Green building rating tools used for planning and assessing the impact of buildings on the environment are continually revised in line with user needs. The appropriateness of tools for the Zambian building industry de...Green building rating tools used for planning and assessing the impact of buildings on the environment are continually revised in line with user needs. The appropriateness of tools for the Zambian building industry depends on whether the tools adequately meet minimum green buildings standards and the country’s environmental aspirations. The utilization of green building rating tools is important if Zambia is to achieve the real benefits of green buildings, however very little is known about the levels of utilization in Zambia. A cross-sectional study of 115 professionals from the building industry in Zambia was undertaken using a sequential mixed method approach, to investigate the level of utilization, preferred criteria and, the barriers and drivers to the utilization of tools. The significance of the study was that it demonstrated the association between utilization of green building rating tools and environmental, technological, economic, and social green buildings practices by selected professionals in the Zambian building industry. There is a need to use materials and practices that are locally based and promote the local economy. The technical needs were met in tools, that were considered easy to use, interesting and comprehensive. Some of the green building rating tools were considered unsuitable due to the absence of appropriate criteria and the main economic challenge was the high cost of certification. The association was significant between utilization and those involved in a variety of projects than those who were involved in only residential buildings. Barriers to utilization were a lack of government regulations on green buildings designs and the high cost of certification. The drivers were environmental benefits, the interest of developers in green buildings, and having technical skills. The study recommends a review of the current building regulations to include green buildings practices and materials and adaptation of appropriate rating tools.展开更多
The heating,ventilating,and air conditioning(HVAC)system consumes nearly 50%of the building’s energy,especially in Taiwan with a hot and humid climate.Due to the challenges in obtaining energy sources and the negativ...The heating,ventilating,and air conditioning(HVAC)system consumes nearly 50%of the building’s energy,especially in Taiwan with a hot and humid climate.Due to the challenges in obtaining energy sources and the negative impacts of excessive energy use on the environment,it is essential to employ an energy-efficient HVAC system.This study conducted the machine tools building in a university.The field measurement was carried out,and the data were used to conduct energymodelling with EnergyPlus(EP)in order to discover some improvements in energy-efficient design.The validation between fieldmeasurement and energymodelling was performed,and the error rate was less than 10%.The following strategies were proposed in this study based on several energy-efficient approaches,including room temperature settings,chilled water supply temperature settings,chiller coefficient of performance(COP),shading,and building location.Energy-efficient approaches have been evaluated and could reduce energy consumption annually.The results reveal that the proposed energy-efficient approaches of room temperature settings(3.8%),chilled water supply temperature settings(2.1%),chiller COP(5.9%),using shading(9.1%),and building location(3.0%),respectively,could reduce energy consumption.The analysis discovered that using a well-performing HVAC system and building shading were effective in lowering the amount of energy used,and the energy modelling method could be an effective and satisfactory tool in determining potential energy savings.展开更多
传统建筑结构试验教学中通常采用单人测试仿真软件,学生交互性不足。因此,文章提出一种基于Virtools的建筑结构试验多人协作仿真实训平台设计方法。该平台采用集成力反馈手柄和VR头显设备作为平台交互终端,再通过Virtools建模软件构建...传统建筑结构试验教学中通常采用单人测试仿真软件,学生交互性不足。因此,文章提出一种基于Virtools的建筑结构试验多人协作仿真实训平台设计方法。该平台采用集成力反馈手柄和VR头显设备作为平台交互终端,再通过Virtools建模软件构建模型头部、躯体和四肢,连接后贴上制作的UV,完成虚拟角色;调用Connect To Server BB通信模块设计共享内存空间架构,实现角色交互协作;将可交互的角色通过集成网络通信引擎,分布式传入渲染出的建筑结构试验场景;以实际的建筑结构试验场景为原型,模拟多人协作的仿真实训。测试结果显示,该仿真平台允许多人同时在线协作进行建筑结构试验,与传统的平台相比时延、同步精度、帧率等方面均有提升,进而提升了实训教学效果。展开更多
This paper reviews the major North American and Australian sustainability rating tools to determine how they measure building energy performance.It then reviews the major building energy simulation software packages.T...This paper reviews the major North American and Australian sustainability rating tools to determine how they measure building energy performance.It then reviews the major building energy simulation software packages.The paper then details some of the literature surrounding predicted vs.actual energy performance in green buildings,and concludes with an argument for a more performance-orientated ratings regime.展开更多
文摘Green building rating tools used for planning and assessing the impact of buildings on the environment are continually revised in line with user needs. The appropriateness of tools for the Zambian building industry depends on whether the tools adequately meet minimum green buildings standards and the country’s environmental aspirations. The utilization of green building rating tools is important if Zambia is to achieve the real benefits of green buildings, however very little is known about the levels of utilization in Zambia. A cross-sectional study of 115 professionals from the building industry in Zambia was undertaken using a sequential mixed method approach, to investigate the level of utilization, preferred criteria and, the barriers and drivers to the utilization of tools. The significance of the study was that it demonstrated the association between utilization of green building rating tools and environmental, technological, economic, and social green buildings practices by selected professionals in the Zambian building industry. There is a need to use materials and practices that are locally based and promote the local economy. The technical needs were met in tools, that were considered easy to use, interesting and comprehensive. Some of the green building rating tools were considered unsuitable due to the absence of appropriate criteria and the main economic challenge was the high cost of certification. The association was significant between utilization and those involved in a variety of projects than those who were involved in only residential buildings. Barriers to utilization were a lack of government regulations on green buildings designs and the high cost of certification. The drivers were environmental benefits, the interest of developers in green buildings, and having technical skills. The study recommends a review of the current building regulations to include green buildings practices and materials and adaptation of appropriate rating tools.
基金support by the Ministry of Science and Technology under Grant No.MOST 108-2622-E-169-006-CC3.
文摘The heating,ventilating,and air conditioning(HVAC)system consumes nearly 50%of the building’s energy,especially in Taiwan with a hot and humid climate.Due to the challenges in obtaining energy sources and the negative impacts of excessive energy use on the environment,it is essential to employ an energy-efficient HVAC system.This study conducted the machine tools building in a university.The field measurement was carried out,and the data were used to conduct energymodelling with EnergyPlus(EP)in order to discover some improvements in energy-efficient design.The validation between fieldmeasurement and energymodelling was performed,and the error rate was less than 10%.The following strategies were proposed in this study based on several energy-efficient approaches,including room temperature settings,chilled water supply temperature settings,chiller coefficient of performance(COP),shading,and building location.Energy-efficient approaches have been evaluated and could reduce energy consumption annually.The results reveal that the proposed energy-efficient approaches of room temperature settings(3.8%),chilled water supply temperature settings(2.1%),chiller COP(5.9%),using shading(9.1%),and building location(3.0%),respectively,could reduce energy consumption.The analysis discovered that using a well-performing HVAC system and building shading were effective in lowering the amount of energy used,and the energy modelling method could be an effective and satisfactory tool in determining potential energy savings.
文摘传统建筑结构试验教学中通常采用单人测试仿真软件,学生交互性不足。因此,文章提出一种基于Virtools的建筑结构试验多人协作仿真实训平台设计方法。该平台采用集成力反馈手柄和VR头显设备作为平台交互终端,再通过Virtools建模软件构建模型头部、躯体和四肢,连接后贴上制作的UV,完成虚拟角色;调用Connect To Server BB通信模块设计共享内存空间架构,实现角色交互协作;将可交互的角色通过集成网络通信引擎,分布式传入渲染出的建筑结构试验场景;以实际的建筑结构试验场景为原型,模拟多人协作的仿真实训。测试结果显示,该仿真平台允许多人同时在线协作进行建筑结构试验,与传统的平台相比时延、同步精度、帧率等方面均有提升,进而提升了实训教学效果。
文摘This paper reviews the major North American and Australian sustainability rating tools to determine how they measure building energy performance.It then reviews the major building energy simulation software packages.The paper then details some of the literature surrounding predicted vs.actual energy performance in green buildings,and concludes with an argument for a more performance-orientated ratings regime.
