Polycrystalline diamond compact(PDC)cutters and carbon steel were brazed by AgCuInTi filler metal under vacuum condition.The effects of brazing temperature on the wettability of base metal and shear strength of joints...Polycrystalline diamond compact(PDC)cutters and carbon steel were brazed by AgCuInTi filler metal under vacuum condition.The effects of brazing temperature on the wettability of base metal and shear strength of joints were investigated.Besides,the joint's interface microstructure,composition,and phases were analyzed.Results show that the AgCuInTi filler metal exerts a good wetting effect to the surface of cemented carbide and steel.With the increase in brazing temperature,the wetting angle decreases and the spreading area increases.The suitable temperature for vacuum brazing of PDC cutters is 770℃,and the maximum shear strength is 228 MPa at this temperature.展开更多
6061 aluminum alloy was successfully vacuum brazed to 304 stainless steel using Al-Si-Ge/Cu composite filler metal.The thermodynamic model was established to analyze the formation mechanism of microstructure in brazed...6061 aluminum alloy was successfully vacuum brazed to 304 stainless steel using Al-Si-Ge/Cu composite filler metal.The thermodynamic model was established to analyze the formation mechanism of microstructure in brazed joint and element diffusion behavior between filler metal and substrate.The findings indicated that the microstructure of 6061 aluminum alloy/304 stainless steel joint was a multilayer structure composed of three zones(ZoneⅠ,ZoneⅡand ZoneⅢ).The free energy(△G)calculation results indicated that Al-Si-M(M was Fe,Cr,Ni and Cu)ternary intermetallic compounds(IMCs)formed,when on M-Al side and M-Si/Ge side was similar.And only Al-M binary IMCs would be generated when there was large difference between on M-Al side and that on M-Si/Ge side.The calculation results of chemical potential of Si△_(μSi)and Ge△_(μGe)indicated that there was continuous Si and Ge diffusion toward Zone I,forming(Ge,Si)layer.The segregation of Si and Ge hindered the diffusion of Cr toward Zone II and promoted its diffusion toward(Ge,Si)layer,leading to an upward trend of Cr distribution in Al7(Fe,Cr)2Si layer.Negative△_(μNi)and△_(μFe)were responsible for continuous diffusion of Fe and Ni toward Zone II.The small difference between△_(μcu)in Zone I and Zone II contributed to distribution of CuAl2 in Zone II.The formation mechanism of joint could be mainly divided into four steps.展开更多
A novel micro-nano Ti−10Cu−10Ni−8Al−8Nb−4Zr−1.5Hf filler was used to vacuum braze Ti−47Al−2Nb−2Cr−0.15B alloy at 1160−1220℃ for 30 min.The interfacial microstructure and formation mechanism of TiAl joints and the rel...A novel micro-nano Ti−10Cu−10Ni−8Al−8Nb−4Zr−1.5Hf filler was used to vacuum braze Ti−47Al−2Nb−2Cr−0.15B alloy at 1160−1220℃ for 30 min.The interfacial microstructure and formation mechanism of TiAl joints and the relationships among brazing temperature,interfacial microstructure and joint strength were emphatically investigated.Results show that the TiAl joints brazed at 1160 and 1180℃ possess three interfacial layers and mainly consist of α_(2)-Ti_(3)Al,τ_(3)-Al_(3)NiTi_(2) and Ti_(2)Ni,but the brazing seams are no longer layered and Ti_(2)Ni is completely replaced by the uniformly distributed τ_(3)-Al_(3)NiTi_(2) at 1200 and 1220℃ due to the destruction of α_(2)-Ti_(3)Al barrier layer.This transformation at 1200℃ obviously improves the tensile strength of the joint and obtains a maximum of 343 MPa.Notably,the outward diffusion of Al atoms from the dissolution of TiAl substrate dominates the microstructure evolution and tensile strength of the TiAl joint at different brazing temperatures.展开更多
In the pursuit of manufacturing intricate components for the nuclear industry,we developed a novel Zr_(63.2)Cu_(36.8)(wt.%)alloy via vacuum melting for brazing applications involving equiatomic high-entropy alloys(HEA...In the pursuit of manufacturing intricate components for the nuclear industry,we developed a novel Zr_(63.2)Cu_(36.8)(wt.%)alloy via vacuum melting for brazing applications involving equiatomic high-entropy alloys(HEA)of CoCrFeMnNi and zircaloy(Zr-3).We systematically investigated the influence of various brazing parameters on microstructure evolution and shear properties.Furthermore,we established a com-prehensive understanding of the relationship between the lattice structure of interfacial products,residual stress,and fracture behavior in HEA/Zr-Cu/Zr-3 joints.Our findings revealed that under specific conditions(1010℃for 10 min),the reaction products in HEA/Zr-Cu/Zr-3 joints consisted of lamellar HEAP/lamellar Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2),granular(Zr,Cu)/Zr_(2)(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe),bulk Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2),and Zrss.With increasing temperature and prolonged holding time,the layered HEAP and Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2)phases adjacent to the HEA substrates thick-ened,while the relative amounts of Zr_(2)(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)decreased,with a remarkable increase in ductile Zrss.Growth kinetics analysis of the reaction layer and EBSD analysis indicated that the HEAP phases exhibited a lower growth rate compared to the Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2)layer during brazing,and both phases exhibited random grain orientations.Particularly noteworthy was the precipitation of(Zr,Cu)within the layered Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2),which increased and coarsened with higher temperatures and extended durations.Finite element analysis and TEM analysis revealed higher residual stresses at the non-coherent Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2)/HEAP interface with a lattice mismatch of 40.6%.The body-centered cubic(BCC)structural HEAP,composed of fine grains,effectively mitigated the concentrated residual stresses due to its superior plasticity.Moreover,micro-nanoscale close-packed hexagonal(HCP)precipitates(Zr,Cu)were distributed within the brittle Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2)phases,contributing to the overall strength improvement of the joints.Consequently,high-quality HEA/Zr-3 joints were achieved,featuring a maximum strength of 172.1 MPa,equivalent to approximately 62.6%of the yield strength of Zr-3.These results highlight the potential of Zr_(63.2)Cu_(36.8)(wt.%)alloys in advanced brazing applications.展开更多
The dissimilar brazing of Nb521 niobium alloy to GH99 superalloy was achieved successfully using Ti–35Ni brazing filler under vacuum.The effects of brazing temperature and holding time were systematically analyzed on...The dissimilar brazing of Nb521 niobium alloy to GH99 superalloy was achieved successfully using Ti–35Ni brazing filler under vacuum.The effects of brazing temperature and holding time were systematically analyzed on the interfacial microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of joints.The joints brazed at 1120℃ for 10 min exhibited a typical interfacial structure composed of Nb521/β-(Nb,Ti)+TiNi/TiNi+Ti_(2)Ni/TiNi+TiNi_(3)/Cr-rich TiNi/Ti-rich(Ni,Cr)_(ss)/(Ni,Cr)_(ss)/GH99.The findings indicated that as the brazing temperature or holding time increased,the presence of brittle Ti_(2)Ni compounds decreased while the formation of TiNi_(3) gradually increased and tended to coarsen.The shear strength of joints exhibited variations corresponding to changes in interfacial brittle compound,and reached the highest value of 121 MPa at 1120℃ for 10 min.In the context of shear testing,all joints displayed clear brittle fracture patterns,with fractures predominantly occurring at the brittle compounds,namely,Ti_(2)Ni and TiNi_(3) phases.展开更多
In the present study,Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni amorphous filler metal was used to braze MgAl_(2)O_(4)ceramic and Ti-6Al-4V(TC4)at 875,900,925,950,975 and 1000℃for 10 min.The effects of brazing temperature on interfacial microstruc...In the present study,Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni amorphous filler metal was used to braze MgAl_(2)O_(4)ceramic and Ti-6Al-4V(TC4)at 875,900,925,950,975 and 1000℃for 10 min.The effects of brazing temperature on interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints were analyzed.The results showed that typical microstructure of the TC4/MgAl_(2)O_(4)joint was solid solution(SS)α-Ti,acicularα-Ti+(Ti,Zr)_(2)(Ni,Cu)layer,metallic glasses and TiO.With the increase in brazing temperature,(Ti,Zr)_(2)(Ni,Cu)layer gradually dispersed at bonding interface,a continuous layer of TiO appears near MgAl_(2)O_(4)ceramic.With the increase in brazing temperature,the hard and brittle(Ti,Zr)_(2)(Ni,Cu)layer gradually dispersed,resulting in the maximum shear strength of 39.5 MPa.The high-resolution TEM revealed the presence of amorphous structure,which is composed of Ti,Zr,Cu,Ni and Al.The values ofδandΔH_(mix)are calculated to be about 8%and−39.82 kJ/mol for the amorphous phase.展开更多
The effect of Zr on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 304 stainless steel joints brazed with Ag-Cu fillers was studied.The incorporation of Zr had little effect on the solid-liquid phase line of the fill...The effect of Zr on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 304 stainless steel joints brazed with Ag-Cu fillers was studied.The incorporation of Zr had little effect on the solid-liquid phase line of the fillers,and the melting temperature range of the fillers was narrowed,which enhanced their fluidity and wettability.The presence of Zr in the form of heterogeneous particles augmented the nucleation rate during solidification,transforming the intermittently distributed gray-black coarse dendrites into cellular crystals.This structural transformation led to fragmentation and refinement of the microstructure.The dissolution of Zr into Ag and Cu promoted the transformation of low-angle grain boundaries to high-angle grain boundaries(HAGBs),hindering crack propagation.Zr element in the brazing seam led to grain refinement and increased density of grain boundaries.The grain refinement could disperse the stress,and HAGBs could resist the dislocation movement,improving the joint strength.The results display that when Zr content was 0.75 wt.%,the maximum strength was 221.1 MPa.The fracture occurred primarily at the brazing seam,exhibiting a ductile fracture.展开更多
Achieving high-quality joining of silicon carbide(SiC)ceramics and Inconel 718 alloy has become a significant challenge for the brazing process,which is strongly dependent on the filler material.A novel composite inte...Achieving high-quality joining of silicon carbide(SiC)ceramics and Inconel 718 alloy has become a significant challenge for the brazing process,which is strongly dependent on the filler material.A novel composite interlayer consisting of high-entropy alloys(HEAs),HEA/Ni/HEA,was proposed to reduce the formation of intermetallic compounds in the brazed joints of SiC ceramics and Inconel 718 alloy.A reliable SiC/Inconel 718 brazed joint was produced at 1120℃ for 60 min.The results showed a significant reduction in the number of NiSi compounds in the brazed joint.The brazing seam structure near SiC side was filled with face-centered cubic phases with good plasticity and soft Cu-rich phases due to the high-entropy effect,which effectively suppressed the formation of intermetallic compounds.The maximum shear strength of the brazed joint reached 88 MPa,showing excellent tensile strength.The results provide a valuable basis for improving the joint quality of SiC ceramics and metals by adding high-entropy alloy fillers.展开更多
Brazing of Ti3Al alloys with the filler metal Cu-P was carried out at 1173-1273 K for 60-1800 s. When products are brazed, the optimum brazing parameters are as follows： brazing temperature is 1215-1225 K; brazing ti...Brazing of Ti3Al alloys with the filler metal Cu-P was carried out at 1173-1273 K for 60-1800 s. When products are brazed, the optimum brazing parameters are as follows： brazing temperature is 1215-1225 K; brazing time is 250-300 s. Four kinds of reaction products were observed during the brazing of Ti3Al alloys with the filler metal Cu-P, i.e., Ti3Al phase with a small quantity of Cu （Ti3Al（Cu）） formed close to the Ti3Al alloy; the TiCu intermetallic compounds layer and the Cu3P intermetallic compounds layer formed between Ti3Al（Cu） and the filler metal, and a Cu-base solid solution formed with the dispersed Cu3P in the middle of the joint. The interracial structure of brazed Ti3Al alloys joints with the filler metal Cu-P is Ti3Al/Ti3Al（Cu）/TiCu/Cu3P/Cu solid solution （Cu3P）/Cu3P/TiCu/Ti3Al（Cu）/Ti3Al, and this structure will not change with brazing time once it forms. The thickness of TiCu＋Cu3P intermetallic compounds increases with brazing time according to a parabolic law. The activation energy Q and the growth velocity/to of reaction layer TiCu＋Cu3P in the brazed joints of Ti3Al alloys with the filler metal Cu-P are 286 kJ/mol and 0.0821 m2/s, respectively, and growth formula was y2=O.O821exp（-34421.59/T）t.Careful control of the growth for the reaction layer TiCu＋Cu3P can influence the final joint strength. The formation of the intermetallic compounds TiCu＋Cu3P results in embrittlement of the joint and poor joint properties. The Cu-P filler metal is not fit for obtaining a high-quality joint of Ti3Al brazed.展开更多
For the purpose of high-temperature service and the weight reduction in aviation engineering applications, the dissimilar joining of Ti3Al-based alloy to Ni-based superalloy (GH536) was conducted using Au-17.5Ni (wt%)...For the purpose of high-temperature service and the weight reduction in aviation engineering applications, the dissimilar joining of Ti3Al-based alloy to Ni-based superalloy (GH536) was conducted using Au-17.5Ni (wt%) brazing filler metal. The microstructure and chemical composition at the interfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope. The diffusion behaviors of elements were analyzed as well. The results indicated that the Ti3Al/GH536 joint microstructure was characterized by multiple layer structures. Element Ni from Au-Ni filler metal reacted with Ti3Al base metal, leading to the formation of AlNi2Ti and NiTi compounds. Element Ni from Ti3Al base metal reacted with Ni and thus Ni3Nb phase was detected in the joint central area. Due to the dissolution of Ni-based superalloy,(Ni,Au) solid solution ((Ni,Au)ss) and Ni-rich phase were visible adjacent to the superalloy side. The average tensile strength of all the joints brazed at 1253 K for 5-20 min was above 356 MPa at room-temperature. In particular, the joints brazed at 1253 K/15 min presented the maximum tensile strength of434 MPa at room-temperature, and the strength of 314 MPa was maintained at 923 K. AlNi2Ti compound resulted in the highest hardness area and the fracture of the samples subjected to the tensile test mainly occurred in this zone.展开更多
Porous Si3N4 was brazed to Invar alloy in this study, and Ag-Cu-Ti/Cu/Ag-Cu multi-layered filler was designed to inhibit the formation of Fe2Ti and Ni3Ti intermetallic compounds. The effects of the brazing temperature...Porous Si3N4 was brazed to Invar alloy in this study, and Ag-Cu-Ti/Cu/Ag-Cu multi-layered filler was designed to inhibit the formation of Fe2Ti and Ni3Ti intermetallic compounds. The effects of the brazing temperature and the thickness of Cu interlayer on the microstructure and mechanical properties of brazed joints were investigated. The typical microstructure of the joint brazed with multi-layered filler was porous Si3N4/TiN ＋ Ti5Si3/Ag-Cu eutectic[Cu[Ag-Cu eutectic/Cu-rich layer ＋ diffusion layer/Invar. When the brazing temperature increased, the reaction layer at the ceramic/filler interface grew thicker and the Cu interlayer turned thinner. As the thickness of Cu interlayer increased from 50 to 150 μm, the joint strength first increased and then decreased. In this research, the maximum shear strength （73 MPa） was obtained when being brazed at 1173 K with a 100 μm Cu interlayer applied in the filler, which was 55% higher than that brazed with single Ag-Cu-Ti brazing alloy and had reached 86% of the ceramic. The release of residual stress and the barrier effect of Cu interlayer to inhibit the formation of Fe2Ti and Ni3Ti intermetallics played the major role in the improvement of joint strength.展开更多
Brazing of a Ni-based single crystal superalloy has been investigated with the additive Ni-based superalloy and filler Ni–Cr–W–B alloy at 1260℃, and attentions were paid to the microstructure evolution during braz...Brazing of a Ni-based single crystal superalloy has been investigated with the additive Ni-based superalloy and filler Ni–Cr–W–B alloy at 1260℃, and attentions were paid to the microstructure evolution during brazing and the stress-rupture behavior at 980℃ of such brazed joints after homogenization. Microstructure in the brazed joint generally includes brazing alloy zone（BAZ）, isothermally solidified zone（ISZ） and diffusion affected zone（DAZ）. Microstructure evolution during this brazing process is discussed at the heating stage, the holding stage and the cooling stage respectively, according to the diffusion path of B atoms. Initially well-distributed γ’/γ’ microstructure in the homogenized bonded zone after heat treatment and substantial γ’ rafts enhance the post-brazed joint to obtain a stress-rupture lifetime of more than 120 h at 980℃/250 MPa. On the other hand, the decreased stress-rupture behavior of post-brazed joint, compared with parenting material, is ascribed to the presence of inside brazing porosity and stray grain boundary, which not only reduces the effective loading-carrying area but also offers preferential sites for creep vacancy aggregation to further soften stray grain boundary. And finally an early fracture of these post-brazed joints through the intergranular microholes aggregation and growth mode under this testing condition was observed.展开更多
The influence of brazing temperature and brazing time on the microstructure and shear strength ofγ-TiAl/GH536 joints brazed with Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-Fe-Co-Mo filler was investigated using SEM,EDS,XRD and universal testing ma...The influence of brazing temperature and brazing time on the microstructure and shear strength ofγ-TiAl/GH536 joints brazed with Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-Fe-Co-Mo filler was investigated using SEM,EDS,XRD and universal testing machine.Results show that all the brazed joints mainly consist of four reaction layers regardless of the brazing temperature and brazing time.The thickness of the brazed seam and the average shear strength of the joint increase firstly and then decrease with brazing temperature in the range of 1090-1170℃and brazing time varying from 0 to 20 min.The maximum shear strength of 262 MPa is obtained at 1150℃for 10 min.The brittle Al3NiTi2 and TiNi3 intermetallics are the main controlling factors for the crack generation and deterioration of joint strength.The fracture surface is characterized as typical cleavage fracture and it mainly consists of massive brittle Al3NiTi2 intermetallics.展开更多
In order to join the similar magnesium alloy, a novel Zn-Mg-Al filler metal was designed and applied to braze AZ31B plates by using high-frequency induction brazing technique. The microstructure, phase constitution an...In order to join the similar magnesium alloy, a novel Zn-Mg-Al filler metal was designed and applied to braze AZ31B plates by using high-frequency induction brazing technique. The microstructure, phase constitution and fracture morphology of the brazed joint were investigated. The experimental results show that MgZn2 phase in the original filler metal is completely consumed in the brazing process. Moreover, α-Mg solid solution and α-Mg＋MgZn eutectoid structure formed in the brazing region due to the intensive alloying between the molten filler metal and the base metal in the brazing process. Test results indicate that the shear strength of the brazed joint is 56 MPa. The fracture morphology of the brazed joint shows intergranular fracture mode, where crack originates from the hard α-Mg＋MgZn eutectoid structure.展开更多
WC-Co hard metal was furnace brazed by Ag-Cu-Zn+Ni/Mn filler alloy using a tube furnace under high-purity argon at730°C.The influence of brazing time and gap size of joints was studied.The results revealed the ma...WC-Co hard metal was furnace brazed by Ag-Cu-Zn+Ni/Mn filler alloy using a tube furnace under high-purity argon at730°C.The influence of brazing time and gap size of joints was studied.The results revealed the maximum shear strength of(156±7)MPa for samples with150μm gap size at a holding time15min.The characterization and microstructure of the brazed joints were characterized by SEM,EDS and XRD.The results showed that increasing the time from5to15min could provide a better chance for the liquid interlayer to flow towards the base metal.However,the formation of some metallic phases such as Mn3W3C at brazing time longer than15min resulted in decreased shear strength of the joint.展开更多
For the purpose of elevated temperature service and weight reduction in aerospace vehicle applications,a novel Ti-Zr-Fe-Cu-Ni-Co-Mo filler metal was employed to join TiAl to Ni-based superalloy(GH536).The effects of b...For the purpose of elevated temperature service and weight reduction in aerospace vehicle applications,a novel Ti-Zr-Fe-Cu-Ni-Co-Mo filler metal was employed to join TiAl to Ni-based superalloy(GH536).The effects of brazing temperature on interfacial microstructure and chemical composition of the joints were analyzed.The representative joint microstructure from TiAl substrate to GH536 substrate was primarily composed of four characteristic layers in order:B_(2);Al_(3)NiTi_(2);AlNi_(2)Ti containing Cr-rich(Cr,Ni,Fe)_(ss)(subscript ss represents solid solution),Ni-rich(Ni,Cr,Fe)_(ss) and TiNi3;Cr-rich(Cr,Ni,Fe)_(ss)containing AlNi_(2)Ti,Ni-rich(Ni,Cr,Fe)_(ss) and TiNi3.Layer IV has the majority of the brazing seam,while LayerⅡwas the thinnest.And the thickness of LayerⅡwas not affected by brazing temperature.With the increase in brazing temperature in the range of 1110-1170℃,both the shear strength and the thickness of brazing seam firstly increased and then decreased.The joint performance was jointly controlled by the thickness of brazing seam,the amounts of microcracks and intermetallic compounds formed in brazing seam.The maximum shear strength of 183 MPa at room temperature was obtained together with a peak thickness when the joint was brazed at 1150℃for 10 min and the shear fracture mainly occurred in the thinnest LayerⅡAl_(3)NiTi_(2).展开更多
Mo-Cu composite and Cr18-Ni8 stainless steel were brazed with Ni-Cr-P filler metal in a vacuum of 10-4 Pa and a Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 joint was obtained. Microstructure in Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 joint was investigated by field-emiss...Mo-Cu composite and Cr18-Ni8 stainless steel were brazed with Ni-Cr-P filler metal in a vacuum of 10-4 Pa and a Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 joint was obtained. Microstructure in Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 joint was investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscope( FE-SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometer( EDS). Shear strength of Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 lap joint was measured by electromechanical universal testing machine. An excellent Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 joint with a shear strength of 155 MPa was achieved at 980 ℃ for 20 min. Brazed joint was mainly comprised of eutectic structure in the center of brazing seam,matrix structure and lump structure. Ni-Cu( Mo) and Ni-Fe solid solution were at the interface beside Mo-Cu composite and Cr18-Ni8 stainless steel,respectively. Shear fracture exhibited mixed ductile-brittle fracture feature with trans-granular fracture,ductile dimples and tearing edges. Fracture originated from the interface between brazing seam and Mo-Cu composite.展开更多
The mechanical properties and microstructural distribution of the Cu/A1 brazing joints formed by torch-brazing with different Zn-A1 filler metals were investigated. The microstructure of the Zn-A1 alloys was studied b...The mechanical properties and microstructural distribution of the Cu/A1 brazing joints formed by torch-brazing with different Zn-A1 filler metals were investigated. The microstructure of the Zn-A1 alloys was studied by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and the phase constitution of the Cu/A1 joints was analyzed by energy dispersion spectrometry. The results show that the spreading area of the Zn-A1 filler metals on the Cu and A1 substrates increases as the A1 content increases. The mechanical results indicate that the shear strength reaches a peak value of 88 MPa when A1 and Cu are brazed with Zn-15AI filler metal. Microhardness levels from HV122 to HV515 were produced in the three brazing seam regions corresponding to various microstructure features. The Zn- and Al-rich phases exist in the middle brazing seam regions. However, two interface layers, CuZn3 and A12Cu are formed on the Cu side when the A1 content in the filler metals is 2% and more than 15%, respectively. The relationship between intermetallic compounds on Cu side and Zn-xA1 filler metals was investigated.展开更多
Vacuum brazing was successfully used to join Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy using Ti-Ni-Nb brazing alloys prepared by arc-melting. The influence of Nb content in the Ti-Ni-Nb brazing alloys on the interfacial microstructure and m...Vacuum brazing was successfully used to join Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy using Ti-Ni-Nb brazing alloys prepared by arc-melting. The influence of Nb content in the Ti-Ni-Nb brazing alloys on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of the brazed joints was investigated. The results showed that the interfacial microstructure of brazed joint consisted of B2, O, ？3, and Ti2 Ni phase, while the width of brazing seams varied at different Nb contents. The room temperature shear strength reached359 MPa when the joints were brazed with eutectic Ti40Ni40Nb20 alloy at 1180？C for 20 min, and it was321, 308 and 256 MPa at 500, 650 and 800？C, respectively. Cracks primarily initiated and propagated in ？3compounds, and partially traversed B2＋O region. Moreover, the fracture surface displayed typical ductile dimples when cracks propagated through B2＋O region, which was favorable for the mechanical properties of the brazed joint.展开更多
Cu75Pt25 brazing filler was applied to brazing GH99 superalloy to Nb,and the sound joints were obtained by adjusting brazing parameters.The typical interfacial microstructure of the brazed joint was Nb/Nb7Ni6+NbNi3/Ni...Cu75Pt25 brazing filler was applied to brazing GH99 superalloy to Nb,and the sound joints were obtained by adjusting brazing parameters.The typical interfacial microstructure of the brazed joint was Nb/Nb7Ni6+NbNi3/Ni(s,s)+Cr-rich NbNi3+(NbCr2+NbNi3)/GH99.The effects of brazing temperature and holding time on the interfacial microstructure of GH99/Cu75Pt25/Nb joints were studied.The results showed that the solution and diffusion of Ni atoms from GH99 substrate into brazing seam played a critical role in the interfacial microstructure evolution.As the brazing temperature rose,the Nb−Ni reaction layer was formed instead of the initial Nb3Pt layer,and the thickness increased firstly and then remained constant.The highest shear strength of the joint reached 152 MPa when brazed at 1150℃ for 15 min.All of the joints presented a brittle fracture mode during shear test,and the fracture location changed from Nb3Pt layer to Nb−Ni compounds layer.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52075551,52271045,51975469)Supported by State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining(AWJ-22M09)+2 种基金Supported by State Key Laboratory of Advanced Brazing Filler Metals and Technology(SKLABFMT201904)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2022GY-224)Innovative Talent Recommendation Program(Youth Science and Technology New Star Project)of Shaanxi Province(2020 KJX X-045)。
文摘Polycrystalline diamond compact(PDC)cutters and carbon steel were brazed by AgCuInTi filler metal under vacuum condition.The effects of brazing temperature on the wettability of base metal and shear strength of joints were investigated.Besides,the joint's interface microstructure,composition,and phases were analyzed.Results show that the AgCuInTi filler metal exerts a good wetting effect to the surface of cemented carbide and steel.With the increase in brazing temperature,the wetting angle decreases and the spreading area increases.The suitable temperature for vacuum brazing of PDC cutters is 770℃,and the maximum shear strength is 228 MPa at this temperature.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.203S20230001),awarded to Wei-min Long。
文摘6061 aluminum alloy was successfully vacuum brazed to 304 stainless steel using Al-Si-Ge/Cu composite filler metal.The thermodynamic model was established to analyze the formation mechanism of microstructure in brazed joint and element diffusion behavior between filler metal and substrate.The findings indicated that the microstructure of 6061 aluminum alloy/304 stainless steel joint was a multilayer structure composed of three zones(ZoneⅠ,ZoneⅡand ZoneⅢ).The free energy(△G)calculation results indicated that Al-Si-M(M was Fe,Cr,Ni and Cu)ternary intermetallic compounds(IMCs)formed,when on M-Al side and M-Si/Ge side was similar.And only Al-M binary IMCs would be generated when there was large difference between on M-Al side and that on M-Si/Ge side.The calculation results of chemical potential of Si△_(μSi)and Ge△_(μGe)indicated that there was continuous Si and Ge diffusion toward Zone I,forming(Ge,Si)layer.The segregation of Si and Ge hindered the diffusion of Cr toward Zone II and promoted its diffusion toward(Ge,Si)layer,leading to an upward trend of Cr distribution in Al7(Fe,Cr)2Si layer.Negative△_(μNi)and△_(μFe)were responsible for continuous diffusion of Fe and Ni toward Zone II.The small difference between△_(μcu)in Zone I and Zone II contributed to distribution of CuAl2 in Zone II.The formation mechanism of joint could be mainly divided into four steps.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51865012)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China(No.20202BABL204040)+3 种基金the Open Foundation of National Engineering Research Center of Near-net-shape Forming for Metallic Materials,China(No.2016005)the Science Foundation of Educational Department of Jiangxi Province,China(No.GJJ170372)the GF Basic Scientific Research Project,China(No.JCKY2020205C002)the Civil Population Supporting Planning and Development Project,China(No.JPPT125GH038).
文摘A novel micro-nano Ti−10Cu−10Ni−8Al−8Nb−4Zr−1.5Hf filler was used to vacuum braze Ti−47Al−2Nb−2Cr−0.15B alloy at 1160−1220℃ for 30 min.The interfacial microstructure and formation mechanism of TiAl joints and the relationships among brazing temperature,interfacial microstructure and joint strength were emphatically investigated.Results show that the TiAl joints brazed at 1160 and 1180℃ possess three interfacial layers and mainly consist of α_(2)-Ti_(3)Al,τ_(3)-Al_(3)NiTi_(2) and Ti_(2)Ni,but the brazing seams are no longer layered and Ti_(2)Ni is completely replaced by the uniformly distributed τ_(3)-Al_(3)NiTi_(2) at 1200 and 1220℃ due to the destruction of α_(2)-Ti_(3)Al barrier layer.This transformation at 1200℃ obviously improves the tensile strength of the joint and obtains a maximum of 343 MPa.Notably,the outward diffusion of Al atoms from the dissolution of TiAl substrate dominates the microstructure evolution and tensile strength of the TiAl joint at different brazing temperatures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52275321 and 52205348)the Shandong Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2023JQ021)+3 种基金the Taishan Scholars Foundation of Shandong Province(No.tsqn201812128)the Innovation Scientists and Technicians Troop Projects of Henan Province(No.204200510031)the Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program(No.HITTY-20190013)supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIP)(Nos.NRF-2021R1A2C3006662 and NRF-2022R1A5A1030054).
文摘In the pursuit of manufacturing intricate components for the nuclear industry,we developed a novel Zr_(63.2)Cu_(36.8)(wt.%)alloy via vacuum melting for brazing applications involving equiatomic high-entropy alloys(HEA)of CoCrFeMnNi and zircaloy(Zr-3).We systematically investigated the influence of various brazing parameters on microstructure evolution and shear properties.Furthermore,we established a com-prehensive understanding of the relationship between the lattice structure of interfacial products,residual stress,and fracture behavior in HEA/Zr-Cu/Zr-3 joints.Our findings revealed that under specific conditions(1010℃for 10 min),the reaction products in HEA/Zr-Cu/Zr-3 joints consisted of lamellar HEAP/lamellar Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2),granular(Zr,Cu)/Zr_(2)(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe),bulk Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2),and Zrss.With increasing temperature and prolonged holding time,the layered HEAP and Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2)phases adjacent to the HEA substrates thick-ened,while the relative amounts of Zr_(2)(Cu,Ni,Co,Fe)decreased,with a remarkable increase in ductile Zrss.Growth kinetics analysis of the reaction layer and EBSD analysis indicated that the HEAP phases exhibited a lower growth rate compared to the Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2)layer during brazing,and both phases exhibited random grain orientations.Particularly noteworthy was the precipitation of(Zr,Cu)within the layered Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2),which increased and coarsened with higher temperatures and extended durations.Finite element analysis and TEM analysis revealed higher residual stresses at the non-coherent Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2)/HEAP interface with a lattice mismatch of 40.6%.The body-centered cubic(BCC)structural HEAP,composed of fine grains,effectively mitigated the concentrated residual stresses due to its superior plasticity.Moreover,micro-nanoscale close-packed hexagonal(HCP)precipitates(Zr,Cu)were distributed within the brittle Zr(Cr,Mn)_(2)phases,contributing to the overall strength improvement of the joints.Consequently,high-quality HEA/Zr-3 joints were achieved,featuring a maximum strength of 172.1 MPa,equivalent to approximately 62.6%of the yield strength of Zr-3.These results highlight the potential of Zr_(63.2)Cu_(36.8)(wt.%)alloys in advanced brazing applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52175307)Shandong Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.ZR2023JQ021).
文摘The dissimilar brazing of Nb521 niobium alloy to GH99 superalloy was achieved successfully using Ti–35Ni brazing filler under vacuum.The effects of brazing temperature and holding time were systematically analyzed on the interfacial microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of joints.The joints brazed at 1120℃ for 10 min exhibited a typical interfacial structure composed of Nb521/β-(Nb,Ti)+TiNi/TiNi+Ti_(2)Ni/TiNi+TiNi_(3)/Cr-rich TiNi/Ti-rich(Ni,Cr)_(ss)/(Ni,Cr)_(ss)/GH99.The findings indicated that as the brazing temperature or holding time increased,the presence of brittle Ti_(2)Ni compounds decreased while the formation of TiNi_(3) gradually increased and tended to coarsen.The shear strength of joints exhibited variations corresponding to changes in interfacial brittle compound,and reached the highest value of 121 MPa at 1120℃ for 10 min.In the context of shear testing,all joints displayed clear brittle fracture patterns,with fractures predominantly occurring at the brittle compounds,namely,Ti_(2)Ni and TiNi_(3) phases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51975480 and 52045449)the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing(NPU),China(Grant No.2023-TS-11).
文摘In the present study,Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni amorphous filler metal was used to braze MgAl_(2)O_(4)ceramic and Ti-6Al-4V(TC4)at 875,900,925,950,975 and 1000℃for 10 min.The effects of brazing temperature on interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints were analyzed.The results showed that typical microstructure of the TC4/MgAl_(2)O_(4)joint was solid solution(SS)α-Ti,acicularα-Ti+(Ti,Zr)_(2)(Ni,Cu)layer,metallic glasses and TiO.With the increase in brazing temperature,(Ti,Zr)_(2)(Ni,Cu)layer gradually dispersed at bonding interface,a continuous layer of TiO appears near MgAl_(2)O_(4)ceramic.With the increase in brazing temperature,the hard and brittle(Ti,Zr)_(2)(Ni,Cu)layer gradually dispersed,resulting in the maximum shear strength of 39.5 MPa.The high-resolution TEM revealed the presence of amorphous structure,which is composed of Ti,Zr,Cu,Ni and Al.The values ofδandΔH_(mix)are calculated to be about 8%and−39.82 kJ/mol for the amorphous phase.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Key Projects(Grant No.U22A20191)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Provincial Science and Technology Department(232300420088)Henan Province Science and Technology Research and Development Plan Joint Fund Project(225200810013).
文摘The effect of Zr on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 304 stainless steel joints brazed with Ag-Cu fillers was studied.The incorporation of Zr had little effect on the solid-liquid phase line of the fillers,and the melting temperature range of the fillers was narrowed,which enhanced their fluidity and wettability.The presence of Zr in the form of heterogeneous particles augmented the nucleation rate during solidification,transforming the intermittently distributed gray-black coarse dendrites into cellular crystals.This structural transformation led to fragmentation and refinement of the microstructure.The dissolution of Zr into Ag and Cu promoted the transformation of low-angle grain boundaries to high-angle grain boundaries(HAGBs),hindering crack propagation.Zr element in the brazing seam led to grain refinement and increased density of grain boundaries.The grain refinement could disperse the stress,and HAGBs could resist the dislocation movement,improving the joint strength.The results display that when Zr content was 0.75 wt.%,the maximum strength was 221.1 MPa.The fracture occurred primarily at the brazing seam,exhibiting a ductile fracture.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52074017)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(3232005)+3 种基金2024 BJUT Introducing Intelligence Breeding Project(2024DL01)China-CEEC Joint Education Project for Higher Education(2021113)State Key Laboratory of Advanced Brazing Filler Metals and Technology(SKLABFMT202004)State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining(AWJ-20-M01).
文摘Achieving high-quality joining of silicon carbide(SiC)ceramics and Inconel 718 alloy has become a significant challenge for the brazing process,which is strongly dependent on the filler material.A novel composite interlayer consisting of high-entropy alloys(HEAs),HEA/Ni/HEA,was proposed to reduce the formation of intermetallic compounds in the brazed joints of SiC ceramics and Inconel 718 alloy.A reliable SiC/Inconel 718 brazed joint was produced at 1120℃ for 60 min.The results showed a significant reduction in the number of NiSi compounds in the brazed joint.The brazing seam structure near SiC side was filled with face-centered cubic phases with good plasticity and soft Cu-rich phases due to the high-entropy effect,which effectively suppressed the formation of intermetallic compounds.The maximum shear strength of the brazed joint reached 88 MPa,showing excellent tensile strength.The results provide a valuable basis for improving the joint quality of SiC ceramics and metals by adding high-entropy alloy fillers.
基金This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50325517).
文摘Brazing of Ti3Al alloys with the filler metal Cu-P was carried out at 1173-1273 K for 60-1800 s. When products are brazed, the optimum brazing parameters are as follows： brazing temperature is 1215-1225 K; brazing time is 250-300 s. Four kinds of reaction products were observed during the brazing of Ti3Al alloys with the filler metal Cu-P, i.e., Ti3Al phase with a small quantity of Cu （Ti3Al（Cu）） formed close to the Ti3Al alloy; the TiCu intermetallic compounds layer and the Cu3P intermetallic compounds layer formed between Ti3Al（Cu） and the filler metal, and a Cu-base solid solution formed with the dispersed Cu3P in the middle of the joint. The interracial structure of brazed Ti3Al alloys joints with the filler metal Cu-P is Ti3Al/Ti3Al（Cu）/TiCu/Cu3P/Cu solid solution （Cu3P）/Cu3P/TiCu/Ti3Al（Cu）/Ti3Al, and this structure will not change with brazing time once it forms. The thickness of TiCu＋Cu3P intermetallic compounds increases with brazing time according to a parabolic law. The activation energy Q and the growth velocity/to of reaction layer TiCu＋Cu3P in the brazed joints of Ti3Al alloys with the filler metal Cu-P are 286 kJ/mol and 0.0821 m2/s, respectively, and growth formula was y2=O.O821exp（-34421.59/T）t.Careful control of the growth for the reaction layer TiCu＋Cu3P can influence the final joint strength. The formation of the intermetallic compounds TiCu＋Cu3P results in embrittlement of the joint and poor joint properties. The Cu-P filler metal is not fit for obtaining a high-quality joint of Ti3Al brazed.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51705489)the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Brazing Filler Metals and Technology, Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering (No. SKLABFMT201603)
文摘For the purpose of high-temperature service and the weight reduction in aviation engineering applications, the dissimilar joining of Ti3Al-based alloy to Ni-based superalloy (GH536) was conducted using Au-17.5Ni (wt%) brazing filler metal. The microstructure and chemical composition at the interfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope. The diffusion behaviors of elements were analyzed as well. The results indicated that the Ti3Al/GH536 joint microstructure was characterized by multiple layer structures. Element Ni from Au-Ni filler metal reacted with Ti3Al base metal, leading to the formation of AlNi2Ti and NiTi compounds. Element Ni from Ti3Al base metal reacted with Ni and thus Ni3Nb phase was detected in the joint central area. Due to the dissolution of Ni-based superalloy,(Ni,Au) solid solution ((Ni,Au)ss) and Ni-rich phase were visible adjacent to the superalloy side. The average tensile strength of all the joints brazed at 1253 K for 5-20 min was above 356 MPa at room-temperature. In particular, the joints brazed at 1253 K/15 min presented the maximum tensile strength of434 MPa at room-temperature, and the strength of 314 MPa was maintained at 923 K. AlNi2Ti compound resulted in the highest hardness area and the fracture of the samples subjected to the tensile test mainly occurred in this zone.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51372049, 51321061 and U1537206)
文摘Porous Si3N4 was brazed to Invar alloy in this study, and Ag-Cu-Ti/Cu/Ag-Cu multi-layered filler was designed to inhibit the formation of Fe2Ti and Ni3Ti intermetallic compounds. The effects of the brazing temperature and the thickness of Cu interlayer on the microstructure and mechanical properties of brazed joints were investigated. The typical microstructure of the joint brazed with multi-layered filler was porous Si3N4/TiN ＋ Ti5Si3/Ag-Cu eutectic[Cu[Ag-Cu eutectic/Cu-rich layer ＋ diffusion layer/Invar. When the brazing temperature increased, the reaction layer at the ceramic/filler interface grew thicker and the Cu interlayer turned thinner. As the thickness of Cu interlayer increased from 50 to 150 μm, the joint strength first increased and then decreased. In this research, the maximum shear strength （73 MPa） was obtained when being brazed at 1173 K with a 100 μm Cu interlayer applied in the filler, which was 55% higher than that brazed with single Ag-Cu-Ti brazing alloy and had reached 86% of the ceramic. The release of residual stress and the barrier effect of Cu interlayer to inhibit the formation of Fe2Ti and Ni3Ti intermetallics played the major role in the improvement of joint strength.
基金financial supports from the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (“863 Program”, No. 20102014AA041701)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11332010, No. U1508213, No. 51331005, No. 51401210, No. 51601192, No. 51671188 and No. 51571196)
文摘Brazing of a Ni-based single crystal superalloy has been investigated with the additive Ni-based superalloy and filler Ni–Cr–W–B alloy at 1260℃, and attentions were paid to the microstructure evolution during brazing and the stress-rupture behavior at 980℃ of such brazed joints after homogenization. Microstructure in the brazed joint generally includes brazing alloy zone（BAZ）, isothermally solidified zone（ISZ） and diffusion affected zone（DAZ）. Microstructure evolution during this brazing process is discussed at the heating stage, the holding stage and the cooling stage respectively, according to the diffusion path of B atoms. Initially well-distributed γ’/γ’ microstructure in the homogenized bonded zone after heat treatment and substantial γ’ rafts enhance the post-brazed joint to obtain a stress-rupture lifetime of more than 120 h at 980℃/250 MPa. On the other hand, the decreased stress-rupture behavior of post-brazed joint, compared with parenting material, is ascribed to the presence of inside brazing porosity and stray grain boundary, which not only reduces the effective loading-carrying area but also offers preferential sites for creep vacancy aggregation to further soften stray grain boundary. And finally an early fracture of these post-brazed joints through the intergranular microholes aggregation and growth mode under this testing condition was observed.
基金Project(51865012)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(20202BABL204040)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province,China+3 种基金Project(2016005)supported by the Open Foundation of National Engineering Research Center of Near-net-shape Forming for Metallic Materials,ChinaProject(GJJ170372)supported by the Science Foundation of Educational Department of Jiangxi Province,ChinaProject(JCKY2016603C003)supported by the GF Basic Research Project,ChinaProject(JPPT125GH038)supported by the Research Project of Special Furnishment and Part,China。
文摘The influence of brazing temperature and brazing time on the microstructure and shear strength ofγ-TiAl/GH536 joints brazed with Ti-Zr-Cu-Ni-Fe-Co-Mo filler was investigated using SEM,EDS,XRD and universal testing machine.Results show that all the brazed joints mainly consist of four reaction layers regardless of the brazing temperature and brazing time.The thickness of the brazed seam and the average shear strength of the joint increase firstly and then decrease with brazing temperature in the range of 1090-1170℃and brazing time varying from 0 to 20 min.The maximum shear strength of 262 MPa is obtained at 1150℃for 10 min.The brittle Al3NiTi2 and TiNi3 intermetallics are the main controlling factors for the crack generation and deterioration of joint strength.The fracture surface is characterized as typical cleavage fracture and it mainly consists of massive brittle Al3NiTi2 intermetallics.
基金supported by the Beijing Municipal Education Commission (Grant No.KM200710005005)
文摘In order to join the similar magnesium alloy, a novel Zn-Mg-Al filler metal was designed and applied to braze AZ31B plates by using high-frequency induction brazing technique. The microstructure, phase constitution and fracture morphology of the brazed joint were investigated. The experimental results show that MgZn2 phase in the original filler metal is completely consumed in the brazing process. Moreover, α-Mg solid solution and α-Mg＋MgZn eutectoid structure formed in the brazing region due to the intensive alloying between the molten filler metal and the base metal in the brazing process. Test results indicate that the shear strength of the brazed joint is 56 MPa. The fracture morphology of the brazed joint shows intergranular fracture mode, where crack originates from the hard α-Mg＋MgZn eutectoid structure.
文摘WC-Co hard metal was furnace brazed by Ag-Cu-Zn+Ni/Mn filler alloy using a tube furnace under high-purity argon at730°C.The influence of brazing time and gap size of joints was studied.The results revealed the maximum shear strength of(156±7)MPa for samples with150μm gap size at a holding time15min.The characterization and microstructure of the brazed joints were characterized by SEM,EDS and XRD.The results showed that increasing the time from5to15min could provide a better chance for the liquid interlayer to flow towards the base metal.However,the formation of some metallic phases such as Mn3W3C at brazing time longer than15min resulted in decreased shear strength of the joint.
基金financially supported by the GF Basic Research Project(No.JCKY2016603C003)the Research Fund Project of National Engineering Research Center of Near-netshape Forming Technology for Metallic Materials(No.2016005)。
文摘For the purpose of elevated temperature service and weight reduction in aerospace vehicle applications,a novel Ti-Zr-Fe-Cu-Ni-Co-Mo filler metal was employed to join TiAl to Ni-based superalloy(GH536).The effects of brazing temperature on interfacial microstructure and chemical composition of the joints were analyzed.The representative joint microstructure from TiAl substrate to GH536 substrate was primarily composed of four characteristic layers in order:B_(2);Al_(3)NiTi_(2);AlNi_(2)Ti containing Cr-rich(Cr,Ni,Fe)_(ss)(subscript ss represents solid solution),Ni-rich(Ni,Cr,Fe)_(ss) and TiNi3;Cr-rich(Cr,Ni,Fe)_(ss)containing AlNi_(2)Ti,Ni-rich(Ni,Cr,Fe)_(ss) and TiNi3.Layer IV has the majority of the brazing seam,while LayerⅡwas the thinnest.And the thickness of LayerⅡwas not affected by brazing temperature.With the increase in brazing temperature in the range of 1110-1170℃,both the shear strength and the thickness of brazing seam firstly increased and then decreased.The joint performance was jointly controlled by the thickness of brazing seam,the amounts of microcracks and intermetallic compounds formed in brazing seam.The maximum shear strength of 183 MPa at room temperature was obtained together with a peak thickness when the joint was brazed at 1150℃for 10 min and the shear fracture mainly occurred in the thinnest LayerⅡAl_(3)NiTi_(2).
基金supported by Shandong Natural Science Foundation(ZR2015EM040)
文摘Mo-Cu composite and Cr18-Ni8 stainless steel were brazed with Ni-Cr-P filler metal in a vacuum of 10-4 Pa and a Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 joint was obtained. Microstructure in Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 joint was investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscope( FE-SEM) with energy dispersive spectrometer( EDS). Shear strength of Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 lap joint was measured by electromechanical universal testing machine. An excellent Mo-Cu/Cr18-Ni8 joint with a shear strength of 155 MPa was achieved at 980 ℃ for 20 min. Brazed joint was mainly comprised of eutectic structure in the center of brazing seam,matrix structure and lump structure. Ni-Cu( Mo) and Ni-Fe solid solution were at the interface beside Mo-Cu composite and Cr18-Ni8 stainless steel,respectively. Shear fracture exhibited mixed ductile-brittle fracture feature with trans-granular fracture,ductile dimples and tearing edges. Fracture originated from the interface between brazing seam and Mo-Cu composite.
基金Project (2009GJC20040) supported by the Scientist and Technician Serve the Enterprise,MOST,China
文摘The mechanical properties and microstructural distribution of the Cu/A1 brazing joints formed by torch-brazing with different Zn-A1 filler metals were investigated. The microstructure of the Zn-A1 alloys was studied by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and the phase constitution of the Cu/A1 joints was analyzed by energy dispersion spectrometry. The results show that the spreading area of the Zn-A1 filler metals on the Cu and A1 substrates increases as the A1 content increases. The mechanical results indicate that the shear strength reaches a peak value of 88 MPa when A1 and Cu are brazed with Zn-15AI filler metal. Microhardness levels from HV122 to HV515 were produced in the three brazing seam regions corresponding to various microstructure features. The Zn- and Al-rich phases exist in the middle brazing seam regions. However, two interface layers, CuZn3 and A12Cu are formed on the Cu side when the A1 content in the filler metals is 2% and more than 15%, respectively. The relationship between intermetallic compounds on Cu side and Zn-xA1 filler metals was investigated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51574177)the China Natural Founds for Distinguished Young Scientists (Grant No. 51325401)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (“863” Program, Granted No. 2015AA042504)
文摘Vacuum brazing was successfully used to join Ti-22Al-25Nb alloy using Ti-Ni-Nb brazing alloys prepared by arc-melting. The influence of Nb content in the Ti-Ni-Nb brazing alloys on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of the brazed joints was investigated. The results showed that the interfacial microstructure of brazed joint consisted of B2, O, ？3, and Ti2 Ni phase, while the width of brazing seams varied at different Nb contents. The room temperature shear strength reached359 MPa when the joints were brazed with eutectic Ti40Ni40Nb20 alloy at 1180？C for 20 min, and it was321, 308 and 256 MPa at 500, 650 and 800？C, respectively. Cracks primarily initiated and propagated in ？3compounds, and partially traversed B2＋O region. Moreover, the fracture surface displayed typical ductile dimples when cracks propagated through B2＋O region, which was favorable for the mechanical properties of the brazed joint.
基金Projects(51905125,51775138,U1737205)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(ZR2019BEE031)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,ChinaProjects(2017GGX40103,2019GHY112069)supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province,China。
文摘Cu75Pt25 brazing filler was applied to brazing GH99 superalloy to Nb,and the sound joints were obtained by adjusting brazing parameters.The typical interfacial microstructure of the brazed joint was Nb/Nb7Ni6+NbNi3/Ni(s,s)+Cr-rich NbNi3+(NbCr2+NbNi3)/GH99.The effects of brazing temperature and holding time on the interfacial microstructure of GH99/Cu75Pt25/Nb joints were studied.The results showed that the solution and diffusion of Ni atoms from GH99 substrate into brazing seam played a critical role in the interfacial microstructure evolution.As the brazing temperature rose,the Nb−Ni reaction layer was formed instead of the initial Nb3Pt layer,and the thickness increased firstly and then remained constant.The highest shear strength of the joint reached 152 MPa when brazed at 1150℃ for 15 min.All of the joints presented a brittle fracture mode during shear test,and the fracture location changed from Nb3Pt layer to Nb−Ni compounds layer.
