The effects of the severity and timing of leaf removal(LR)on the amino acids of Sauvignon Blanc grapes and wines were studied during the 2017 growing season.High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to anal...The effects of the severity and timing of leaf removal(LR)on the amino acids of Sauvignon Blanc grapes and wines were studied during the 2017 growing season.High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to analyze the amino acids profiles of grape berries and wines.The basal leaves were removed at three time points(40,56 and 72 days after flowering,named LR40,LR56 and LR72,respectively)at two severity levels(one at which the first,third,and fifth basal leaves of each shoot were removed(50%level);and another at which the first six basal leaves were removed(100%level)).The results showed that leaf removal had little impact on total soluble solids(°Brix),titratable acidity,pH or berry weight.The LR72-50%treated grapes had higher berry weight,titratable acidity and°Brix than those of the other treatments.The highest concentrations of total amino acids and of total amino acids except proline were detected in LR72-50%treated grapes(2 952.58 and 2 764.36 mg L^-1,respectively);the lowest were detected in LR72-100%treated grapes(2 172.82 and 2 038.71 mg L^-1,respectively).LR72-50%treatment significantly promoted the synthesis of aspartic acid,serine,arginine,alanine,aminobutyric acid and proline at both severity levels for grapes,the concentrations of all of these amino acids were increased relative to the control concentrations.The LR72-50%,LR40-100%and LR72-100%treated wines had higher total amino acids concentrations and higher concentrations of some individual amino acids,such as arginine,alanine and serine,than did the control wines.Of all the amino acids studied,glycine,tyrosine,cysteine,methionine and lysine were not significantly influenced by the timing or severity basal defoliation in grapes and wines.The present study reveals the effects of the timing and severity of leaf removal on the amino acids profiles of grapes and wines.展开更多
Ionic liquids have been used as catalysts for Blanc reaction of toluene. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and dosage of the ionic liquid catalyst have been investigated, and the catalytic performance...Ionic liquids have been used as catalysts for Blanc reaction of toluene. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and dosage of the ionic liquid catalyst have been investigated, and the catalytic performance of different ionic liquid catalysts for toluene chloromethylation was also studied. The reaction was found to proceed under mild conditions with excellent conversion （up to 90%） in the absence of Lewis acids. The ionic liquids could be recycled and reused without loss of their catalytic activities.展开更多
[Objectives] The contents of seven components( gallinic acid,epicatechin,catechin,ferulic acid,chlorogenic acid,rutin,and caffeic acid) in Vidal blanc grape were determined. [Methods]The L9( 34) orthogonal design meth...[Objectives] The contents of seven components( gallinic acid,epicatechin,catechin,ferulic acid,chlorogenic acid,rutin,and caffeic acid) in Vidal blanc grape were determined. [Methods]The L9( 34) orthogonal design method was used to optimize the extraction process. High performance liquid chromatography( HPLC) was used to determine gallic acid,epicatechin,catechin,ferulic acid,chlorogenic acid,rutin and caffeic acid in Vidal blanc grape. [Results]The contents of gallic acid,epicatechin,catechin,ferulic acid,chlorogenic acid,rutin and caffeic acid in Vidal blanc grape were 155 1 μg/g,20. 55 mg/g,77. 11 mg/g,0. 738 8,0. 910 0,164. 5 and 175. 8 μg/g,respectively. [Conclusions] HPLC method for the determination of the contents of seven components in the Vidal blanc grape can better control the quality of the variety.展开更多
Mont Blanc is one of the natural poems created by Percy Bysshe Shelley.It mainly examines the relationship between the human mind and the universe through the description of the natural world.In this poem,the natural ...Mont Blanc is one of the natural poems created by Percy Bysshe Shelley.It mainly examines the relationship between the human mind and the universe through the description of the natural world.In this poem,the natural consciousness,moral thoughts and artistic techniques with Shelley’s unique characteristics are well reflected.Based on this,this paper aims to analyze the ecolog?ical consciousness,moral consciousness and symbolistic consciousness inMont Blanc.When analyzing the poem,this paper will discuss the content ofMont Blanc with the basic theories of these three kinds of con?sciousnesses and explore the poem’s deep meanings so that this paper can enrich the study ofMont Blanc and readers can better understand this poem.展开更多
又一波瑞典时尚将撞击上海。这一次,以部落文化为题材,以"异域欣快"为名的Noir&Blanc(娜衣)时装秀,是一场与Jazz du Funk舞团联手的跨界演出,在时尚与现代舞艺术中自由来去。Noir&Blanc的两位女性设计师Petra Thoms(...又一波瑞典时尚将撞击上海。这一次,以部落文化为题材,以"异域欣快"为名的Noir&Blanc(娜衣)时装秀,是一场与Jazz du Funk舞团联手的跨界演出,在时尚与现代舞艺术中自由来去。Noir&Blanc的两位女性设计师Petra Thoms(沛茶)和Linnea Carlgren(琳娜),与Jazz du Funk的舞者们重新定义传统秀场的秀演形式,只为给中国观众们带来难忘今宵。2011年4月9日在800秀,体验"异域欣快"与"展开更多
2008年4月9日,万宝龙于日内瓦高级钟表珠宝展期间举行盛大晚会,庆祝品牌旗下首款自制计时码表——万宝龙明星尼古拉斯·凯世单按钮计时码表(Montblanc Star Nicolas Rieussec Monopusher Chronograph)、以及首款原厂自制计时机芯隆...2008年4月9日,万宝龙于日内瓦高级钟表珠宝展期间举行盛大晚会,庆祝品牌旗下首款自制计时码表——万宝龙明星尼古拉斯·凯世单按钮计时码表(Montblanc Star Nicolas Rieussec Monopusher Chronograph)、以及首款原厂自制计时机芯隆重面世。为庆贸品牌发展的新里程。展开更多
基金supported by the Key Laboratory of Viticulture and Enology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinathe earmarked fund for China Agriculture Research System for Grape Industry (CARS-29-zp-6)
文摘The effects of the severity and timing of leaf removal(LR)on the amino acids of Sauvignon Blanc grapes and wines were studied during the 2017 growing season.High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to analyze the amino acids profiles of grape berries and wines.The basal leaves were removed at three time points(40,56 and 72 days after flowering,named LR40,LR56 and LR72,respectively)at two severity levels(one at which the first,third,and fifth basal leaves of each shoot were removed(50%level);and another at which the first six basal leaves were removed(100%level)).The results showed that leaf removal had little impact on total soluble solids(°Brix),titratable acidity,pH or berry weight.The LR72-50%treated grapes had higher berry weight,titratable acidity and°Brix than those of the other treatments.The highest concentrations of total amino acids and of total amino acids except proline were detected in LR72-50%treated grapes(2 952.58 and 2 764.36 mg L^-1,respectively);the lowest were detected in LR72-100%treated grapes(2 172.82 and 2 038.71 mg L^-1,respectively).LR72-50%treatment significantly promoted the synthesis of aspartic acid,serine,arginine,alanine,aminobutyric acid and proline at both severity levels for grapes,the concentrations of all of these amino acids were increased relative to the control concentrations.The LR72-50%,LR40-100%and LR72-100%treated wines had higher total amino acids concentrations and higher concentrations of some individual amino acids,such as arginine,alanine and serine,than did the control wines.Of all the amino acids studied,glycine,tyrosine,cysteine,methionine and lysine were not significantly influenced by the timing or severity basal defoliation in grapes and wines.The present study reveals the effects of the timing and severity of leaf removal on the amino acids profiles of grapes and wines.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20376015）, the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province （32491） and Guangzhou Project of Science ＆ Technology （2004J1-C0151）.
文摘Ionic liquids have been used as catalysts for Blanc reaction of toluene. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and dosage of the ionic liquid catalyst have been investigated, and the catalytic performance of different ionic liquid catalysts for toluene chloromethylation was also studied. The reaction was found to proceed under mild conditions with excellent conversion （up to 90%） in the absence of Lewis acids. The ionic liquids could be recycled and reused without loss of their catalytic activities.
基金Supported by College Students'Practice Innovation Training Program of Liaoning Province(201811430070)Scientific Research Project of Liaoning Education Department(L2017lkyfwdf-05)Project of Liaoning Science and Technology Department(2016003003,20180551223)
文摘[Objectives] The contents of seven components( gallinic acid,epicatechin,catechin,ferulic acid,chlorogenic acid,rutin,and caffeic acid) in Vidal blanc grape were determined. [Methods]The L9( 34) orthogonal design method was used to optimize the extraction process. High performance liquid chromatography( HPLC) was used to determine gallic acid,epicatechin,catechin,ferulic acid,chlorogenic acid,rutin and caffeic acid in Vidal blanc grape. [Results]The contents of gallic acid,epicatechin,catechin,ferulic acid,chlorogenic acid,rutin and caffeic acid in Vidal blanc grape were 155 1 μg/g,20. 55 mg/g,77. 11 mg/g,0. 738 8,0. 910 0,164. 5 and 175. 8 μg/g,respectively. [Conclusions] HPLC method for the determination of the contents of seven components in the Vidal blanc grape can better control the quality of the variety.
文摘Mont Blanc is one of the natural poems created by Percy Bysshe Shelley.It mainly examines the relationship between the human mind and the universe through the description of the natural world.In this poem,the natural consciousness,moral thoughts and artistic techniques with Shelley’s unique characteristics are well reflected.Based on this,this paper aims to analyze the ecolog?ical consciousness,moral consciousness and symbolistic consciousness inMont Blanc.When analyzing the poem,this paper will discuss the content ofMont Blanc with the basic theories of these three kinds of con?sciousnesses and explore the poem’s deep meanings so that this paper can enrich the study ofMont Blanc and readers can better understand this poem.
文摘又一波瑞典时尚将撞击上海。这一次,以部落文化为题材,以"异域欣快"为名的Noir&Blanc(娜衣)时装秀,是一场与Jazz du Funk舞团联手的跨界演出,在时尚与现代舞艺术中自由来去。Noir&Blanc的两位女性设计师Petra Thoms(沛茶)和Linnea Carlgren(琳娜),与Jazz du Funk的舞者们重新定义传统秀场的秀演形式,只为给中国观众们带来难忘今宵。2011年4月9日在800秀,体验"异域欣快"与"
文摘2008年4月9日,万宝龙于日内瓦高级钟表珠宝展期间举行盛大晚会,庆祝品牌旗下首款自制计时码表——万宝龙明星尼古拉斯·凯世单按钮计时码表(Montblanc Star Nicolas Rieussec Monopusher Chronograph)、以及首款原厂自制计时机芯隆重面世。为庆贸品牌发展的新里程。
