A 2-D non-uniform sediment mat hmatical model in the boundary-fitting orthogonal coordinate system was develop ed in this paper. The governing equations, the numerical scheme, the boundary con ditions, the movable bou...A 2-D non-uniform sediment mat hmatical model in the boundary-fitting orthogonal coordinate system was develop ed in this paper. The governing equations, the numerical scheme, the boundary con ditions, the movable boundary technique and the numerical solutions were present ed. The model was verified by the data of the reach 25km upstream the Jialingjia ng estuary and the 44km long main stream of the Chongqing reach of the Yangtze r iver. The calculated results show that, the water elevation, the velocity distri bution and the river bed deformation are in agreement with the measured data.展开更多
Fine grids with small spacing in boundary-fitted coordinates are normally used to treat the computation of fluid dynamics for estuarine areas and tidal flats. However, the adoption of Cartesian components of velocity ...Fine grids with small spacing in boundary-fitted coordinates are normally used to treat the computation of fluid dynamics for estuarine areas and tidal flats. However, the adoption of Cartesian components of velocity vectors in this kind of non-orthogonal coordinates will definitely result in a difficulty in solving implicitly the transformed momentum equations, and also complicate the wet-dry point judgement used for flood areas. To solve this problem, equations in terms of generalized contravariant velocity vectors in curvilinear coordinates are derived in the present study, by virtue of which, an Alternative-Direction-Implicit numerical scheme in non-orthogonal grids would then be easily obtained, and wet-dry point judgement would as well be largely simplified. A comparison is made between the explicit scheme and implicit scheme, showing that the present model is accurate and numerically stable for computations of fluid dynamics for estuarine areas and tidal flats.展开更多
River ice is a natural phenomenon in cold regions, influenced by meteorology, geomorphology, and hydraulic conditions. River ice processes involve complex interactions between hydrodynamic, mechanical, and thermal pro...River ice is a natural phenomenon in cold regions, influenced by meteorology, geomorphology, and hydraulic conditions. River ice processes involve complex interactions between hydrodynamic, mechanical, and thermal processes, and they are also influenced by weather and hydrologic conditions. Because natural rivers are serpentine, with bends, narrows, and straight reaches, the commonly-used one-dimensional river ice models and two-dimensional models based on the rectangular Cartesian coordinates are incapable of simulating the physical phenomena accurately. In order to accurately simulate the complicated river geometry and overcome the difficulties of numerical simulation resulting from both complex boundaries and differences between length and width scales, a two-dimensional river ice numerical model based on a boundary-fitted coordinate transformation method was developed. The presented model considers the influence of the frazil ice accumulation under ice cover and the shape of the leading edge of ice cover during the freezing process. The model is capable of determining the velocity field, the distribution of water temperature, the concentration distribution of frazil ice, the transport of floating ice, the progression, stability, and thawing of ice cover, and the transport, accumulation, and erosion of ice under ice cover. A MacCormack scheme was used to solve the equations numerically. The model was validated with field observations from the Hequ Reach of the Yellow River. Comparison of simulation results with field data indicates that the model is capable of simulating the river ice process with high accuracy.展开更多
In order to overcome the zigzag grids generated by conventional finite difference method on complicated casting boundaries in the simulation of casting process, the generation program for 2-D boundary-fitted coordinat...In order to overcome the zigzag grids generated by conventional finite difference method on complicated casting boundaries in the simulation of casting process, the generation program for 2-D boundary-fitted coordinate grid has been developed by solving a set of partial differential equations (PDE) numerically. The STL format files were treated as input data for 2-D physical regions. The equipartition method for boundary points was used to improve the self-adaptability of grid according to the characteristic of the STL format files. The program was demonstrated through some examples. The comparison between the conventional finite difference method and the proposed method shows that this program is effective and flexible for generation of boundary-fitted grid in any arbitrary 2-D complex domain, and the grid is in accordance with the variety of boundary curvature finely. The program also provides two types of boundary-fitted grids for double-connected region, O-type and C-type. The limitation of the step-like boundary with the rectangle grid could be avoided effectively. Therefore, the computational accuracy and efficiency would be improved and the computational time would be saved significantly by the application of boundary-fitted grids.展开更多
In this study, the momentum equations describing an atmospheric flow over a NW Pacific region of Mexico are solved numerically. In order to capture the complex flow-topography interactions with detail, a combination o...In this study, the momentum equations describing an atmospheric flow over a NW Pacific region of Mexico are solved numerically. In order to capture the complex flow-topography interactions with detail, a combination of a numerical wind model in full 3D curvilinear coordinates, along with a high resolution boundary-fitted grid is used. Boundary conditions were obtained from ten years (2002-2012) of measured offshore wind data. Prevailing winds from April to September during that period of observations were selected for the simulations. For the cases analyzed, it was found that at the points of the study region (PSS, PSM, PM), wind speed increased about 10% to 20% of its offshore values, while inland they decreased about 86% to 96%. This spatial behavior agreed very well with the observed local winds. A coastal jet (CJ), 35 km long with speeds about 1.5 - 2 m/s, emanating from PSS was found for NNW winds. Modeled winds were also used to compute wind stresses, wind stress curl, and CUI fields. Wind stress values agreed very well to those reported in the literature. High values of wind stress curl, and CUI were found at the lee of the points (PSS, PSM, PM). Indirect estimations of sea surface currents were about 15 - 20 cm/s offshore and 5 - 10 cm/s at the coast.展开更多
Comparisons of wave reflection, transmission and harmonics due to different types of sub merged structures are investigated by a numerical method, the boundary-fitted coordinate (BFC) method. The types of submerged st...Comparisons of wave reflection, transmission and harmonics due to different types of sub merged structures are investigated by a numerical method, the boundary-fitted coordinate (BFC) method. The types of submerged structures include a submerged horizontal plate, submerged breakwa ters (rectangular and trapezoidal) and a step-type structure (topography). First, the BFC method is ver ified by comparing the computed results with the experimental data, including wave surface elevations, reflected and transmitted wave heights, and amplitudes of higher harmonics, showing that the method is a reasonable one to predict wave deformations due to the submerged structures. Secondly, the wave sur face elevations and the higher harmonics over different submerged structures are compared. Thirdly, re flected and transmitted waves due to different submerged structures are investigated.展开更多
Presented in this paper is a numerical study on the interaction of progressive waves propagating in a body of water overlying a layer of viscous fluid mud on the bottom, with emphasis placed on the induced oscillatory...Presented in this paper is a numerical study on the interaction of progressive waves propagating in a body of water overlying a layer of viscous fluid mud on the bottom, with emphasis placed on the induced oscillatory motion of the watermud interface. The fully nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations with the complete set of viscous boundary conditions are solved numerically by a finite difference method that is based on a time-dependent boundary-fitted curvilinear coordinate system, for the simulation of wave motion in the two-layer viscous fluid system. Waves of moderate wavelength are generated in the upper water layer by a numerical flap-type wavemaker. The dynamic pressure due to the surface wave is transmitted downward onto the lower layer, generating wave motion on the interface. On mimicking some reported experimental conditions, the ratio of interfacial to surface wave amplitudes is evaluated and the results are found to compare more favorably with the experimental data than the prediction by a linear theory.展开更多
A series of numerical experiments from a barotropic configuration of the General Curvilinear Ocean Model (GCOM) was conducted to analyze the response to infragravity (IG) waves of the Port of Ensenada, located within ...A series of numerical experiments from a barotropic configuration of the General Curvilinear Ocean Model (GCOM) was conducted to analyze the response to infragravity (IG) waves of the Port of Ensenada, located within Bahia de Todos Santos (BTS), west coast of Mexico. Experiments with forcing frequencies f = 50?1 min?1, f = 30?1 min?1, f = 25?1 min?1 and f = 16.66?1 min?1 showed the expected increase of energy at the corresponding forcing frequency band and also the appearance of secondary peaks of energy at frequency bands f = 8.33?1 min?1 and f = 4.16?1 min?1 which were identified as modes f<sub>1 </sub>and f<sub>2</sub>;being the band at f = 16.66?1 min?1 the zeroth f<sub>0</sub> mode. Maximum peak of spectral energy from the numerical experiments was found at frequency band f<sub>0</sub> = 16.66?1 min?1 which agreed with the estimated maximum value of the amplification factor and with the T<sub>0</sub> mode of oscillation of the port. Distribution of amplitudes inside PE for modes f<sub>0</sub>, f<sub>1</sub> and f<sub>2</sub> were also presented. Mode f<sub>0</sub> represents a quarter-wave oscillation with amplitudes of the same sign;mode f<sub>1</sub> has two nodal lines and mode f<sub>2</sub> presents and additional one. Corresponding harbor currents were also calculated, they were in the range 20 - 160 cm?s?1. Finally, in order to elucidate the source of the external signals found in the spectral analysis of this study, the natural oscillation modes of the BTS were estimated. Although more studies are needed, BTS oscillation mode T<sub>2</sub> = 16.82 min, was identified as the external forcing that excites larger oscillations within the port.展开更多
This paper is concerned with the mathematical model for the numerical simulation of supercritical surface flows. A boundary-fitted coordinate system was used to overcome the difficulties and inaccuracy associated w...This paper is concerned with the mathematical model for the numerical simulation of supercritical surface flows. A boundary-fitted coordinate system was used to overcome the difficulties and inaccuracy associated with the determination of flow characteristics near the fl ow boundaries. The MacCormack scheme was applied for the solution of the transfo rmed system of equations. Comparisions between computed results and experimental data show a satisfactory agreement.展开更多
A depth averaged nonlinear k ε model for turbulent flows in complex geometries has been developed in a boundary fitted coordinate system. The SIMPLEC procedure is used to develop an economical discrete method for ...A depth averaged nonlinear k ε model for turbulent flows in complex geometries has been developed in a boundary fitted coordinate system. The SIMPLEC procedure is used to develop an economical discrete method for staggered grids to analyze flows in a 90° bend. This paper describes how to change a program in rectangular coordinate into a boundary fitted coordinate. The results compare well with experimental data for flow in a meandering channel showing the efficiency of the model and the discrete method.展开更多
This paper presents a numerical method for simulating the 2-D tidal flow andwater quality with the orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. In order to overcome the computationaldifficulties in natural rivers, such as the ...This paper presents a numerical method for simulating the 2-D tidal flow andwater quality with the orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. In order to overcome the computationaldifficulties in natural rivers, such as the complicated boundary figures, the great disparitybetween length and width of computational domain, etc. , orthogonal boundary-filled grid was used.The irregular domain in physical plane was transformed into a rectangular domain in a transformedplane, and the depth-averaged momentum equations and mass equation were given and discretized basedon the alternating direction implicit finite difference scheme in curvilinear coordinates. Theapplication of the presented method was illustrated by an example of analyzing the Yangtze River inthe vicinity of Nanjing city. A fair agreement between the measured data and computed resultsdemonstrates the validity of the developed method.展开更多
This paper presents a numerical method to simulate the 2-D tidal flow and water quality under the curvilinear coordinates. In order to overcome the computational difficulties in natural rivers, such as the complicated...This paper presents a numerical method to simulate the 2-D tidal flow and water quality under the curvilinear coordinates. In order to overcome the computational difficulties in natural rivers, such as the complicated boundary figures, the great disparity between length and width of computational domain, etc. , boundary-fitted grid is used, the irregular domain in physical plane is transformed into a rectangular domain in transformed plane, and the depth-averaged momentum equations and mass equation are rewritten and discretized based on the finite volume techniques in curvilinear coordinates. Practical application of the method is illustrated by an example for the Dachangzhen Section of the Yangtze River. A fair agreement between the values measured and computed demonstrates the validity of the method developed.展开更多
This paper is concerned with the numerical solution of two-dimensional flow.The technique of boundary-fitted coordinate systems is used to overcome the difficulties resulting from the complicated shape of natural rive...This paper is concerned with the numerical solution of two-dimensional flow.The technique of boundary-fitted coordinate systems is used to overcome the difficulties resulting from the complicated shape of natural river boundaries; the method of fractional steps is used to solve the partial differential equations in the transformed plane; and the technique of moving boundary is used to deal with the river bed exposed to water surface. Comparison between computed and experimental data shows a satisfactory agreement.展开更多
A numerical study was conducted for the fully developed laminar flow in rotating curved elliptical pipe. Due to the rotation, the Coriolis force can also contribute to the secondary flow. The interaction of rotation a...A numerical study was conducted for the fully developed laminar flow in rotating curved elliptical pipe. Due to the rotation, the Coriolis force can also contribute to the secondary flow. The interaction of rotation and curvature complicates the flow characteristics. The boundary-fitted coordinate was adopted to study the flow characteristic in the rotating systems. The effects of rotation on the flow transition were studied in detail. The generation and mergence of vortices in rotating curved elliptical pipes were also captured for the first time. The simulation results show that the flow for the case of large aspect ratio of the cross-section is more likely to be unstable than that for smaller one.展开更多
A higher-order non-hydrostatic model is developed to simulate the wave propagation over irregular bottoms based on a vertical boundary-fitted coordinate system. In the model, an explicit projection method is adopted t...A higher-order non-hydrostatic model is developed to simulate the wave propagation over irregular bottoms based on a vertical boundary-fitted coordinate system. In the model, an explicit projection method is adopted to solve the unsteady Euler equations. Advection terms are integrated explicitly with the MacCormack＇s scheme, with a second-order accuracy in both space and time. Two classical examples of surface wave propagation are used to demonstrate the capability of the model. It is found that the model with only two vertical layers could accurately simulate the motion of waves, including wave shoaling, nonlinearity, dispersion, refraction, and diffraction phenomena.展开更多
Using boundary-fitted coordinate system, the Navier-Stokes equations in terms of stream function and vorticity are solved for the flow across a semicircular-sectioncylinder. The flow structure is analyzed for the Reyn...Using boundary-fitted coordinate system, the Navier-Stokes equations in terms of stream function and vorticity are solved for the flow across a semicircular-sectioncylinder. The flow structure is analyzed for the Reynolds number Re=100. Vortex shedding behind the cylinder wake can be observed clearly.展开更多
文摘A 2-D non-uniform sediment mat hmatical model in the boundary-fitting orthogonal coordinate system was develop ed in this paper. The governing equations, the numerical scheme, the boundary con ditions, the movable boundary technique and the numerical solutions were present ed. The model was verified by the data of the reach 25km upstream the Jialingjia ng estuary and the 44km long main stream of the Chongqing reach of the Yangtze r iver. The calculated results show that, the water elevation, the velocity distri bution and the river bed deformation are in agreement with the measured data.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China and National Excellent Youth Foundation of China.(Grant No.49606069)
文摘Fine grids with small spacing in boundary-fitted coordinates are normally used to treat the computation of fluid dynamics for estuarine areas and tidal flats. However, the adoption of Cartesian components of velocity vectors in this kind of non-orthogonal coordinates will definitely result in a difficulty in solving implicitly the transformed momentum equations, and also complicate the wet-dry point judgement used for flood areas. To solve this problem, equations in terms of generalized contravariant velocity vectors in curvilinear coordinates are derived in the present study, by virtue of which, an Alternative-Direction-Implicit numerical scheme in non-orthogonal grids would then be easily obtained, and wet-dry point judgement would as well be largely simplified. A comparison is made between the explicit scheme and implicit scheme, showing that the present model is accurate and numerically stable for computations of fluid dynamics for estuarine areas and tidal flats.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.50579030)
文摘River ice is a natural phenomenon in cold regions, influenced by meteorology, geomorphology, and hydraulic conditions. River ice processes involve complex interactions between hydrodynamic, mechanical, and thermal processes, and they are also influenced by weather and hydrologic conditions. Because natural rivers are serpentine, with bends, narrows, and straight reaches, the commonly-used one-dimensional river ice models and two-dimensional models based on the rectangular Cartesian coordinates are incapable of simulating the physical phenomena accurately. In order to accurately simulate the complicated river geometry and overcome the difficulties of numerical simulation resulting from both complex boundaries and differences between length and width scales, a two-dimensional river ice numerical model based on a boundary-fitted coordinate transformation method was developed. The presented model considers the influence of the frazil ice accumulation under ice cover and the shape of the leading edge of ice cover during the freezing process. The model is capable of determining the velocity field, the distribution of water temperature, the concentration distribution of frazil ice, the transport of floating ice, the progression, stability, and thawing of ice cover, and the transport, accumulation, and erosion of ice under ice cover. A MacCormack scheme was used to solve the equations numerically. The model was validated with field observations from the Hequ Reach of the Yellow River. Comparison of simulation results with field data indicates that the model is capable of simulating the river ice process with high accuracy.
基金supported by State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology(09-04)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50775050)
文摘In order to overcome the zigzag grids generated by conventional finite difference method on complicated casting boundaries in the simulation of casting process, the generation program for 2-D boundary-fitted coordinate grid has been developed by solving a set of partial differential equations (PDE) numerically. The STL format files were treated as input data for 2-D physical regions. The equipartition method for boundary points was used to improve the self-adaptability of grid according to the characteristic of the STL format files. The program was demonstrated through some examples. The comparison between the conventional finite difference method and the proposed method shows that this program is effective and flexible for generation of boundary-fitted grid in any arbitrary 2-D complex domain, and the grid is in accordance with the variety of boundary curvature finely. The program also provides two types of boundary-fitted grids for double-connected region, O-type and C-type. The limitation of the step-like boundary with the rectangle grid could be avoided effectively. Therefore, the computational accuracy and efficiency would be improved and the computational time would be saved significantly by the application of boundary-fitted grids.
文摘In this study, the momentum equations describing an atmospheric flow over a NW Pacific region of Mexico are solved numerically. In order to capture the complex flow-topography interactions with detail, a combination of a numerical wind model in full 3D curvilinear coordinates, along with a high resolution boundary-fitted grid is used. Boundary conditions were obtained from ten years (2002-2012) of measured offshore wind data. Prevailing winds from April to September during that period of observations were selected for the simulations. For the cases analyzed, it was found that at the points of the study region (PSS, PSM, PM), wind speed increased about 10% to 20% of its offshore values, while inland they decreased about 86% to 96%. This spatial behavior agreed very well with the observed local winds. A coastal jet (CJ), 35 km long with speeds about 1.5 - 2 m/s, emanating from PSS was found for NNW winds. Modeled winds were also used to compute wind stresses, wind stress curl, and CUI fields. Wind stress values agreed very well to those reported in the literature. High values of wind stress curl, and CUI were found at the lee of the points (PSS, PSM, PM). Indirect estimations of sea surface currents were about 15 - 20 cm/s offshore and 5 - 10 cm/s at the coast.
文摘Comparisons of wave reflection, transmission and harmonics due to different types of sub merged structures are investigated by a numerical method, the boundary-fitted coordinate (BFC) method. The types of submerged structures include a submerged horizontal plate, submerged breakwa ters (rectangular and trapezoidal) and a step-type structure (topography). First, the BFC method is ver ified by comparing the computed results with the experimental data, including wave surface elevations, reflected and transmitted wave heights, and amplitudes of higher harmonics, showing that the method is a reasonable one to predict wave deformations due to the submerged structures. Secondly, the wave sur face elevations and the higher harmonics over different submerged structures are compared. Thirdly, re flected and transmitted waves due to different submerged structures are investigated.
基金The work was supported by the Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China ,through Project Nos . HKU7081/02Eand HKU7199/03E.
文摘Presented in this paper is a numerical study on the interaction of progressive waves propagating in a body of water overlying a layer of viscous fluid mud on the bottom, with emphasis placed on the induced oscillatory motion of the watermud interface. The fully nonlinear Navier-Stokes equations with the complete set of viscous boundary conditions are solved numerically by a finite difference method that is based on a time-dependent boundary-fitted curvilinear coordinate system, for the simulation of wave motion in the two-layer viscous fluid system. Waves of moderate wavelength are generated in the upper water layer by a numerical flap-type wavemaker. The dynamic pressure due to the surface wave is transmitted downward onto the lower layer, generating wave motion on the interface. On mimicking some reported experimental conditions, the ratio of interfacial to surface wave amplitudes is evaluated and the results are found to compare more favorably with the experimental data than the prediction by a linear theory.
文摘A series of numerical experiments from a barotropic configuration of the General Curvilinear Ocean Model (GCOM) was conducted to analyze the response to infragravity (IG) waves of the Port of Ensenada, located within Bahia de Todos Santos (BTS), west coast of Mexico. Experiments with forcing frequencies f = 50?1 min?1, f = 30?1 min?1, f = 25?1 min?1 and f = 16.66?1 min?1 showed the expected increase of energy at the corresponding forcing frequency band and also the appearance of secondary peaks of energy at frequency bands f = 8.33?1 min?1 and f = 4.16?1 min?1 which were identified as modes f<sub>1 </sub>and f<sub>2</sub>;being the band at f = 16.66?1 min?1 the zeroth f<sub>0</sub> mode. Maximum peak of spectral energy from the numerical experiments was found at frequency band f<sub>0</sub> = 16.66?1 min?1 which agreed with the estimated maximum value of the amplification factor and with the T<sub>0</sub> mode of oscillation of the port. Distribution of amplitudes inside PE for modes f<sub>0</sub>, f<sub>1</sub> and f<sub>2</sub> were also presented. Mode f<sub>0</sub> represents a quarter-wave oscillation with amplitudes of the same sign;mode f<sub>1</sub> has two nodal lines and mode f<sub>2</sub> presents and additional one. Corresponding harbor currents were also calculated, they were in the range 20 - 160 cm?s?1. Finally, in order to elucidate the source of the external signals found in the spectral analysis of this study, the natural oscillation modes of the BTS were estimated. Although more studies are needed, BTS oscillation mode T<sub>2</sub> = 16.82 min, was identified as the external forcing that excites larger oscillations within the port.
基金Project Supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation National Natural Science Foundation of China (No:59839330), t
文摘This paper is concerned with the mathematical model for the numerical simulation of supercritical surface flows. A boundary-fitted coordinate system was used to overcome the difficulties and inaccuracy associated with the determination of flow characteristics near the fl ow boundaries. The MacCormack scheme was applied for the solution of the transfo rmed system of equations. Comparisions between computed results and experimental data show a satisfactory agreement.
文摘A depth averaged nonlinear k ε model for turbulent flows in complex geometries has been developed in a boundary fitted coordinate system. The SIMPLEC procedure is used to develop an economical discrete method for staggered grids to analyze flows in a 90° bend. This paper describes how to change a program in rectangular coordinate into a boundary fitted coordinate. The results compare well with experimental data for flow in a meandering channel showing the efficiency of the model and the discrete method.
文摘This paper presents a numerical method for simulating the 2-D tidal flow andwater quality with the orthogonal curvilinear coordinates. In order to overcome the computationaldifficulties in natural rivers, such as the complicated boundary figures, the great disparitybetween length and width of computational domain, etc. , orthogonal boundary-filled grid was used.The irregular domain in physical plane was transformed into a rectangular domain in a transformedplane, and the depth-averaged momentum equations and mass equation were given and discretized basedon the alternating direction implicit finite difference scheme in curvilinear coordinates. Theapplication of the presented method was illustrated by an example of analyzing the Yangtze River inthe vicinity of Nanjing city. A fair agreement between the measured data and computed resultsdemonstrates the validity of the developed method.
文摘This paper presents a numerical method to simulate the 2-D tidal flow and water quality under the curvilinear coordinates. In order to overcome the computational difficulties in natural rivers, such as the complicated boundary figures, the great disparity between length and width of computational domain, etc. , boundary-fitted grid is used, the irregular domain in physical plane is transformed into a rectangular domain in transformed plane, and the depth-averaged momentum equations and mass equation are rewritten and discretized based on the finite volume techniques in curvilinear coordinates. Practical application of the method is illustrated by an example for the Dachangzhen Section of the Yangtze River. A fair agreement between the values measured and computed demonstrates the validity of the method developed.
文摘This paper is concerned with the numerical solution of two-dimensional flow.The technique of boundary-fitted coordinate systems is used to overcome the difficulties resulting from the complicated shape of natural river boundaries; the method of fractional steps is used to solve the partial differential equations in the transformed plane; and the technique of moving boundary is used to deal with the river bed exposed to water surface. Comparison between computed and experimental data shows a satisfactory agreement.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No: 10272096)
文摘A numerical study was conducted for the fully developed laminar flow in rotating curved elliptical pipe. Due to the rotation, the Coriolis force can also contribute to the secondary flow. The interaction of rotation and curvature complicates the flow characteristics. The boundary-fitted coordinate was adopted to study the flow characteristic in the rotating systems. The effects of rotation on the flow transition were studied in detail. The generation and mergence of vortices in rotating curved elliptical pipes were also captured for the first time. The simulation results show that the flow for the case of large aspect ratio of the cross-section is more likely to be unstable than that for smaller one.
文摘A higher-order non-hydrostatic model is developed to simulate the wave propagation over irregular bottoms based on a vertical boundary-fitted coordinate system. In the model, an explicit projection method is adopted to solve the unsteady Euler equations. Advection terms are integrated explicitly with the MacCormack＇s scheme, with a second-order accuracy in both space and time. Two classical examples of surface wave propagation are used to demonstrate the capability of the model. It is found that the model with only two vertical layers could accurately simulate the motion of waves, including wave shoaling, nonlinearity, dispersion, refraction, and diffraction phenomena.
文摘Using boundary-fitted coordinate system, the Navier-Stokes equations in terms of stream function and vorticity are solved for the flow across a semicircular-sectioncylinder. The flow structure is analyzed for the Reynolds number Re=100. Vortex shedding behind the cylinder wake can be observed clearly.
