6G is desired to support more intelligence networks and this trend attaches importance to the self-healing capability if degradation emerges in the cellular networks.As a primary component of selfhealing networks,faul...6G is desired to support more intelligence networks and this trend attaches importance to the self-healing capability if degradation emerges in the cellular networks.As a primary component of selfhealing networks,fault detection is investigated in this paper.Considering the fast response and low timeand-computational consumption,it is the first time that the Online Broad Learning System(OBLS)is applied to identify outages in cellular networks.In addition,the Automatic-constructed Online Broad Learning System(AOBLS)is put forward to rationalize its structure and consequently avoid over-fitting and under-fitting.Furthermore,a multi-layer classification structure is proposed to further improve the classification performance.To face the challenges caused by imbalanced data in fault detection problems,a novel weighting strategy is derived to achieve the Multilayer Automatic-constructed Weighted Online Broad Learning System(MAWOBLS)and ensemble learning with retrained Support Vector Machine(SVM),denoted as EMAWOBLS,for superior treatment with this imbalance issue.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has excellent performance in detecting faults with satisfactory time usage.展开更多
BACKGROUND Leiomyomas or fibroids commonly originate from the uterus;extrauterine leiomyomas are rare and most often arise from the broad ligament.Diagnosing broad ligament leiomyomas becomes particularly challenging ...BACKGROUND Leiomyomas or fibroids commonly originate from the uterus;extrauterine leiomyomas are rare and most often arise from the broad ligament.Diagnosing broad ligament leiomyomas becomes particularly challenging when they undergo degenerative changes because their clinical and radiological features often mimic those of ovarian tumors.We report a rare case of a giant broad ligament fibroid with cystic degeneration,which was initially mistaken for an ovarian mass.CASE SUMMARY A 49-year-old woman presented with mild abdominal distension and pain as the only symptoms.Upon abdominal examination,a large mass measuring approximately 30 cm and extending from the pelvic cavity to just below the xiphoid process was identified.Both transvaginal ultrasound and contrast-enhanced computed tomography suggested an ovarian origin of the mass.However,laparotomy confirmed that the mass originated from the right broad ligament.The mass was separated from the uterus and bilateral ovaries,with no involvement of the uterus or ovaries.The mass was completely resected with respecting the patient’s desire to retain her uterus and adnexa.Postoperative histopathological examination confirmed leiomyoma with cystic degeneration.CONCLUSION Broad ligament myomas mimic ovarian tumors;accurate diagnosis and careful operation are critical to avoid complications and ensure safety.展开更多
Wheat leaf rust,caused by Puccinia triticina(Pt),is one of the most devastating diseases in common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)and can lead to heavy yield loss(Chai et al.2020).Leaf rust can result in 50%yield loss dur...Wheat leaf rust,caused by Puccinia triticina(Pt),is one of the most devastating diseases in common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)and can lead to heavy yield loss(Chai et al.2020).Leaf rust can result in 50%yield loss during epidemic years(Huerta-Espino et al.2011;Gebrewahid et al.2020;Kolomiets et al.2021).Breeding varieties resistant to leaf rust have been recognized as the most effective and economical method to mitigate wheat losses caused by Pt.The narrow genetic basis of wheat constrains the number of cultivars resistant to leaf rust(Jin et al.2021).展开更多
In this paper, the containment control problem in nonlinear multi-agent systems(NMASs) under denial-of-service(DoS) attacks is addressed. Firstly, a prediction model is obtained using the broad learning technique to t...In this paper, the containment control problem in nonlinear multi-agent systems(NMASs) under denial-of-service(DoS) attacks is addressed. Firstly, a prediction model is obtained using the broad learning technique to train historical data generated by the system offline without DoS attacks. Secondly, the dynamic linearization method is used to obtain the equivalent linearization model of NMASs. Then, a novel model-free adaptive predictive control(MFAPC) framework based on historical and online data generated by the system is proposed, which combines the trained prediction model with the model-free adaptive control method. The development of the MFAPC method motivates a much simpler robust predictive control solution that is convenient to use in the case of DoS attacks. Meanwhile, the MFAPC algorithm provides a unified predictive framework for solving consensus tracking and containment control problems. The boundedness of the containment error can be proven by using the contraction mapping principle and the mathematical induction method. Finally, the proposed MFAPC is assessed through comparative experiments.展开更多
Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl with a fluorite layer structure belongs to the family of the bismuth rare-earth oxyhalides Bi_(2)REO_(4)X(X=Cl,B r,I).However,the synthesis and photoelectric properties of Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl have almost n...Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl with a fluorite layer structure belongs to the family of the bismuth rare-earth oxyhalides Bi_(2)REO_(4)X(X=Cl,B r,I).However,the synthesis and photoelectric properties of Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl have almost not been reported.In this work,Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl was synthesized using the solid-state method and the solvothermal method.Yb3+ions show a strong characteristic absorption peak at 980 nm,which was measured by ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared absorption spectra.The transient photoconductivity of Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl was obtained by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy system under 400 and 800 nm laser excitations,respectively.The frequency-dependent transient photoconductivity analysis reveals the Drude-Smith behavior in Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl.Under photoexcitation,the hot charge carriers with a long relaxation lifetime and a carrier mobility of 48 cm^(2)/(V·s) are obtained.The synthesis of Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl is of great significance for the development of novel photocatalytic and photo harvesting materials with broad spectral response.展开更多
Remodeling plant intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat immune receptors(NLRs)to engineer synthetic disease-resistance genes has emerged as a promising approach to achieving broad-spectrum disease resist...Remodeling plant intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat immune receptors(NLRs)to engineer synthetic disease-resistance genes has emerged as a promising approach to achieving broad-spectrum disease resistance.But strategies for expanding NLR recognition spectra[[1],[2],[3],[4],[5]]are often limited by the rapid evolution of pathogens and pests.In our recent study,we developed an innovative strategy to engineer broad-spectrum,durable and complete disease resistance in plants by remodeling autoactive NLRs into protease-activated switches[6].展开更多
Coronaviruses are single-stranded,positive-sense RNA enveloped viruses that have posed a significant threat to human health over the past few decades,particularly severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV...Coronaviruses are single-stranded,positive-sense RNA enveloped viruses that have posed a significant threat to human health over the past few decades,particularly severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV),Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV),and SARS-CoV-2.These viruses have caused widespread infections and fatalities,with profound impacts on global economies,social life,and public health systems.Due to their broad host range in natural settings and the consequent high potential for zoonotic spillover events,a thorough investigation of the common viral mechanisms and the identification of druggable targets for pan-coronavirus antiviral development are of utmost importance.展开更多
This paper introduced the definition and importance of combination of sta-ple food. With broad bean nutrition flour as a sample, the preparation of the combi-nation of staple food was also described. In addition, the ...This paper introduced the definition and importance of combination of sta-ple food. With broad bean nutrition flour as a sample, the preparation of the combi-nation of staple food was also described. In addition, the main nutritional value of broad bean nutrition flour was introduced. Compared with those of other single flours, the nutritional value of broad bean nutrition flour was improved. Moreover, the nutrients in the broad bean nutrition flour would not be destroyed during the processing and preparation of staple food, and the processed steamed bread and raw noodle are more characteristic. The application value and prospects of broad bean nutrition flour, as a combination of staple food, were further discussed.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to indentify diseased leaves of broad bean by vibra- tional spectroscopy. [Method] In this paper, broad bean rust, fusarium rhizome rot, broad bean zonate spot, yellow leaf curl virus and norma...[Objective] The aim was to indentify diseased leaves of broad bean by vibra- tional spectroscopy. [Method] In this paper, broad bean rust, fusarium rhizome rot, broad bean zonate spot, yellow leaf curl virus and normal leaves were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. [Result] The spectra of the samples were similar, only with minor differences in absorption inten- sity of several peaks. Second derivative analyses show that the significant difference of all samples was in the range of 1 200-700 cm2. The data in the range of 1 200- 700 cm＇ were selected to evaluate correlation coefficients, hierarchical cluster analy- sis （HCA） and principal component analysis （PCA）. Results showed that the correla- tion coefficients are larger than 0.928 not only between the healthy leaves, but also between the same diseased leaves. The values between healthy and diseased leaves, and among diseased leaves, are all declined. HCA and PCA yielded about 73.3% and 82.2% accuracy, respectively. [Conclusion] This study demonstrated that FTIR techniques might be used to detect crop diseases.展开更多
Using Tongxian No.2 as material, the effects of different film-covering time, different sowing time and different planting density on the occurrence of freeze injury and yield of fresh broad beans were investigated. T...Using Tongxian No.2 as material, the effects of different film-covering time, different sowing time and different planting density on the occurrence of freeze injury and yield of fresh broad beans were investigated. The randomized block design was adopted. The results showed that with the delayed film covering, the incidence of mild freeze injury and number of headless seedlings were increased correspondingly, but the yield was increased; with the delayed sowing, the branch number per plant, effective branch number per plant, incidence of mild freeze injury and number of headless seedlings were all reduced, and the broad beans, sowed on September 30 th, obtained the highest yield; planting density showed on effect on the occurrence of freeze injury, and the yield was increased with the increase of planting density. Under the same film-covering time, the incidence of freeze injury was reduced with the delayed sowing time and it showed no changes when planting density was changed, but the yield was increased with the increase of planting density and it was highest when broad bean seeds were sowed on September 30th;under the same sowing time, the incidence of freeze injury was increased with the delayed film-covering time and it showed no changes when planting density was changed, and the yield was increased with the delayed film-covering time and increased planting density; under the same planting density, the incidence of freeze injury was increased with the delayed film-covering time but was reduced with the delayed sowing time, and the yield was increased with the delayed film-covering time and it was highest when the broad bean seeds were sowed on September30 th. Under same film-covering time and sowing time, the total branch number per plant and effective branch number per plant were reduced, but the yield was increased with the increase of planting density; under same film-covering time and planting density, the incidence of freeze injury was reduced with the delayed sowing time, and the yield was highest when broad bean seeds were sowed on September30th; under same sowing time and planting density, the incidence of freeze injury and the yield were all increased with the delayed film-covering time.展开更多
Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy was used to study diseased leaves in broad bean. Results showed that the infrared spectra of different broad bean diseased leaves were similar, which were mainly made u...Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy was used to study diseased leaves in broad bean. Results showed that the infrared spectra of different broad bean diseased leaves were similar, which were mainly made up of the vibrational absorption bands of protein,lipid and polysaccharide.There were minor differences in-cluding the spectral peak position, peak shape and the absorption intensity in the range of 1 800-1 300 cm-1. There were obvious differences among their second derivative spectra in the range of 1 800-1 300 cm-1. After the procedure of the Fourier self-deconvolution and curve fitting of health bean leaves and broad bean diseased leaves in the range of 1 700-1 500 cm-1, three sub-peaks were obtained at 1 550 cm-1 （protein amide Ⅱ band）, 1 605 cm-1 （lignin） and 1 650 cm-1 （protein amide I band）.The ratios of relative areas of the bands of amide Ⅱ, lignin, and amide I were 38.86%, 28.68% and 32.47% in the spectra of healthy leaves, respec-tively. It was distinguished from the diseased leaves （chocolate spot leaf： 15.42%, 42.98% and 41.61%, ring spot leaf：32.39%, 35.63% and 31.98%, rust leaf： 13.97%, 46.40% and 39.65%, yel owing leaf curl disease leaf： 24.01%,36.55% and 39.44%）. For sub-peak area ratios （A1 563/A1 605, A1 650/A1 605 and A1 563/A1 654）, those of four kinds of diseased leaves were smal er than that of healthy leaves, and there were also differences among four kinds of diseased leaves. The results proved that FTIR combining with curve fitting might be a potential y useful tool for detecting different kinds of broad bean diseases.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the influence of Pb2＋ on the growth and development of broad bean roots. [Method] The effects of Pb2＋ solution of different concentrations on root length, color, bending a...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the influence of Pb2＋ on the growth and development of broad bean roots. [Method] The effects of Pb2＋ solution of different concentrations on root length, color, bending and mitotic index frequency of root tip cells of broad bean were measured and observed. [Result] Pb2＋ at concentration lower than 20 mg/L promoted the growth and development of roots, increased the cell mitotic indexes, but had little influence on root color and bending. When the Pb2＋ concentration was higher than 20 mg/L, the root growth was inhibited; the root color gradually turned deeper; the roots bended, but the cell mitotic index was decreased. [Conclusion] Pb2＋ promoted the growth of broad bean at low concentration but inhibited the growth at high concentration, and the influence was related to Pb2＋ concentration and time.展开更多
Perovskite LaCoO_(3)is of great potential in electromagnetic wave absorption considering its outstanding dielectric loss as well as the existing magnetic response with the magnetic doping.However,the dissipation mecha...Perovskite LaCoO_(3)is of great potential in electromagnetic wave absorption considering its outstanding dielectric loss as well as the existing magnetic response with the magnetic doping.However,the dissipation mechanism of the magnetic doping on the microwave absorption is lack of sufficient investigated.In this paper,LaCo_(1-x)Fe_(x)O_(3)(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2,0.25,0.3,LCFOs)perovskites with different Fe doping amounts were prepared successfully by the sol-gel method and subsequent heat treatment in the air atmosphere.The structure characterization carried out by the frst-principles calculations shows the effect of Fe doping on the dielectric and magnetic properties of LCFOs and the strong hybridization of Co/Fe-3d with O-2p in the LCFOs system was successfully demonstrated.Particularly,when x=0.1 and the thickness is only 1.95 mm,the LaCo_(0.9)Fe_(0.1)O_(3)exhibits the best microwave absorption performance with the minimum reflection loss(RL)value of about-41 dB.The typical samples achieve a broad effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 5.16 GHz(7.92-13.08 GHz),which covers the total X band(8-12 GHz).Considering that,the especial Fe doping perovskite is promising to be a candidate as efficient microwave absorbers.展开更多
Data sharing in Internet of Vehicles(IoV)makes it possible to provide personalized services for users by service providers in Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS).As IoV is a multi-user mobile scenario,the reliabil...Data sharing in Internet of Vehicles(IoV)makes it possible to provide personalized services for users by service providers in Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS).As IoV is a multi-user mobile scenario,the reliability and efficiency of data sharing need to be further enhanced.Federated learning allows the server to exchange parameters without obtaining private data from clients so that the privacy is protected.Broad learning system is a novel artificial intelligence technology that can improve training efficiency of data set.Thus,we propose a federated bidirectional connection broad learning scheme(FeBBLS)to solve the data sharing issues.Firstly,we adopt the bidirectional connection broad learning system(BiBLS)model to train data set in vehicular nodes.The server aggregates the collected parameters of BiBLS from vehicular nodes through the federated broad learning system(FedBLS)algorithm.Moreover,we propose a clustering FedBLS algorithm to offload the data sharing into clusters for improving the aggregation capability of the model.Some simulation results show our scheme can improve the efficiency and prediction accuracy of data sharing and protect the privacy of data sharing.展开更多
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Co V-2)has precipitated multiple variants resistant to therapeutic antibodies.In this study,12 high-affinity antibodies were generated from convalescent donors in e...Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Co V-2)has precipitated multiple variants resistant to therapeutic antibodies.In this study,12 high-affinity antibodies were generated from convalescent donors in early outbreaks using immune antibody phage display libraries.Of them,two RBD-binding antibodies(F61 and H121)showed high-affinity neutralization against SARS-Co V-2,whereas three S2-target antibodies failed to neutralize SARS-Co V-2.Following structure analysis,F61 identified a linear epitope located in residues G446–S494,which overlapped with angiotensinconverting enzyme 2(ACE2)binding sites,while H121 recognized a conformational epitope located on the side face of RBD,outside from ACE2 binding domain.Hence the cocktail of the two antibodies achieved better performance of neutralization to SARS-Co V-2.Importantly,these two antibodies also showed efficient neutralizing activities to the variants including B.1.1.7 and B.1.351,and reacted with mutations of N501 Y,E484 K,and L452 R,indicated that it may also neutralize the recent India endemic strain B.1.617.The unchanged binding activity of F61 and H121 to RBD with multiple mutations revealed a broad neutralizing activity against variants,which mitigated the risk of viral escape.Our findings revealed the therapeutic basis of cocktail antibodies against constantly emerging SARS-Co V-2 variants and provided promising candidate antibodies to clinical treatment of COVID-19 patients infected with broad SARS-Co V-2 variants.展开更多
The upper montane evergreen broad-leaved forest in Yunnan occurs mainly in the zone of persistent cloud and has a discontinuous,island-like,distribution.It is diverse,rich in endemic species,and likely to be sensitive...The upper montane evergreen broad-leaved forest in Yunnan occurs mainly in the zone of persistent cloud and has a discontinuous,island-like,distribution.It is diverse,rich in endemic species,and likely to be sensitive to climate change.Six 1-ha sampling plots were established across the main distribution area of the upper montane evergreen broad-leaved forest in Yunnan.All trees with d.b.h.>1 cm in each plot were identified.Patterns of seed plant distributions were quantified at the specific,generic and family levels.The forests are dominated by the families Fagaceae,Lauraceae,Theaceae and Magnoliaceae,but are very diverse with only a few species shared between sites.Floristic similarities at the family and generic level were high,but they were low at the specific level,with species complementarity between plots.Diversity varied greatly among sites,with greater species richness and more rare species in western Yunnan than central Yunnan.The flora is dominated by tropical biogeographical elements,mainly the pantropic and the tropical Asian distributions at the family and genus levels.In contrast,at the species level,the flora is dominated by the southwest or the southeast China distributions,including Yunnan endemics.This suggests that the flora of the upper montane forest in Yunnan could have a tropical floristic origin,and has adapted to cooler temperatures with the uplift of the Himalayas.Due to great sensitivity to climate,high endemism and species complementarity,as well as the discontinuous,island-like,distribution patterns of the upper montane forest in Yunnan,the regional conservation of the forest is especially needed.展开更多
The development of communication technologies which support traffic-intensive applications presents new challenges in designing a real-time traffic analysis architecture and an accurate method that suitable for a wide...The development of communication technologies which support traffic-intensive applications presents new challenges in designing a real-time traffic analysis architecture and an accurate method that suitable for a wide variety of traffic types.Current traffic analysis methods are executed on the cloud,which needs to upload the traffic data.Fog computing is a more promising way to save bandwidth resources by offloading these tasks to the fog nodes.However,traffic analysis models based on traditional machine learning need to retrain all traffic data when updating the trained model,which are not suitable for fog computing due to the poor computing power.In this study,we design a novel fog computing based traffic analysis system using broad learning.For one thing,fog computing can provide a distributed architecture for saving the bandwidth resources.For another,we use the broad learning to incrementally train the traffic data,which is more suitable for fog computing because it can support incremental updates of models without retraining all data.We implement our system on the Raspberry Pi,and experimental results show that we have a 98%probability to accurately identify these traffic data.Moreover,our method has a faster training speed compared with Convolutional Neural Network(CNN).展开更多
In the present work, for the first time on the basis ofpoly （vinyl alcohol） （PVA）, 2- （4-dimethylaminostyryl）-l-ethylquinolinium iodide （quinaldine red （QR）） and trisodium （4E）-5-oxo- 1-（4-sulfonatophenyl...In the present work, for the first time on the basis ofpoly （vinyl alcohol） （PVA）, 2- （4-dimethylaminostyryl）-l-ethylquinolinium iodide （quinaldine red （QR）） and trisodium （4E）-5-oxo- 1-（4-sulfonatophenyl）-4-[（4-sulfonatophenyl）hydrazono]-3 pyrazolecarboxylate （tartrazine （T））, thermostable polarizing film in a wide range of spectra （λmax=394-511 nm） with polarization efficiency （PE） = 98% in absorption maximum and stretching degree （Rs） = 3.5 was developed. The basic spectral-polarization parameters （polarization efficiency and transmittance） of oriented colored PVA-films were measured and discussed. During the work it was found that oriented PVA-films are the phenomenon of anisotropy of thermal conductivity （λ｜/λ⊥）. It is a very important parameter for the development of thermostable PVA-polarizing films. For the first time quantum-chemical calculations using density functional theory （DFT） approach for structural analysis and electronic spectrum of the QR were carried out via the B3LYP/dgdzvp and TDB3LYP/dgdzvp methods. Interpretation of absorption strips in visible region of spectrum was also reported. The excitation energies, electronic transitions and oscillator strengths for the studied structures have also been calculated （B3LYP/dgdzvp）. The NBO analysis and Mulliken atomic charges of the QR were carried out.展开更多
Breakthrough point source model, extended earthquake source model is used to calculate more seismic source parameters in this paper. We express seismic source using higher degree moment tensors, to reduce a Iarge numb...Breakthrough point source model, extended earthquake source model is used to calculate more seismic source parameters in this paper. We express seismic source using higher degree moment tensors, to reduce a Iarge number terms originally presenting in higher degree moment tensor representation, Haskell rupture model is used. We in verted the source parameters of Mani earthquake in Tibet using broad-band body wave of 32 stations of Global Seismograph Network (GSN), the results show that it is a strike-slip fault, rupture direction is 75°, rupture duration is 19 s, the fault plan is φ=77°， δ5=88°, A=0°, the auxiliare plane is φ=347°, δ=90°, k=178°, and the fault dimension is 47 km×28 km. These results will give new quantitative data for earth dynamics and have practical meaning for seismic source tomography research.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Project under Grant 2020YFB1806805partially funded through a grant from Qualcomm。
文摘6G is desired to support more intelligence networks and this trend attaches importance to the self-healing capability if degradation emerges in the cellular networks.As a primary component of selfhealing networks,fault detection is investigated in this paper.Considering the fast response and low timeand-computational consumption,it is the first time that the Online Broad Learning System(OBLS)is applied to identify outages in cellular networks.In addition,the Automatic-constructed Online Broad Learning System(AOBLS)is put forward to rationalize its structure and consequently avoid over-fitting and under-fitting.Furthermore,a multi-layer classification structure is proposed to further improve the classification performance.To face the challenges caused by imbalanced data in fault detection problems,a novel weighting strategy is derived to achieve the Multilayer Automatic-constructed Weighted Online Broad Learning System(MAWOBLS)and ensemble learning with retrained Support Vector Machine(SVM),denoted as EMAWOBLS,for superior treatment with this imbalance issue.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has excellent performance in detecting faults with satisfactory time usage.
文摘BACKGROUND Leiomyomas or fibroids commonly originate from the uterus;extrauterine leiomyomas are rare and most often arise from the broad ligament.Diagnosing broad ligament leiomyomas becomes particularly challenging when they undergo degenerative changes because their clinical and radiological features often mimic those of ovarian tumors.We report a rare case of a giant broad ligament fibroid with cystic degeneration,which was initially mistaken for an ovarian mass.CASE SUMMARY A 49-year-old woman presented with mild abdominal distension and pain as the only symptoms.Upon abdominal examination,a large mass measuring approximately 30 cm and extending from the pelvic cavity to just below the xiphoid process was identified.Both transvaginal ultrasound and contrast-enhanced computed tomography suggested an ovarian origin of the mass.However,laparotomy confirmed that the mass originated from the right broad ligament.The mass was separated from the uterus and bilateral ovaries,with no involvement of the uterus or ovaries.The mass was completely resected with respecting the patient’s desire to retain her uterus and adnexa.Postoperative histopathological examination confirmed leiomyoma with cystic degeneration.CONCLUSION Broad ligament myomas mimic ovarian tumors;accurate diagnosis and careful operation are critical to avoid complications and ensure safety.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272083)。
文摘Wheat leaf rust,caused by Puccinia triticina(Pt),is one of the most devastating diseases in common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)and can lead to heavy yield loss(Chai et al.2020).Leaf rust can result in 50%yield loss during epidemic years(Huerta-Espino et al.2011;Gebrewahid et al.2020;Kolomiets et al.2021).Breeding varieties resistant to leaf rust have been recognized as the most effective and economical method to mitigate wheat losses caused by Pt.The narrow genetic basis of wheat constrains the number of cultivars resistant to leaf rust(Jin et al.2021).
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62403396,62433018,62373113)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515011527,2023B1515120010)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZB20240621)
文摘In this paper, the containment control problem in nonlinear multi-agent systems(NMASs) under denial-of-service(DoS) attacks is addressed. Firstly, a prediction model is obtained using the broad learning technique to train historical data generated by the system offline without DoS attacks. Secondly, the dynamic linearization method is used to obtain the equivalent linearization model of NMASs. Then, a novel model-free adaptive predictive control(MFAPC) framework based on historical and online data generated by the system is proposed, which combines the trained prediction model with the model-free adaptive control method. The development of the MFAPC method motivates a much simpler robust predictive control solution that is convenient to use in the case of DoS attacks. Meanwhile, the MFAPC algorithm provides a unified predictive framework for solving consensus tracking and containment control problems. The boundedness of the containment error can be proven by using the contraction mapping principle and the mathematical induction method. Finally, the proposed MFAPC is assessed through comparative experiments.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61988102)the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2019B090917007)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2019B090909011)。
文摘Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl with a fluorite layer structure belongs to the family of the bismuth rare-earth oxyhalides Bi_(2)REO_(4)X(X=Cl,B r,I).However,the synthesis and photoelectric properties of Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl have almost not been reported.In this work,Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl was synthesized using the solid-state method and the solvothermal method.Yb3+ions show a strong characteristic absorption peak at 980 nm,which was measured by ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared absorption spectra.The transient photoconductivity of Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl was obtained by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy system under 400 and 800 nm laser excitations,respectively.The frequency-dependent transient photoconductivity analysis reveals the Drude-Smith behavior in Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl.Under photoexcitation,the hot charge carriers with a long relaxation lifetime and a carrier mobility of 48 cm^(2)/(V·s) are obtained.The synthesis of Bi_(2)YbO_(4)Cl is of great significance for the development of novel photocatalytic and photo harvesting materials with broad spectral response.
基金supported by the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD04077).
文摘Remodeling plant intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat immune receptors(NLRs)to engineer synthetic disease-resistance genes has emerged as a promising approach to achieving broad-spectrum disease resistance.But strategies for expanding NLR recognition spectra[[1],[2],[3],[4],[5]]are often limited by the rapid evolution of pathogens and pests.In our recent study,we developed an innovative strategy to engineer broad-spectrum,durable and complete disease resistance in plants by remodeling autoactive NLRs into protease-activated switches[6].
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program,Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(Nos.2023YFC2606500,2023YFE0206500).
文摘Coronaviruses are single-stranded,positive-sense RNA enveloped viruses that have posed a significant threat to human health over the past few decades,particularly severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV),Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus(MERS-CoV),and SARS-CoV-2.These viruses have caused widespread infections and fatalities,with profound impacts on global economies,social life,and public health systems.Due to their broad host range in natural settings and the consequent high potential for zoonotic spillover events,a thorough investigation of the common viral mechanisms and the identification of druggable targets for pan-coronavirus antiviral development are of utmost importance.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund[CX(13)3084]Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Support Program,China(BE2013352)~~
文摘This paper introduced the definition and importance of combination of sta-ple food. With broad bean nutrition flour as a sample, the preparation of the combi-nation of staple food was also described. In addition, the main nutritional value of broad bean nutrition flour was introduced. Compared with those of other single flours, the nutritional value of broad bean nutrition flour was improved. Moreover, the nutrients in the broad bean nutrition flour would not be destroyed during the processing and preparation of staple food, and the processed steamed bread and raw noodle are more characteristic. The application value and prospects of broad bean nutrition flour, as a combination of staple food, were further discussed.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(30960179)Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(2007A048M)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to indentify diseased leaves of broad bean by vibra- tional spectroscopy. [Method] In this paper, broad bean rust, fusarium rhizome rot, broad bean zonate spot, yellow leaf curl virus and normal leaves were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. [Result] The spectra of the samples were similar, only with minor differences in absorption inten- sity of several peaks. Second derivative analyses show that the significant difference of all samples was in the range of 1 200-700 cm2. The data in the range of 1 200- 700 cm＇ were selected to evaluate correlation coefficients, hierarchical cluster analy- sis （HCA） and principal component analysis （PCA）. Results showed that the correla- tion coefficients are larger than 0.928 not only between the healthy leaves, but also between the same diseased leaves. The values between healthy and diseased leaves, and among diseased leaves, are all declined. HCA and PCA yielded about 73.3% and 82.2% accuracy, respectively. [Conclusion] This study demonstrated that FTIR techniques might be used to detect crop diseases.
基金Supported by Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund[CX(12)3006]Jiangsu Province Science and Technology Support Program,China(BE2013352)Study on Saving the Cost Facility Cultivation Techniques of High-quality,Safe and Efficient in Fresh Faba Bean(HL2014029)~~
文摘Using Tongxian No.2 as material, the effects of different film-covering time, different sowing time and different planting density on the occurrence of freeze injury and yield of fresh broad beans were investigated. The randomized block design was adopted. The results showed that with the delayed film covering, the incidence of mild freeze injury and number of headless seedlings were increased correspondingly, but the yield was increased; with the delayed sowing, the branch number per plant, effective branch number per plant, incidence of mild freeze injury and number of headless seedlings were all reduced, and the broad beans, sowed on September 30 th, obtained the highest yield; planting density showed on effect on the occurrence of freeze injury, and the yield was increased with the increase of planting density. Under the same film-covering time, the incidence of freeze injury was reduced with the delayed sowing time and it showed no changes when planting density was changed, but the yield was increased with the increase of planting density and it was highest when broad bean seeds were sowed on September 30th;under the same sowing time, the incidence of freeze injury was increased with the delayed film-covering time and it showed no changes when planting density was changed, and the yield was increased with the delayed film-covering time and increased planting density; under the same planting density, the incidence of freeze injury was increased with the delayed film-covering time but was reduced with the delayed sowing time, and the yield was increased with the delayed film-covering time and it was highest when the broad bean seeds were sowed on September30 th. Under same film-covering time and sowing time, the total branch number per plant and effective branch number per plant were reduced, but the yield was increased with the increase of planting density; under same film-covering time and planting density, the incidence of freeze injury was reduced with the delayed sowing time, and the yield was highest when broad bean seeds were sowed on September30th; under same sowing time and planting density, the incidence of freeze injury and the yield were all increased with the delayed film-covering time.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(30960179)Program for Innovative Research Team in Science and Technology in University of Yunnan Province~~
文摘Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy was used to study diseased leaves in broad bean. Results showed that the infrared spectra of different broad bean diseased leaves were similar, which were mainly made up of the vibrational absorption bands of protein,lipid and polysaccharide.There were minor differences in-cluding the spectral peak position, peak shape and the absorption intensity in the range of 1 800-1 300 cm-1. There were obvious differences among their second derivative spectra in the range of 1 800-1 300 cm-1. After the procedure of the Fourier self-deconvolution and curve fitting of health bean leaves and broad bean diseased leaves in the range of 1 700-1 500 cm-1, three sub-peaks were obtained at 1 550 cm-1 （protein amide Ⅱ band）, 1 605 cm-1 （lignin） and 1 650 cm-1 （protein amide I band）.The ratios of relative areas of the bands of amide Ⅱ, lignin, and amide I were 38.86%, 28.68% and 32.47% in the spectra of healthy leaves, respec-tively. It was distinguished from the diseased leaves （chocolate spot leaf： 15.42%, 42.98% and 41.61%, ring spot leaf：32.39%, 35.63% and 31.98%, rust leaf： 13.97%, 46.40% and 39.65%, yel owing leaf curl disease leaf： 24.01%,36.55% and 39.44%）. For sub-peak area ratios （A1 563/A1 605, A1 650/A1 605 and A1 563/A1 654）, those of four kinds of diseased leaves were smal er than that of healthy leaves, and there were also differences among four kinds of diseased leaves. The results proved that FTIR combining with curve fitting might be a potential y useful tool for detecting different kinds of broad bean diseases.
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the influence of Pb2＋ on the growth and development of broad bean roots. [Method] The effects of Pb2＋ solution of different concentrations on root length, color, bending and mitotic index frequency of root tip cells of broad bean were measured and observed. [Result] Pb2＋ at concentration lower than 20 mg/L promoted the growth and development of roots, increased the cell mitotic indexes, but had little influence on root color and bending. When the Pb2＋ concentration was higher than 20 mg/L, the root growth was inhibited; the root color gradually turned deeper; the roots bended, but the cell mitotic index was decreased. [Conclusion] Pb2＋ promoted the growth of broad bean at low concentration but inhibited the growth at high concentration, and the influence was related to Pb2＋ concentration and time.
基金fnancial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51971111)。
文摘Perovskite LaCoO_(3)is of great potential in electromagnetic wave absorption considering its outstanding dielectric loss as well as the existing magnetic response with the magnetic doping.However,the dissipation mechanism of the magnetic doping on the microwave absorption is lack of sufficient investigated.In this paper,LaCo_(1-x)Fe_(x)O_(3)(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15,0.2,0.25,0.3,LCFOs)perovskites with different Fe doping amounts were prepared successfully by the sol-gel method and subsequent heat treatment in the air atmosphere.The structure characterization carried out by the frst-principles calculations shows the effect of Fe doping on the dielectric and magnetic properties of LCFOs and the strong hybridization of Co/Fe-3d with O-2p in the LCFOs system was successfully demonstrated.Particularly,when x=0.1 and the thickness is only 1.95 mm,the LaCo_(0.9)Fe_(0.1)O_(3)exhibits the best microwave absorption performance with the minimum reflection loss(RL)value of about-41 dB.The typical samples achieve a broad effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 5.16 GHz(7.92-13.08 GHz),which covers the total X band(8-12 GHz).Considering that,the especial Fe doping perovskite is promising to be a candidate as efficient microwave absorbers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61901099, 61972076, 61973069 and 62061006the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province under Grant No.F2020501037the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi under Grant No.2018JJA170167
文摘Data sharing in Internet of Vehicles(IoV)makes it possible to provide personalized services for users by service providers in Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS).As IoV is a multi-user mobile scenario,the reliability and efficiency of data sharing need to be further enhanced.Federated learning allows the server to exchange parameters without obtaining private data from clients so that the privacy is protected.Broad learning system is a novel artificial intelligence technology that can improve training efficiency of data set.Thus,we propose a federated bidirectional connection broad learning scheme(FeBBLS)to solve the data sharing issues.Firstly,we adopt the bidirectional connection broad learning system(BiBLS)model to train data set in vehicular nodes.The server aggregates the collected parameters of BiBLS from vehicular nodes through the federated broad learning system(FedBLS)algorithm.Moreover,we propose a clustering FedBLS algorithm to offload the data sharing into clusters for improving the aggregation capability of the model.Some simulation results show our scheme can improve the efficiency and prediction accuracy of data sharing and protect the privacy of data sharing.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(2018ZX10711-001)(2017YFA0205100)。
文摘Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-Co V-2)has precipitated multiple variants resistant to therapeutic antibodies.In this study,12 high-affinity antibodies were generated from convalescent donors in early outbreaks using immune antibody phage display libraries.Of them,two RBD-binding antibodies(F61 and H121)showed high-affinity neutralization against SARS-Co V-2,whereas three S2-target antibodies failed to neutralize SARS-Co V-2.Following structure analysis,F61 identified a linear epitope located in residues G446–S494,which overlapped with angiotensinconverting enzyme 2(ACE2)binding sites,while H121 recognized a conformational epitope located on the side face of RBD,outside from ACE2 binding domain.Hence the cocktail of the two antibodies achieved better performance of neutralization to SARS-Co V-2.Importantly,these two antibodies also showed efficient neutralizing activities to the variants including B.1.1.7 and B.1.351,and reacted with mutations of N501 Y,E484 K,and L452 R,indicated that it may also neutralize the recent India endemic strain B.1.617.The unchanged binding activity of F61 and H121 to RBD with multiple mutations revealed a broad neutralizing activity against variants,which mitigated the risk of viral escape.Our findings revealed the therapeutic basis of cocktail antibodies against constantly emerging SARS-Co V-2 variants and provided promising candidate antibodies to clinical treatment of COVID-19 patients infected with broad SARS-Co V-2 variants.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41471051,41071040,31170195
文摘The upper montane evergreen broad-leaved forest in Yunnan occurs mainly in the zone of persistent cloud and has a discontinuous,island-like,distribution.It is diverse,rich in endemic species,and likely to be sensitive to climate change.Six 1-ha sampling plots were established across the main distribution area of the upper montane evergreen broad-leaved forest in Yunnan.All trees with d.b.h.>1 cm in each plot were identified.Patterns of seed plant distributions were quantified at the specific,generic and family levels.The forests are dominated by the families Fagaceae,Lauraceae,Theaceae and Magnoliaceae,but are very diverse with only a few species shared between sites.Floristic similarities at the family and generic level were high,but they were low at the specific level,with species complementarity between plots.Diversity varied greatly among sites,with greater species richness and more rare species in western Yunnan than central Yunnan.The flora is dominated by tropical biogeographical elements,mainly the pantropic and the tropical Asian distributions at the family and genus levels.In contrast,at the species level,the flora is dominated by the southwest or the southeast China distributions,including Yunnan endemics.This suggests that the flora of the upper montane forest in Yunnan could have a tropical floristic origin,and has adapted to cooler temperatures with the uplift of the Himalayas.Due to great sensitivity to climate,high endemism and species complementarity,as well as the discontinuous,island-like,distribution patterns of the upper montane forest in Yunnan,the regional conservation of the forest is especially needed.
基金supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP16K00117, JP19K20250KDDI Foundationthe China Scholarship Council (201808050016)
文摘The development of communication technologies which support traffic-intensive applications presents new challenges in designing a real-time traffic analysis architecture and an accurate method that suitable for a wide variety of traffic types.Current traffic analysis methods are executed on the cloud,which needs to upload the traffic data.Fog computing is a more promising way to save bandwidth resources by offloading these tasks to the fog nodes.However,traffic analysis models based on traditional machine learning need to retrain all traffic data when updating the trained model,which are not suitable for fog computing due to the poor computing power.In this study,we design a novel fog computing based traffic analysis system using broad learning.For one thing,fog computing can provide a distributed architecture for saving the bandwidth resources.For another,we use the broad learning to incrementally train the traffic data,which is more suitable for fog computing because it can support incremental updates of models without retraining all data.We implement our system on the Raspberry Pi,and experimental results show that we have a 98%probability to accurately identify these traffic data.Moreover,our method has a faster training speed compared with Convolutional Neural Network(CNN).
基金supported by the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus
文摘In the present work, for the first time on the basis ofpoly （vinyl alcohol） （PVA）, 2- （4-dimethylaminostyryl）-l-ethylquinolinium iodide （quinaldine red （QR）） and trisodium （4E）-5-oxo- 1-（4-sulfonatophenyl）-4-[（4-sulfonatophenyl）hydrazono]-3 pyrazolecarboxylate （tartrazine （T））, thermostable polarizing film in a wide range of spectra （λmax=394-511 nm） with polarization efficiency （PE） = 98% in absorption maximum and stretching degree （Rs） = 3.5 was developed. The basic spectral-polarization parameters （polarization efficiency and transmittance） of oriented colored PVA-films were measured and discussed. During the work it was found that oriented PVA-films are the phenomenon of anisotropy of thermal conductivity （λ｜/λ⊥）. It is a very important parameter for the development of thermostable PVA-polarizing films. For the first time quantum-chemical calculations using density functional theory （DFT） approach for structural analysis and electronic spectrum of the QR were carried out via the B3LYP/dgdzvp and TDB3LYP/dgdzvp methods. Interpretation of absorption strips in visible region of spectrum was also reported. The excitation energies, electronic transitions and oscillator strengths for the studied structures have also been calculated （B3LYP/dgdzvp）. The NBO analysis and Mulliken atomic charges of the QR were carried out.
文摘Breakthrough point source model, extended earthquake source model is used to calculate more seismic source parameters in this paper. We express seismic source using higher degree moment tensors, to reduce a Iarge number terms originally presenting in higher degree moment tensor representation, Haskell rupture model is used. We in verted the source parameters of Mani earthquake in Tibet using broad-band body wave of 32 stations of Global Seismograph Network (GSN), the results show that it is a strike-slip fault, rupture direction is 75°, rupture duration is 19 s, the fault plan is φ=77°， δ5=88°, A=0°, the auxiliare plane is φ=347°, δ=90°, k=178°, and the fault dimension is 47 km×28 km. These results will give new quantitative data for earth dynamics and have practical meaning for seismic source tomography research.
