The surface of sequence boundary is a negative record. Its recognition largely depends on the physics of the sediments below and above the boundaries, or on the different sedimentary structures are synthetic marks for...The surface of sequence boundary is a negative record. Its recognition largely depends on the physics of the sediments below and above the boundaries, or on the different sedimentary structures are synthetic marks for the sedimentation and tectonic movements in the sedimentary basin. The Qiangtang Basin that is in 5000m above the sea level is located in Northern Tibet. The Lazhulung—Jinshajiang suture zone now bound it to the north and the Bangong—Nujiang suture zone to the south. Three second\|order tectonic units have been distinguished, i.e. North Qiangtang depression, Central rise and South Qiangtang depression from north to south.The Upper Permian Riejuichaka Formation is built up of mudstone and mud\|limestone, which is represented by sediments in seamarsh. The Lower Triassic Kuanglu Formation, which exhibits the structure unconformable contact with the overlying Upper Permian strata, is characterized by terrigenous clastic rocks in the lower area and is carbonate rocks in the upwarding area and the Middle Triassic Kuangnan Formation. The Upper Triassic Xiachaka Formation consisting of terrigenous clastic rocks, carbonates rocks and mixed sediments, is confined to the uplift zones. The lower Jurassic volcanic rocks are deposited in continental rift. The middle and Upper Jurassic Yangshiping Group are conformable contact and assembled by the gypsum\|bearing terrigenous clastic rock formations and carbonate rock formation. The Middle Cretaceous and the Paleocene strata is built up of the terrigenous clastic rock formations.展开更多
"Boundarics in Biomedicine"is a cutting-edge interdisciplinary discipline,which is of great significance for understanding the origin of life,the interaction between internal and external environments,and th..."Boundarics in Biomedicine"is a cutting-edge interdisciplinary discipline,which is of great significance for understanding the origin of life,the interaction between internal and external environments,and the mechanism of disease occurrence and evolution.Here,the definition of Boundarics in Biomedicine is first described,including its connotation,research object,research method,challenges,and future perspectives."Boundarics in Biomedicine"is a cutting-edge interdisciplinary discipline involving multiple fields(e.g.,bioscience,medicine,chemistry,materials science,and information science)dedicated to investigating and solving key scientific questions in the formation,identification,and evolution of living organism boundaries.Specifically,it encompasses 3 levels:(a)the boundary between the living organism and the external environment,(b)internal boundary within living organism,and(c)the boundary related to disease in living organism.The advancement of research in Boundarics in Biomedicine is of great scientific significance for understanding the origin of life,the interaction between internal and external environments,and the mechanism of disease occurrence and evolution,thus providing novel principles,technologies,and methods for early diagnosis and prevention of major diseases,personalized drug development,and prognosis assessment(Fig.1).展开更多
Accurate mapping of boundarics in biomedicine is crucial for improving early diagnosis,crafting individualized medical regimens,and evaluating therapeutic efficacy.Magnetic nanomaterials have attracted considerable at...Accurate mapping of boundarics in biomedicine is crucial for improving early diagnosis,crafting individualized medical regimens,and evaluating therapeutic efficacy.Magnetic nanomaterials have attracted considerable attention in the diagnosis and treatment of disease lesions,due to their unique physicochemical properties(e.g.,magnetically responsive performance and superparamagnetism).In recent years,the application of magnetic nanoparticles in disease imaging has advanced rapidly,showing significant advantages in the detection of tumors and other major diseases.Leveraging their strong magnetic properties,magnetic nanoparticles not only enable high-precision real-time detection of lesions but also possess potential for long-term monitoring.In this article,key aspects of magnetic nanomaterials applied for boundarics in biomedicine are discussed,including controllable material preparation,material performance optimization,and lesion boundary imaging.Furthermore,the prevailing strategies for magnetic nanomaterials and their successful implementation in multimodal imaging techniques are summarized,with particular emphasis on their significance in defining the boundaries of tumors and other major diseases.Ultimately,the challenges that persist in boundarics in biomedicine and the corresponding approaches are presented,providing insights to advance boundary imaging techniques.展开更多
Beyond graphene, two-dimensional （2D） transition metal dichalcogenides （TMDs） have attracted significant attention owing to their potential in next-generation nanoelectronics and optoelectronics. Nevertheless, gra...Beyond graphene, two-dimensional （2D） transition metal dichalcogenides （TMDs） have attracted significant attention owing to their potential in next-generation nanoelectronics and optoelectronics. Nevertheless, grain boundaries are ubiquitous in large-area as-grown TMD materials and would significantly affect their band structure, electrical transport, and optical properties. Therefore, the characterization of grain boundaries is essential for engineering the properties and optimizing the growth in TMD materials. Although the existence of boundaries can be measured using scanning tunneling microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, or nonlinear optical microscop~ a universal, convenient, and accurate method to detect boundaries with a twist angle over a large scale is still lacking. Herein, we report a high-throughput method using mild hot H20 etching to visualize grain boundaries of TMDs under an optical microscope, while ensuring that the method is nearly noninvasive to grain domains. This technique utilizes the reactivity difference between stable grain domains and defective grain boundaries and the mild etching capacity of hot water vapor. As grain boundaries of two domains with twist angles have defective lines, this method enables to visualize all types of grain boundaries unambiguously. Moreover, the characterization is based on an optical microscope and therefore naturally of a large scale. We further demonstrate the successful application of this method to other TMD materials such as MoS2 and WSe2. Our technique facilitates the large-area characterization of grain boundaries and will accelerate the controllable growth of large single-crystal TMDs.展开更多
Body-centered cubic Ti-Zr-Nb-Ta-Mo multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs),boasting a yield strength ex-ceeding one gigapascal,emerge as promising candidates for demanding structural applications.However,their limited t...Body-centered cubic Ti-Zr-Nb-Ta-Mo multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs),boasting a yield strength ex-ceeding one gigapascal,emerge as promising candidates for demanding structural applications.However,their limited tensile ductility at room temperature presents a significant challenge to their processability and large-scale implementation.This study identifies phase decomposition as a critical factor influencing the plasticity of these alloys.The microscale phase decomposition in these MPEAs during solidification,driven by miscibility gaps,manifests as dendritic structures within grains.Closer examination reveals that the MPEAs with a pronounced thermodynamic propensity for phase decomposition are also suscep-tible to analogous phenomena at the atomic level.The atomic phase decomposition is characterized by the localized aggregation of some elements across nanometric domains,culminating in the establishment of short-range orderings(SROs).It is observed that phase decomposition for these MPEAs,occurring at both microscale and atomic scale,adheres to thermodynamic principles and can be predicted using the CALPHAD approach.The impact of phase decomposition on the plasticity of MPEAs fundamentally stems from the induced heterogeneities at three distinct levels:(1)Fluctuations in mechanical properties at the micron scale;(2)Variations in the strain field at the atomic scale;(3)Bond polarization and bond index fluctuations at the electronic scale.Consequently,the key to designing high-strength and high-plasticity MPEAs lies in maximizing lattice distortion while simultaneously minimizing the adverse effects of phase decomposition on the alloy’s plasticity(grain boundary cohesion).This research not only clarifies the mechanisms underpinning the ductile-to-brittle transition in high-strength Ti-Zr-Nb-Ta-Mo MPEAs but also offers crucial guidelines for developing advanced,high-performance alloys.展开更多
文摘The surface of sequence boundary is a negative record. Its recognition largely depends on the physics of the sediments below and above the boundaries, or on the different sedimentary structures are synthetic marks for the sedimentation and tectonic movements in the sedimentary basin. The Qiangtang Basin that is in 5000m above the sea level is located in Northern Tibet. The Lazhulung—Jinshajiang suture zone now bound it to the north and the Bangong—Nujiang suture zone to the south. Three second\|order tectonic units have been distinguished, i.e. North Qiangtang depression, Central rise and South Qiangtang depression from north to south.The Upper Permian Riejuichaka Formation is built up of mudstone and mud\|limestone, which is represented by sediments in seamarsh. The Lower Triassic Kuanglu Formation, which exhibits the structure unconformable contact with the overlying Upper Permian strata, is characterized by terrigenous clastic rocks in the lower area and is carbonate rocks in the upwarding area and the Middle Triassic Kuangnan Formation. The Upper Triassic Xiachaka Formation consisting of terrigenous clastic rocks, carbonates rocks and mixed sediments, is confined to the uplift zones. The lower Jurassic volcanic rocks are deposited in continental rift. The middle and Upper Jurassic Yangshiping Group are conformable contact and assembled by the gypsum\|bearing terrigenous clastic rock formations and carbonate rock formation. The Middle Cretaceous and the Paleocene strata is built up of the terrigenous clastic rock formations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.T2342011,32025021,and T2222021).
文摘"Boundarics in Biomedicine"is a cutting-edge interdisciplinary discipline,which is of great significance for understanding the origin of life,the interaction between internal and external environments,and the mechanism of disease occurrence and evolution.Here,the definition of Boundarics in Biomedicine is first described,including its connotation,research object,research method,challenges,and future perspectives."Boundarics in Biomedicine"is a cutting-edge interdisciplinary discipline involving multiple fields(e.g.,bioscience,medicine,chemistry,materials science,and information science)dedicated to investigating and solving key scientific questions in the formation,identification,and evolution of living organism boundaries.Specifically,it encompasses 3 levels:(a)the boundary between the living organism and the external environment,(b)internal boundary within living organism,and(c)the boundary related to disease in living organism.The advancement of research in Boundarics in Biomedicine is of great scientific significance for understanding the origin of life,the interaction between internal and external environments,and the mechanism of disease occurrence and evolution,thus providing novel principles,technologies,and methods for early diagnosis and prevention of major diseases,personalized drug development,and prognosis assessment(Fig.1).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32025021,T2222021,T2342011,31971292,32011530115)the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC2415700)+2 种基金the Science&Technology Bureau of Ningbo City(2020Z094,2021Z072)F.Y.thanks the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences(2022301)“Innovation Yongjiang 2035”Key R&D Programme of Ningbo(2024Z217).
文摘Accurate mapping of boundarics in biomedicine is crucial for improving early diagnosis,crafting individualized medical regimens,and evaluating therapeutic efficacy.Magnetic nanomaterials have attracted considerable attention in the diagnosis and treatment of disease lesions,due to their unique physicochemical properties(e.g.,magnetically responsive performance and superparamagnetism).In recent years,the application of magnetic nanoparticles in disease imaging has advanced rapidly,showing significant advantages in the detection of tumors and other major diseases.Leveraging their strong magnetic properties,magnetic nanoparticles not only enable high-precision real-time detection of lesions but also possess potential for long-term monitoring.In this article,key aspects of magnetic nanomaterials applied for boundarics in biomedicine are discussed,including controllable material preparation,material performance optimization,and lesion boundary imaging.Furthermore,the prevailing strategies for magnetic nanomaterials and their successful implementation in multimodal imaging techniques are summarized,with particular emphasis on their significance in defining the boundaries of tumors and other major diseases.Ultimately,the challenges that persist in boundarics in biomedicine and the corresponding approaches are presented,providing insights to advance boundary imaging techniques.
文摘Beyond graphene, two-dimensional （2D） transition metal dichalcogenides （TMDs） have attracted significant attention owing to their potential in next-generation nanoelectronics and optoelectronics. Nevertheless, grain boundaries are ubiquitous in large-area as-grown TMD materials and would significantly affect their band structure, electrical transport, and optical properties. Therefore, the characterization of grain boundaries is essential for engineering the properties and optimizing the growth in TMD materials. Although the existence of boundaries can be measured using scanning tunneling microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, or nonlinear optical microscop~ a universal, convenient, and accurate method to detect boundaries with a twist angle over a large scale is still lacking. Herein, we report a high-throughput method using mild hot H20 etching to visualize grain boundaries of TMDs under an optical microscope, while ensuring that the method is nearly noninvasive to grain domains. This technique utilizes the reactivity difference between stable grain domains and defective grain boundaries and the mild etching capacity of hot water vapor. As grain boundaries of two domains with twist angles have defective lines, this method enables to visualize all types of grain boundaries unambiguously. Moreover, the characterization is based on an optical microscope and therefore naturally of a large scale. We further demonstrate the successful application of this method to other TMD materials such as MoS2 and WSe2. Our technique facilitates the large-area characterization of grain boundaries and will accelerate the controllable growth of large single-crystal TMDs.
基金supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2022A1515220040,2023A1515220021,and 2024A1515012353)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M741370)+2 种基金the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.52005217)the University Re-search Platform and Research Projects of Guangdong Education De-partment(No.2022ZDZX3003)The first-principles research is also supported by the Dongguan AIPU Technology Company Limited.
文摘Body-centered cubic Ti-Zr-Nb-Ta-Mo multi-principal element alloys(MPEAs),boasting a yield strength ex-ceeding one gigapascal,emerge as promising candidates for demanding structural applications.However,their limited tensile ductility at room temperature presents a significant challenge to their processability and large-scale implementation.This study identifies phase decomposition as a critical factor influencing the plasticity of these alloys.The microscale phase decomposition in these MPEAs during solidification,driven by miscibility gaps,manifests as dendritic structures within grains.Closer examination reveals that the MPEAs with a pronounced thermodynamic propensity for phase decomposition are also suscep-tible to analogous phenomena at the atomic level.The atomic phase decomposition is characterized by the localized aggregation of some elements across nanometric domains,culminating in the establishment of short-range orderings(SROs).It is observed that phase decomposition for these MPEAs,occurring at both microscale and atomic scale,adheres to thermodynamic principles and can be predicted using the CALPHAD approach.The impact of phase decomposition on the plasticity of MPEAs fundamentally stems from the induced heterogeneities at three distinct levels:(1)Fluctuations in mechanical properties at the micron scale;(2)Variations in the strain field at the atomic scale;(3)Bond polarization and bond index fluctuations at the electronic scale.Consequently,the key to designing high-strength and high-plasticity MPEAs lies in maximizing lattice distortion while simultaneously minimizing the adverse effects of phase decomposition on the alloy’s plasticity(grain boundary cohesion).This research not only clarifies the mechanisms underpinning the ductile-to-brittle transition in high-strength Ti-Zr-Nb-Ta-Mo MPEAs but also offers crucial guidelines for developing advanced,high-performance alloys.
