With the increasing demand for water in hydroponic systems and agricultural irrigation,viral diseases have seriously affected the yield and quality of crops.By removing plant viruses in water environments,virus transm...With the increasing demand for water in hydroponic systems and agricultural irrigation,viral diseases have seriously affected the yield and quality of crops.By removing plant viruses in water environments,virus transmission can be prevented and agricultural production and ecosystems can be protected.But so far,there have been few reports on the removal of plant viruses in water environments.Herein,in this study,easily recyclable biomass-based carbon nanotubes catalysts were synthesized with varying metal activities to activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS).Among them,the magnetic 0.125Fe@NCNTs-1/PMS system showed the best overall removal performance against pepper mild mottle virus,with a 5.9 log_(10)removal within 1 min.Notably,the key reactive species in the 0.125Fe@NCNTs-1/PMS system is^(1)O_(2),which can maintain good removal effect in real water matrices(river water and tap water).Through RNA fragment analyses and label free analysis,it was found that this system could effectively cleave virus particles,destroy viral proteins and expose their genome.The capsid protein of pepper mild mottle virus was effectively decomposed where serine may be the main attacking sites by^(1)O_(2).Long viral RNA fragments(3349 and 1642 nt)were cut into smaller fragments(∼160 nt)and caused their degradation.In summary,this study contributes to controlling the spread of plant viruses in real water environment,which will potentially help protect agricultural production and food safety,and improve the health and sustainability of ecosystems.展开更多
Heavy metals usually exist stably as the species of organic complexes in high-salinity wastewater.Therefore,their effective removal is challenging,especially when the initial p H is neutral.Herein,a novel nitrogen dop...Heavy metals usually exist stably as the species of organic complexes in high-salinity wastewater.Therefore,their effective removal is challenging,especially when the initial p H is neutral.Herein,a novel nitrogen doped biomass-based composite(N-CMCS)was synthesized to remove the complexed heavy metal of Cr(Ⅲ)-carboxyl.The maximum adsorption capacity of Cr(Ⅲ)-Citrate(Cr-Cit)by N-CMCS under neutral p H(7.0)and high-salinity(200 mmol/L NaCl)condition was up to 2.50 mmol/g.And the removal performance remained stable after 6 times of regeneration.Combined with species and characterizations analysis,electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding were the main mechanisms for N-CMCS to remove Cr(Ⅲ)-carboxyl complexes.Dynamic adsorption indicated N-CMCS column could treat about 1300BV simulated wastewater and 350 BV actual wastewater with the concentration of effluent lower than1.0 mg/L.Furthermore,N-CMCS could remove a variety of complexed heavy metal ions under neutral p H,indicating the great potential in practical application.展开更多
CO_(2) utilization becomes a promising solution for reducing anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Biomass-based CO_(2) utilization (BCU) even has the potential to generate negative emissions, but the correspo...CO_(2) utilization becomes a promising solution for reducing anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Biomass-based CO_(2) utilization (BCU) even has the potential to generate negative emissions, but the corresponding quantitative evaluation is limited. Herein, the biomass-based CO_(2) utilization with an iron cycle (BCU-Fe) system, which converts CO_(2) into formate by Fe under hydrothermal conditions and recovers Fe with biomass-derived glycerin, was investigated. The GHG reduction potential under various process designs was quantified by a multidisciplinary method, including experiments, simulations, and an ex-ante life-cycle assessment. The results reveal that the BCU-Fe system could bring considerable GHG emission reduction. Significantly, the lowest value is −34.03 kg CO_(2)-eq/kg absorbed CO_(2) (−2.44 kg CO_(2)-eq/kg circulated Fe) with the optimal yield of formate (66%) and Fe (80%). The proposed ex-ante evaluation approach not only reveals the benefits of mitigating climate change by applying the BCU-Fe system, but also serves as a generic tool to guide the industrialization of emerging carbon-neutral technologies.展开更多
Interfacial solar steam generation(ISSG),involving the use of solar energy to evaporate water at the water-to-vapor interface,has presented prospects for the desalination and purification of water due to high energy c...Interfacial solar steam generation(ISSG),involving the use of solar energy to evaporate water at the water-to-vapor interface,has presented prospects for the desalination and purification of water due to high energy conversion efficiency and low-cost freshwater generation.Herein,inspired by the aligned nanostructure of plants for efficiently transporting nutrient ions,we optimally design and construct a biomass-based Janus architecture evaporator with an oriented nanostructure for ISSG,using the ice template method,followed by biomimetic mineralization with the resource-abundant and low-cost biomass of the carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium alginate as the raw materials.Taking advantage of the oriented nanostructure allowing efficient transportation of water and coordination capacity of sodium alginate for effective enrichment of heavy-metal ions,the biomass-based Janus architecture shows much lower thermal conductivity and an ultrahigh steam regeneration rate of 2.3 kg m−2 h−1,considerably surpassing those of previously reported oriented biomass-based evaporators.Moreover,the biomass precursor materials are used for this Janus evaporator,guaranteeing minimum impact on the water ecology and environment during the regeneration process of clean drinking water.This study presents an efficient,green,and sustainable pathway for ISSG to effectively achieve heavy-metal-free drinking water.展开更多
Dielectric films are critical components in the fabrication of capacitors. However, their reliance on petroleum-derived polymers presents significant environmental challenges. To address this issue, we report on a hig...Dielectric films are critical components in the fabrication of capacitors. However, their reliance on petroleum-derived polymers presents significant environmental challenges. To address this issue, we report on a high-performance biomass-based dielectric material derived from vanillin(VA), a renewable aromatic aldehyde. Vanillin was first esterified to synthesize vanillin methacrylate(VMA), which was then copolymerized with methyl methacrylate(MMA) via free-radical polymerization to yield P(VMA-MMA). By crosslinking the aldehyde groups in VMA with the amine groups in the polyether amine D400(PEA), we fabricated a series of P(VMA-MMA)@PEA dielectric films with precisely tunable crosslinking densities. The unique molecular structure of vanillin, featuring both a benzene ring and an ester group, facilitates strong δ-π interactions and dipolar polarization, synergistically enhancing energy storage density while minimizing dielectric loss. At an optimal P(VMA-MMA) ratio of 1:10and 80% theoretical crosslinking degree, the dielectric constant reaches 3.4 at 10^(-3 )Hz, while the breakdown strength reaches 670.2 MV/m. Furthermore, the film exhibits an energy storage density of 7.1 J/cm3at 500 MV/m while maintaining a charge-discharge efficiency exceeding 90%.This study demonstrates a green and reliable strategy for designing biomass-based dielectric materials and opens new avenues for the development of eco-friendly energy-storage technologies.展开更多
This study examines the development of loose-fill thermal insulation materials derived from annual plant residues,such as wheat straw,water reeds,and corn stalks,processed using the chemimechanical pulping(CMP)techniq...This study examines the development of loose-fill thermal insulation materials derived from annual plant residues,such as wheat straw,water reeds,and corn stalks,processed using the chemimechanical pulping(CMP)technique.The chopped plants were soda-cooked for 30 min,varying NaOH concentration(2%–8%on a dry basis of biomass),and mechanically refined using different disc types.The CMPprocess enhances the homogeneity and stability of defibratedmaterial,yielding improved insulation properties compared to untreated chopped rawmaterials.Chemical analysis revealed that CMP increases cellulose content and reduces lignin levels,enhancing water retention and vapor diffusion properties.Settlement tests confirmed that CMP materials are more resistant to compaction under vibration,maintaining long-term performance.Additionally,the CMP enables the production of lightweight materials that require less resource consumption while achieving comparable thermal insulation performance.The investigated biobased materials offer a sustainable alternative to conventional insulation,with competing thermal conductivity values(0.041-0.046 W/mK)at the settlement-resistant bulk density level of 60 kg/m^(3).The thermal conductivity of CMP materials remains minimally affected.However,the resulting fibers demonstrate significant advantages in stability and material efficiency.This highlights its suitability for loose-fill applications to improve the sustainability of the construction.Using renewable plant residues,CMP-based insulation materials align with circular economy principles and contribute to environmental sustainability.This research underscores the potential of CMP materials to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,optimize resource use,and promote eco-friendly building practices.展开更多
Developing an energy supply-chain based on renewable biomass holds great potential to build a low carbon society.High-energy-density(HED)jet fuel,featuring unique fused/strained cycloalkanes,is of great significance f...Developing an energy supply-chain based on renewable biomass holds great potential to build a low carbon society.High-energy-density(HED)jet fuel,featuring unique fused/strained cycloalkanes,is of great significance for volume-limited military aircrafts,as their high density and combustion heat can extend flight duration and increase the payload.Therefore,the exploration of biomass-based routes towards HED fuel has drawn much attention over the past decade.Cycloaddition reaction features rapid construction of various carbocycles in an atom-and step-economical fashion.This elegant strategy has been widely applied in the manufacture of sustainable HED fuel.Here we carefully summarize the progress achieved in this fascinating area and the review is categorized by the cycloaddition patterns including[4+2],[2+2],[4+4],and[2+1]cycloadditions.Besides,the energy densities of the as-prepared biofuels and petroleumbased fuels(conventional Jet-A and advanced JP-10)are also compared.This review will provide important insights into rational design of new HED fuel with different ring-types/sizes and inspire the chemists to turn those literature studies into practical applications in military field.展开更多
Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries have attracted extensive interest because of low cost and high safety.However,the relationship between structure change of cathode and the zinc ion storage mechanism is still co...Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries have attracted extensive interest because of low cost and high safety.However,the relationship between structure change of cathode and the zinc ion storage mechanism is still complex and challenging.Herein,open-structured ferric vanadate(Fe_(2)V_(4)O_(13))has been developed as cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries.Intriguingly,two zinc ion storage mechanism can be observed simultaneously for the Fe2V4O13 electrode,i.e.,classical intercalation/deintercalation storage mechanism in the tunnel structure of Fe_(2)V_(4)O_(13),and reversible phase transformation from ferric vanadate to zinc vanadate,which is verified by combined studies using various in-situ and ex-situ techniques.As a result,the Fe_(2)V_(4)O_(13) cathode delivers a high discharge capacity of 380 mAh/g at 0.2 A/g,and stable cyclic performance up to 1000 cycles at 10 A/g in the operating window of 0.2-1.6 V with 2 mol/L Zn(CF_(3)SO_(3))_(2) aqueous solution.Moreover,the assembled Fe_(2)V_(4)O_(13)//Zn flexible quasi-solid-state battery also exhibits a relatively high mechanical strength and good cycling stability.The findings reveal a new perspective of zinc ion storage mechanism for Fe_(2)V_(4)O_(13),which may also be applicable to other vanadate cathodes,providing a new direction for the investigation and design of zinc-ion batteries.展开更多
Semiconductor heterojunction engineering and three-dimensional(3D)architecture con-struction have been considered highly desirable strategies to enhance photocatalytic perfor-mance.Herein,a BiOI/ZnO composite photocat...Semiconductor heterojunction engineering and three-dimensional(3D)architecture con-struction have been considered highly desirable strategies to enhance photocatalytic perfor-mance.Herein,a BiOI/ZnO composite photocatalyst with a 3D flower-like architecture was successfully prepared,whichwas stably immobilized on three-dimensional porous lignocel-lulosic biomass Juncus effusus(JE)fiber.The outstanding photocatalytic performance of the BiOI/ZnO-JE fiber was confirmed by the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride(TC,90%),ciprofloxacin(CIP,79%),and norfloxacin(NOR,81%).The enhanced photocatalytic activities were mainly attributed to the synergistic absorption performance of the lignocellulosic JE and the effective transfer and separation of charges.Moreover,the hydroxyl(·OH)and super-oxide radicals(·O_(2)^(−))are themain reactive species in the photocatalytic process according to the analysis.This work may provide a novel perspective for constructing high-performance lignocellulosic-based photocatalytic materials.展开更多
Noble metal-based-bimetallic catalysts have been highly investigated and applied in wide applications including biomass transformation via regioselective C−O hydrogenolysis while further modification especially with n...Noble metal-based-bimetallic catalysts have been highly investigated and applied in wide applications including biomass transformation via regioselective C−O hydrogenolysis while further modification especially with noble metal is highly promising yet still under investigation.Herein,Ru was found as an effective modifier among the screened noble metals(Ru,Pt,Rh,Pd,Au,and Ag)for Ir-Fe/BN(Ir=5 wt%,Fe/Ir=0.25)catalyst in terminal C−O hydrogenolysis of 1,2-butanediol(1,2-BuD)to 2-butanol(2-BuOH).Only trace amount of Ru(up to 0.5 wt%)was effective in terms of high 2-BuOH selectivity(>60%)and activity(about twice).Larger amount of Ru species(3 wt%)highly enhanced the activity but gave low selectivity to 2-BuOH with by-products of terminal C−C bond scission.Optimized catalyst(Ru(0.5)-Ir-Fe/BN)was reusable at least 4 times and gave moderate 2-BuOH yield(47%)in hydrogenolysis of 1,2-BuD.The promoting effect of Ru addition(0.5 wt%)to Ir-Fe/BN on hydrogenolysis of various alcohols was also confirmed.Combining catalytic tests with various characterizations,the promotion mechanism of Ru species in trimetallic catalysts was clarified.The Ru species in Ru(0.5)-Ir-Fe/BN form alloy with Ir and are enriched at the interface with BN surface,and direct interaction between Ru and Fe was not necessary in Ru-Ir-Fe alloy.The interface of Ir and Fe on the surface of Ir-Fe alloy may work as active sites for 1,2-diols to secondary alcohols via direct C−O hydrogenolysis,in which Ru-modified Ir activates H_(2) to form hydride-like species.The activity of Ru species in C−C bond cleavage was highly suppressed due to the direct interaction with Ir species and less exposed to substrate.Larger loading amount of Ru species(3 wt%)led to the formation Ru-rich trimetallic alloy,which further works as active sites for C−C bond scission.展开更多
Rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZAB)have drawn extensive attention due to their eco-friendliness and safety.However,the lack of high-performance and low-cost oxygen redox reactions(OER and ORR)catalysts has become one o...Rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZAB)have drawn extensive attention due to their eco-friendliness and safety.However,the lack of high-performance and low-cost oxygen redox reactions(OER and ORR)catalysts has become one of the main stumbling blocks in their development.Herein,we successfully fabricate a CoFe nanobubble encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon nanocage on wood carbon support(CoFe@NC/WC)via pyrolysis of a novel Prussian blue analog(PBA)/spruce precursor.The hierarchical CoFe@NC/WC catalyst exhibits an excellent potential difference of 0.74 V between the OER potential at 10 mA cm^(-2)and half-wave potential of ORR in 0.1 M KOH,comparable to recently reported preeminent electrocatalysts.Further,CoFe@NC/WC shows outstanding electrochemical performance in liquid ZAB,with a peak power density of 138.9 mW cm^(-2)and a specific capacity of 763.5 mAh g^(-1).More importantly,a bacterial cellulose nanofiber reinforced polyacrylic acid(BC-PAA)hydrogel electrolyte shows ultrahigh tensile-breaking stress of 1.58 MPa.In conjunction with the as-prepared CoFe@NC/WC catalyst,BC-PAA-based wearable ZAB displays impressive rechargeability and foldability,and can power portable electronics,such as electronic timer and mobile phone,in bent states.This work provides a new approach toward high-activity and low-cost catalysts for ZAB.展开更多
Biomass adhesive is conducive to decreasing the dependence of the wood adhesive industry on synthetic resin based on fossil resources and improving the market competitiveness of adhesives.It is also a critical breakth...Biomass adhesive is conducive to decreasing the dependence of the wood adhesive industry on synthetic resin based on fossil resources and improving the market competitiveness of adhesives.It is also a critical breakthrough to realize the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in the wood industry.In this study,a full biomass wood adhesive composed of tannin and sucrose was developed and applied successfully to the preparation of ply-wood.The preparation technique of plywood was optimized,and the chemical structure,curing performance,crystallization property and thermal performance of the adhesive were investigated.Results showed that:(1)hot-pressing temperature played a decisive role in the performances of tannin-sucrose composite adhesives and it also had a very significant influence on the water resistance of plywood.(2)The preparation of tannin-sucrose composite adhesive was a process in which sucrose was transformed into furan aldehydes and then made cross-linking reaction with tannin.These composite adhesives could only get good bonding performances when the curing temperature was above 210℃.(3)The optimal plywood preparation technique was:hot-pressing tem-perature of 220℃,hot-pressing time of 1.2 min/mm,m(tannin):m(sucrose)of 60:40,and adhesive loading of 160 g/m^(2).The wet bonding strength in boiling water of the prepared plywood was 0.83 MPa,meeting the strength requirements of Type-I plywood in the standard of GB/T 17657-2013.(4)The curing temperature of tannin-sucrose composite adhesive was further decreased by lowering the temperature during the transformation of sucrose into 5-HMF,which was a key in subsequent research.展开更多
Integrating phase change materials(PCM)into thermal insulation materials offers a novel approach to aerospace thermal protection.Herein,we used waste biomass as a template;by selecting the appropriate carbonization te...Integrating phase change materials(PCM)into thermal insulation materials offers a novel approach to aerospace thermal protection.Herein,we used waste biomass as a template;by selecting the appropriate carbonization temperature,we obtained carbon aerogels(CCA)with extremely high porosity(95.8%)and high pore volume.After encapsulating PEG2000,we achieved high enthalpy(137.79 J g^(−1),91%of pure PEG2000)and low thermal conductivity(0.137 W(m·K)^(–1),45% of pure PEG2000).Thanks to the rich hierarchical nano-micro porous structure of CCA and the high latent heat of PEG2000,CCA/PEG exhibits excellent thermal insulation properties(under a heating temperature of 131℃,the material takes 1400 s to reach its maximum temperature and can be maintained below 65℃)and cycle performance.Additionally,irradiation destroyed the structure of CCA/PEG,leading to the degradation of PEG and the formation of other carbonyl-containing compounds,which decreased its latent heat(4.2%)and thermal conductivity(16.1%).However,the irradiation-resistant CCA,acting as a protective layer,minimizes the impact of irradiation on PEG2000.Instead,irradiation enhances the hierarchical porous structure of the material,ultimately improving its thermal insulation performance.CCA/PEG has potential application prospects in thermal protection and aerospace and is a strong competitor for high-efficiency thermal insulation materials.展开更多
Countless efforts have been dedicated to shifting from fossil-to bio-based resources,including the conversion of biomass derivatives into high-value building-block chemicals using various catalytic processes.In partic...Countless efforts have been dedicated to shifting from fossil-to bio-based resources,including the conversion of biomass derivatives into high-value building-block chemicals using various catalytic processes.In particular,electrochemical conversion is a remarkable process when considering biomass as a renewable resource and when applying renewable energy.As typical promising derivatives,5-hydroxymethylfurfural,methanol,and sugars have been extensively investigated to date on a laboratory scale via electrochemical conversion to obtain valuable chemicals such as 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid,2,5-di(hydroxymethyl)furan,formic acid,gluconic acid,and xylitol.This review focuses on the electroconversion of biomass derivatives to high-value-added products.In particular,the catalyst activity,stability,and selectivity for the desired products,reaction mechanisms,and operating conditions of the electrocatalytic process are summarized and discussed.The review also addresses the challenges in the development of electrocatalysts for the electroconversion of biomass derivatives while avoiding side reactions to reduce the separation and purification processes.This study is expected to guide future developments in this field.展开更多
Uranium plays a pivotal role in nuclear energy production, and extracting it from seawater offers a promising solution to alleviate shortages in land-based uranium resources. However, the marine environment with ultra...Uranium plays a pivotal role in nuclear energy production, and extracting it from seawater offers a promising solution to alleviate shortages in land-based uranium resources. However, the marine environment with ultra-low uranium concentrations, high salinity, and microbial activity poses significant extraction challenges, compounded by selectivity and cost limitations in current methods. In the present investigation, an anti-biofouling amino oximefunctionalized collagen/sodium alginate aerogel(CF-AO/SA) was fabricated using leather waste-derived collagen. The dual cross-linked CF-AO/SA network, enhanced by Zn2+incorporation, showed improved structural stability and antibacterial properties, as well as high uranium adsorption capacity, selectivity, and reusability. It achieved 320.7 mg g-1in 14 ppm uranium solution and maintained 78.6% removal efficiency after five cycles. Additionally, the removal rate of uranium was 89% in simulated seawater. Field tests in Zhuhai's Jinwan District(113.35° E, 21.99° N) showed 5.16 mg g-1uranium adsorption and excellent mechanical strength after 30 days in seawater. Furthermore, the production cost of CF-AO/SA was estimated at $3.652 per kilogram, which is lower than other reported adsorbents. The newly developed bio-based aerogel beads have substantial potential for practical applications for uranium capture in seawater and provide a novel high-value utilization way for leather wastes.展开更多
Renewable portfolio standards(RPS)are important guarantees to promote renewable energy(RE)consumption.The tradable green certificate(TGC)trading mechanism is a supporting mechanism of RPS,but the rate of TGC trading i...Renewable portfolio standards(RPS)are important guarantees to promote renewable energy(RE)consumption.The tradable green certificate(TGC)trading mechanism is a supporting mechanism of RPS,but the rate of TGC trading is low and there is a double-metering problem of RE consumption.With the introduction of new policies in China,we innovatively take the electricity-selling side as the subject of RE consumption responsibility and biomass-based electricity-generation(BEG)projects are considered to participate in TGC trading.To explore the interaction between the TGC market and the electricity market,this paper sets up a day-ahead spot market-trading structure combining both markets under RPS and establishes a market equilibrium model.The established model is solved and validated based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the profits of each market player under different influencing factors are analysed.The main conclusions are as follows.(i)The established market structure and model effectively solve the double-metering problem of RE consumption,making the TGC turnover rate reach 82.97%,greatly improving the market efficiency.(ii)Increased demand for TGC will increase demand for RE electricity.The participation of BEG projects in the TGC market can effectively improve the profit of biomass-based electricity producers(BEPs),reduce the burden of government financial subsidies and will not affect the consumption of wind-based electricity and photovoltaic-based electricity.This will help promote the rapid development of China’s RE,especially the BEG industry.(iii)Among the influencing factors,the increase in renewable-energy consumption responsibility weight and the decrease in electricity-generation cost can increase the profit of BEPs.The decline in TGC price and subsidy price will reduce the profit of BEPs.Finally,we put forward policy recommendations for China’s RPS and TGC trading mechanism.This study can provide a reference for the construction of China’s TGC market and electricity market and the development of RE.展开更多
Porous foam based on renewable materials has attracted extensive attention in green energy conservation and sustainable development.However,there is still a requisite for biomass-based porous foam that could meet the ...Porous foam based on renewable materials has attracted extensive attention in green energy conservation and sustainable development.However,there is still a requisite for biomass-based porous foam that could meet the demand for excellent mechanical and high thermal insulation performances for building insulation.Herein,we demonstrated a facile strategy to prepare a porous foam made from a chitosan matrix reinforced by SiC whisker,which shows good performance in building insulation and mechanical strength.The prepared porous foam has a low density(20.1–54.4 kg m^(-3))and high porosity(>97.0%).The density of the chitosan-SiC porous foam can be controlled by varying the suspension solid and SiC whisker content in the preparation process.Furthermore,the influences of SiC whisker content on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the porous foams were also investigated.When the content of SiC whisker is 30 wt%,the prepared porous foam has the highest compression modulus of about 89.8 kPa and also low thermal conductivity of 0.0354 W m^(-1)K^(-1).Moreover,the prepared porous foam shows excellent water vapor permeability with a vapor resistance factor of 2.94,which is beneficial for moisture transfer in buildings.This work provides a facile way to manufacture biomass-based porous foam,which is potential for energy saving in buildings.展开更多
Biomass,which is derived from abundant renewable resources,is a promising alternative to fossil-fuel-based carbon materials for building a green and sustainable society.Biomass-based carbon materials(BCMs)with tailore...Biomass,which is derived from abundant renewable resources,is a promising alternative to fossil-fuel-based carbon materials for building a green and sustainable society.Biomass-based carbon materials(BCMs)with tailored hierarchical pore structures,large specific surface areas,and various surface functional groups have been extensively studied as energy and catalysis-related materials.This review provides insights from the perspectives of intrinsic physicochemical properties and structure-property relationships for discussing several fundamental yet significant issues in BCMs and their consequences.First,the synthesis,properties,and influencing factors of BCMs are discussed.Then,the causes and effects of the poor mechanical properties of biochar are explored.The factors affecting the properties of BCMs are presented,and the approaches for tuning these properties of biochar are summarized.Further,the applications of BCMs in energy storage and conversion are highlighted,including hydrogen storage and production,fuel cells,supercapacitors,hybrid electrodes,catalytic reforming,oxygen and CO_(2) reduction,and acetylene hydrochlorination.Finally,the future trends and prospects for biochar are proposed.This review aims to serve as a useful,up-to-date reference for future studies on BCMs for energy and catalytic applications.展开更多
Biomass-based carbon materials with hierarchical porous structures have attracted attention for their ability to provide more channels and shorten ion transport paths.Here,we developed a simple method based on confine...Biomass-based carbon materials with hierarchical porous structures have attracted attention for their ability to provide more channels and shorten ion transport paths.Here,we developed a simple method based on confined nanospace deposition.Dur-ing high-temperature treatment,the mesoporous silica layer wrapped around the outside of the crab shells acted as a closed nanospace and effectively suppressed the severe deformation of the crab shell structure by shrinking inward.The prepared carbon material has a layered porous structure with abundant and stable N and O co-doping(N 7.32%,O 3.69%).The specific capacitance of the three-electrode system was 134.3 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g in a 6 mol/L KOH electrolyte,and the assembled aqueous symmetric supercapacitors exhibited an excellent cycling stability of 98.81%even after 5000 cycles.展开更多
The utilization of biochar derived from biomass residue to enhance anaerobic digestion(AD)for bioenergy recovery offers a sustainable approach to advance sustainable energy and mitigate climate change.However,conducti...The utilization of biochar derived from biomass residue to enhance anaerobic digestion(AD)for bioenergy recovery offers a sustainable approach to advance sustainable energy and mitigate climate change.However,conducting comprehensive research on the optimal conditions for AD experiments with biochar addition poses a challenge due to diverse experimental objectives.Machine learning(ML)has demonstrated its effectiveness in addressing this issue.Therefore,it is essential to provide an overview of current ML-optimized energy recovery processes for biochar-enhanced AD in order to facilitate a more systematic utilization of ML tools.This review comprehensively examines the material and energy flow of biochar preparation and its impact on AD is comprehension reviewed to optimize biochar-enhanced bioenergy recovery from a production process perspective.Specifically,it summarizes the appli-cation of the ML techniques,based on artificial intelligence,for predicting biochar yield and properties of biomass residues,as well as their utilization in AD.Overall,this review offers a comprehensive analysis to address the current challenges in biochar utilization and sustainable energy recovery.In future research,it is crucial to tackle the chal-lenges that hinder the implementation of biochar in pilot-scale reactors.It is recommended to further investigate the correlation between the physicochemical properties of biochar and the bioenergy recovery process.Addition-ally,enhancing the role of ML throughout the entire biochar-enhanced bioenergy recovery process holds promise for achieving economically and environmentally optimized bioenergy recovery efficiency.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52170060)the Major Science and Technology Project from the Ministry of Water Resources(No.SKS-2022069)the Science and Technology Program of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(No.2021GG0089).
文摘With the increasing demand for water in hydroponic systems and agricultural irrigation,viral diseases have seriously affected the yield and quality of crops.By removing plant viruses in water environments,virus transmission can be prevented and agricultural production and ecosystems can be protected.But so far,there have been few reports on the removal of plant viruses in water environments.Herein,in this study,easily recyclable biomass-based carbon nanotubes catalysts were synthesized with varying metal activities to activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS).Among them,the magnetic 0.125Fe@NCNTs-1/PMS system showed the best overall removal performance against pepper mild mottle virus,with a 5.9 log_(10)removal within 1 min.Notably,the key reactive species in the 0.125Fe@NCNTs-1/PMS system is^(1)O_(2),which can maintain good removal effect in real water matrices(river water and tap water).Through RNA fragment analyses and label free analysis,it was found that this system could effectively cleave virus particles,destroy viral proteins and expose their genome.The capsid protein of pepper mild mottle virus was effectively decomposed where serine may be the main attacking sites by^(1)O_(2).Long viral RNA fragments(3349 and 1642 nt)were cut into smaller fragments(∼160 nt)and caused their degradation.In summary,this study contributes to controlling the spread of plant viruses in real water environment,which will potentially help protect agricultural production and food safety,and improve the health and sustainability of ecosystems.
基金the support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51522805)。
文摘Heavy metals usually exist stably as the species of organic complexes in high-salinity wastewater.Therefore,their effective removal is challenging,especially when the initial p H is neutral.Herein,a novel nitrogen doped biomass-based composite(N-CMCS)was synthesized to remove the complexed heavy metal of Cr(Ⅲ)-carboxyl.The maximum adsorption capacity of Cr(Ⅲ)-Citrate(Cr-Cit)by N-CMCS under neutral p H(7.0)and high-salinity(200 mmol/L NaCl)condition was up to 2.50 mmol/g.And the removal performance remained stable after 6 times of regeneration.Combined with species and characterizations analysis,electrostatic attraction and hydrogen bonding were the main mechanisms for N-CMCS to remove Cr(Ⅲ)-carboxyl complexes.Dynamic adsorption indicated N-CMCS column could treat about 1300BV simulated wastewater and 350 BV actual wastewater with the concentration of effluent lower than1.0 mg/L.Furthermore,N-CMCS could remove a variety of complexed heavy metal ions under neutral p H,indicating the great potential in practical application.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21978170)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.19ZR1424800)the Center of Hydrogen Science,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,China.
文摘CO_(2) utilization becomes a promising solution for reducing anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Biomass-based CO_(2) utilization (BCU) even has the potential to generate negative emissions, but the corresponding quantitative evaluation is limited. Herein, the biomass-based CO_(2) utilization with an iron cycle (BCU-Fe) system, which converts CO_(2) into formate by Fe under hydrothermal conditions and recovers Fe with biomass-derived glycerin, was investigated. The GHG reduction potential under various process designs was quantified by a multidisciplinary method, including experiments, simulations, and an ex-ante life-cycle assessment. The results reveal that the BCU-Fe system could bring considerable GHG emission reduction. Significantly, the lowest value is −34.03 kg CO_(2)-eq/kg absorbed CO_(2) (−2.44 kg CO_(2)-eq/kg circulated Fe) with the optimal yield of formate (66%) and Fe (80%). The proposed ex-ante evaluation approach not only reveals the benefits of mitigating climate change by applying the BCU-Fe system, but also serves as a generic tool to guide the industrialization of emerging carbon-neutral technologies.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Numbers:WK2060000034,WK2060000036,WK2480000007Science and Technology Major Project of Anhui Province,Grant/Award Number:201903a05020003+6 种基金Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Grant/Award Number:QYZDJ-SSW-SLH036Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:21521001Hefei Innovative Program for Overseas Excellent Scholars,Grant/Award Number:BJ2090007002National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:22075269,22105196,51732011,U1932213National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Numbers:2018YFE0202201,2020YFA0710100,2021YFA0715700University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province,Grant/Award Number:GXXT-2019-028National Natural Science Fund for Excellent Young Scientists Fund Program(Overseas)。
文摘Interfacial solar steam generation(ISSG),involving the use of solar energy to evaporate water at the water-to-vapor interface,has presented prospects for the desalination and purification of water due to high energy conversion efficiency and low-cost freshwater generation.Herein,inspired by the aligned nanostructure of plants for efficiently transporting nutrient ions,we optimally design and construct a biomass-based Janus architecture evaporator with an oriented nanostructure for ISSG,using the ice template method,followed by biomimetic mineralization with the resource-abundant and low-cost biomass of the carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium alginate as the raw materials.Taking advantage of the oriented nanostructure allowing efficient transportation of water and coordination capacity of sodium alginate for effective enrichment of heavy-metal ions,the biomass-based Janus architecture shows much lower thermal conductivity and an ultrahigh steam regeneration rate of 2.3 kg m−2 h−1,considerably surpassing those of previously reported oriented biomass-based evaporators.Moreover,the biomass precursor materials are used for this Janus evaporator,guaranteeing minimum impact on the water ecology and environment during the regeneration process of clean drinking water.This study presents an efficient,green,and sustainable pathway for ISSG to effectively achieve heavy-metal-free drinking water.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52203011).
文摘Dielectric films are critical components in the fabrication of capacitors. However, their reliance on petroleum-derived polymers presents significant environmental challenges. To address this issue, we report on a high-performance biomass-based dielectric material derived from vanillin(VA), a renewable aromatic aldehyde. Vanillin was first esterified to synthesize vanillin methacrylate(VMA), which was then copolymerized with methyl methacrylate(MMA) via free-radical polymerization to yield P(VMA-MMA). By crosslinking the aldehyde groups in VMA with the amine groups in the polyether amine D400(PEA), we fabricated a series of P(VMA-MMA)@PEA dielectric films with precisely tunable crosslinking densities. The unique molecular structure of vanillin, featuring both a benzene ring and an ester group, facilitates strong δ-π interactions and dipolar polarization, synergistically enhancing energy storage density while minimizing dielectric loss. At an optimal P(VMA-MMA) ratio of 1:10and 80% theoretical crosslinking degree, the dielectric constant reaches 3.4 at 10^(-3 )Hz, while the breakdown strength reaches 670.2 MV/m. Furthermore, the film exhibits an energy storage density of 7.1 J/cm3at 500 MV/m while maintaining a charge-discharge efficiency exceeding 90%.This study demonstrates a green and reliable strategy for designing biomass-based dielectric materials and opens new avenues for the development of eco-friendly energy-storage technologies.
基金funded by the LatvianCouncil of Science,the project“Investigation of Eco-Friendly Thermal Insulation Materials from Sustainable and Renewable Industrial Crops Residuals,”number lzp-2021/1-0599.
文摘This study examines the development of loose-fill thermal insulation materials derived from annual plant residues,such as wheat straw,water reeds,and corn stalks,processed using the chemimechanical pulping(CMP)technique.The chopped plants were soda-cooked for 30 min,varying NaOH concentration(2%–8%on a dry basis of biomass),and mechanically refined using different disc types.The CMPprocess enhances the homogeneity and stability of defibratedmaterial,yielding improved insulation properties compared to untreated chopped rawmaterials.Chemical analysis revealed that CMP increases cellulose content and reduces lignin levels,enhancing water retention and vapor diffusion properties.Settlement tests confirmed that CMP materials are more resistant to compaction under vibration,maintaining long-term performance.Additionally,the CMP enables the production of lightweight materials that require less resource consumption while achieving comparable thermal insulation performance.The investigated biobased materials offer a sustainable alternative to conventional insulation,with competing thermal conductivity values(0.041-0.046 W/mK)at the settlement-resistant bulk density level of 60 kg/m^(3).The thermal conductivity of CMP materials remains minimally affected.However,the resulting fibers demonstrate significant advantages in stability and material efficiency.This highlights its suitability for loose-fill applications to improve the sustainability of the construction.Using renewable plant residues,CMP-based insulation materials align with circular economy principles and contribute to environmental sustainability.This research underscores the potential of CMP materials to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,optimize resource use,and promote eco-friendly building practices.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB4201802)the Xuzhou Basic Research Project(KC23018)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2023-00104)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions。
文摘Developing an energy supply-chain based on renewable biomass holds great potential to build a low carbon society.High-energy-density(HED)jet fuel,featuring unique fused/strained cycloalkanes,is of great significance for volume-limited military aircrafts,as their high density and combustion heat can extend flight duration and increase the payload.Therefore,the exploration of biomass-based routes towards HED fuel has drawn much attention over the past decade.Cycloaddition reaction features rapid construction of various carbocycles in an atom-and step-economical fashion.This elegant strategy has been widely applied in the manufacture of sustainable HED fuel.Here we carefully summarize the progress achieved in this fascinating area and the review is categorized by the cycloaddition patterns including[4+2],[2+2],[4+4],and[2+1]cycloadditions.Besides,the energy densities of the as-prepared biofuels and petroleumbased fuels(conventional Jet-A and advanced JP-10)are also compared.This review will provide important insights into rational design of new HED fuel with different ring-types/sizes and inspire the chemists to turn those literature studies into practical applications in military field.
基金financially supported by the China Post-doctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2020M682710,2020M682711,2019M652882 and 2019T120725)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2020A1515110705)+2 种基金National Program for Support of Top-notch Young Professionals(No.x2qsA4210090)National Natural Science Foundation of China,(No.31971614)State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering(No.2020C03).
文摘Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries have attracted extensive interest because of low cost and high safety.However,the relationship between structure change of cathode and the zinc ion storage mechanism is still complex and challenging.Herein,open-structured ferric vanadate(Fe_(2)V_(4)O_(13))has been developed as cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries.Intriguingly,two zinc ion storage mechanism can be observed simultaneously for the Fe2V4O13 electrode,i.e.,classical intercalation/deintercalation storage mechanism in the tunnel structure of Fe_(2)V_(4)O_(13),and reversible phase transformation from ferric vanadate to zinc vanadate,which is verified by combined studies using various in-situ and ex-situ techniques.As a result,the Fe_(2)V_(4)O_(13) cathode delivers a high discharge capacity of 380 mAh/g at 0.2 A/g,and stable cyclic performance up to 1000 cycles at 10 A/g in the operating window of 0.2-1.6 V with 2 mol/L Zn(CF_(3)SO_(3))_(2) aqueous solution.Moreover,the assembled Fe_(2)V_(4)O_(13)//Zn flexible quasi-solid-state battery also exhibits a relatively high mechanical strength and good cycling stability.The findings reveal a new perspective of zinc ion storage mechanism for Fe_(2)V_(4)O_(13),which may also be applicable to other vanadate cathodes,providing a new direction for the investigation and design of zinc-ion batteries.
基金supported by the Foundation of Science Re-search Program from the Hubei Provincial Department of Ed-ucation(No.Q20221711)the Program ofWuhan Research Center of Ecodyeing&Finishing and Functional Textile(No.EDFT2021002).
文摘Semiconductor heterojunction engineering and three-dimensional(3D)architecture con-struction have been considered highly desirable strategies to enhance photocatalytic perfor-mance.Herein,a BiOI/ZnO composite photocatalyst with a 3D flower-like architecture was successfully prepared,whichwas stably immobilized on three-dimensional porous lignocel-lulosic biomass Juncus effusus(JE)fiber.The outstanding photocatalytic performance of the BiOI/ZnO-JE fiber was confirmed by the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride(TC,90%),ciprofloxacin(CIP,79%),and norfloxacin(NOR,81%).The enhanced photocatalytic activities were mainly attributed to the synergistic absorption performance of the lignocellulosic JE and the effective transfer and separation of charges.Moreover,the hydroxyl(·OH)and super-oxide radicals(·O_(2)^(−))are themain reactive species in the photocatalytic process according to the analysis.This work may provide a novel perspective for constructing high-performance lignocellulosic-based photocatalytic materials.
文摘Noble metal-based-bimetallic catalysts have been highly investigated and applied in wide applications including biomass transformation via regioselective C−O hydrogenolysis while further modification especially with noble metal is highly promising yet still under investigation.Herein,Ru was found as an effective modifier among the screened noble metals(Ru,Pt,Rh,Pd,Au,and Ag)for Ir-Fe/BN(Ir=5 wt%,Fe/Ir=0.25)catalyst in terminal C−O hydrogenolysis of 1,2-butanediol(1,2-BuD)to 2-butanol(2-BuOH).Only trace amount of Ru(up to 0.5 wt%)was effective in terms of high 2-BuOH selectivity(>60%)and activity(about twice).Larger amount of Ru species(3 wt%)highly enhanced the activity but gave low selectivity to 2-BuOH with by-products of terminal C−C bond scission.Optimized catalyst(Ru(0.5)-Ir-Fe/BN)was reusable at least 4 times and gave moderate 2-BuOH yield(47%)in hydrogenolysis of 1,2-BuD.The promoting effect of Ru addition(0.5 wt%)to Ir-Fe/BN on hydrogenolysis of various alcohols was also confirmed.Combining catalytic tests with various characterizations,the promotion mechanism of Ru species in trimetallic catalysts was clarified.The Ru species in Ru(0.5)-Ir-Fe/BN form alloy with Ir and are enriched at the interface with BN surface,and direct interaction between Ru and Fe was not necessary in Ru-Ir-Fe alloy.The interface of Ir and Fe on the surface of Ir-Fe alloy may work as active sites for 1,2-diols to secondary alcohols via direct C−O hydrogenolysis,in which Ru-modified Ir activates H_(2) to form hydride-like species.The activity of Ru species in C−C bond cleavage was highly suppressed due to the direct interaction with Ir species and less exposed to substrate.Larger loading amount of Ru species(3 wt%)led to the formation Ru-rich trimetallic alloy,which further works as active sites for C−C bond scission.
基金supported by the Innovation and Technology Commission(Grant no.PRP/032/20FX)the RFBR(Grant no.20-03-00772)
文摘Rechargeable Zn-air batteries(ZAB)have drawn extensive attention due to their eco-friendliness and safety.However,the lack of high-performance and low-cost oxygen redox reactions(OER and ORR)catalysts has become one of the main stumbling blocks in their development.Herein,we successfully fabricate a CoFe nanobubble encapsulated in nitrogen-doped carbon nanocage on wood carbon support(CoFe@NC/WC)via pyrolysis of a novel Prussian blue analog(PBA)/spruce precursor.The hierarchical CoFe@NC/WC catalyst exhibits an excellent potential difference of 0.74 V between the OER potential at 10 mA cm^(-2)and half-wave potential of ORR in 0.1 M KOH,comparable to recently reported preeminent electrocatalysts.Further,CoFe@NC/WC shows outstanding electrochemical performance in liquid ZAB,with a peak power density of 138.9 mW cm^(-2)and a specific capacity of 763.5 mAh g^(-1).More importantly,a bacterial cellulose nanofiber reinforced polyacrylic acid(BC-PAA)hydrogel electrolyte shows ultrahigh tensile-breaking stress of 1.58 MPa.In conjunction with the as-prepared CoFe@NC/WC catalyst,BC-PAA-based wearable ZAB displays impressive rechargeability and foldability,and can power portable electronics,such as electronic timer and mobile phone,in bent states.This work provides a new approach toward high-activity and low-cost catalysts for ZAB.
文摘Biomass adhesive is conducive to decreasing the dependence of the wood adhesive industry on synthetic resin based on fossil resources and improving the market competitiveness of adhesives.It is also a critical breakthrough to realize the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality in the wood industry.In this study,a full biomass wood adhesive composed of tannin and sucrose was developed and applied successfully to the preparation of ply-wood.The preparation technique of plywood was optimized,and the chemical structure,curing performance,crystallization property and thermal performance of the adhesive were investigated.Results showed that:(1)hot-pressing temperature played a decisive role in the performances of tannin-sucrose composite adhesives and it also had a very significant influence on the water resistance of plywood.(2)The preparation of tannin-sucrose composite adhesive was a process in which sucrose was transformed into furan aldehydes and then made cross-linking reaction with tannin.These composite adhesives could only get good bonding performances when the curing temperature was above 210℃.(3)The optimal plywood preparation technique was:hot-pressing tem-perature of 220℃,hot-pressing time of 1.2 min/mm,m(tannin):m(sucrose)of 60:40,and adhesive loading of 160 g/m^(2).The wet bonding strength in boiling water of the prepared plywood was 0.83 MPa,meeting the strength requirements of Type-I plywood in the standard of GB/T 17657-2013.(4)The curing temperature of tannin-sucrose composite adhesive was further decreased by lowering the temperature during the transformation of sucrose into 5-HMF,which was a key in subsequent research.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52236006,No.52176054)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong province(2024A1515012033).
文摘Integrating phase change materials(PCM)into thermal insulation materials offers a novel approach to aerospace thermal protection.Herein,we used waste biomass as a template;by selecting the appropriate carbonization temperature,we obtained carbon aerogels(CCA)with extremely high porosity(95.8%)and high pore volume.After encapsulating PEG2000,we achieved high enthalpy(137.79 J g^(−1),91%of pure PEG2000)and low thermal conductivity(0.137 W(m·K)^(–1),45% of pure PEG2000).Thanks to the rich hierarchical nano-micro porous structure of CCA and the high latent heat of PEG2000,CCA/PEG exhibits excellent thermal insulation properties(under a heating temperature of 131℃,the material takes 1400 s to reach its maximum temperature and can be maintained below 65℃)and cycle performance.Additionally,irradiation destroyed the structure of CCA/PEG,leading to the degradation of PEG and the formation of other carbonyl-containing compounds,which decreased its latent heat(4.2%)and thermal conductivity(16.1%).However,the irradiation-resistant CCA,acting as a protective layer,minimizes the impact of irradiation on PEG2000.Instead,irradiation enhances the hierarchical porous structure of the material,ultimately improving its thermal insulation performance.CCA/PEG has potential application prospects in thermal protection and aerospace and is a strong competitor for high-efficiency thermal insulation materials.
基金supported by JSPS KAKENHI(Grant no.22H01855),Japan.Ramli and Chaerusani gratefully acknowledge the MEXT of Japan for the scholarship.Yang gratefully acknowledges the State Scholarship Fund of the China Scholarship Council.
文摘Countless efforts have been dedicated to shifting from fossil-to bio-based resources,including the conversion of biomass derivatives into high-value building-block chemicals using various catalytic processes.In particular,electrochemical conversion is a remarkable process when considering biomass as a renewable resource and when applying renewable energy.As typical promising derivatives,5-hydroxymethylfurfural,methanol,and sugars have been extensively investigated to date on a laboratory scale via electrochemical conversion to obtain valuable chemicals such as 2,5-furan dicarboxylic acid,2,5-di(hydroxymethyl)furan,formic acid,gluconic acid,and xylitol.This review focuses on the electroconversion of biomass derivatives to high-value-added products.In particular,the catalyst activity,stability,and selectivity for the desired products,reaction mechanisms,and operating conditions of the electrocatalytic process are summarized and discussed.The review also addresses the challenges in the development of electrocatalysts for the electroconversion of biomass derivatives while avoiding side reactions to reduce the separation and purification processes.This study is expected to guide future developments in this field.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52273268)Qin Chuangyuan Team Construction Project of Shaanxi Science and Technology Department(2022KXJ-165)+2 种基金Shaanxi Province Technology Innovation Guidance Project(2023GXLH-079)Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry,Ministry of Education,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology(KFKT2022-07)Shaanxi Province Outstanding Youth Science Foundation Project(2025JC-JCQN-053).
文摘Uranium plays a pivotal role in nuclear energy production, and extracting it from seawater offers a promising solution to alleviate shortages in land-based uranium resources. However, the marine environment with ultra-low uranium concentrations, high salinity, and microbial activity poses significant extraction challenges, compounded by selectivity and cost limitations in current methods. In the present investigation, an anti-biofouling amino oximefunctionalized collagen/sodium alginate aerogel(CF-AO/SA) was fabricated using leather waste-derived collagen. The dual cross-linked CF-AO/SA network, enhanced by Zn2+incorporation, showed improved structural stability and antibacterial properties, as well as high uranium adsorption capacity, selectivity, and reusability. It achieved 320.7 mg g-1in 14 ppm uranium solution and maintained 78.6% removal efficiency after five cycles. Additionally, the removal rate of uranium was 89% in simulated seawater. Field tests in Zhuhai's Jinwan District(113.35° E, 21.99° N) showed 5.16 mg g-1uranium adsorption and excellent mechanical strength after 30 days in seawater. Furthermore, the production cost of CF-AO/SA was estimated at $3.652 per kilogram, which is lower than other reported adsorbents. The newly developed bio-based aerogel beads have substantial potential for practical applications for uranium capture in seawater and provide a novel high-value utilization way for leather wastes.
基金This research did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public,commercial or not-for-profit sectors。
文摘Renewable portfolio standards(RPS)are important guarantees to promote renewable energy(RE)consumption.The tradable green certificate(TGC)trading mechanism is a supporting mechanism of RPS,but the rate of TGC trading is low and there is a double-metering problem of RE consumption.With the introduction of new policies in China,we innovatively take the electricity-selling side as the subject of RE consumption responsibility and biomass-based electricity-generation(BEG)projects are considered to participate in TGC trading.To explore the interaction between the TGC market and the electricity market,this paper sets up a day-ahead spot market-trading structure combining both markets under RPS and establishes a market equilibrium model.The established model is solved and validated based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm and the profits of each market player under different influencing factors are analysed.The main conclusions are as follows.(i)The established market structure and model effectively solve the double-metering problem of RE consumption,making the TGC turnover rate reach 82.97%,greatly improving the market efficiency.(ii)Increased demand for TGC will increase demand for RE electricity.The participation of BEG projects in the TGC market can effectively improve the profit of biomass-based electricity producers(BEPs),reduce the burden of government financial subsidies and will not affect the consumption of wind-based electricity and photovoltaic-based electricity.This will help promote the rapid development of China’s RE,especially the BEG industry.(iii)Among the influencing factors,the increase in renewable-energy consumption responsibility weight and the decrease in electricity-generation cost can increase the profit of BEPs.The decline in TGC price and subsidy price will reduce the profit of BEPs.Finally,we put forward policy recommendations for China’s RPS and TGC trading mechanism.This study can provide a reference for the construction of China’s TGC market and electricity market and the development of RE.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52076211)。
文摘Porous foam based on renewable materials has attracted extensive attention in green energy conservation and sustainable development.However,there is still a requisite for biomass-based porous foam that could meet the demand for excellent mechanical and high thermal insulation performances for building insulation.Herein,we demonstrated a facile strategy to prepare a porous foam made from a chitosan matrix reinforced by SiC whisker,which shows good performance in building insulation and mechanical strength.The prepared porous foam has a low density(20.1–54.4 kg m^(-3))and high porosity(>97.0%).The density of the chitosan-SiC porous foam can be controlled by varying the suspension solid and SiC whisker content in the preparation process.Furthermore,the influences of SiC whisker content on the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the porous foams were also investigated.When the content of SiC whisker is 30 wt%,the prepared porous foam has the highest compression modulus of about 89.8 kPa and also low thermal conductivity of 0.0354 W m^(-1)K^(-1).Moreover,the prepared porous foam shows excellent water vapor permeability with a vapor resistance factor of 2.94,which is beneficial for moisture transfer in buildings.This work provides a facile way to manufacture biomass-based porous foam,which is potential for energy saving in buildings.
基金financially supported by Key Research and Development Projects of Sichuan Province(2023YFG0222)“Tianfu Emei”Science and Technology Innovation Leader Program in Sichuan Province,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Talent Start-up Funds(A1098531023601208)National Natural Science Foundation of China(21472235,21464015).
文摘Biomass,which is derived from abundant renewable resources,is a promising alternative to fossil-fuel-based carbon materials for building a green and sustainable society.Biomass-based carbon materials(BCMs)with tailored hierarchical pore structures,large specific surface areas,and various surface functional groups have been extensively studied as energy and catalysis-related materials.This review provides insights from the perspectives of intrinsic physicochemical properties and structure-property relationships for discussing several fundamental yet significant issues in BCMs and their consequences.First,the synthesis,properties,and influencing factors of BCMs are discussed.Then,the causes and effects of the poor mechanical properties of biochar are explored.The factors affecting the properties of BCMs are presented,and the approaches for tuning these properties of biochar are summarized.Further,the applications of BCMs in energy storage and conversion are highlighted,including hydrogen storage and production,fuel cells,supercapacitors,hybrid electrodes,catalytic reforming,oxygen and CO_(2) reduction,and acetylene hydrochlorination.Finally,the future trends and prospects for biochar are proposed.This review aims to serve as a useful,up-to-date reference for future studies on BCMs for energy and catalytic applications.
基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,2023M732589,Zhihao YuNational Natural Science Foundation of China,22308253,Zhihao Yu,51908400,Rui Zhang,52066017,Xuebin Lu+2 种基金Central Financial Support Special Funds for Local Universities(Tibet University),[2022]No.1,Xuebin Lu,[2023]No.1,Xuebin LuTibet University Postgraduate High Level Talent Training Programme,2020-GSP-B017,Xuebin LuKey R&D Projects in Tibet Autonomous Region,XZ202101ZY0011G,Xuebin Lu,XZ202101ZY0012G,Xuebin Lu.
文摘Biomass-based carbon materials with hierarchical porous structures have attracted attention for their ability to provide more channels and shorten ion transport paths.Here,we developed a simple method based on confined nanospace deposition.Dur-ing high-temperature treatment,the mesoporous silica layer wrapped around the outside of the crab shells acted as a closed nanospace and effectively suppressed the severe deformation of the crab shell structure by shrinking inward.The prepared carbon material has a layered porous structure with abundant and stable N and O co-doping(N 7.32%,O 3.69%).The specific capacitance of the three-electrode system was 134.3 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g in a 6 mol/L KOH electrolyte,and the assembled aqueous symmetric supercapacitors exhibited an excellent cycling stability of 98.81%even after 5000 cycles.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant number 2019YFC1900602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 52270131)National Research Foundation,Prime Minister’s Office,Singapore under its Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise(CREATE)program.
文摘The utilization of biochar derived from biomass residue to enhance anaerobic digestion(AD)for bioenergy recovery offers a sustainable approach to advance sustainable energy and mitigate climate change.However,conducting comprehensive research on the optimal conditions for AD experiments with biochar addition poses a challenge due to diverse experimental objectives.Machine learning(ML)has demonstrated its effectiveness in addressing this issue.Therefore,it is essential to provide an overview of current ML-optimized energy recovery processes for biochar-enhanced AD in order to facilitate a more systematic utilization of ML tools.This review comprehensively examines the material and energy flow of biochar preparation and its impact on AD is comprehension reviewed to optimize biochar-enhanced bioenergy recovery from a production process perspective.Specifically,it summarizes the appli-cation of the ML techniques,based on artificial intelligence,for predicting biochar yield and properties of biomass residues,as well as their utilization in AD.Overall,this review offers a comprehensive analysis to address the current challenges in biochar utilization and sustainable energy recovery.In future research,it is crucial to tackle the chal-lenges that hinder the implementation of biochar in pilot-scale reactors.It is recommended to further investigate the correlation between the physicochemical properties of biochar and the bioenergy recovery process.Addition-ally,enhancing the role of ML throughout the entire biochar-enhanced bioenergy recovery process holds promise for achieving economically and environmentally optimized bioenergy recovery efficiency.
