Background:The goal was to quantitatively analyze the bulbar conjunctival microvascular density using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and compare it to the vessel density using functional slit-lamp biomi...Background:The goal was to quantitatively analyze the bulbar conjunctival microvascular density using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and compare it to the vessel density using functional slit-lamp biomicroscopy(FSLB).Methods:Temporal bulbar conjunctiva of 20 eyes(10 healthy subjects)was imaged using both OCTA and FSLB.Image processing was performed including equalization,de-noising,thresholding,and skeletonization.The vessel density was measured by fractal analysis(box counting,Dbox)and pixel counting(%).Results:Vessel density(Dbox)of the bulbar conjunctiva obtained using OCTA was 1.28±0.01 Dbox,which was significantly lower than the result(1.32±0.01 Dbox,P<0.001)obtained using FSLB.Furthermore,the vessel density(%)obtained using OCTA was 3.31±0.12%,which was also significantly lower than the result(3.69±0.16%,P<0.001)obtained using FSLB.No significant correlations(r ranged from 0.21 to 0.32,P>0.05)between both instruments were found in both vessel density methods(Dbox and percentage).However,in each of the devices,vessel density in Dbox was significantly correlated with the vessel density in percentage(r=1.0 for FSLB and r=0.98 for OCTA,both P<0.001).Conclusion:This study demonstrated that the vessel density of the bulbar conjunctiva obtained using OCTA can be quantified,and the results were not compatible with that obtained using slit-lamp biomicroscopy photography.展开更多
Background:The inter-visit variation of measuring bulbar conjunctival microvasculature and microcirculation needs to be considered when the results from multiple visits are interpreted.This study examined the inter-vi...Background:The inter-visit variation of measuring bulbar conjunctival microvasculature and microcirculation needs to be considered when the results from multiple visits are interpreted.This study examined the inter-visit variability of measuring conjunctival microvasculature and microcirculation in habitual contact lens(HCL)wearers and non-contact lens(NCL)wearers.Methods:Twenty-eight subjects were recruited including 13 HCL wearers(10 females and 3 males;mean age±standard deviation,25.8±4.6 years)who had worn contact lenses on a daily basis for at least 3 years and 15 NCL wearers(10 females and 5 males,age 25.5±4.0 years)were recruited.The temporal bulbar conjunctiva was imaged using a functional slit-lamp bio-microscope(FSLB)imaging system.FSLB imaging was performed in the morning when the HCL wearers did not wear their lenses.The measurements included conjunctival vessel diameter,vessel density,blood flow velocity and flow volume.In addition,conjunctival microvasculature was analyzed using monofractal(Dbox,representing vessel density)and multifractal(D0 representing vessel complexity)analyses.The repeated measurement was conducted at least one week after the first visit and both eyes of each participant were imaged.The coefficient of variation(CV)was calculated as the standard deviation of the differences between test and re-test then divided by the mean of the measurements.The intra-class correlation coefficient(ICC)was also calculated.Results:No significant differences of all vascular measurements in both the right and left eyes were found between two groups(P>0.05).Between two measurements on two different visits,the CV was from 2.4%(vessel density D0)to 63.5%(blood flow volume Q)in HCL wearers and from 3.4%(D0)to 40.6%(blood flow volume)in NCL wearers.The ICC was from 0.60(vessel diameter)to 0.81(axial blood flow velocity VA)in HCL wearers and from 0.44(Q)to 0.68(cross-sectional blood flow velocity VS)in NCL wearers.Conclusions:The measurement variability of the vessel density of the bulbar conjunctiva appeared to have the smallest inter-visit variation.The measurement variability of the vasculature and circulation in HCL wearers were similar to that in NCL wearers.展开更多
Background:The aim was to determine the relationship between bulbar conjunctival microcirculation and retinal microcirculation in a healthy population.Method:A functional slit-lamp biomicroscope(FSLB)was used to measu...Background:The aim was to determine the relationship between bulbar conjunctival microcirculation and retinal microcirculation in a healthy population.Method:A functional slit-lamp biomicroscope(FSLB)was used to measure blood flow velocity(BFV)and blood flow rate(BFR)in the conjunctiva while a retinal function imager(RFI)was used to measure macular BFV and BFR in the retina.One eye of each subject of 58 self-reported healthy subjects was imaged in the same session on the same day.Results:The mean BFV in the venules of the conjunctiva was 0.49±0.13 mm/s,which was significantly slower than that in the retinal arterioles(3.71±0.78 mm/s,P<0.001)and retinal venules(2.98±0.58 mm/s,P<0.001).The BFR in the conjunctiva(0.09 nl/s)was also significantly lower than that in the retina(arterioles=0.81 nl/s,venules=0.68 nl/s,all P<0.001).The BFVs and BFRs were not related between the conjunctiva and retina(r ranged from−0.17 to−0.05,all P>0.05).Conclusion:The microcirculation in the retina appeared to be different from that in the conjunctiva.展开更多
Functional slit lamp biomicroscopy(FSLB)is a novel device which consists of a traditional slit-lamp and a digital camera.It can quantitatively assess vessel diameter,blood flow velocity,and blood flow rate and can cre...Functional slit lamp biomicroscopy(FSLB)is a novel device which consists of a traditional slit-lamp and a digital camera.It can quantitatively assess vessel diameter,blood flow velocity,and blood flow rate and can create noninvasive microvascular perfusion maps(nMPMs).At present,FSLB is mainly used in contact lens(CL)and dry eye disease(DED)studies to advance our understanding of ocular surface microcirculation.FSLB-derived blood flow and vessel density measures are significantly altered in CL wearers and DED patients compared to normal people.These subtle changes in the ocular surface microcirculation may contribute to the monitoring of potential diseases of the body and provide a new way to diagnose dry eye disease.Therefore,this may also indicate that FSLB can be more widely applied in the study of other diseases to reveal the relationship between changes in ocular surface microcirculation and systemic diseases.The purpose of this paper is to summarize the functions of FSLB and the related studies especially in CL and DED.展开更多
基金supported by NIH Center Grant P30 EY014801grant from the Research to Prevent Blindness(RPB)+1 种基金supported by Guangzhou Science and Technology Project(No.201804010038)“Yangcheng Scholar”Youth Research Backbone Training Project of Guangzhou Municipal College(No.1201581612).
文摘Background:The goal was to quantitatively analyze the bulbar conjunctival microvascular density using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and compare it to the vessel density using functional slit-lamp biomicroscopy(FSLB).Methods:Temporal bulbar conjunctiva of 20 eyes(10 healthy subjects)was imaged using both OCTA and FSLB.Image processing was performed including equalization,de-noising,thresholding,and skeletonization.The vessel density was measured by fractal analysis(box counting,Dbox)and pixel counting(%).Results:Vessel density(Dbox)of the bulbar conjunctiva obtained using OCTA was 1.28±0.01 Dbox,which was significantly lower than the result(1.32±0.01 Dbox,P<0.001)obtained using FSLB.Furthermore,the vessel density(%)obtained using OCTA was 3.31±0.12%,which was also significantly lower than the result(3.69±0.16%,P<0.001)obtained using FSLB.No significant correlations(r ranged from 0.21 to 0.32,P>0.05)between both instruments were found in both vessel density methods(Dbox and percentage).However,in each of the devices,vessel density in Dbox was significantly correlated with the vessel density in percentage(r=1.0 for FSLB and r=0.98 for OCTA,both P<0.001).Conclusion:This study demonstrated that the vessel density of the bulbar conjunctiva obtained using OCTA can be quantified,and the results were not compatible with that obtained using slit-lamp biomicroscopy photography.
基金This work was supported by a research grant provided by Johnson&Johnson Vision Care,Inc.
文摘Background:The inter-visit variation of measuring bulbar conjunctival microvasculature and microcirculation needs to be considered when the results from multiple visits are interpreted.This study examined the inter-visit variability of measuring conjunctival microvasculature and microcirculation in habitual contact lens(HCL)wearers and non-contact lens(NCL)wearers.Methods:Twenty-eight subjects were recruited including 13 HCL wearers(10 females and 3 males;mean age±standard deviation,25.8±4.6 years)who had worn contact lenses on a daily basis for at least 3 years and 15 NCL wearers(10 females and 5 males,age 25.5±4.0 years)were recruited.The temporal bulbar conjunctiva was imaged using a functional slit-lamp bio-microscope(FSLB)imaging system.FSLB imaging was performed in the morning when the HCL wearers did not wear their lenses.The measurements included conjunctival vessel diameter,vessel density,blood flow velocity and flow volume.In addition,conjunctival microvasculature was analyzed using monofractal(Dbox,representing vessel density)and multifractal(D0 representing vessel complexity)analyses.The repeated measurement was conducted at least one week after the first visit and both eyes of each participant were imaged.The coefficient of variation(CV)was calculated as the standard deviation of the differences between test and re-test then divided by the mean of the measurements.The intra-class correlation coefficient(ICC)was also calculated.Results:No significant differences of all vascular measurements in both the right and left eyes were found between two groups(P>0.05).Between two measurements on two different visits,the CV was from 2.4%(vessel density D0)to 63.5%(blood flow volume Q)in HCL wearers and from 3.4%(D0)to 40.6%(blood flow volume)in NCL wearers.The ICC was from 0.60(vessel diameter)to 0.81(axial blood flow velocity VA)in HCL wearers and from 0.44(Q)to 0.68(cross-sectional blood flow velocity VS)in NCL wearers.Conclusions:The measurement variability of the vessel density of the bulbar conjunctiva appeared to have the smallest inter-visit variation.The measurement variability of the vasculature and circulation in HCL wearers were similar to that in NCL wearers.
基金Supported by NIH Center Grant P30 EY014801a grant from Research to Prevent Blindness(RPB).
文摘Background:The aim was to determine the relationship between bulbar conjunctival microcirculation and retinal microcirculation in a healthy population.Method:A functional slit-lamp biomicroscope(FSLB)was used to measure blood flow velocity(BFV)and blood flow rate(BFR)in the conjunctiva while a retinal function imager(RFI)was used to measure macular BFV and BFR in the retina.One eye of each subject of 58 self-reported healthy subjects was imaged in the same session on the same day.Results:The mean BFV in the venules of the conjunctiva was 0.49±0.13 mm/s,which was significantly slower than that in the retinal arterioles(3.71±0.78 mm/s,P<0.001)and retinal venules(2.98±0.58 mm/s,P<0.001).The BFR in the conjunctiva(0.09 nl/s)was also significantly lower than that in the retina(arterioles=0.81 nl/s,venules=0.68 nl/s,all P<0.001).The BFVs and BFRs were not related between the conjunctiva and retina(r ranged from−0.17 to−0.05,all P>0.05).Conclusion:The microcirculation in the retina appeared to be different from that in the conjunctiva.
基金supported in part by a grant from the Key Projects in Scientific Research Foundation of National Health CommissionMedical Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province(WKJ-ZJ-1930).
文摘Functional slit lamp biomicroscopy(FSLB)is a novel device which consists of a traditional slit-lamp and a digital camera.It can quantitatively assess vessel diameter,blood flow velocity,and blood flow rate and can create noninvasive microvascular perfusion maps(nMPMs).At present,FSLB is mainly used in contact lens(CL)and dry eye disease(DED)studies to advance our understanding of ocular surface microcirculation.FSLB-derived blood flow and vessel density measures are significantly altered in CL wearers and DED patients compared to normal people.These subtle changes in the ocular surface microcirculation may contribute to the monitoring of potential diseases of the body and provide a new way to diagnose dry eye disease.Therefore,this may also indicate that FSLB can be more widely applied in the study of other diseases to reveal the relationship between changes in ocular surface microcirculation and systemic diseases.The purpose of this paper is to summarize the functions of FSLB and the related studies especially in CL and DED.
