Nowadays, Global Positioning Systems (GPS) receivers are used for outdoor navigation, which are the part of recent smartphones and tablet devices. However, GPS is not suitable for indoor navigations due to its signal ...Nowadays, Global Positioning Systems (GPS) receivers are used for outdoor navigation, which are the part of recent smartphones and tablet devices. However, GPS is not suitable for indoor navigations due to its signal limitations which are blocked by ceiling and walls. Indoor navigation can be achieved through a mobile phone using a recent technology that utilizes Bluetooth, namely beacons. Beacons are small transmitters, run on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology, used as a point of reference for mobile devices and they can detect a Bluetooth enabled device once it enters its transmission range. In this paper, we present BeaLib: a beacon assisted indoor navigation technique for smart libraries. The proposed indoor navigation technique can also be used for other applications such as offices, retails, airports, hospitality, and education. For experimentation, beacons are placed in a library and a Bluetooth enabled smartphone is used to install a digital library application (App) which communicates with the beacons. The result shows that when the smartphone comes in the range of a beacon, it shows the information related to the book on the smartphone screen.展开更多
The localization of persons or objects usually refers to a position determined in a spatial reference system.Outdoors,this is usually accomplished with Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS).However,the automatic p...The localization of persons or objects usually refers to a position determined in a spatial reference system.Outdoors,this is usually accomplished with Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS).However,the automatic positioning of people in GNSS-free environments,especially inside of buildings(indoors)poses a huge challenge.Indoors,satellite signals are attenuated,shielded or reflected by building components(e.g.walls or ceilings).For selected applications,the automatic indoor positioning is possible based on different technologies(e.g.WiFi,RFID,or UWB).However,a standard solution is still not available.Many indoor positioning systems are only suitable for specific applications or are deployed under certain conditions,e.g.additional infrastructures or sensor technologies.Smartphones,as popular cost-effective multi-sensor systems,is a promising indoor localization platform for the mass-market and is increasingly coming into focus.Today’s devices are equipped with a variety of sensors that can be used for indoor positioning.In this contribution,an approach to smartphone-based pedestrian indoor localization is presented.The novelty of this approach refers to a holistic,real-time pedestrian localization inside of buildings based on multisensor smartphones and easy-to-install local positioning systems.For this purpose,the barometric altitude is estimated in order to derive the floor on which the user is located.The 2D position is determined subsequently using the principle of pedestrian dead reckoning based on user's movements extracted from the smartphone sensors.In order to minimize the strong error accumulation in the localization caused by various sensor errors,additional information is integrated into the position estimation.The building model is used to identify permissible(e.g.rooms,passageways)and impermissible(e.g.walls)building areas for the pedestrian.Several technologies contributing to higher precision and robustness are also included.For the fusion of different linear and non-linear data,an advanced algorithm based on the Sequential Monte Carlo method is presented.展开更多
文摘Nowadays, Global Positioning Systems (GPS) receivers are used for outdoor navigation, which are the part of recent smartphones and tablet devices. However, GPS is not suitable for indoor navigations due to its signal limitations which are blocked by ceiling and walls. Indoor navigation can be achieved through a mobile phone using a recent technology that utilizes Bluetooth, namely beacons. Beacons are small transmitters, run on Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) technology, used as a point of reference for mobile devices and they can detect a Bluetooth enabled device once it enters its transmission range. In this paper, we present BeaLib: a beacon assisted indoor navigation technique for smart libraries. The proposed indoor navigation technique can also be used for other applications such as offices, retails, airports, hospitality, and education. For experimentation, beacons are placed in a library and a Bluetooth enabled smartphone is used to install a digital library application (App) which communicates with the beacons. The result shows that when the smartphone comes in the range of a beacon, it shows the information related to the book on the smartphone screen.
文摘The localization of persons or objects usually refers to a position determined in a spatial reference system.Outdoors,this is usually accomplished with Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSS).However,the automatic positioning of people in GNSS-free environments,especially inside of buildings(indoors)poses a huge challenge.Indoors,satellite signals are attenuated,shielded or reflected by building components(e.g.walls or ceilings).For selected applications,the automatic indoor positioning is possible based on different technologies(e.g.WiFi,RFID,or UWB).However,a standard solution is still not available.Many indoor positioning systems are only suitable for specific applications or are deployed under certain conditions,e.g.additional infrastructures or sensor technologies.Smartphones,as popular cost-effective multi-sensor systems,is a promising indoor localization platform for the mass-market and is increasingly coming into focus.Today’s devices are equipped with a variety of sensors that can be used for indoor positioning.In this contribution,an approach to smartphone-based pedestrian indoor localization is presented.The novelty of this approach refers to a holistic,real-time pedestrian localization inside of buildings based on multisensor smartphones and easy-to-install local positioning systems.For this purpose,the barometric altitude is estimated in order to derive the floor on which the user is located.The 2D position is determined subsequently using the principle of pedestrian dead reckoning based on user's movements extracted from the smartphone sensors.In order to minimize the strong error accumulation in the localization caused by various sensor errors,additional information is integrated into the position estimation.The building model is used to identify permissible(e.g.rooms,passageways)and impermissible(e.g.walls)building areas for the pedestrian.Several technologies contributing to higher precision and robustness are also included.For the fusion of different linear and non-linear data,an advanced algorithm based on the Sequential Monte Carlo method is presented.
