The diagnosis of liver cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C has not always been easy, since the gold standard method is the liver biopsy, which is an invasive procedure with interobserver accuracy problems a...The diagnosis of liver cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C has not always been easy, since the gold standard method is the liver biopsy, which is an invasive procedure with interobserver accuracy problems and there have been reports of complications including records of deaths due to hemoperitoneum. Cirrhosis changes the prognosis of the subject with hepatitis C and requires a different clinical management. This study aimed to identify clinical and laboratory variables associated with the diagnosis of cirrhosis in the ultrasonography of patients infected with hepatitis C. In a case-control study, we evaluated 70 cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C compared to a control group of 70 non-cirrhotic people with positive HCV. The results showed, through logistic regression analysis, that the variables blood donor and professional athlete, adjusted for alcohol consumption, showed OR 0.24 and 0.18, with p values of 0.044 and 0.035, respectively. We conclude that the diagnosis of cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C remains challenging, but the patients with the condition of blood donor or professional athlete prove to be less likely to cirrhosis in ultrasonography in the initial consultation.展开更多
Perioperative neurocognitive disorder(PND) is a significant neurological complication in aging perioperative patients that impacts postoperative cognition.PND is currently diagnosed through cognitive function testing,...Perioperative neurocognitive disorder(PND) is a significant neurological complication in aging perioperative patients that impacts postoperative cognition.PND is currently diagnosed through cognitive function testing,which is limited by its subjectivity and time requirements.Thus,the identification of biomarkers to assess PND onset is a priority to identify at-risk individuals and enable interventions and treatments to patient outcomes.This article synthesizes expert perspectives on brain aging and PND,presents the latest clinical evidence on PND biomarkers(imaging,electroencephalography,and molecular biomarkers),and delves into the relationship between PND and other age-related cognitive disorders.Thorough review of PND research identified several biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity,offering a solid scientific foundation to predict and diagnose PND.These biomarkers not only enhance diagnostic accuracy for clinicians but also provide opportunities for earlier intervention and more effective treatment,potentially enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.展开更多
Burn is an under-appreciated trauma that is associated with unacceptably high morbidity and mortality.Although the survival rate after devastating burn injuries has continued to increase in previous decades due to med...Burn is an under-appreciated trauma that is associated with unacceptably high morbidity and mortality.Although the survival rate after devastating burn injuries has continued to increase in previous decades due to medical advances in burn wound care,nutritional and fluid resuscitation and improved infection control practices,there are still large numbers of patients at a high risk of death.One of the most common complications of burn is sepsis,which is defined as“severe organ dysfunction attributed to host’s disordered response to infection”and is the primary cause of death in burn patients.Indeed,burn injuries are accompanied by a series of events that lead to sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,such as a hypovolaemic state,immune and inflammatory responses and metabolic changes.Therefore,clear diagnostic criteria and predictive biomarkers are especially important in the prevention and treatment of sepsis and septic shock.In this review,we focus on the pathogenesis of burn wound infection and the post-burn events leading to sepsis.Moreover,the clinical and promising biomarkers of burn sepsis will also be summarized.展开更多
The intestinal microbiota help regulate hibernation in vertebrates.However,it needs to be established how hibernation modulates the gut microbiome and intestinal metabolism.In the present study,we used an artificial h...The intestinal microbiota help regulate hibernation in vertebrates.However,it needs to be established how hibernation modulates the gut microbiome and intestinal metabolism.In the present study,we used an artificial hibernation model to examine the responses of the gut microbiota of the Strauchbufo raddei to the environmental changes associated with this behavior.Hibernation significantly lowered the diversity of the microbiota and altered the microbial community of the gut.Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,and Bacteroidota were the major bacterial phyla in the intestines of S.raddei.However,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria predominated in the gut of active and hibernating S.raddei,respectively.Certain bacterial genera such as Pseudomonas,Vibrio,Ralstonia,and Rhodococcus could serve as biomarkers distinguishing hibernating and non-hibernating S.raddei.The gut microbiota was more resistant to environmental stress in hibernating than active S.raddei.Moreover,metabolomics revealed that metabolites implicated in fatty acid biosynthesis were highly upregulated in the intestines of hibernating S.raddei.The metabolites that were enriched during hibernation enabled S.raddei to adapt to the low temperatures and the lack of exogenous food that are characteristic of hibernation.A correlation analysis of the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites revealed that the gut microbiota might participate in the metabolic regulation of hibernating S.raddei.The present study clarified the modifications that occur in the intestinal bacteria and their symbiotic relationship with their host during hibernation.These findings are indicative of the adaptive changes in the metabolism of amphibians under different environmental conditions.展开更多
文摘The diagnosis of liver cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C has not always been easy, since the gold standard method is the liver biopsy, which is an invasive procedure with interobserver accuracy problems and there have been reports of complications including records of deaths due to hemoperitoneum. Cirrhosis changes the prognosis of the subject with hepatitis C and requires a different clinical management. This study aimed to identify clinical and laboratory variables associated with the diagnosis of cirrhosis in the ultrasonography of patients infected with hepatitis C. In a case-control study, we evaluated 70 cirrhotic patients with chronic hepatitis C compared to a control group of 70 non-cirrhotic people with positive HCV. The results showed, through logistic regression analysis, that the variables blood donor and professional athlete, adjusted for alcohol consumption, showed OR 0.24 and 0.18, with p values of 0.044 and 0.035, respectively. We conclude that the diagnosis of cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C remains challenging, but the patients with the condition of blood donor or professional athlete prove to be less likely to cirrhosis in ultrasonography in the initial consultation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82171194,82371204,82171183,82293642)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission Biomedical Science and Technology Project (22S31902600)。
文摘Perioperative neurocognitive disorder(PND) is a significant neurological complication in aging perioperative patients that impacts postoperative cognition.PND is currently diagnosed through cognitive function testing,which is limited by its subjectivity and time requirements.Thus,the identification of biomarkers to assess PND onset is a priority to identify at-risk individuals and enable interventions and treatments to patient outcomes.This article synthesizes expert perspectives on brain aging and PND,presents the latest clinical evidence on PND biomarkers(imaging,electroencephalography,and molecular biomarkers),and delves into the relationship between PND and other age-related cognitive disorders.Thorough review of PND research identified several biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity,offering a solid scientific foundation to predict and diagnose PND.These biomarkers not only enhance diagnostic accuracy for clinicians but also provide opportunities for earlier intervention and more effective treatment,potentially enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81821002,81790251,81672381)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2019B030302012)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2018RZ0133)the Chengdu Science and Technology Program(2019-YF05-00715-SN).
文摘Burn is an under-appreciated trauma that is associated with unacceptably high morbidity and mortality.Although the survival rate after devastating burn injuries has continued to increase in previous decades due to medical advances in burn wound care,nutritional and fluid resuscitation and improved infection control practices,there are still large numbers of patients at a high risk of death.One of the most common complications of burn is sepsis,which is defined as“severe organ dysfunction attributed to host’s disordered response to infection”and is the primary cause of death in burn patients.Indeed,burn injuries are accompanied by a series of events that lead to sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,such as a hypovolaemic state,immune and inflammatory responses and metabolic changes.Therefore,clear diagnostic criteria and predictive biomarkers are especially important in the prevention and treatment of sepsis and septic shock.In this review,we focus on the pathogenesis of burn wound infection and the post-burn events leading to sepsis.Moreover,the clinical and promising biomarkers of burn sepsis will also be summarized.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31471953).
文摘The intestinal microbiota help regulate hibernation in vertebrates.However,it needs to be established how hibernation modulates the gut microbiome and intestinal metabolism.In the present study,we used an artificial hibernation model to examine the responses of the gut microbiota of the Strauchbufo raddei to the environmental changes associated with this behavior.Hibernation significantly lowered the diversity of the microbiota and altered the microbial community of the gut.Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,and Bacteroidota were the major bacterial phyla in the intestines of S.raddei.However,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria predominated in the gut of active and hibernating S.raddei,respectively.Certain bacterial genera such as Pseudomonas,Vibrio,Ralstonia,and Rhodococcus could serve as biomarkers distinguishing hibernating and non-hibernating S.raddei.The gut microbiota was more resistant to environmental stress in hibernating than active S.raddei.Moreover,metabolomics revealed that metabolites implicated in fatty acid biosynthesis were highly upregulated in the intestines of hibernating S.raddei.The metabolites that were enriched during hibernation enabled S.raddei to adapt to the low temperatures and the lack of exogenous food that are characteristic of hibernation.A correlation analysis of the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites revealed that the gut microbiota might participate in the metabolic regulation of hibernating S.raddei.The present study clarified the modifications that occur in the intestinal bacteria and their symbiotic relationship with their host during hibernation.These findings are indicative of the adaptive changes in the metabolism of amphibians under different environmental conditions.
