Pulmonary diseases have long posed a severe threat to human life and health.The incidence and mortality rates of pulmonary diseases have shown a rising trend year by year,highlighting the urgency of developing safe an...Pulmonary diseases have long posed a severe threat to human life and health.The incidence and mortality rates of pulmonary diseases have shown a rising trend year by year,highlighting the urgency of developing safe and effective therapeutic approaches.In recent years,to address the challenges faced by traditional treatment strategies for pulmonary diseases,the interdisciplinary integration has greatly promoted the rapid development of biomedical polymer materials in the field of pulmonary disease treatment.This review provides a detailed description of the structural characteristics of lung tissue,types of pulmonary diseases,traditional treatment methods,the categories and properties of biomedical polymer materials applied to pulmonary diseases.We systematically elaborate on the applications of biomedical polymer materials in the treatment of different pulmonary diseases and thoroughly discuss their functional roles in pulmonary diseases,particularly in the delivery of therapeutic agents to diseased sites,the formation of pulmonary aerosol formulations,and the facilitation of the effective accumulation of therapeutic agents.The latest research progresses of biomedical polymer materials are also introduced in pulmonary disease treatment.We have highlighted the current challenges and development opportunities of biomedical polymer materials in the treatment of pulmonary diseases,and provide future research directions for biomedical polymer materials in this field.This review will provide valuable reference for the basic research and clinical application of biomedical polymer materials in pulmonary disease treatment.展开更多
The current global shortage of oil resources and the pollution problems caused by traditional barrier materials urgently require the search for new substitutes.Biodegradable bio-based barrier materials possess the cha...The current global shortage of oil resources and the pollution problems caused by traditional barrier materials urgently require the search for new substitutes.Biodegradable bio-based barrier materials possess the characteristics of being renewable,environmentally friendly,and having excellent barrier properties.They have become an important choice in fields such as food packaging,agricultural film covering,and medical protection.This review systematically analyzes the design and research of this type of material,classifying biobased and biodegradable barrier materials based on the sources of raw materials and synthesis pathways.It also provides a detailed introduction to the latest research progress of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,discussing the synthesis methods and improvement measures of their barrier properties.Subsequently,it analyzes the related technologies for enhancing the barrier properties of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,and finally looks forward to the directions that future research should focus on,promoting the transition of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials from the laboratory to industrial applications.展开更多
Epoxy resins are widely employed in wind turbine blades,drone rotors,and automotive interiors due to their excel-lent mechani-cal proper-ties and long service life.However,their insoluble and infusible cross-linked ne...Epoxy resins are widely employed in wind turbine blades,drone rotors,and automotive interiors due to their excel-lent mechani-cal proper-ties and long service life.However,their insoluble and infusible cross-linked networks pose a significant re-cycling challenge,particularly with the impending retirement of the first generation of wind turbine blades.In this work,we reported a fully bio-based epoxy Vitrimer(FEP)incorporat-ing a dual-dynamic covalent network design and systematically investigated the influence of the 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene(TBD)catalyst on its curing kinetics,thermal/mechan-ical properties,dynamic exchange behavior,and degradation performance in a mild alkaline solution.Compared to conventional epoxy resins,FEP exhibited superior tensile strength and elongation at break at an optimal TBD concentration(2 wt%),achieving an excellent strength-toughness balance.The presence of TBD accelerated the exchange rates of both disulfide and ester bonds,endowing FEP with notable stress relaxation at elevated tempera-tures.Moreover,FEP demonstrated complete dissolution in 1 mol/L NaOH within 6 h at 25℃.These results underscored the exceptional strength,toughness,and recyclability of FEP,positioning it as a promising,environmentally friendly matrix resin for next-generation appli-cations in the new energy sector.展开更多
This study explores a novel method for processing cotton stalks—an abundant agricultural byproduct—into long strips that serve as sustainable raw material for engineered bio-based panels.To evaluate the effect of ra...This study explores a novel method for processing cotton stalks—an abundant agricultural byproduct—into long strips that serve as sustainable raw material for engineered bio-based panels.To evaluate the effect of raw material morphology on panel’s performance,two types of cotton stalk-based panels were developed:one using long strips,maintaining fiber continuity,and the other using ground particles,representing conventional processing.A wood strand-based panel made from commercial southern yellow pine strands served as the control.All panels were bonded using phenol-formaldehyde resin and hot-pressed to a target thickness of 12.7 mm and density of 640 kg/m^(3).Their mechanical and physical properties were evaluated through internal bond,bending,thickness swelling,and water absorption tests.Both cotton stalk-based panels showed improved bonding performance compared to the control.The internal bond of the strip-based panel was nearly four times higher than that of the control,while the particlebased panel exceeded it by a factor of two.The strip-based panel showed approximately 15% lower bending stiffness than the wood strand-based panel,yet it surpassed it in load-carrying capacity by 5%.In contrast,the particleboard showed significantly lower bending performance than the strip-based and control panels,despite particle processing being a more conventional method.Both cotton stalk-based panels exhibited higher water absorption and thickness swelling than the wood strand panel.Overall,cotton stalk-based panels—particularly those using strip processing—show promisingmechanical properties,suggesting potential applications in sheathing,furniture,and interior paneling.However,improvements in dimensional stability are needed for broader use.展开更多
PKU:The super fibers combine strength and toughness In impact protection applications such as ballistic armor,vehicle shielding,and aerospace,the dynamic strength and dynamic toughness of fiber materials are critical ...PKU:The super fibers combine strength and toughness In impact protection applications such as ballistic armor,vehicle shielding,and aerospace,the dynamic strength and dynamic toughness of fiber materials are critical performance indicators determining protective efficacy.However,widely used polymeric fibers still face significant challenges preventing full utilization of the material’s intrinsic strength and toughness.展开更多
The zigzag nitrogen chain,similar to the Ch-N structure,has long been considered as a potential high-energy-density structure.However,all the previously predicted zigzag N-chain structures,similar to Ch-N,exhibited im...The zigzag nitrogen chain,similar to the Ch-N structure,has long been considered as a potential high-energy-density structure.However,all the previously predicted zigzag N-chain structures,similar to Ch-N,exhibited imaginary frequencies in their phonon spectra at 0 GPa.Here,we conducted a systematic investigation of P-N compounds using first-principles calculations,uncovering a series of structurally similar stable phases,C2/m-PN_(x)(x=6,8,10,12,and 14),in which N forms zigzag N chains similar to those in Ch-N.In P-N compounds,the longest zigzag N-chain,which can theoretically remain stable under ambient pressure,is the N-chain composed of 14 N atoms in C2/m-PN14.If the N-chain continues to grow,imaginary interchain vibrational frequencies arise in the system.Notably,N chains with an even number of atoms were more likely to be energetically favorable.The five C2/m-PN_(x) phases and one metastable phase(R-PN_(6))exhibited remarkable stability and excellent detonability at ambient pressure,indicating that they are promising candidates for high-energy-density materials.In addition,R-PN_(6) was the first structure to stabilize the N_(6) ring through covalent bonding,with the covalent network contributing to its high hardness(47.59 GPa).展开更多
Facilitated transport membranes for post-combustion carbon capture are one of the technologies to achieve efficient and large-scale capture.The central principle is to utilize the affinity of CO_(2) for the carrier to...Facilitated transport membranes for post-combustion carbon capture are one of the technologies to achieve efficient and large-scale capture.The central principle is to utilize the affinity of CO_(2) for the carrier to achieve efficient separation and to break the Robson upper bound.This paper reviews the progress of facilitated transport membranes research regarding polymer materials,principles,and problems faced at this stage.Firstly,we briefly introduce the transport mechanism of the facilitated transport membranes.Then the research progress of several major polymers used for facilitated transport membranes for CO_(2)/N_(2) separation was presented in the past five years.Additionally,we analyze the primary challenges of facilitated transport membranes,including the influence of water,the effect of temperature,the saturation effect of the carrier,and the process configuration.Finally,we also delve into the challenges and competitiveness of facilitated transport membranes.展开更多
With the increasing consumption of non renewable resources such as oil,the traditional polymer manufacturing industry that relies on fossil resources is facing unprecedented challenges.The design,synthesis,and recycli...With the increasing consumption of non renewable resources such as oil,the traditional polymer manufacturing industry that relies on fossil resources is facing unprecedented challenges.The design,synthesis,and recycling of renewable and environmentally friendly bio-based polymers as alternatives to petroleum based polymers have become hot topics in research and industrial fields.Biomass has been used as a raw material to design and synthesize closed-loop recyclable polymers,which is of great significance in addressing the waste of resources and negative impact on the environment in the traditional polymer preparation process.This review summarized recent advances in the design,synthesis,and properties of closed-loop recyclable bio-based polymers,focusing on the sustainability and recyclability of bio-based materials,followed by a brief discussion of the potential applications of closed-loop recyclable bio-based polymers in emerging applications such as 3D printing and friction electric nanogenerators.In addition,perspectives and recommendations for future research on closedloop recyclable bio-based polymers were presented.展开更多
Intracellular polymerization is an emerging field,showcasing high diversity and efficiency of chemistry.Motivated by the principles of natural biomolecular synthesis,polymerization within living cells is believed to b...Intracellular polymerization is an emerging field,showcasing high diversity and efficiency of chemistry.Motivated by the principles of natural biomolecular synthesis,polymerization within living cells is believed to be a powerful and versatile tool to modulate cell behavior.In this review,we summarized recent advances and future trends in the field of intracellular polymerization,specifically focusing on covalent and supramolecular polymerization.This discussion comprehensively covers the diverse chemical designs,reaction mechanisms,responsive features,and functional applications.Furthermore,we also clarified the connection between preliminary design of polymer synthesis and their subsequent biological applications.We hope this review will serve as an innovative platform for chemists and biologists to regulate biological functions in practical applications and clinical trials.展开更多
The ongoing operation of subway systems makes existing tunnels vulnerable to deformations and structural damage caused by adjacent foundation pit construction.Such deformations-manifesting as horizontal displacement,h...The ongoing operation of subway systems makes existing tunnels vulnerable to deformations and structural damage caused by adjacent foundation pit construction.Such deformations-manifesting as horizontal displacement,heightened lateral convergence,and internal force redistribution-may significantly compromise subway operational safety.Grouting remediation has become a widely adopted solution for tunnel deformation control and structural reinforcement.Developing optimized grouting materials is crucial for improving remediation effectiveness,ensuring structural integrity,and maintaining uninterrupted subway operations.This investigation explores the substitution of fine mortar aggregates with 0.1 mm discarded rubber particles at varying concentrations(0%,3%,6%,9%,12%,and 15%).Experimental parameters included three water-cement ratios(0.65,0.70,and 0.75)with constant 4%WPU content.Mechanical properties including compressive strength,flexural strength,and compression-to-bending ratio were evaluated across specified curing periods.Material characterization employed Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR)spectroscopy for molecular analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)for microstructural examination.Results indicate optimal toughness at 0.70 water-cement ratio with 6%rubber content,meeting mechanical pumping specifications while maintaining structural performance.展开更多
Benefiting from the low cost and high abundance of potassium resources,K-based batteries have attracted numerous research interest as a more sustainable battery chemist,particularly when considering the enormous deman...Benefiting from the low cost and high abundance of potassium resources,K-based batteries have attracted numerous research interest as a more sustainable battery chemist,particularly when considering the enormous demand for sustainable energy storage while limiting Li sources for Li-based batteries.However,the much larger size of the K-ion usually leads to the serious electrodes'volumetric expansion with rapid capacity fading,making the pursuit of electrodes for potassium storage with high capacity and high stability a significant challenge.The polymer electrode materials have been considered promising materials to address these issues due to their porous characteristics,insolubility in electrolytes,and flexible structural design at a molecular level.In this review,we outline the recent advancements in redox-active polymer electrodes,including anode and cathode,materials for K-based batteries,including crystalline porous coordination polymers,crystalline covalent organic polymers,amorphous polymers,and polymer composites.We discuss the electrode designs,electrochemical performances,and K-ion storage mechanism,with a focus on their structure-function correlations.With this knowledge,we propose the perspectives and challenges in designing advanced polymer electrode materials for K-based batteries.We expect this review will shed light on the further development of reliable polymer electrode materials.展开更多
The development of flexible supercapacitors(FSCs) capable of operating at high temperatures is crucial for expanding the application areas and operating conditions of supercapacitors. Gel polymer electrolytes and elec...The development of flexible supercapacitors(FSCs) capable of operating at high temperatures is crucial for expanding the application areas and operating conditions of supercapacitors. Gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials stand as two key components that significantly impact the efficacy of hightemperature-tolerant FSCs(HT-FSCs). They should not only exhibit high electrochemical performance and excellent flexibility, but also withstand intense thermal stress. Considerable efforts have been devoted to enhancing their thermal stability while maintaining high electrochemical and mechanical performance. In this review, the fundamentals of HT-FSCs are outlined. A comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art progress and achievements in HT-FSCs, with a focus on thermally stable gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials is provided. Finally, challenges and future perspectives regarding HT-FSCs are discussed, alongside strategies for elevating operational temperatures and performance.This review offers both theoretical foundations and practical guidelines for designing and manufacturing HT-FSCs, further promoting their widespread adoption across diverse fields.展开更多
Capsaicin-containing polymer materials with functional structure were successfully prepared by simple free radical poly-merization of capsaicin functional monomers(Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP))with 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone.Compar...Capsaicin-containing polymer materials with functional structure were successfully prepared by simple free radical poly-merization of capsaicin functional monomers(Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP))with 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone.Compared with pure capsaicin polymer,the adsorption content of the obtained Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP)increased by more than 3 times,which has huge potential research value.The composition and morphology of Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP)before and after adsorption were analyzed using XRD,FT-IR,XPS,SEM and TEM.The mechanism of the adsorption process was summarized,through the study of the optimal molar ratio of reactants,acid-base environment,adsorption model fitting,characterization data results,and pollutant competition experiments.The following conclusions can be drawn:1)The pseudo-second-order kinetic model better matches the adsorption kinetics of partial Cr(VI).2)Part of the restored Cr(III)is trapped by specific groups on Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP)and part of the Cr(III)is released back into solution.3)The adsorption mechanism includes ion exchange,coordination and chemical bonding.4)The highest adsorp-tion capacity of the polymeric material was up to 370.59 mg/g when the molar ratio of reactants was AMTHBA:NVP=2:8.This work not only provides ideas for the synthesis of capsaicin structural and functional polymers,but also provides inspiration for wastewater treatment measures.展开更多
The concept of self-healing that involves a built-in ability to heal in response to damage wherever and whenever it occurs in a material,analogous to the healing process in living organisms,has emerged a couple of dec...The concept of self-healing that involves a built-in ability to heal in response to damage wherever and whenever it occurs in a material,analogous to the healing process in living organisms,has emerged a couple of decades ago.Driven primarily by the demands for life-like materials and soft smart materials,therefore,the development of self-healing polymeric hydrogels has continually attracted the attention of the scientific community.Here,this review is intended to give an in-depth overview of the state-of-the-art advances in the field of self-healing polymeric hydrogels.Specifically,recently emerging trends in self-healing polymeric hydrogels are summarized,and notably,recommendations to endow these hydrogels with fascinating multi-functionalities including luminescence,conductivity/magnetism and shape memory etc are presented.To close,the current challenges and future opportunities in this field are also discussed.展开更多
The dynamic mechanical behavior of a novel polymeric composite damping material has been investigated in this article. The composite consists of chlorinated polyethylene （CPE）, N,N-dicyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsufen...The dynamic mechanical behavior of a novel polymeric composite damping material has been investigated in this article. The composite consists of chlorinated polyethylene （CPE）, N,N-dicyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsufenamide （DZ）, 4,4＇-thio-bis（3-methyl-6-tert-buthylphenol） （BPSR） and vapor-grown carbon fiber （VGCF）. It is found that either the position or the intensity of damping peak can be controlled by changing the composition of CPE/DZ/BPSR composite. Within a certain composition region, damping peak maximum depends on CPE/DZ ratio, whereas damping peak position is controlled by BPSR content. Moreover, the improvement of storage modulus can be achieved by incorporation of VGCF. These results may imply that a damping material possessing both good damping properties and high strength can be designed and obtained.展开更多
Polymeric materials with excellent performance are the foundation for developing high-level technology and advanced manufacturing.Polymeric material genome engineering(PMGE)is becoming a vital platform for the intelli...Polymeric materials with excellent performance are the foundation for developing high-level technology and advanced manufacturing.Polymeric material genome engineering(PMGE)is becoming a vital platform for the intelligent manufacturing of polymeric materials.However,the development of PMGE is still in its infancy,and many issues remain to be addressed.In this perspective,we elaborate on the PMGE concepts,summarize the state-of-the-art research and achievements,and highlight the challenges and prospects in this field.In particular,we focus on property estimation approaches,including property proxy prediction and machine learning prediction of polymer properties.The potential engineering applications of PMGE are discussed,including the fields of advanced composites,polymeric materials for communications,and integrated circuits.展开更多
We used both correlation and covariance-principal component analysis (PCA) to classify the same absorption-reflectance data collected from 13 different polymeric fabric materials that was obtained using Attenuated Tot...We used both correlation and covariance-principal component analysis (PCA) to classify the same absorption-reflectance data collected from 13 different polymeric fabric materials that was obtained using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The application of the two techniques, though similar, yielded results that represent different chemical properties of the polymeric substances. On one hand, correlation-PCA enabled the classification of the fabric materials according to the organic functional groups of their repeating monomer units. On the other hand, covariance-PCA was used to classify the fabric materials primarily according to their origins;natural (animal or plant) or synthetic. Hence besides major chemical functional groups of the repeat units, it appears covariance-PCA is also sensitive to other characteristic chemical (inorganic and/or organic) or biochemical material inclusions that are found in different samples. We therefore recommend the application of both covariance-PCA and correlation-PCA on datasets, whenever applicable, to enable a broader classification of spectroscopic information through data mining and exploration.展开更多
Polymeric materials from renewable resources have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. The development and utilization of vegetable oils for polymeric materials are currently in the spotlight of the polymer a...Polymeric materials from renewable resources have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. The development and utilization of vegetable oils for polymeric materials are currently in the spotlight of the polymer and chemical industry, as they are the largest renewable platform due to their universal wide availability, ingrained biodegradability, low cost, and excellent environmental aspects (i.e., low ecotoxicity and low toxicity toward humans). These excellent natural characteristics are now being taken advantage of in research and development, with vegetable oil derived polymers/polymeric materials/composites being used in numerous applications including paints and coatings, adhesives, and nanocomposites. The aim of this review paper is to give a fundamental description of the various vegetable oil applications in polymer materials and its recent developments. Particular emphasis will be placed on study and main application of triglyceride based additive for polymer and to give the reader an insight into the main developments is discussed.展开更多
Phase Change Materials(PCMs)have high thermal inertia,and hemp concrete(HC),a bio-based concrete,has strong hygroscopic behavior.In previous studies,PCM has been extensively combined with many materials,however,most o...Phase Change Materials(PCMs)have high thermal inertia,and hemp concrete(HC),a bio-based concrete,has strong hygroscopic behavior.In previous studies,PCM has been extensively combined with many materials,however,most of these studies focused on thermal properties while neglecting hygroscopic aspects.In this study,the two materials have been combined into a building envelope and the related hygrothermal properties have been studied.In particular,numerical studies have been performed to investigate the temperature and relative humidity behavior inside the HC,and the effect of adding PCM on the hygrothermal behavior of the HC.The results show that there is a high coupling between temperature and relative humidity inside the HC,since the relative humidity changes on the second and third days are different,with values of 8%and 4%,respectively.Also,the variation of relative humidity with temperature indicates the dominant influence of temperature on relative humidity variation.With the presence of PCM,the temperature variation inside the HC is damped due to the high thermal inertia of the PCM,which also leads to suppression of moisture evaporation and thus damping of relative humidity variation.On the second and third days,the temperature changes at the central position are reduced by 4.6%and 5.1%,compared to the quarter position.For the relative humidity change,the reductions are 5.3%and 5.4%on the second and third days,respectively.Therefore,PCM,with high thermal inertia,acts as a temperature damper and has the potential to increase the moisture buffering capacity inside the HC.This makes it possible for such a combined envelope to have both thermal and hygric inertia.展开更多
Theoretical and experimental research has been performed on the interaction curves and stress paths of crystalline polymeric materials PE and POM under tensile-torsional stress with a linearly intensifying model and i...Theoretical and experimental research has been performed on the interaction curves and stress paths of crystalline polymeric materials PE and POM under tensile-torsional stress with a linearly intensifying model and in terms of the yield points undergoing Von Mises criterion.展开更多
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB3800900)Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen,China(No.3502Z202371004)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52473150,51925305,52173115,51873208,51833010,and 52203183)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.20720230004)the Talent Cultivation Project Funds for the Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(No.HRTP-[2022]52).
文摘Pulmonary diseases have long posed a severe threat to human life and health.The incidence and mortality rates of pulmonary diseases have shown a rising trend year by year,highlighting the urgency of developing safe and effective therapeutic approaches.In recent years,to address the challenges faced by traditional treatment strategies for pulmonary diseases,the interdisciplinary integration has greatly promoted the rapid development of biomedical polymer materials in the field of pulmonary disease treatment.This review provides a detailed description of the structural characteristics of lung tissue,types of pulmonary diseases,traditional treatment methods,the categories and properties of biomedical polymer materials applied to pulmonary diseases.We systematically elaborate on the applications of biomedical polymer materials in the treatment of different pulmonary diseases and thoroughly discuss their functional roles in pulmonary diseases,particularly in the delivery of therapeutic agents to diseased sites,the formation of pulmonary aerosol formulations,and the facilitation of the effective accumulation of therapeutic agents.The latest research progresses of biomedical polymer materials are also introduced in pulmonary disease treatment.We have highlighted the current challenges and development opportunities of biomedical polymer materials in the treatment of pulmonary diseases,and provide future research directions for biomedical polymer materials in this field.This review will provide valuable reference for the basic research and clinical application of biomedical polymer materials in pulmonary disease treatment.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(222102230031)Key Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province(23A430018)Natural Science Foundation of Henan(252300420267).
文摘The current global shortage of oil resources and the pollution problems caused by traditional barrier materials urgently require the search for new substitutes.Biodegradable bio-based barrier materials possess the characteristics of being renewable,environmentally friendly,and having excellent barrier properties.They have become an important choice in fields such as food packaging,agricultural film covering,and medical protection.This review systematically analyzes the design and research of this type of material,classifying biobased and biodegradable barrier materials based on the sources of raw materials and synthesis pathways.It also provides a detailed introduction to the latest research progress of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,discussing the synthesis methods and improvement measures of their barrier properties.Subsequently,it analyzes the related technologies for enhancing the barrier properties of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,and finally looks forward to the directions that future research should focus on,promoting the transition of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials from the laboratory to industrial applications.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22293011,T2341001)the Major Science and Technology Project of Anhui Province(202203a06020010).
文摘Epoxy resins are widely employed in wind turbine blades,drone rotors,and automotive interiors due to their excel-lent mechani-cal proper-ties and long service life.However,their insoluble and infusible cross-linked networks pose a significant re-cycling challenge,particularly with the impending retirement of the first generation of wind turbine blades.In this work,we reported a fully bio-based epoxy Vitrimer(FEP)incorporat-ing a dual-dynamic covalent network design and systematically investigated the influence of the 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene(TBD)catalyst on its curing kinetics,thermal/mechan-ical properties,dynamic exchange behavior,and degradation performance in a mild alkaline solution.Compared to conventional epoxy resins,FEP exhibited superior tensile strength and elongation at break at an optimal TBD concentration(2 wt%),achieving an excellent strength-toughness balance.The presence of TBD accelerated the exchange rates of both disulfide and ester bonds,endowing FEP with notable stress relaxation at elevated tempera-tures.Moreover,FEP demonstrated complete dissolution in 1 mol/L NaOH within 6 h at 25℃.These results underscored the exceptional strength,toughness,and recyclability of FEP,positioning it as a promising,environmentally friendly matrix resin for next-generation appli-cations in the new energy sector.
基金supported by the intramural research program of the U.S.Department of Agriculture,National Institute of Food and Agriculture,Biobased Economy Through Biobased Products,under Award#2023-68016-40132.
文摘This study explores a novel method for processing cotton stalks—an abundant agricultural byproduct—into long strips that serve as sustainable raw material for engineered bio-based panels.To evaluate the effect of raw material morphology on panel’s performance,two types of cotton stalk-based panels were developed:one using long strips,maintaining fiber continuity,and the other using ground particles,representing conventional processing.A wood strand-based panel made from commercial southern yellow pine strands served as the control.All panels were bonded using phenol-formaldehyde resin and hot-pressed to a target thickness of 12.7 mm and density of 640 kg/m^(3).Their mechanical and physical properties were evaluated through internal bond,bending,thickness swelling,and water absorption tests.Both cotton stalk-based panels showed improved bonding performance compared to the control.The internal bond of the strip-based panel was nearly four times higher than that of the control,while the particlebased panel exceeded it by a factor of two.The strip-based panel showed approximately 15% lower bending stiffness than the wood strand-based panel,yet it surpassed it in load-carrying capacity by 5%.In contrast,the particleboard showed significantly lower bending performance than the strip-based and control panels,despite particle processing being a more conventional method.Both cotton stalk-based panels exhibited higher water absorption and thickness swelling than the wood strand panel.Overall,cotton stalk-based panels—particularly those using strip processing—show promisingmechanical properties,suggesting potential applications in sheathing,furniture,and interior paneling.However,improvements in dimensional stability are needed for broader use.
文摘PKU:The super fibers combine strength and toughness In impact protection applications such as ballistic armor,vehicle shielding,and aerospace,the dynamic strength and dynamic toughness of fiber materials are critical performance indicators determining protective efficacy.However,widely used polymeric fibers still face significant challenges preventing full utilization of the material’s intrinsic strength and toughness.
基金supported by the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant No.2508085J006)CASHIPS Director's Fund (Grant No.YZJJ202207-CX)。
文摘The zigzag nitrogen chain,similar to the Ch-N structure,has long been considered as a potential high-energy-density structure.However,all the previously predicted zigzag N-chain structures,similar to Ch-N,exhibited imaginary frequencies in their phonon spectra at 0 GPa.Here,we conducted a systematic investigation of P-N compounds using first-principles calculations,uncovering a series of structurally similar stable phases,C2/m-PN_(x)(x=6,8,10,12,and 14),in which N forms zigzag N chains similar to those in Ch-N.In P-N compounds,the longest zigzag N-chain,which can theoretically remain stable under ambient pressure,is the N-chain composed of 14 N atoms in C2/m-PN14.If the N-chain continues to grow,imaginary interchain vibrational frequencies arise in the system.Notably,N chains with an even number of atoms were more likely to be energetically favorable.The five C2/m-PN_(x) phases and one metastable phase(R-PN_(6))exhibited remarkable stability and excellent detonability at ambient pressure,indicating that they are promising candidates for high-energy-density materials.In addition,R-PN_(6) was the first structure to stabilize the N_(6) ring through covalent bonding,with the covalent network contributing to its high hardness(47.59 GPa).
文摘Facilitated transport membranes for post-combustion carbon capture are one of the technologies to achieve efficient and large-scale capture.The central principle is to utilize the affinity of CO_(2) for the carrier to achieve efficient separation and to break the Robson upper bound.This paper reviews the progress of facilitated transport membranes research regarding polymer materials,principles,and problems faced at this stage.Firstly,we briefly introduce the transport mechanism of the facilitated transport membranes.Then the research progress of several major polymers used for facilitated transport membranes for CO_(2)/N_(2) separation was presented in the past five years.Additionally,we analyze the primary challenges of facilitated transport membranes,including the influence of water,the effect of temperature,the saturation effect of the carrier,and the process configuration.Finally,we also delve into the challenges and competitiveness of facilitated transport membranes.
基金Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32471815 and 32401528)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China(Grant Nos.BK20241745 and BK20240294).
文摘With the increasing consumption of non renewable resources such as oil,the traditional polymer manufacturing industry that relies on fossil resources is facing unprecedented challenges.The design,synthesis,and recycling of renewable and environmentally friendly bio-based polymers as alternatives to petroleum based polymers have become hot topics in research and industrial fields.Biomass has been used as a raw material to design and synthesize closed-loop recyclable polymers,which is of great significance in addressing the waste of resources and negative impact on the environment in the traditional polymer preparation process.This review summarized recent advances in the design,synthesis,and properties of closed-loop recyclable bio-based polymers,focusing on the sustainability and recyclability of bio-based materials,followed by a brief discussion of the potential applications of closed-loop recyclable bio-based polymers in emerging applications such as 3D printing and friction electric nanogenerators.In addition,perspectives and recommendations for future research on closedloop recyclable bio-based polymers were presented.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFA0915300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52233012,22405212 and22471219)the Funds for Creative Research Groups of China of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21821001)。
文摘Intracellular polymerization is an emerging field,showcasing high diversity and efficiency of chemistry.Motivated by the principles of natural biomolecular synthesis,polymerization within living cells is believed to be a powerful and versatile tool to modulate cell behavior.In this review,we summarized recent advances and future trends in the field of intracellular polymerization,specifically focusing on covalent and supramolecular polymerization.This discussion comprehensively covers the diverse chemical designs,reaction mechanisms,responsive features,and functional applications.Furthermore,we also clarified the connection between preliminary design of polymer synthesis and their subsequent biological applications.We hope this review will serve as an innovative platform for chemists and biologists to regulate biological functions in practical applications and clinical trials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant Nos.42477185,41602308the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant No.LY20E080005+2 种基金the Zhejiang Province University Students Science and Technology Innovation Program,Grant No.0201310P28the PostGraduate Course Construction Project of Zhejiang University of Science and Technology,Grant No.2021yjskj05the Zhejiang University of Science and Technology Graduate Research and Innovation Fund,Grant No.2023yjskc10.
文摘The ongoing operation of subway systems makes existing tunnels vulnerable to deformations and structural damage caused by adjacent foundation pit construction.Such deformations-manifesting as horizontal displacement,heightened lateral convergence,and internal force redistribution-may significantly compromise subway operational safety.Grouting remediation has become a widely adopted solution for tunnel deformation control and structural reinforcement.Developing optimized grouting materials is crucial for improving remediation effectiveness,ensuring structural integrity,and maintaining uninterrupted subway operations.This investigation explores the substitution of fine mortar aggregates with 0.1 mm discarded rubber particles at varying concentrations(0%,3%,6%,9%,12%,and 15%).Experimental parameters included three water-cement ratios(0.65,0.70,and 0.75)with constant 4%WPU content.Mechanical properties including compressive strength,flexural strength,and compression-to-bending ratio were evaluated across specified curing periods.Material characterization employed Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR)spectroscopy for molecular analysis and Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)for microstructural examination.Results indicate optimal toughness at 0.70 water-cement ratio with 6%rubber content,meeting mechanical pumping specifications while maintaining structural performance.
基金financially supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Nos.2022B1515020001,2024A1515010277)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22109052,52202221)+1 种基金Guangzhou Science and Technology Program(No.2024A04J3899)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.21624410)。
文摘Benefiting from the low cost and high abundance of potassium resources,K-based batteries have attracted numerous research interest as a more sustainable battery chemist,particularly when considering the enormous demand for sustainable energy storage while limiting Li sources for Li-based batteries.However,the much larger size of the K-ion usually leads to the serious electrodes'volumetric expansion with rapid capacity fading,making the pursuit of electrodes for potassium storage with high capacity and high stability a significant challenge.The polymer electrode materials have been considered promising materials to address these issues due to their porous characteristics,insolubility in electrolytes,and flexible structural design at a molecular level.In this review,we outline the recent advancements in redox-active polymer electrodes,including anode and cathode,materials for K-based batteries,including crystalline porous coordination polymers,crystalline covalent organic polymers,amorphous polymers,and polymer composites.We discuss the electrode designs,electrochemical performances,and K-ion storage mechanism,with a focus on their structure-function correlations.With this knowledge,we propose the perspectives and challenges in designing advanced polymer electrode materials for K-based batteries.We expect this review will shed light on the further development of reliable polymer electrode materials.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No. SWU-KT22030)Scientific and Technological Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission of China (No.KJQN202300205)financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under the project of 457444676。
文摘The development of flexible supercapacitors(FSCs) capable of operating at high temperatures is crucial for expanding the application areas and operating conditions of supercapacitors. Gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials stand as two key components that significantly impact the efficacy of hightemperature-tolerant FSCs(HT-FSCs). They should not only exhibit high electrochemical performance and excellent flexibility, but also withstand intense thermal stress. Considerable efforts have been devoted to enhancing their thermal stability while maintaining high electrochemical and mechanical performance. In this review, the fundamentals of HT-FSCs are outlined. A comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art progress and achievements in HT-FSCs, with a focus on thermally stable gel polymer electrolytes and electrode materials is provided. Finally, challenges and future perspectives regarding HT-FSCs are discussed, alongside strategies for elevating operational temperatures and performance.This review offers both theoretical foundations and practical guidelines for designing and manufacturing HT-FSCs, further promoting their widespread adoption across diverse fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(No.U22A20112)the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.522CXTD520)the Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province(No.ZDYF2021GXJS029).
文摘Capsaicin-containing polymer materials with functional structure were successfully prepared by simple free radical poly-merization of capsaicin functional monomers(Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP))with 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone.Compared with pure capsaicin polymer,the adsorption content of the obtained Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP)increased by more than 3 times,which has huge potential research value.The composition and morphology of Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP)before and after adsorption were analyzed using XRD,FT-IR,XPS,SEM and TEM.The mechanism of the adsorption process was summarized,through the study of the optimal molar ratio of reactants,acid-base environment,adsorption model fitting,characterization data results,and pollutant competition experiments.The following conclusions can be drawn:1)The pseudo-second-order kinetic model better matches the adsorption kinetics of partial Cr(VI).2)Part of the restored Cr(III)is trapped by specific groups on Poly(AMTHBA-co-NVP)and part of the Cr(III)is released back into solution.3)The adsorption mechanism includes ion exchange,coordination and chemical bonding.4)The highest adsorp-tion capacity of the polymeric material was up to 370.59 mg/g when the molar ratio of reactants was AMTHBA:NVP=2:8.This work not only provides ideas for the synthesis of capsaicin structural and functional polymers,but also provides inspiration for wastewater treatment measures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51773215,21774138)the Sino-German Mobility Programme(No.M-0424)+4 种基金Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.QYZDB-SSW-SLH036)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2019297)Xiaoling Zuo is grateful for the financial supported by Science and Technology Fund of Guizhou Provinee,China(No.[2020]1 Y209)the Overseas Talents Selection Fund of Guizhou Province,China(No.[2020]11)Fund Project of Guizhou Minzu University,China(No.GZMU[2019]YB23).
文摘The concept of self-healing that involves a built-in ability to heal in response to damage wherever and whenever it occurs in a material,analogous to the healing process in living organisms,has emerged a couple of decades ago.Driven primarily by the demands for life-like materials and soft smart materials,therefore,the development of self-healing polymeric hydrogels has continually attracted the attention of the scientific community.Here,this review is intended to give an in-depth overview of the state-of-the-art advances in the field of self-healing polymeric hydrogels.Specifically,recently emerging trends in self-healing polymeric hydrogels are summarized,and notably,recommendations to endow these hydrogels with fascinating multi-functionalities including luminescence,conductivity/magnetism and shape memory etc are presented.To close,the current challenges and future opportunities in this field are also discussed.
基金supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(R503223)
文摘The dynamic mechanical behavior of a novel polymeric composite damping material has been investigated in this article. The composite consists of chlorinated polyethylene （CPE）, N,N-dicyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolylsufenamide （DZ）, 4,4＇-thio-bis（3-methyl-6-tert-buthylphenol） （BPSR） and vapor-grown carbon fiber （VGCF）. It is found that either the position or the intensity of damping peak can be controlled by changing the composition of CPE/DZ/BPSR composite. Within a certain composition region, damping peak maximum depends on CPE/DZ ratio, whereas damping peak position is controlled by BPSR content. Moreover, the improvement of storage modulus can be achieved by incorporation of VGCF. These results may imply that a damping material possessing both good damping properties and high strength can be designed and obtained.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22103025,51833003,22173030,21975073,and 51621002).
文摘Polymeric materials with excellent performance are the foundation for developing high-level technology and advanced manufacturing.Polymeric material genome engineering(PMGE)is becoming a vital platform for the intelligent manufacturing of polymeric materials.However,the development of PMGE is still in its infancy,and many issues remain to be addressed.In this perspective,we elaborate on the PMGE concepts,summarize the state-of-the-art research and achievements,and highlight the challenges and prospects in this field.In particular,we focus on property estimation approaches,including property proxy prediction and machine learning prediction of polymer properties.The potential engineering applications of PMGE are discussed,including the fields of advanced composites,polymeric materials for communications,and integrated circuits.
文摘We used both correlation and covariance-principal component analysis (PCA) to classify the same absorption-reflectance data collected from 13 different polymeric fabric materials that was obtained using Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The application of the two techniques, though similar, yielded results that represent different chemical properties of the polymeric substances. On one hand, correlation-PCA enabled the classification of the fabric materials according to the organic functional groups of their repeating monomer units. On the other hand, covariance-PCA was used to classify the fabric materials primarily according to their origins;natural (animal or plant) or synthetic. Hence besides major chemical functional groups of the repeat units, it appears covariance-PCA is also sensitive to other characteristic chemical (inorganic and/or organic) or biochemical material inclusions that are found in different samples. We therefore recommend the application of both covariance-PCA and correlation-PCA on datasets, whenever applicable, to enable a broader classification of spectroscopic information through data mining and exploration.
文摘Polymeric materials from renewable resources have attracted a lot of attention in recent years. The development and utilization of vegetable oils for polymeric materials are currently in the spotlight of the polymer and chemical industry, as they are the largest renewable platform due to their universal wide availability, ingrained biodegradability, low cost, and excellent environmental aspects (i.e., low ecotoxicity and low toxicity toward humans). These excellent natural characteristics are now being taken advantage of in research and development, with vegetable oil derived polymers/polymeric materials/composites being used in numerous applications including paints and coatings, adhesives, and nanocomposites. The aim of this review paper is to give a fundamental description of the various vegetable oil applications in polymer materials and its recent developments. Particular emphasis will be placed on study and main application of triglyceride based additive for polymer and to give the reader an insight into the main developments is discussed.
基金We thank to the China Scholarship Council(CSC)for its financial support to the first author,No.201808120084.
文摘Phase Change Materials(PCMs)have high thermal inertia,and hemp concrete(HC),a bio-based concrete,has strong hygroscopic behavior.In previous studies,PCM has been extensively combined with many materials,however,most of these studies focused on thermal properties while neglecting hygroscopic aspects.In this study,the two materials have been combined into a building envelope and the related hygrothermal properties have been studied.In particular,numerical studies have been performed to investigate the temperature and relative humidity behavior inside the HC,and the effect of adding PCM on the hygrothermal behavior of the HC.The results show that there is a high coupling between temperature and relative humidity inside the HC,since the relative humidity changes on the second and third days are different,with values of 8%and 4%,respectively.Also,the variation of relative humidity with temperature indicates the dominant influence of temperature on relative humidity variation.With the presence of PCM,the temperature variation inside the HC is damped due to the high thermal inertia of the PCM,which also leads to suppression of moisture evaporation and thus damping of relative humidity variation.On the second and third days,the temperature changes at the central position are reduced by 4.6%and 5.1%,compared to the quarter position.For the relative humidity change,the reductions are 5.3%and 5.4%on the second and third days,respectively.Therefore,PCM,with high thermal inertia,acts as a temperature damper and has the potential to increase the moisture buffering capacity inside the HC.This makes it possible for such a combined envelope to have both thermal and hygric inertia.
文摘Theoretical and experimental research has been performed on the interaction curves and stress paths of crystalline polymeric materials PE and POM under tensile-torsional stress with a linearly intensifying model and in terms of the yield points undergoing Von Mises criterion.
