is found that the building shape needs to be treated separately to achieve sufficient accuracy of prediction of thermal performance and that the ANN is an accurate technique to develop models of discomfort hour with errors of less than 1.5%. It is also found that the optimal solutions favor the smallest window-to-external surface area with triple-layer low-E windows and insulation thickness of greater than 90 mm. The merit of the developed method is that it can rapidly reach the optimal solutions for most types of building shapes with more than two objective functions and large number of design variables.
文摘The objective of this paper is to design units with well-lighted environment and low-energy consumption in the apartment building. Their daylight and energy performance can be determined by the building shape and orientation. The paper initially produced the results of illuminations and energy efficiency using the daylight and thermal simulations by Autodesk ＂ECOTECT＂. It then provided the comparison on simulation results of two type buildings： Flat-type and L-type apartment. The available options for the design incorporating the environmental performance have less flexibility in fiat-type apartments than in L-type ones. The best unit in the fiat apartment is fixed from -45 to 45 degrees rotation, however, that in the L-type one can change depending on rotating the building. Moreover, if the upper level units had the appropriate environment, the lower level could have larger window areas in order to meet those daylight performance needs. Results show that the facade design should have the different window areas depending on the location of each unit. It can assist in the comfort and low-energy consumption design by using simulation tools that achieve the more predictable understandings.
基金Project(2011-0028567)supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea
文摘Many skyscrapers have installed wind turbine systems to use new renewable energy. In particular, building an integrated wind power generation system by installing a wind power generator inside a building is an attractive method to secure safe energy. However, most studies have dealt with the efficiency of wind turbines and the response effects of wind induced vibration; space preparation for wind turbine installations has not been sufficiently considered. This work reviewed the shapes of openings where wind turbines can be installed in skyscrapers, and the characteristics of wind induced vibration responses occurring in the building with changes in cross sectional area. Nine wind power models were constructed to carry out the experiment. According to the experimental results, wind speed varies with shape of opening in the order of C-type>S-type>R-type. Moreover, wind speed increases as the area is reduced.
文摘in desisncede, some design knowledse about wind load on buildinss, i. e. ,wind load coefficient of building shape μs, is diasraniniatically prescribed.Wind pressure on a building surface partly depends on the shapo of the surfaceand the dimension of the building. This part of desisn knowledge can not bedirectly used in CAD systems.It must be prucesaed in order to autogenerate thewind load on a building for the niechanical analysis of the building structure.The article presents the formalization of design knowledge about wind load onbuildings. A mathematical model for the plane seonietrical contour of buildingstructure is established. The map relationship between the shape, dimension ofbuilding and wind load coefficient of building shape is numerically depicted.Therefore, the autogeneration of wind load on building structure isaccomplished. The data structure and algorithm related to the accomplishmentare also described in details.
文摘INTRODUCTION On the basis of dynamic building simulations within a maximal realistic framework,it may be useful with respect to the overall energy balance to dispense with pursuing a minimal surface/volume ratio of buildings-thus minimizing heat losses across the building shell-in favor of solar energy use.The specific use of the building(here:office or residential)plays a crucial role.Balancing the energy demand for heating and cooling and a possible photovoltaic yield,a surplus is possible in all cases under investigation.Long,low unobstructed buildings perform best due to large portions of roof area suitable for solar energy use.For tall buildings with less roof area,parts of the facades may be used for solar applications which makes them also perform better than compact designs.If the total energy demand including auxiliary energy for HVAC and especially electricity for the office and residential usages,respectively,is considered,compact cubatures of the size considered here(about 3500 m^(2))are not capable of providing positive energy balances.Residential usage performs worse than office use.Investigations are performed for the climatic conditions of Berlin,Germany.
