Many labdane-related diterpenoids(LRDs)exhibit high values in drug development.Their diversity in structure and bioactivity,to a large extent,arise from oxidative modifications which are mainly catalyzed by cytochrome...Many labdane-related diterpenoids(LRDs)exhibit high values in drug development.Their diversity in structure and bioactivity,to a large extent,arise from oxidative modifications which are mainly catalyzed by cytochrome P450s(CYPs).The medicinal plant Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.is rich in LRDs with distinct scaffolds.Herein,we characterized three cytochrome P450s involved in LRD biosynthesis from this plant.Notably,CYP71D450 and CYP701A148 are two substrate-promiscuity CYPs.The former is the first example of CYPs which can oxidize C-3 of ent-atisane skeleton and ent-isopimara-7(8),15-diene,and the latter is the first example of CYPs which can oxidize C-19 of ent-abietane and ent-pimarane skeletons.This study expands the toolkit for bioproduction of diverse LRDs.展开更多
Transesterification is the most common production process for biodiesel. From this reaction, a glycerin phase is produced that is impure, thus lowering market value. However, because it is rich in carbon, it is an alt...Transesterification is the most common production process for biodiesel. From this reaction, a glycerin phase is produced that is impure, thus lowering market value. However, because it is rich in carbon, it is an alternative for generating bioproducts with a higher added value through bioconversion by microorganisms. The aim of this study was to screen parameters, such as pH （4, 5, 6, 7 and 8） and the initial glycerol concentration at 30 ± ℃ with agitation at 150 rpm for bioemulsifier and lipid synthesis in a submerged medium by Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50678 from crude glycerin. The best conditions for bioemulsifier production were 30 ± ℃ at pH： 6 with 50 g/L of initial substrate, which produced 2.7 g/L of lipids, from which the optimum 300.5 mg/L of triglycerides was produced over 48 h of microorganism growth.展开更多
Progeny studies of Jatropha curcas and Pongamia pinnata were carried with respect to bioproductivity,pod and seed characters which is one of the selection methods in tree improvement programmes. Variations in bioprodu...Progeny studies of Jatropha curcas and Pongamia pinnata were carried with respect to bioproductivity,pod and seed characters which is one of the selection methods in tree improvement programmes. Variations in bioproductivity and biodiesel parameters of both the plants were compared every 6 months for 4 years of investigation and analyzed by analysis of variance and correlation coefficient by Pearson＇s method using software Graphpad instat 3.06（for Windows and Mac）. P. pinnata has better germination rate（71.4 %）, 100 pod weight（PW）（311.59 g） and 100 seed weight（SW）（173.46 g） as compared to J. curcas for germination rate（43.2 %）, 100 PW（111.29 g） and 100 SW（67.46 g）. P. pinnata has strong correlation for plant height to canopy growth（CG）（0.948）, collar diameter（CD）（0.994）, number of branches per plant（NBP）（0.995） and to number of leaves per branch（NLB）（0.862） as compared to J.curcas which showed good correlation among plant height to CG（0.976）, CD（0.970）, NBP（0.988）, NLB（0.920） and to number of pods per branch（0.657）. However, J. curcas depicted negative correlation for pod breadth to seed length（SL）（-0.447）, seed breadth（-0.248） and to seed thickness（ST）（-0.364） and among the 100 PW to SL（-0.199）, ST（-0.220） and to 100 SW（-0.704）. About 4 kg of P. pinnata seeds were required for each liter of crude oil which yields896 ml of biodiesel on transesterification as compared to5.66 kg of J. curcas seeds for a liter of crude oil, producing about 663 ml of biodiesel. The quality of biodiesel meets the major specification of American Society for Testing and Materials（ASTM） standards for biodiesel. The crude glycerin and seed cake obtained as byproduct during biodiesel production were also measured which can be purified and used in composting, animal feeds, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic industries.展开更多
In the present article we study the production of grape molasses. Data drawn from a specified biolaboratory, are properly analyzed in order to detect factors that affect significantly the Brix value and the volatile a...In the present article we study the production of grape molasses. Data drawn from a specified biolaboratory, are properly analyzed in order to detect factors that affect significantly the Brix value and the volatile acidity of the final product. The ground that is used for planting and a variety of grapes have been taken into account. Off-line statistical quality control techniques have been employed and the outcomes are displayed and discussed in detail.展开更多
Butyric acid as a renewable resource has become an increasingly attractive alternative to petroleum based fuels.Clostridium tyrobutyricum is well documented as a fermentation strain for the production of acids. Howeve...Butyric acid as a renewable resource has become an increasingly attractive alternative to petroleum based fuels.Clostridium tyrobutyricum is well documented as a fermentation strain for the production of acids. However, it hasbeen reported that butyrate inhibits its growth, and the accumulation of acetate also inhibits biomass synthesis,making production of butyric acid from conventional fermentation processes economically challenging. The presentstudy aimed to identify whether irradiation of C. tyrobutyricum cells makes them more tolerant to butyric acidinhibition and increases the production of butyrate compared with wild type.展开更多
In this study,the sequential extraction of the three types of biochemicals from microalgae is employed,which is a more realistic and practical solution for large-scale extraction of bioproducts.The drying,grinding,org...In this study,the sequential extraction of the three types of biochemicals from microalgae is employed,which is a more realistic and practical solution for large-scale extraction of bioproducts.The drying,grinding,organic solvent treatment,and ultra-sonication were combined to disrupt cells and sequentially extract bioproducts from three microalgae strains,Chlorella sorokiniana IG-W-96,Chlorella sp.PG-96,and Chlorella vulgaris IG-R-96.As the drying is the most energy-intensive step in cell disruption and sequential extraction,the effect of this step on sequential extraction deeply explored.The results show that total ash-plus contents of biochemicals in freeze-dried samples(95.4±2.8%,89.3±3.9%,and 77.5±4.2 respectively)are higher than those in oven-dried samples(91.0±2.8%,89.5±3.0%,71.4±4.8%,respectively)showing the superiority of freeze drying over oven drying merely for Chlorella vulgaris IG-R-96(p-value=0.003)and non-significant variation for Chlorella sorokiniana IG-W-96(p-value=0.085)and Chlorella sp.PG-96(p-value=0.466).Variation among biochemical contents of strains is due to the difference in cell wall strength confirmed by TEM imaging.The freeze-dried samples achieved higher lipid yields than oven-dried samples.The total carbohydrate yields followed the same pattern.The extraction yields of total protein were higher in freeze-dried samples than in oven-dried.Total mass balance revealed that drying-based sequential extraction of value-added bioproducts could better demonstrate the economic potential of sustainable and renewable algal feedstock than independent assays for each biochemical.展开更多
The main male hormone,testosterone is obtained from cheap and readily available phytosterol using the strains of Mycolicibacterium neoaurumVKM Ac-1815D,or Ac-1816D.During the first“oxidative”stage,phytosterol(5–10 ...The main male hormone,testosterone is obtained from cheap and readily available phytosterol using the strains of Mycolicibacterium neoaurumVKM Ac-1815D,or Ac-1816D.During the first“oxidative”stage,phytosterol(5–10 g/L)was aerobically converted by Ac-1815D,or Ac-1816D to form 17-ketoandrostanes:androstenedione,or androstadienedione,respectively.At the same bioreactor,the 17-ketoandrostanes were further transformed to testosterone due to the presence of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in the strains(“reductive”mode).The conditions favorable for“oxidative”and“reductive”stages have been revealed to increase the final testosterone yield.Glucose supplement and microaerophilic conditions during the“reductive”mode ensured increased testosterone production by mycolicibacteria cells.Both strains effectively produced testosterone from phytosterol,but highest ever reported testosterone yield was achieved using M.neoaurumVKM Ac-1815D:4.59 g/l testosterone was reached from 10 g/l phytosterol thus corresponding to the molar yield of over 66%.The results contribute to the knowledge on phytosterol bioconversion by mycolicibacteria,and are of significance for one-pot testosterone bioproduction from phytosterol bypassing the intermediate isolation of the 17-ketoandrostanes.展开更多
Beyond its importance in diatom studies,the marine model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum has emerged as a versatile photosynthetic chassis for sustainable bioproduction,enabling the production of both native bioactiv...Beyond its importance in diatom studies,the marine model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum has emerged as a versatile photosynthetic chassis for sustainable bioproduction,enabling the production of both native bioactive metabolites and engineered heterologous compounds through synthetic biology.Over the past three decades,transformative advances in the development of genetic tools,including transgenic element optimization,CRISPR–Cas genome editing,and high-efficiency transformation systems,have enabled the engineering of strains for increased fucoxanthin,fatty acid,and triacylglycerol yields and the successful synthesis of diverse heterologous products,from terpenoids and therapeutic peptides to sustainable materials.At the same time,advances in molecular toolkits have refined chassis optimization by revealing the fundamental biological mechanisms underlying nutrient uptake,environmental stress adaptation,stimulus perception,and cell development.Despite this progress,critical challenges persist,particularly suboptimal product yields,biomass limitations,and prohibitive production costs,which hinder industrial translation.In this review,we examine emerging strategies,such as chloroplastic gene expression,DNA site-specific integration,and trophic alteration,that show promise for species improvement;we also address other scale-up considerations,including cultivation strategies,techno-economic analysis,and regulatory policies.Integrated efforts could accelerate the transition of P.tricornutum from a model diatom to a scalable,eco-friendly biomanufacturing platform.展开更多
It has now passed more than forty years since solid-state fermentation(SSF)research developments have gained importance for the scientific community.After so many years,numerous processes and equipment for SSF were st...It has now passed more than forty years since solid-state fermentation(SSF)research developments have gained importance for the scientific community.After so many years,numerous processes and equipment for SSF were studied and designed focusing on the production of different commercially relevant bioproducts such as enzymes,fermented food,such as Chinese daqu and koji,organic acids,pigments,phenolic compounds,aromas,biosorbents and so many others.However,no review paper has been focused yet specifically on agricultural and animal feed bioproducts obtained through SSF techniques.This review comprises the description of agricultural sub-products that have been employed in most important developed pro-cesses concerning the production of animal feed products and agricultural products such as spores,probiotics,biofungicides,bioinsecticides and other biopesticides,biofertilizers and plant growth hormones.Major designed SSF bioreactors are also described and the most important related cases of successful employment of the technique are reported.Finally,a summary of patents and innovations regarding SSF products and processes in this area is presented,showing that the main involved countries are China,South Korea,India and the USA.It is clear that the interest in this theme is increasing and that scientific and technological developments are still needed.展开更多
Lignin fractionation and depolymerization generates heterogeneous streams of aromatic compounds and conversion of aromatic compounds into valuable products,but it is not efficient.Many microbes in nature have evolved ...Lignin fractionation and depolymerization generates heterogeneous streams of aromatic compounds and conversion of aromatic compounds into valuable products,but it is not efficient.Many microbes in nature have evolved metabolic path-ways to convert complex lignin polymers into aromatic compounds and transform these aromatic compounds into central intermediates for bioproduct synthesis.The objective of this paper is to review the recent process development of lignin bioconversion into aromatic compounds and bioproducts.Lignin structural and molecular changes during fractionation and depolymerization are presented.Subsequent lignin conversion into aromatic compounds by upper pathways and further converted into central metabolites and bioproducts via lower pathways are emphasized.In particular,enzymes and mediator systems to enhance lignin conversion and key intermediates in lignin catabolic pathways are discussed.Strategies to enhance bioproduct formation through lignin valorization are summarized.展开更多
D-psicose exits in an extremely small amount in nature and is difficult to be chemically synthesized.Only three bacteria have been used in the biotransformation of D-psicose from D-fructose.In this paper,another bacte...D-psicose exits in an extremely small amount in nature and is difficult to be chemically synthesized.Only three bacteria have been used in the biotransformation of D-psicose from D-fructose.In this paper,another bacterium which could convert D-fructose to D-psicose was isolated and identified as Rhodobacter sphaeroides.The process parameters of D-psicose production using permeabilized cells of Rhodobacter sphaeroides SK011 were optimized,including the permeabilization procedure:0.1%(w/v)CTAB,10 min,and reaction conditions:cell concentration,30 g dry cell wt/L;concentration of substrate,50 g/L;40℃,pH 9.0;reaction time,8 h.Under the optimized conditions,the permeabilized cells produced approximately 6.5 g/L D-psicose with a Dpsicose productivity of 0.82 g·L^(-1)·h^(-1).This is the first report of bioproduction of D-psicose using permeabilized cells of Rhodobacter sphaeroides.展开更多
Algae are a large group of photo synthetic organisms responsible for approximately half of the earth’s total photosynthesis.In addition to their fundamental ecological roles as oxygen producers and as the food base f...Algae are a large group of photo synthetic organisms responsible for approximately half of the earth’s total photosynthesis.In addition to their fundamental ecological roles as oxygen producers and as the food base for almost all aquatic life,algae are also a rich source of bioactive natural products,including several clinical drugs.Cytochrome P450 enzymes(P450s) are a superfamily of biocatalysts that are extensively involved in natural product biosynthesis by mediating various types of reactions.In the post-genome era,a growing number of P450 genes have been discovered from algae,indicating their important roles in algal life-cycle.However,the functional studies of algal P450s remain limited.Benefitting from the recent technical advances in algae cultivation and genetic manipulation,the researches on P450s in algal natural product biosynthesis have been approaching to a new stage.Moreover,some photoauto trophic algae have been developed into "photo-bioreactors" for heterologous P450s to produce high-value added pharmaceuticals and chemicals in a carbon-neutral or carbon-negative manner.Here,we comprehensively review these advances of P450 studies in algae from 2000 to 2021.展开更多
(R-R)2,3-butanediol(BDO)is a chemical compound of significant medical value,and there is a desire to biologically produce high-purity(R-R)2,3-BDO instead of a mixture of various configurations.Acetoin,a key downstream...(R-R)2,3-butanediol(BDO)is a chemical compound of significant medical value,and there is a desire to biologically produce high-purity(R-R)2,3-BDO instead of a mixture of various configurations.Acetoin,a key downstream metabolite,gains attention for food industry applications.Simultaneous production through a single fermentation holds great potential,but the absence of a convenient and efficient separation strategy remains a source of disappointment.Here,we meticulously chose non-pathogenic Bacillus licheniformis as cell factories with specific genetic regulation on this metabolic pathway.Firstly,genome engineering was performed to attain 100%purity in the production of(R-R)2,3-BDO.Subsequently,by harnessing the inherent regulation of the glyoxylate cycle within the strain,a pioneering two-stage production strategy was developed.This strategy enables selective production of high-purity(R-R)2,3-BDO or acetoin based on production preferences,simply by terminating fermentation at the appropriate time.When using 80 g/L of glucose as the substrate,it is feasible to obtain 22.0 g/L of(R-R)2,3-BDO with 100%purity or 26.0 g/L of acetoin with 90.0%purity.In summary,this work presents an inspiring strategy that addresses dual production for a better product separation,which can serve as a source of inspiration for other cell factories in the field of biomanufacturing.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Nos.82474024,82293682(82293680),82073953]the Nonprofit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(No.2021-RC350-009)+1 种基金the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.2023-I2M-2-006)the Special Fund for the Construction of Qinghai Innovation Platform(No.2024-ZJ-T02)。
文摘Many labdane-related diterpenoids(LRDs)exhibit high values in drug development.Their diversity in structure and bioactivity,to a large extent,arise from oxidative modifications which are mainly catalyzed by cytochrome P450s(CYPs).The medicinal plant Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.is rich in LRDs with distinct scaffolds.Herein,we characterized three cytochrome P450s involved in LRD biosynthesis from this plant.Notably,CYP71D450 and CYP701A148 are two substrate-promiscuity CYPs.The former is the first example of CYPs which can oxidize C-3 of ent-atisane skeleton and ent-isopimara-7(8),15-diene,and the latter is the first example of CYPs which can oxidize C-19 of ent-abietane and ent-pimarane skeletons.This study expands the toolkit for bioproduction of diverse LRDs.
文摘Transesterification is the most common production process for biodiesel. From this reaction, a glycerin phase is produced that is impure, thus lowering market value. However, because it is rich in carbon, it is an alternative for generating bioproducts with a higher added value through bioconversion by microorganisms. The aim of this study was to screen parameters, such as pH （4, 5, 6, 7 and 8） and the initial glycerol concentration at 30 ± ℃ with agitation at 150 rpm for bioemulsifier and lipid synthesis in a submerged medium by Yarrowia lipolytica IMUFRJ 50678 from crude glycerin. The best conditions for bioemulsifier production were 30 ± ℃ at pH： 6 with 50 g/L of initial substrate, which produced 2.7 g/L of lipids, from which the optimum 300.5 mg/L of triglycerides was produced over 48 h of microorganism growth.
基金supported by the project UGC-MRP No.F.No.-39-258/2010(SF),UGC,Government of India,New Delhi
文摘Progeny studies of Jatropha curcas and Pongamia pinnata were carried with respect to bioproductivity,pod and seed characters which is one of the selection methods in tree improvement programmes. Variations in bioproductivity and biodiesel parameters of both the plants were compared every 6 months for 4 years of investigation and analyzed by analysis of variance and correlation coefficient by Pearson＇s method using software Graphpad instat 3.06（for Windows and Mac）. P. pinnata has better germination rate（71.4 %）, 100 pod weight（PW）（311.59 g） and 100 seed weight（SW）（173.46 g） as compared to J. curcas for germination rate（43.2 %）, 100 PW（111.29 g） and 100 SW（67.46 g）. P. pinnata has strong correlation for plant height to canopy growth（CG）（0.948）, collar diameter（CD）（0.994）, number of branches per plant（NBP）（0.995） and to number of leaves per branch（NLB）（0.862） as compared to J.curcas which showed good correlation among plant height to CG（0.976）, CD（0.970）, NBP（0.988）, NLB（0.920） and to number of pods per branch（0.657）. However, J. curcas depicted negative correlation for pod breadth to seed length（SL）（-0.447）, seed breadth（-0.248） and to seed thickness（ST）（-0.364） and among the 100 PW to SL（-0.199）, ST（-0.220） and to 100 SW（-0.704）. About 4 kg of P. pinnata seeds were required for each liter of crude oil which yields896 ml of biodiesel on transesterification as compared to5.66 kg of J. curcas seeds for a liter of crude oil, producing about 663 ml of biodiesel. The quality of biodiesel meets the major specification of American Society for Testing and Materials（ASTM） standards for biodiesel. The crude glycerin and seed cake obtained as byproduct during biodiesel production were also measured which can be purified and used in composting, animal feeds, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic industries.
文摘In the present article we study the production of grape molasses. Data drawn from a specified biolaboratory, are properly analyzed in order to detect factors that affect significantly the Brix value and the volatile acidity of the final product. The ground that is used for planting and a variety of grapes have been taken into account. Off-line statistical quality control techniques have been employed and the outcomes are displayed and discussed in detail.
文摘Butyric acid as a renewable resource has become an increasingly attractive alternative to petroleum based fuels.Clostridium tyrobutyricum is well documented as a fermentation strain for the production of acids. However, it hasbeen reported that butyrate inhibits its growth, and the accumulation of acetate also inhibits biomass synthesis,making production of butyric acid from conventional fermentation processes economically challenging. The presentstudy aimed to identify whether irradiation of C. tyrobutyricum cells makes them more tolerant to butyric acidinhibition and increases the production of butyrate compared with wild type.
基金financially supported by Ferdowsi University of Mashhad,Graduate Students Research Fund,Grant No.3/46418.
文摘In this study,the sequential extraction of the three types of biochemicals from microalgae is employed,which is a more realistic and practical solution for large-scale extraction of bioproducts.The drying,grinding,organic solvent treatment,and ultra-sonication were combined to disrupt cells and sequentially extract bioproducts from three microalgae strains,Chlorella sorokiniana IG-W-96,Chlorella sp.PG-96,and Chlorella vulgaris IG-R-96.As the drying is the most energy-intensive step in cell disruption and sequential extraction,the effect of this step on sequential extraction deeply explored.The results show that total ash-plus contents of biochemicals in freeze-dried samples(95.4±2.8%,89.3±3.9%,and 77.5±4.2 respectively)are higher than those in oven-dried samples(91.0±2.8%,89.5±3.0%,71.4±4.8%,respectively)showing the superiority of freeze drying over oven drying merely for Chlorella vulgaris IG-R-96(p-value=0.003)and non-significant variation for Chlorella sorokiniana IG-W-96(p-value=0.085)and Chlorella sp.PG-96(p-value=0.466).Variation among biochemical contents of strains is due to the difference in cell wall strength confirmed by TEM imaging.The freeze-dried samples achieved higher lipid yields than oven-dried samples.The total carbohydrate yields followed the same pattern.The extraction yields of total protein were higher in freeze-dried samples than in oven-dried.Total mass balance revealed that drying-based sequential extraction of value-added bioproducts could better demonstrate the economic potential of sustainable and renewable algal feedstock than independent assays for each biochemical.
基金supported by the Russian Science Foundation,Grant Number 21-64-00024.
文摘The main male hormone,testosterone is obtained from cheap and readily available phytosterol using the strains of Mycolicibacterium neoaurumVKM Ac-1815D,or Ac-1816D.During the first“oxidative”stage,phytosterol(5–10 g/L)was aerobically converted by Ac-1815D,or Ac-1816D to form 17-ketoandrostanes:androstenedione,or androstadienedione,respectively.At the same bioreactor,the 17-ketoandrostanes were further transformed to testosterone due to the presence of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in the strains(“reductive”mode).The conditions favorable for“oxidative”and“reductive”stages have been revealed to increase the final testosterone yield.Glucose supplement and microaerophilic conditions during the“reductive”mode ensured increased testosterone production by mycolicibacteria cells.Both strains effectively produced testosterone from phytosterol,but highest ever reported testosterone yield was achieved using M.neoaurumVKM Ac-1815D:4.59 g/l testosterone was reached from 10 g/l phytosterol thus corresponding to the molar yield of over 66%.The results contribute to the knowledge on phytosterol bioconversion by mycolicibacteria,and are of significance for one-pot testosterone bioproduction from phytosterol bypassing the intermediate isolation of the 17-ketoandrostanes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42406122 and 32273118)the Science and Technology Major Project of Guangxi(Guike AA24263042)+7 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515110870)the Zhishan Young Scholar Program(2242025RCB0034)funding from the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics(GPKLPE202416)Southeast University(4031002405)the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province of China(2020B121202014)the Guangdong Key R&D Project(2022B1111070005)the Shenzhen Special Fund for Sustainable Development(KCXFZ20211020164013021)the Shenzhen University 2035 Initiative(2022B010)awarded to Z.H.
文摘Beyond its importance in diatom studies,the marine model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum has emerged as a versatile photosynthetic chassis for sustainable bioproduction,enabling the production of both native bioactive metabolites and engineered heterologous compounds through synthetic biology.Over the past three decades,transformative advances in the development of genetic tools,including transgenic element optimization,CRISPR–Cas genome editing,and high-efficiency transformation systems,have enabled the engineering of strains for increased fucoxanthin,fatty acid,and triacylglycerol yields and the successful synthesis of diverse heterologous products,from terpenoids and therapeutic peptides to sustainable materials.At the same time,advances in molecular toolkits have refined chassis optimization by revealing the fundamental biological mechanisms underlying nutrient uptake,environmental stress adaptation,stimulus perception,and cell development.Despite this progress,critical challenges persist,particularly suboptimal product yields,biomass limitations,and prohibitive production costs,which hinder industrial translation.In this review,we examine emerging strategies,such as chloroplastic gene expression,DNA site-specific integration,and trophic alteration,that show promise for species improvement;we also address other scale-up considerations,including cultivation strategies,techno-economic analysis,and regulatory policies.Integrated efforts could accelerate the transition of P.tricornutum from a model diatom to a scalable,eco-friendly biomanufacturing platform.
基金This work was supported in part by Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brasil(CAPES)(Finance Code 001)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnologico-Brasil(CNPq)and internal funds of Federal University of Parana.
文摘It has now passed more than forty years since solid-state fermentation(SSF)research developments have gained importance for the scientific community.After so many years,numerous processes and equipment for SSF were studied and designed focusing on the production of different commercially relevant bioproducts such as enzymes,fermented food,such as Chinese daqu and koji,organic acids,pigments,phenolic compounds,aromas,biosorbents and so many others.However,no review paper has been focused yet specifically on agricultural and animal feed bioproducts obtained through SSF techniques.This review comprises the description of agricultural sub-products that have been employed in most important developed pro-cesses concerning the production of animal feed products and agricultural products such as spores,probiotics,biofungicides,bioinsecticides and other biopesticides,biofertilizers and plant growth hormones.Major designed SSF bioreactors are also described and the most important related cases of successful employment of the technique are reported.Finally,a summary of patents and innovations regarding SSF products and processes in this area is presented,showing that the main involved countries are China,South Korea,India and the USA.It is clear that the interest in this theme is increasing and that scientific and technological developments are still needed.
文摘Lignin fractionation and depolymerization generates heterogeneous streams of aromatic compounds and conversion of aromatic compounds into valuable products,but it is not efficient.Many microbes in nature have evolved metabolic path-ways to convert complex lignin polymers into aromatic compounds and transform these aromatic compounds into central intermediates for bioproduct synthesis.The objective of this paper is to review the recent process development of lignin bioconversion into aromatic compounds and bioproducts.Lignin structural and molecular changes during fractionation and depolymerization are presented.Subsequent lignin conversion into aromatic compounds by upper pathways and further converted into central metabolites and bioproducts via lower pathways are emphasized.In particular,enzymes and mediator systems to enhance lignin conversion and key intermediates in lignin catabolic pathways are discussed.Strategies to enhance bioproduct formation through lignin valorization are summarized.
基金supported financially by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2006AA10Z334)the Research Program of Sate Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,Jiangnan University(SKLF-MB-200804 and SKLF-TS-200805).
文摘D-psicose exits in an extremely small amount in nature and is difficult to be chemically synthesized.Only three bacteria have been used in the biotransformation of D-psicose from D-fructose.In this paper,another bacterium which could convert D-fructose to D-psicose was isolated and identified as Rhodobacter sphaeroides.The process parameters of D-psicose production using permeabilized cells of Rhodobacter sphaeroides SK011 were optimized,including the permeabilization procedure:0.1%(w/v)CTAB,10 min,and reaction conditions:cell concentration,30 g dry cell wt/L;concentration of substrate,50 g/L;40℃,pH 9.0;reaction time,8 h.Under the optimized conditions,the permeabilized cells produced approximately 6.5 g/L D-psicose with a Dpsicose productivity of 0.82 g·L^(-1)·h^(-1).This is the first report of bioproduction of D-psicose using permeabilized cells of Rhodobacter sphaeroides.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0907900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32000039,32025001,31972815 and 42176124)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2019ZD20,ZR2019ZD17 and ZR2020ZD23)the Fundamental Research Funds of Shandong University(2019GN031)the Scientific Research Fund of Binzhou Medical University(BY2021KYQD25)。
文摘Algae are a large group of photo synthetic organisms responsible for approximately half of the earth’s total photosynthesis.In addition to their fundamental ecological roles as oxygen producers and as the food base for almost all aquatic life,algae are also a rich source of bioactive natural products,including several clinical drugs.Cytochrome P450 enzymes(P450s) are a superfamily of biocatalysts that are extensively involved in natural product biosynthesis by mediating various types of reactions.In the post-genome era,a growing number of P450 genes have been discovered from algae,indicating their important roles in algal life-cycle.However,the functional studies of algal P450s remain limited.Benefitting from the recent technical advances in algae cultivation and genetic manipulation,the researches on P450s in algal natural product biosynthesis have been approaching to a new stage.Moreover,some photoauto trophic algae have been developed into "photo-bioreactors" for heterologous P450s to produce high-value added pharmaceuticals and chemicals in a carbon-neutral or carbon-negative manner.Here,we comprehensively review these advances of P450 studies in algae from 2000 to 2021.
基金funded by the National Key Research&Develop-ment Program of China(2020YFA0907700,2018YFA0900504 and 2018YFA0900300)the National Natural Foundation of China(32172174,31401674)the National First-Class Discipline Program of Light Industry Technology and Engineering(LITE2018-22).
文摘(R-R)2,3-butanediol(BDO)is a chemical compound of significant medical value,and there is a desire to biologically produce high-purity(R-R)2,3-BDO instead of a mixture of various configurations.Acetoin,a key downstream metabolite,gains attention for food industry applications.Simultaneous production through a single fermentation holds great potential,but the absence of a convenient and efficient separation strategy remains a source of disappointment.Here,we meticulously chose non-pathogenic Bacillus licheniformis as cell factories with specific genetic regulation on this metabolic pathway.Firstly,genome engineering was performed to attain 100%purity in the production of(R-R)2,3-BDO.Subsequently,by harnessing the inherent regulation of the glyoxylate cycle within the strain,a pioneering two-stage production strategy was developed.This strategy enables selective production of high-purity(R-R)2,3-BDO or acetoin based on production preferences,simply by terminating fermentation at the appropriate time.When using 80 g/L of glucose as the substrate,it is feasible to obtain 22.0 g/L of(R-R)2,3-BDO with 100%purity or 26.0 g/L of acetoin with 90.0%purity.In summary,this work presents an inspiring strategy that addresses dual production for a better product separation,which can serve as a source of inspiration for other cell factories in the field of biomanufacturing.
