[Objective]The study aimed to carry out RAPD analysis of genetic diversity of common and tartary buckwheat varieties.[Method] The genetic diversity of 19 common and tartary buckwheat varieties including the tested var...[Objective]The study aimed to carry out RAPD analysis of genetic diversity of common and tartary buckwheat varieties.[Method] The genetic diversity of 19 common and tartary buckwheat varieties including the tested varieties in Guizhou region during 1999-2010 and their parents were studied using 7 primers by means of random amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD）.[Result]A total of 149 DNA bands were obtained.In which,141 bands were polymorphic,accounting for 94.89%.Polymorphism analysis and cluster analysis showed that all varieties had their own special bands different from each other.The varieties native to Weining were close to each other,and other common buckwheat varieties were obviously different from each other.The interspecific genetic variation was the greatest;the intraspecific genetic variation of common buckwheat varieties was greater than that of tartary buckwheat varieties.[Conclusion]The RAPD fingerprints of the 19 buckwheat varieties were established in present study.展开更多
Drought is a major environmental constraint that significantly affects seedling emergence,yield,and quality of Tartary buckwheat,thereby hindering the development of its industry.However,the molecular mechanisms under...Drought is a major environmental constraint that significantly affects seedling emergence,yield,and quality of Tartary buckwheat,thereby hindering the development of its industry.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying drought tolerance genes in Tartary buckwheat remain largely unexplored.Alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH),an essential plant protein,plays a crucial role in growth,development,and stress responses;however,its specific role in drought resistance remains unclear.This study identifies an ADH gene,FtADH1,using a membership function value of drought tolerance(MFVD)combined with a genome-wide association study(GWAS)and transcriptomic profiles that confer drought tolerance in Tartary buckwheat.Our findings demonstrated that the overexpression of FtADH1 in Arabidopsis and Tartary buckwheat hairy roots enhances drought tolerance by promoting root elongation and mitigating elevated levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Our findings demonstrate that FtADH1 can enhance drought tolerance in Tartary buckwheat and Arabidopsis.This study identifies FtADH1 as a new regulator of Tartary buckwheat’s ROS levels and stress responses,functioning by regulating protective enzyme activities at a high level to scavenge ROS and modulating root growth under drought stress.Further,it identifies proteins interacting with FtADH1 through a prokaryotic expression pull-down assay combined with mass spectrometry,revealing that FtADH1 interacts explicitly with the S-adenosyl-L-methionine(SAM)synthetase protein,FtSAMS1.Overexpression of FtSAMS1 enhances ADH enzymatic activity,leading to increased SAM content in overexpressing Tartary buckwheat hairy roots under water-deficit conditions.Additionally,overexpression of FtSAMS1 induces a drought-resistant phenotype in Arabidopsis and Tartary buckwheat hairy roots under drought stress,revealing the biological function of FtADH1.Evolutionary analysis indicates that ADH1 in Fagopyrum species has undergone significant evolutionary events,including duplication and purifying selection,which may contribute to functional diversification and adaptive advantages such as drought resistance in cultivated buckwheat.In summary,this study suggests that FtADH1 is a key contributor to drought tolerance,and its interaction with FtSAMS1 offers promising potential for developing drought-resistant varieties in Tartary buckwheat and its relative species.展开更多
Accurate and timely estimation of above-ground biomass is crucial for understanding crop growth dynamics,optimizing agricultural input management,and assessing productivity in sustainable farming practices.However,con...Accurate and timely estimation of above-ground biomass is crucial for understanding crop growth dynamics,optimizing agricultural input management,and assessing productivity in sustainable farming practices.However,conventional biomass assessments are destructive and resource-intensive.In contrast,remote sensing techniques,particularly those utilizing low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles,provide a non-destructive approach to collect imagery data on plant canopy features,including spectral reflectance and structural details at any stage of the crop life cycle.This study explores the potential visible-light-derived vegetative indices to improve biomass prediction during the flowering period of buckwheat(Fagopyrum tataricum).Red,green,and blue(RGB)images of buckwheat were acquired during peak flowering,using a DJI P4 multispectral Drone.From the analysis of those images,four vegetative indices were calculated.Aboveground fresh biomass was harvested and measured on 14 September 2024.The results showed negative correlations between the green-band based excess green(ExG),excess green minus excess red(ExGR),and green leaf index(GLI)indices and the fresh above-ground biomass of buckwheat,while the red band-based excess red(ExR)index showed an insignificant positive correlation at p<0.10.An investigation into greenband-based vegetation indices(VIs)for estimating fresh biomass revealed significant negative correlations during the experimental period.This unexpected inverse relationship is attributed to spectral interference from abundant white flowers during the flowering stage,where the high reflectance of white petals masked the green vegetation signal.Consequently,these green-band VIs demonstrated limited predictive power for biomass under such conditions,indicating that their utility is compromised when floral reflectance is dominant.Therefore,we suggest that further experiments are required to validate this relationship and improve the estimation of fresh above-ground biomass in white-flowered buckwheat plants.展开更多
Given severe health-hazardous effects of aflatoxin B1(AFB1) widely occurring in cereal grains and animal feeds,it is highly urgent to develop analytical methods for its rapid screening.In this work,we proposed a simpl...Given severe health-hazardous effects of aflatoxin B1(AFB1) widely occurring in cereal grains and animal feeds,it is highly urgent to develop analytical methods for its rapid screening.In this work,we proposed a simple and high-throughput method for the determination of AFB1 in millet and buckwheat samples using high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC) linked to fluorescence densitometry.The first step was to optimize the solid-liquid extraction for the crude clean-up of the samples.The QuEChERS(Quick,Easy,Cheap,Effective,Robust and Safe) extraction strategy was used and different solvent systems for their extraction efficiency of AFB1 from the samples were evaluated.Then,trichloromethane:ethyl acetate(7:3,V/V) was used as the mobile phase to realize the separation of the targeted compound from background noises on silica gel plates.Quantification was readily performed with densitometry in fluorescence mode.In order to fix the optimal excitation wavelength,spectra scanning ranging 250-400 nm was carried out,revealing that 364 nm light gave the highest signal.With the optimized optical system,high sensitivity to AFB1 was achieved,with a limit of detection(LOD) at 3 μg/kg.Apart from that,good linearity(0.999) was obtained within the range of 1-80 ng/band of AFB 1.To assess the analysis accuracy,2 levels of AFB 1(50 and100 μg/kg) were spiked into real grain samples.The obtained results showed that the recovery rates were within the range of 81.6%-114.0%.The proof-of-concept results of this work evidenced that HPTLC is a promising analytical tool for the screening of mycotoxin in difficult samples.展开更多
Herbicide safeners alleviate herbicide toxicity while preserving weed-control efficacy in common buckwheat.A three-year field experiment was performed to measure the effects of quizalofop-P-ethyl(QPE)alone or in combi...Herbicide safeners alleviate herbicide toxicity while preserving weed-control efficacy in common buckwheat.A three-year field experiment was performed to measure the effects of quizalofop-P-ethyl(QPE)alone or in combination with gibberellin or brassinolide on soil enzyme activity and yield components in common buckwheat.The herbicide-brassinolide application yielded the greatest increases in soil enzyme activity and yield components without sacrificing weed control efficacy.It is recommended for use in common buckwheat cultivation in the Loess Plateau.展开更多
Drought is becoming a common threat to crop production.Identifying and utilizing excellent droughtresistant genes is crucial to combating this stress and ensuring global food security by developing droughtresistant cr...Drought is becoming a common threat to crop production.Identifying and utilizing excellent droughtresistant genes is crucial to combating this stress and ensuring global food security by developing droughtresistant crop varieties.Although sugar transporters are involved in stress tolerance in many plants,the sugar transporter gene family of Tartary buckwheat has yet to be systematically analyzed.This study identified 140 sugar transporter genes from the‘Pinku'Tartary buckwheat genome and classified them into 10 subfamilies.Structural analysis showed that subfamily SGB/pGlcT had the highest number of introns compared to other subfamilies,and abundant abiotic stress-related cis-acting elements existed in the promoter region.Collinear analysis revealed relatively ancient genes FtSUT7,FtSTP28,FtPLT1,and FtINT2.The expression of sugar transporter genes was screened under various abiotic stresses,which revealed the association of stress tolerance with different sugar transporter genes,i.e.,FtERD23,FtINT2,FtpGlcT2,and FtSTP27.Further,we observed that the overexpression of FtERD23 maintains osmotic pressure through glucose transport,which may enhance drought stress tolerance.Moreover,gene co-expression analyses using weighted gene coexpression network analysis(WGCNA)and fuzzy c-means algorithm(FCMA)identified six transcription factors that may regulate FtERD23 expression and are involved in plant drought tolerance.Our systematic analysis provides a theoretical basis for the further functional characterization of sugar transporter genes to improve drought tolerance in Tartary buckwheat and its related species.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to select tartary buckwheat materials with high protein content.[Method]Used 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat as experimental material,and the protein content of seeds had been determined.[Result]T...[Objective]The aim was to select tartary buckwheat materials with high protein content.[Method]Used 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat as experimental material,and the protein content of seeds had been determined.[Result]The protein content of 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat will change in the range of 23.65-193.28 mg/g with an average of 111.85 mg/g.There was difference among different origins of tartary buckwheat.The seeds from Hezhang in Guizhou and Sichuan had highest protein content,while the seeds from Nayong had lowest protein content.[Conclusion]The study had provided theoretical basis for the further study on the genetic and variation law of protein content in different tartary buckwheat resources.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to finding out the difference in glucose content of tartary buckwheat seeds from different origins.[Method] Taking 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat from different origins as the test material...[Objective] This study aimed to finding out the difference in glucose content of tartary buckwheat seeds from different origins.[Method] Taking 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat from different origins as the test materials,the glucose content of seeds had been determined.[Result] The variation range of glucose content in 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat was from 0.055 6% to 0.840 2% with an average of 0.321 7%.There was a difference in glucose content of tartary buckwheat from different origins.The seeds T324 from Weining in Guizhou had the highest glucose content,while the seeds T398 also from Weining in Guizhou had the lowest glucose content.[Conclusion] This study provides a reference for the genetic variation law of glucose content in different tartary buckwheat resources.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to determine the difference in sucrose content of different tartary buckwheat sources,so as to screen low-sucrose buckwheat materials.[Method] The sucrose contents of 35 tartary buckwheat mater...[Objective] The aim was to determine the difference in sucrose content of different tartary buckwheat sources,so as to screen low-sucrose buckwheat materials.[Method] The sucrose contents of 35 tartary buckwheat materials from different regions were measured.[Result] The sucrose content of the 35 tartary buckwheat materials varied from 0.007 7% to 0.208 9% with an average of 0.051 8%.There was some difference among the tartary buckwheat materials from different regions.The seeds from Hezhang in Guizhou had higher sucrose content,while the seeds from Nayong in Guizhou had lower sucrose content.[Conclusion] The content of sucrose was significantly low in tartary buckwheat,which could be popularized as a kind of low-sugar crop.展开更多
[Objective]The research aimed to select the buckwheat accessions with higher Pb2＋ tolerance.[Method]Using 19 buckwheat accessions as materials,the Pb2＋ tolerance were studied by means of solution culture method.The ...[Objective]The research aimed to select the buckwheat accessions with higher Pb2＋ tolerance.[Method]Using 19 buckwheat accessions as materials,the Pb2＋ tolerance were studied by means of solution culture method.The length of root and the activity of root were used to evaluate the degree of Pb2＋ tolerance.[Result]Root growth and activity of root of T352,L2081,T308 and T393 were promoted under the low concentration of Pb2＋.However,with the concentration of Pb2＋ increasing,their root growth and activity decreased,indicating that these genotypes have the higher Pb2＋ tolerance.There were great variations of Pb2＋ tolerance of buckwheat in different areas.[Conclusion]There are different Pb2＋ tolerance in buckwheat,T352,T308,T442 and T393 which were originated from Weining had much higher Pb2＋ tolerance than the others,which can be used for researching on the buckwheat breeding and the mechanism of the buckwheat Pb2＋ tolerance.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to study the sedative and hypnotic effects of Tartary Buckwheat ethanol extract and lay a foundation for further expanding the application of Tartary Buckwheat. [Method]The effects of Tartary Bu...[Objective]The aim was to study the sedative and hypnotic effects of Tartary Buckwheat ethanol extract and lay a foundation for further expanding the application of Tartary Buckwheat. [Method]The effects of Tartary Buckwheat ethanol extract on pentobarbital sodium and mice spontaneous action times were recorded. [Result]Ethanol extract of Tartary Buckwheat could prolong mice sleep duration caused by pentobarbital sodium （suprathreshold dosage）,increase mice sleep number caused by pentobarbital sodium （subthreshold dosage）,and obviously inhibit mice spontaneous action times. [Conclusion]Ethanol extract of Tartary Buckwheat has a function of sedation.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to identify the in vitro antibacterial activity of golden buckwheat extract and investigate the therapeutic effect of its preparation on mycoplasma infection. [Method] Through measuring th...[Objective] This study aimed to identify the in vitro antibacterial activity of golden buckwheat extract and investigate the therapeutic effect of its preparation on mycoplasma infection. [Method] Through measuring the minimum inhibitory concentra-tion, the in vitro antibacterial activity of golden buckwheat water extract was deter-mined; meanwhile, the therapeutic effect of golden buckwheat oral solution on my-coplasma infection was determined by artificial y infecting chickens with Mycoplasma gal isepticum culture. [Results] The golden buckwheat water extract had obvious in-hibitory effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, and a certain inhibitory effect on Salmonel a and Staphylococcus aureus; administration of golden buckwheat oral solution at the dose of 0.5%-1.0% continuously for 5 d had a good therapeutic effect against mycoplasma infection. [Conclusion] The study provides sci-entific bases for further study on the antibacterial activity of golden buckwheat and its application.展开更多
This study analyzed the tartary buckwheat recorded in the books Catalogue of Crop Germplasm Resources in Shanxi Province and Catalogue of Chinese Buckwheat Germplasm Resources by Excel 2003 and DPS 7.5 from the aspect...This study analyzed the tartary buckwheat recorded in the books Catalogue of Crop Germplasm Resources in Shanxi Province and Catalogue of Chinese Buckwheat Germplasm Resources by Excel 2003 and DPS 7.5 from the aspects of distribution areas,main agronomic traits and nutritional components,so as to lay a foundation for the selection of excellent buckwheat germplasm resources and improvement of buckwheat varieties.The results showed that different buckwheat varieties vary in plant height,node number of the main stem,grain weight per plant,grain weight per plant and kilo-grain weight.Compared with the national average values,buckwheat in Shanxi is higher in protein and fat,but lower in vitamin E and vitamin PP;it is rich in Ca,Mg,Cu,P,Se,Fe,Mn and Zn;and it contains 18 amino acids with the content of glutamic acid being the highest and the content of tryptophane being the lowest.After analyzing and classifying the tartary buckwheat germplasm resources recorded in Catalogue of Grop Germplasm Resources in Shanxi Province and Catalogue of Chinese Buckwheat Germplasm Resources,breeders could breed new varieties with high yield and quality and strong stress resistance by crossbreeding with these germplasm resources.展开更多
[Objective]The aim of this study was to select tartary buckwheat material with better health function.[Method]Used 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat as experimental materials,and the water holding capacity and expansion c...[Objective]The aim of this study was to select tartary buckwheat material with better health function.[Method]Used 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat as experimental materials,and the water holding capacity and expansion capacity had been determined.[Result] The water holding capacity of 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat will change in the range of 248.5%-341.4% with an average of 283.0%（the holding capacity of T324 was the highest）,while the change of expansion capacity changed between 0.50 and 1.50 ml/g with an average of 1.05 ml/g（the expansion capacity of T463 was the highest）.[Conclusion]This study had provided theoretical basis for screening better tartary buckwheat variety and its application.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of soaked seed with rare earth on the seed germination and seedling growth of tartary buckwheat under different water conditions. [Method] A hydroponic experiment...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of soaked seed with rare earth on the seed germination and seedling growth of tartary buckwheat under different water conditions. [Method] A hydroponic experiment was carried out with the seeds of tartary buckwheat variety ＂Heifeng No.1＂ in the year 2012. [Result] ①In the normal irrigation, suitable concentration of rare earth increased the germination rate, vital index, germination index and sprouting index of tartary buckwheat seed; at the same time, the leaf area, stem thickness, total root length, root weight,leaf relative water content, proline content, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, root activity, SOD activity and POD activity of seedling were significantly enhanced, while the relative conductivity and MDA content of tartary buckwheat were decreased obviously. ② Compared with water stress and normal irrigation, the indices of germination potential, germination rate, vital index, germination index, the leaf area, stem thickness, total root length, root weight, leaf relative water content,proline content, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, root activity, SOD and POD activity were reduced, while relative conductivity and MDA content were increased, and the extents differed in the treatment of different chemical regulators,and the varied range increased with the higher severity of soil water stress. ③ Under water stress, soaking seeds with suitable concentration（200 mg/L） of rare earth could significantly improve the SOD and POD activity, leaf area, total root length,chlorophyll content and root activity compared with CK. They could increase leaf relative water content by 8.9% and 10.8%, proline content by 7.5% and 8.2%, TTC activity by 13.8% and 16.7%, and soluble sugar content by 10.4% and 7.9% under mild and severe water stress, separately. [Conclusion] The appropriate concentration of rare earth was 200 mg/L.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to improve the taste and quality of buckwheat（Fagopyrum esculentum） seeds. [Method] Buckwheat seeds were fertilized by using a quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design to establi...[Objective] This study aimed to improve the taste and quality of buckwheat（Fagopyrum esculentum） seeds. [Method] Buckwheat seeds were fertilized by using a quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design to establish quaternary quadratic regression equations between N, P, K, organic fertilizers and soluble sugar, protein contents in buckwheat seeds. [Result] According to the regression equations, appropriately increasing the application amount of P fertilizer and maintaining the ratio of N fertilizer to organic fertilizer at 1：140 could improve soluble sugar and protein contents in buckwheat seeds. By simulation optimization using a computer,in order to ensure high soluble sugar and protein contents in buckwheat seeds, the optimal fertilization patterns of each fertilizer were： N, 535.35-581.10 kg/hm^2; P2O5,69.511 5-71.359 5 kg/hm^2; K2 O, 249.525-270.975 kg/hm^2; organic fertilizer, 76 590-80 514 kg/hm^2. The optimal fertilization ratio of N, P, K and organic fertilizers was8：1：4：1 114. [Conclusion] This study provided scientific basis for producing buckwheat products with good taste, high nutrition value and excellent quality.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to determine the optimum ethyl methane sulfonate（EMS） concentration for germination of tarary buckwheat seeds so as to lay a solid foundation for obtaining excellent traits of tarary buc...[Objective] This study aimed to determine the optimum ethyl methane sulfonate（EMS） concentration for germination of tarary buckwheat seeds so as to lay a solid foundation for obtaining excellent traits of tarary buckwheat and breeding new varieties that meet the requirements by EMS mutation breeding. [Method] The seeds of Jinqiaomai No.4, a local tarary buckwheat variety [Fagopyrum tataricum（L.） Gaertn] in Shanxi Province, were used as the material. They were mutagenized by different concentrations（0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 1.7%） of EMS for different times（4, 8, 12 h）. Then the germination rate and germination vigor were analyzed. [Result] With the increase of EMS mutagenic agent concentration, the germination vigor, relative germination vigor, germination rate and relative germination rate are all trended to be decreased. When the EMS concentrations ranged from 0.3%to 1.0%, there were no significant differences between treatment and control groups（P〉0.05）. When the EMS concentrations were 1.5% and 1.7%, significant differences were shown between treatment and control groups（P〈0.01）. The 4 and 8 h treatment of EMS all had no significant effects on germination rate and relative germination rate of Jinqiaomai No.4, but the 12 h treatment of EMS showed significant effects. Among the three treatment times, there were still no significant differences in germination vigor and relative germination vigor between treatment and control groups. [Conclusion] The optimum median lethal dose and treatment time of EMS for mutagenizing Jinqiaomai No.4 were 1.7% and 12 h, respectively.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to screening the tartary buckwheat resources with higher Se content.[Method]35 accessions of tartary buckwheat resources were used as experimental materials,and the Se content of seeds were dete...[Objective]The aim was to screening the tartary buckwheat resources with higher Se content.[Method]35 accessions of tartary buckwheat resources were used as experimental materials,and the Se content of seeds were determined.[Result]The Se content of 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat will change in a range of 0.009 9 to 0.120 8 mg/g with an average of 0.040 6 mg/g.There was difference among tartary buckwheat from different origins.The seeds from Gansu had the highest content of Se,while the seeds from Nayong in Guizhou and Shaanxi had a lowest content of Se.[Conclusion]The study had important significance for further study on the genetic and variation law of Se content between different tartary buckwheat resources.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to select the buckwheat accessions with higher Al3＋ tolerance.[Method]25 buckwheat accessions were used as materials,the Al3＋ tolerance were studied by means of solution culture method...[Objective] The research aimed to select the buckwheat accessions with higher Al3＋ tolerance.[Method]25 buckwheat accessions were used as materials,the Al3＋ tolerance were studied by means of solution culture method in this research.The length of root was used to evaluate the degree of Al3＋ tolerance.[Result]The root growth of some buckwheat accessions were significantly promoted under the concentration of 500 μmol/L,while high concentration of Al3＋（1 000 μmol/L）inhibited the buckwheat roots growth.There were great variations of Al3＋ tolerance among the different buckwheat genotypes.[Conclusion]Among the 25 buckwheat genotypes,L2081 and T442 had much higher Al3＋ tolerance than the others,which could be used for research on the buckwheat breeding and the mechanism of the buckwheat Al3＋ tolerance.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of induced concen- tration and time of EMS on seed germination of common buckwheat. [Method] The seeds of Jinqiaomai No.3, a common buckwheat cultivar, were used...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of induced concen- tration and time of EMS on seed germination of common buckwheat. [Method] The seeds of Jinqiaomai No.3, a common buckwheat cultivar, were used as the test material, and their germination was induced by different concentrations of EMS un- der different induced times. The germination rate, germination vigor, relative germi- nation rate and relative germination vigor of Jinqiaomai No.3 were measured. [Re- sult] With increased induced concentration and time of EMS, the germination rate, germination vigor, relative germination rate and relative germination vigor of Jinqiao- mai No.3 were all trended to be decreased. For Jinqiaomai No.3, the optima in- duced concentration and time of EMS was 1.0% and 4 h, respectively, and the lethal concentration was 1.7%. [Conclusion] The induced concentration and time of EMS all showed significant effects on seed germination of Jinqiaomai No.3.展开更多
基金Supported by Special Project of Guizhou Animal and Plant Breeding(QianNongYuZhuanZi[2010]023)Natural Science Foundation of China(31060207)Key Project of Guizhou Agriculture(QianKeHe NY Zi[2010]3094)~~
文摘[Objective]The study aimed to carry out RAPD analysis of genetic diversity of common and tartary buckwheat varieties.[Method] The genetic diversity of 19 common and tartary buckwheat varieties including the tested varieties in Guizhou region during 1999-2010 and their parents were studied using 7 primers by means of random amplified polymorphic DNA（RAPD）.[Result]A total of 149 DNA bands were obtained.In which,141 bands were polymorphic,accounting for 94.89%.Polymorphism analysis and cluster analysis showed that all varieties had their own special bands different from each other.The varieties native to Weining were close to each other,and other common buckwheat varieties were obviously different from each other.The interspecific genetic variation was the greatest;the intraspecific genetic variation of common buckwheat varieties was greater than that of tartary buckwheat varieties.[Conclusion]The RAPD fingerprints of the 19 buckwheat varieties were established in present study.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372045)the Key Laboratory of Molecular Breeding for Grain and Oil Crops in Guizhou Province,China(Qiankehezhongyindi(2023)008)the Key Laboratory of Functional Agriculture of Guizhou Provincial Higher Education Institutions,China(Qianjiaoji(2023)007).
文摘Drought is a major environmental constraint that significantly affects seedling emergence,yield,and quality of Tartary buckwheat,thereby hindering the development of its industry.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying drought tolerance genes in Tartary buckwheat remain largely unexplored.Alcohol dehydrogenase(ADH),an essential plant protein,plays a crucial role in growth,development,and stress responses;however,its specific role in drought resistance remains unclear.This study identifies an ADH gene,FtADH1,using a membership function value of drought tolerance(MFVD)combined with a genome-wide association study(GWAS)and transcriptomic profiles that confer drought tolerance in Tartary buckwheat.Our findings demonstrated that the overexpression of FtADH1 in Arabidopsis and Tartary buckwheat hairy roots enhances drought tolerance by promoting root elongation and mitigating elevated levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Our findings demonstrate that FtADH1 can enhance drought tolerance in Tartary buckwheat and Arabidopsis.This study identifies FtADH1 as a new regulator of Tartary buckwheat’s ROS levels and stress responses,functioning by regulating protective enzyme activities at a high level to scavenge ROS and modulating root growth under drought stress.Further,it identifies proteins interacting with FtADH1 through a prokaryotic expression pull-down assay combined with mass spectrometry,revealing that FtADH1 interacts explicitly with the S-adenosyl-L-methionine(SAM)synthetase protein,FtSAMS1.Overexpression of FtSAMS1 enhances ADH enzymatic activity,leading to increased SAM content in overexpressing Tartary buckwheat hairy roots under water-deficit conditions.Additionally,overexpression of FtSAMS1 induces a drought-resistant phenotype in Arabidopsis and Tartary buckwheat hairy roots under drought stress,revealing the biological function of FtADH1.Evolutionary analysis indicates that ADH1 in Fagopyrum species has undergone significant evolutionary events,including duplication and purifying selection,which may contribute to functional diversification and adaptive advantages such as drought resistance in cultivated buckwheat.In summary,this study suggests that FtADH1 is a key contributor to drought tolerance,and its interaction with FtSAMS1 offers promising potential for developing drought-resistant varieties in Tartary buckwheat and its relative species.
基金supported by the 2025 scientific promotion program funded by Jeju National University.
文摘Accurate and timely estimation of above-ground biomass is crucial for understanding crop growth dynamics,optimizing agricultural input management,and assessing productivity in sustainable farming practices.However,conventional biomass assessments are destructive and resource-intensive.In contrast,remote sensing techniques,particularly those utilizing low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicles,provide a non-destructive approach to collect imagery data on plant canopy features,including spectral reflectance and structural details at any stage of the crop life cycle.This study explores the potential visible-light-derived vegetative indices to improve biomass prediction during the flowering period of buckwheat(Fagopyrum tataricum).Red,green,and blue(RGB)images of buckwheat were acquired during peak flowering,using a DJI P4 multispectral Drone.From the analysis of those images,four vegetative indices were calculated.Aboveground fresh biomass was harvested and measured on 14 September 2024.The results showed negative correlations between the green-band based excess green(ExG),excess green minus excess red(ExGR),and green leaf index(GLI)indices and the fresh above-ground biomass of buckwheat,while the red band-based excess red(ExR)index showed an insignificant positive correlation at p<0.10.An investigation into greenband-based vegetation indices(VIs)for estimating fresh biomass revealed significant negative correlations during the experimental period.This unexpected inverse relationship is attributed to spectral interference from abundant white flowers during the flowering stage,where the high reflectance of white petals masked the green vegetation signal.Consequently,these green-band VIs demonstrated limited predictive power for biomass under such conditions,indicating that their utility is compromised when floral reflectance is dominant.Therefore,we suggest that further experiments are required to validate this relationship and improve the estimation of fresh above-ground biomass in white-flowered buckwheat plants.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFF0601902)Shanxi Scholarship Council of China (2021-068)+1 种基金Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Detection for Mycotoxins, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs China (SWDSJC2021001)Shanxi Agricultural University High-Level Talent Project (2021XG013)。
文摘Given severe health-hazardous effects of aflatoxin B1(AFB1) widely occurring in cereal grains and animal feeds,it is highly urgent to develop analytical methods for its rapid screening.In this work,we proposed a simple and high-throughput method for the determination of AFB1 in millet and buckwheat samples using high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC) linked to fluorescence densitometry.The first step was to optimize the solid-liquid extraction for the crude clean-up of the samples.The QuEChERS(Quick,Easy,Cheap,Effective,Robust and Safe) extraction strategy was used and different solvent systems for their extraction efficiency of AFB1 from the samples were evaluated.Then,trichloromethane:ethyl acetate(7:3,V/V) was used as the mobile phase to realize the separation of the targeted compound from background noises on silica gel plates.Quantification was readily performed with densitometry in fluorescence mode.In order to fix the optimal excitation wavelength,spectra scanning ranging 250-400 nm was carried out,revealing that 364 nm light gave the highest signal.With the optimized optical system,high sensitivity to AFB1 was achieved,with a limit of detection(LOD) at 3 μg/kg.Apart from that,good linearity(0.999) was obtained within the range of 1-80 ng/band of AFB 1.To assess the analysis accuracy,2 levels of AFB 1(50 and100 μg/kg) were spiked into real grain samples.The obtained results showed that the recovery rates were within the range of 81.6%-114.0%.The proof-of-concept results of this work evidenced that HPTLC is a promising analytical tool for the screening of mycotoxin in difficult samples.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Key Research&Development Project of Shaanxi Province(2022NY-178)the Technical System of Minor Cereals Industry in Shaanxi Province(NYKJ-2022-YL(XN)28)the Special Fund for Seed Industrial Development in Shaanxi Province(K3031223130).
文摘Herbicide safeners alleviate herbicide toxicity while preserving weed-control efficacy in common buckwheat.A three-year field experiment was performed to measure the effects of quizalofop-P-ethyl(QPE)alone or in combination with gibberellin or brassinolide on soil enzyme activity and yield components in common buckwheat.The herbicide-brassinolide application yielded the greatest increases in soil enzyme activity and yield components without sacrificing weed control efficacy.It is recommended for use in common buckwheat cultivation in the Loess Plateau.
基金supported by the Youth Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Y2022QC02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32161143005 and 32111540258)+1 种基金the European Union Horizon 2020 Project Planta SYST(SGA-CSA No.739582 under FPA No.664620)the Science and Technology Project of the Hebei Education Department,China(BJ2019022)。
文摘Drought is becoming a common threat to crop production.Identifying and utilizing excellent droughtresistant genes is crucial to combating this stress and ensuring global food security by developing droughtresistant crop varieties.Although sugar transporters are involved in stress tolerance in many plants,the sugar transporter gene family of Tartary buckwheat has yet to be systematically analyzed.This study identified 140 sugar transporter genes from the‘Pinku'Tartary buckwheat genome and classified them into 10 subfamilies.Structural analysis showed that subfamily SGB/pGlcT had the highest number of introns compared to other subfamilies,and abundant abiotic stress-related cis-acting elements existed in the promoter region.Collinear analysis revealed relatively ancient genes FtSUT7,FtSTP28,FtPLT1,and FtINT2.The expression of sugar transporter genes was screened under various abiotic stresses,which revealed the association of stress tolerance with different sugar transporter genes,i.e.,FtERD23,FtINT2,FtpGlcT2,and FtSTP27.Further,we observed that the overexpression of FtERD23 maintains osmotic pressure through glucose transport,which may enhance drought stress tolerance.Moreover,gene co-expression analyses using weighted gene coexpression network analysis(WGCNA)and fuzzy c-means algorithm(FCMA)identified six transcription factors that may regulate FtERD23 expression and are involved in plant drought tolerance.Our systematic analysis provides a theoretical basis for the further functional characterization of sugar transporter genes to improve drought tolerance in Tartary buckwheat and its related species.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province[Qiankehe-J(2009)No.2108)]Guizhou Normal University Fund for Doctor(2008)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim was to select tartary buckwheat materials with high protein content.[Method]Used 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat as experimental material,and the protein content of seeds had been determined.[Result]The protein content of 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat will change in the range of 23.65-193.28 mg/g with an average of 111.85 mg/g.There was difference among different origins of tartary buckwheat.The seeds from Hezhang in Guizhou and Sichuan had highest protein content,while the seeds from Nayong had lowest protein content.[Conclusion]The study had provided theoretical basis for the further study on the genetic and variation law of protein content in different tartary buckwheat resources.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Foundation in Guizhou[Guizhou He J(2009)No.2108]Key Scientific Research Project for Students in Guizhou Normal University(2010),Scientific Research Fund for PhD in Guizhou Normal University(2008)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to finding out the difference in glucose content of tartary buckwheat seeds from different origins.[Method] Taking 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat from different origins as the test materials,the glucose content of seeds had been determined.[Result] The variation range of glucose content in 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat was from 0.055 6% to 0.840 2% with an average of 0.321 7%.There was a difference in glucose content of tartary buckwheat from different origins.The seeds T324 from Weining in Guizhou had the highest glucose content,while the seeds T398 also from Weining in Guizhou had the lowest glucose content.[Conclusion] This study provides a reference for the genetic variation law of glucose content in different tartary buckwheat resources.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province[J(2009)2108]Agricultural Research Project of Guizhou Province[NY(2010)3094]Special Program of Plant and Animal Breeding of Guizhou Province[No.(2010)023]~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to determine the difference in sucrose content of different tartary buckwheat sources,so as to screen low-sucrose buckwheat materials.[Method] The sucrose contents of 35 tartary buckwheat materials from different regions were measured.[Result] The sucrose content of the 35 tartary buckwheat materials varied from 0.007 7% to 0.208 9% with an average of 0.051 8%.There was some difference among the tartary buckwheat materials from different regions.The seeds from Hezhang in Guizhou had higher sucrose content,while the seeds from Nayong in Guizhou had lower sucrose content.[Conclusion] The content of sucrose was significantly low in tartary buckwheat,which could be popularized as a kind of low-sugar crop.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province[Qiankehe-J(2009)No.2108)]Guizhou Normal UniversityFund for Doctor(2008)~~
文摘[Objective]The research aimed to select the buckwheat accessions with higher Pb2＋ tolerance.[Method]Using 19 buckwheat accessions as materials,the Pb2＋ tolerance were studied by means of solution culture method.The length of root and the activity of root were used to evaluate the degree of Pb2＋ tolerance.[Result]Root growth and activity of root of T352,L2081,T308 and T393 were promoted under the low concentration of Pb2＋.However,with the concentration of Pb2＋ increasing,their root growth and activity decreased,indicating that these genotypes have the higher Pb2＋ tolerance.There were great variations of Pb2＋ tolerance of buckwheat in different areas.[Conclusion]There are different Pb2＋ tolerance in buckwheat,T352,T308,T442 and T393 which were originated from Weining had much higher Pb2＋ tolerance than the others,which can be used for researching on the buckwheat breeding and the mechanism of the buckwheat Pb2＋ tolerance.
基金Supported by Key Projects in the National Science &Technology Pillar Program during the Eleventh Five-year Plan Period(2006BAD02B06)Projects in Sichuan Province Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2006750)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim was to study the sedative and hypnotic effects of Tartary Buckwheat ethanol extract and lay a foundation for further expanding the application of Tartary Buckwheat. [Method]The effects of Tartary Buckwheat ethanol extract on pentobarbital sodium and mice spontaneous action times were recorded. [Result]Ethanol extract of Tartary Buckwheat could prolong mice sleep duration caused by pentobarbital sodium （suprathreshold dosage）,increase mice sleep number caused by pentobarbital sodium （subthreshold dosage）,and obviously inhibit mice spontaneous action times. [Conclusion]Ethanol extract of Tartary Buckwheat has a function of sedation.
基金Supported by the Special Project of Department of Science and Technology of Hebei Province(08820412D)the Special Project of Qinhuangdao Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology[Qinkeji(2003)30-35]+1 种基金the Special Project of Shijiazhuang Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology(07150193A)the Scientific Research Innovation Team Project of Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology(TD201201)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to identify the in vitro antibacterial activity of golden buckwheat extract and investigate the therapeutic effect of its preparation on mycoplasma infection. [Method] Through measuring the minimum inhibitory concentra-tion, the in vitro antibacterial activity of golden buckwheat water extract was deter-mined; meanwhile, the therapeutic effect of golden buckwheat oral solution on my-coplasma infection was determined by artificial y infecting chickens with Mycoplasma gal isepticum culture. [Results] The golden buckwheat water extract had obvious in-hibitory effects against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli, and a certain inhibitory effect on Salmonel a and Staphylococcus aureus; administration of golden buckwheat oral solution at the dose of 0.5%-1.0% continuously for 5 d had a good therapeutic effect against mycoplasma infection. [Conclusion] The study provides sci-entific bases for further study on the antibacterial activity of golden buckwheat and its application.
文摘This study analyzed the tartary buckwheat recorded in the books Catalogue of Crop Germplasm Resources in Shanxi Province and Catalogue of Chinese Buckwheat Germplasm Resources by Excel 2003 and DPS 7.5 from the aspects of distribution areas,main agronomic traits and nutritional components,so as to lay a foundation for the selection of excellent buckwheat germplasm resources and improvement of buckwheat varieties.The results showed that different buckwheat varieties vary in plant height,node number of the main stem,grain weight per plant,grain weight per plant and kilo-grain weight.Compared with the national average values,buckwheat in Shanxi is higher in protein and fat,but lower in vitamin E and vitamin PP;it is rich in Ca,Mg,Cu,P,Se,Fe,Mn and Zn;and it contains 18 amino acids with the content of glutamic acid being the highest and the content of tryptophane being the lowest.After analyzing and classifying the tartary buckwheat germplasm resources recorded in Catalogue of Grop Germplasm Resources in Shanxi Province and Catalogue of Chinese Buckwheat Germplasm Resources,breeders could breed new varieties with high yield and quality and strong stress resistance by crossbreeding with these germplasm resources.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province[Qiankehe-J(2009)No.2108)]Guizhou Normal University Fund for Doctor(2008)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim of this study was to select tartary buckwheat material with better health function.[Method]Used 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat as experimental materials,and the water holding capacity and expansion capacity had been determined.[Result] The water holding capacity of 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat will change in the range of 248.5%-341.4% with an average of 283.0%（the holding capacity of T324 was the highest）,while the change of expansion capacity changed between 0.50 and 1.50 ml/g with an average of 1.05 ml/g（the expansion capacity of T463 was the highest）.[Conclusion]This study had provided theoretical basis for screening better tartary buckwheat variety and its application.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30871483)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effect of soaked seed with rare earth on the seed germination and seedling growth of tartary buckwheat under different water conditions. [Method] A hydroponic experiment was carried out with the seeds of tartary buckwheat variety ＂Heifeng No.1＂ in the year 2012. [Result] ①In the normal irrigation, suitable concentration of rare earth increased the germination rate, vital index, germination index and sprouting index of tartary buckwheat seed; at the same time, the leaf area, stem thickness, total root length, root weight,leaf relative water content, proline content, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, root activity, SOD activity and POD activity of seedling were significantly enhanced, while the relative conductivity and MDA content of tartary buckwheat were decreased obviously. ② Compared with water stress and normal irrigation, the indices of germination potential, germination rate, vital index, germination index, the leaf area, stem thickness, total root length, root weight, leaf relative water content,proline content, chlorophyll content, soluble sugar content, root activity, SOD and POD activity were reduced, while relative conductivity and MDA content were increased, and the extents differed in the treatment of different chemical regulators,and the varied range increased with the higher severity of soil water stress. ③ Under water stress, soaking seeds with suitable concentration（200 mg/L） of rare earth could significantly improve the SOD and POD activity, leaf area, total root length,chlorophyll content and root activity compared with CK. They could increase leaf relative water content by 8.9% and 10.8%, proline content by 7.5% and 8.2%, TTC activity by 13.8% and 16.7%, and soluble sugar content by 10.4% and 7.9% under mild and severe water stress, separately. [Conclusion] The appropriate concentration of rare earth was 200 mg/L.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project for Colleges and Universities in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(NJZC13288)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to improve the taste and quality of buckwheat（Fagopyrum esculentum） seeds. [Method] Buckwheat seeds were fertilized by using a quadratic orthogonal rotation combination design to establish quaternary quadratic regression equations between N, P, K, organic fertilizers and soluble sugar, protein contents in buckwheat seeds. [Result] According to the regression equations, appropriately increasing the application amount of P fertilizer and maintaining the ratio of N fertilizer to organic fertilizer at 1：140 could improve soluble sugar and protein contents in buckwheat seeds. By simulation optimization using a computer,in order to ensure high soluble sugar and protein contents in buckwheat seeds, the optimal fertilization patterns of each fertilizer were： N, 535.35-581.10 kg/hm^2; P2O5,69.511 5-71.359 5 kg/hm^2; K2 O, 249.525-270.975 kg/hm^2; organic fertilizer, 76 590-80 514 kg/hm^2. The optimal fertilization ratio of N, P, K and organic fertilizers was8：1：4：1 114. [Conclusion] This study provided scientific basis for producing buckwheat products with good taste, high nutrition value and excellent quality.
基金Supported by Research Project of Maize Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(SGG2014-3)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to determine the optimum ethyl methane sulfonate（EMS） concentration for germination of tarary buckwheat seeds so as to lay a solid foundation for obtaining excellent traits of tarary buckwheat and breeding new varieties that meet the requirements by EMS mutation breeding. [Method] The seeds of Jinqiaomai No.4, a local tarary buckwheat variety [Fagopyrum tataricum（L.） Gaertn] in Shanxi Province, were used as the material. They were mutagenized by different concentrations（0.3%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 1.7%） of EMS for different times（4, 8, 12 h）. Then the germination rate and germination vigor were analyzed. [Result] With the increase of EMS mutagenic agent concentration, the germination vigor, relative germination vigor, germination rate and relative germination rate are all trended to be decreased. When the EMS concentrations ranged from 0.3%to 1.0%, there were no significant differences between treatment and control groups（P〉0.05）. When the EMS concentrations were 1.5% and 1.7%, significant differences were shown between treatment and control groups（P〈0.01）. The 4 and 8 h treatment of EMS all had no significant effects on germination rate and relative germination rate of Jinqiaomai No.4, but the 12 h treatment of EMS showed significant effects. Among the three treatment times, there were still no significant differences in germination vigor and relative germination vigor between treatment and control groups. [Conclusion] The optimum median lethal dose and treatment time of EMS for mutagenizing Jinqiaomai No.4 were 1.7% and 12 h, respectively.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province[Qiankehe-J(2009)No.2108)]Guizhou Normal University Fund for Doctor(2008)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim was to screening the tartary buckwheat resources with higher Se content.[Method]35 accessions of tartary buckwheat resources were used as experimental materials,and the Se content of seeds were determined.[Result]The Se content of 35 kinds of tartary buckwheat will change in a range of 0.009 9 to 0.120 8 mg/g with an average of 0.040 6 mg/g.There was difference among tartary buckwheat from different origins.The seeds from Gansu had the highest content of Se,while the seeds from Nayong in Guizhou and Shaanxi had a lowest content of Se.[Conclusion]The study had important significance for further study on the genetic and variation law of Se content between different tartary buckwheat resources.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province(QKH J[2009]2108)Doctoral Research Fund in Guizhou Normal University(2008)~~
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to select the buckwheat accessions with higher Al3＋ tolerance.[Method]25 buckwheat accessions were used as materials,the Al3＋ tolerance were studied by means of solution culture method in this research.The length of root was used to evaluate the degree of Al3＋ tolerance.[Result]The root growth of some buckwheat accessions were significantly promoted under the concentration of 500 μmol/L,while high concentration of Al3＋（1 000 μmol/L）inhibited the buckwheat roots growth.There were great variations of Al3＋ tolerance among the different buckwheat genotypes.[Conclusion]Among the 25 buckwheat genotypes,L2081 and T442 had much higher Al3＋ tolerance than the others,which could be used for research on the buckwheat breeding and the mechanism of the buckwheat Al3＋ tolerance.
基金Supported by Key Scientific and Technological Project of Shanxi Province(20140311005-3)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of induced concen- tration and time of EMS on seed germination of common buckwheat. [Method] The seeds of Jinqiaomai No.3, a common buckwheat cultivar, were used as the test material, and their germination was induced by different concentrations of EMS un- der different induced times. The germination rate, germination vigor, relative germi- nation rate and relative germination vigor of Jinqiaomai No.3 were measured. [Re- sult] With increased induced concentration and time of EMS, the germination rate, germination vigor, relative germination rate and relative germination vigor of Jinqiao- mai No.3 were all trended to be decreased. For Jinqiaomai No.3, the optima in- duced concentration and time of EMS was 1.0% and 4 h, respectively, and the lethal concentration was 1.7%. [Conclusion] The induced concentration and time of EMS all showed significant effects on seed germination of Jinqiaomai No.3.
