Epoxy resins are widely employed in wind turbine blades,drone rotors,and automotive interiors due to their excel-lent mechani-cal proper-ties and long service life.However,their insoluble and infusible cross-linked ne...Epoxy resins are widely employed in wind turbine blades,drone rotors,and automotive interiors due to their excel-lent mechani-cal proper-ties and long service life.However,their insoluble and infusible cross-linked networks pose a significant re-cycling challenge,particularly with the impending retirement of the first generation of wind turbine blades.In this work,we reported a fully bio-based epoxy Vitrimer(FEP)incorporat-ing a dual-dynamic covalent network design and systematically investigated the influence of the 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene(TBD)catalyst on its curing kinetics,thermal/mechan-ical properties,dynamic exchange behavior,and degradation performance in a mild alkaline solution.Compared to conventional epoxy resins,FEP exhibited superior tensile strength and elongation at break at an optimal TBD concentration(2 wt%),achieving an excellent strength-toughness balance.The presence of TBD accelerated the exchange rates of both disulfide and ester bonds,endowing FEP with notable stress relaxation at elevated tempera-tures.Moreover,FEP demonstrated complete dissolution in 1 mol/L NaOH within 6 h at 25℃.These results underscored the exceptional strength,toughness,and recyclability of FEP,positioning it as a promising,environmentally friendly matrix resin for next-generation appli-cations in the new energy sector.展开更多
Developing green and efficient methods to acquire lignocellulose-based chemicals with high added value is beneficial for facilitating green chemistry and sustainable development.The goal of this study is to demonstrat...Developing green and efficient methods to acquire lignocellulose-based chemicals with high added value is beneficial for facilitating green chemistry and sustainable development.The goal of this study is to demonstrate that bio-based benzaldehyde,a noteworthy high-value chemical,is able to be directionally prepared from lignocellulosic biomass.This new control-lable transformation was materialized by uniting catalytic-pyrolysis of lignocellulose to toluene intermediate and catalytic oxidation of toluene intermediate to bio-based benzalde-hyde.This work also developed a highly active magnetic catalyst(CoFe_(2)O_(4)@Biochar(HTR)),achieving 77.1%benzaldehyde selectivity and 46.7%benzaldehyde yield using this catalyst.It was found that introducing the biochar carrier into the cobalt iron composite metal oxide cat-alyst enhanced hydroxyl radical formation and bio-based benzaldehyde synthesis.Based on catalyst characterizations and hydroxyl radical analysis,potential reaction mechanism for bio-based benzaldehyde synthesis was proposed.This strategy may provide a beneficial pathway for developing high-value bio-based chemical(benzaldehyde)using renewable lignocellulosic biomass.展开更多
Carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics(CFRP)with improved mechanical properties based on modified epoxy binders were investigated in this study.By adding 15 parts by weight(p.b.w.)of copolymer of polysulfone with cardo phth...Carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics(CFRP)with improved mechanical properties based on modified epoxy binders were investigated in this study.By adding 15 parts by weight(p.b.w.)of copolymer of polysulfone with cardo phthalide group(PSFP-70C)to the epoxyanhydride binder,the flexural strength of the epoxy polymer was increased by 60%,the CFRP based on it by 57%,the flexural modulus of the epoxy polymer was increased by 83%,and the composite by 96%.The adhesion strength of the binder to carbon fiber reached a high level at 10 p.b.w.of thermoplastic modifier and increased by 65%compared to the unmodified binder.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)was used to determine that in epoxyanhydride systems with a polysulfone content of 5–15 p.b.w.,the structure belongs to the"matrix dispersion"type and with a content of 20 p.b.w.to the"interpenetrating phase"type.A heterogeneous structure was also observed using dynamic mechanical analysis.展开更多
With the increasing accumulation of plastic pollutants in various environments,research on microorganisms(including bacteria,fungi,and algae)with plastic degradation capabilities has gained significant attention.Howev...With the increasing accumulation of plastic pollutants in various environments,research on microorganisms(including bacteria,fungi,and algae)with plastic degradation capabilities has gained significant attention.However,only a limited number of microbial plastic-degrading enzymes have been identified to date.This highlights that the degradation mechanisms employed by many plastic-degrading microorganisms,particularly filamentous fungi,remain insufficiently explored.In this study,we utilized a versatile fungal plasmid(pCT74)to express green fluorescent protein(GFP)in a marine-derived fungus Alternaria alternata strain FB1 with plastic degradation capabilities.Upon evaluating the degradation effect of polyester-type polyurethane(PU)film,we observed that different transformants exhibited three kinds of activities(the same,reduced,or enhanced degradation capability)compared to the FB1 wild-type strain.Further analysis of the plasmid fragment insertion sites in different transformants revealed that pCT74 integrates randomly into the genome of the host fungus.Notably,a direct correlation was found between the plasmid insertion site and the degradation capability of the corresponding transformant.Our findings not only redefine the potential applications of plasmid pCT74 in filamentous fungi but also show a novel research approach to identifying key enzymes involved in plastic degradation by fungi.展开更多
This study examines the literature on bio-based and biodegradable plastics published between 2000 and 2021 and provides insights and research suggestions for the future.The study gathers data from the Scopus and ISI W...This study examines the literature on bio-based and biodegradable plastics published between 2000 and 2021 and provides insights and research suggestions for the future.The study gathers data from the Scopus and ISI Web of Science databases,then picks 1042 publications objectively and analyses their metadata.Furthermore,144 papers from the Web of Science are analysed to present insights and classifications of the literature based on content analyses,including assessment/evaluation of the sustainability of bio-based and biodegradable Plastics,sustainability of biodegradable Plastics,and factors driving the uptake of biodegradable plastics.The study finds that most research on bio-based and biodegradable plastic film evaluations considered only one dimension of sustainability,few considered two dimensions,and very few considered three dimensions.Though,in recent years,academic and industrial interest has grown dramatically in biodegradable plastics towards sustainability.The triple bottom line method in this report(economic benefit,social responsibility,and environmental protection)was employed to assess the biodegradable plastics towards sustainability.Top journals,Influential authors,top contributing institutions,top contributing nations,and contributions by fields are all identified in this study.This research gives a detailed but straightforward theoretical design of bio-based and biodegradable polymers.The study’s results and future research initiatives provide a new path for further investigation and contribution to the field.展开更多
Traditional packaging plastics derived from fossil fuels for perishable foods have caused severe environmental pollution and resource depletion.To promote sustainable development and reduce wastage of perishable produ...Traditional packaging plastics derived from fossil fuels for perishable foods have caused severe environmental pollution and resource depletion.To promote sustainable development and reduce wastage of perishable products,there is a significant challenge in developing biobased packaging plastics that offer excellent preservation,satisfactory mechanical performance,and inherent degradability.In this study,poly(urethane-urea)(PUU)plastics are fabricated using a one-pot polyaddition reaction involving castor oil(CO),tannic acid(TA),lysine-derived ethyl 2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate(LDI),and H2O.The resulting PUU plastics demonstrate a high breaking strength of about 32.7 MPa and a strain at break of ca.102%.Due to the reversibility of hydrogen bonds,PUU plastics can be easily shaped into various forms.They are non-cytotoxic and suitable for food packaging.With a high TA content of ca.38.2 wt%,PUU plastics exhibit excellent antioxidant capacity.Consequently,PUU plastics show outstanding freshness preservation performance,extending the shelf life of cherry tomatoes and winter jujubes for at least 8 days at room temperature.Importantly,PUU plastics can autonomously degrade into non-toxic substances within ca.298 days when buried in soil.展开更多
To better understand the migration behavior of plastic fragments in the environment,development of rapid non-destructive methods for in-situ identification and characterization of plastic fragments is necessary.Howeve...To better understand the migration behavior of plastic fragments in the environment,development of rapid non-destructive methods for in-situ identification and characterization of plastic fragments is necessary.However,most of the studies had focused only on colored plastic fragments,ignoring colorless plastic fragments and the effects of different environmental media(backgrounds),thus underestimating their abundance.To address this issue,the present study used near-infrared spectroscopy to compare the identification of colored and colorless plastic fragments based on partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA),extreme gradient boost,support vector machine and random forest classifier.The effects of polymer color,type,thickness,and background on the plastic fragments classification were evaluated.PLS-DA presented the best and most stable outcome,with higher robustness and lower misclassification rate.All models frequently misinterpreted colorless plastic fragments and its background when the fragment thickness was less than 0.1mm.A two-stage modeling method,which first distinguishes the plastic types and then identifies colorless plastic fragments that had been misclassified as background,was proposed.The method presented an accuracy higher than 99%in different backgrounds.In summary,this study developed a novel method for rapid and synchronous identification of colored and colorless plastic fragments under complex environmental backgrounds.展开更多
With the escalating global emphasis on environmental conservation and sustainable development,enhancing the service quality and durability of road surfaces and facilitating the green development of highways have comma...With the escalating global emphasis on environmental conservation and sustainable development,enhancing the service quality and durability of road surfaces and facilitating the green development of highways have commanded considerable attention.Bio-based polyurethane,on account of its remarkable physical and chemical properties,green,sustainable and renewable capacity,as well as its structural design capabilities,has drawn widespread attention and numerous studies have been carried out.It has gradually started to substitute traditional petroleum-based polyurethane materials in road engineering.Nevertheless,the application of bio-based polyurethane materials in road engineering remains in the exploratory phase.To stimulate the application research of bio-based polyurethane materials in road engineering and offer additional research directions,this paper reviews the research advancements of bio-based polyurethane materials and their applications in road engineering.The fundamental classification of bio-based polyurethane is introduced.The characteristics and challenges associated with various preparation methods for bio-based polyurethane are described.The influence of bio-based polyurethane on road engineering materials are analyzed.The evaluation indicators of bio-based polyurethane within the life cycle of road engineering are investigated.Finally,the development tendency towards in road engineering applications are forecasted.This paper provides a reference for the study of bio-based polyurethane materials in road engineering applications.展开更多
Against the backdrop of the global push for environmental protection and the reduction of plastic pollution,the research and development of alternatives to daily disposable plastic products such as straws have become ...Against the backdrop of the global push for environmental protection and the reduction of plastic pollution,the research and development of alternatives to daily disposable plastic products such as straws have become a hot topic in the environmental protection field.Traditional plastic straws are difficult to degrade,imposing a severe burden on the environment.Meanwhile,existing alternatives like paper straws and PLA(polylactic acid)straws also have numerous drawbacks.展开更多
The current global shortage of oil resources and the pollution problems caused by traditional barrier materials urgently require the search for new substitutes.Biodegradable bio-based barrier materials possess the cha...The current global shortage of oil resources and the pollution problems caused by traditional barrier materials urgently require the search for new substitutes.Biodegradable bio-based barrier materials possess the characteristics of being renewable,environmentally friendly,and having excellent barrier properties.They have become an important choice in fields such as food packaging,agricultural film covering,and medical protection.This review systematically analyzes the design and research of this type of material,classifying biobased and biodegradable barrier materials based on the sources of raw materials and synthesis pathways.It also provides a detailed introduction to the latest research progress of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,discussing the synthesis methods and improvement measures of their barrier properties.Subsequently,it analyzes the related technologies for enhancing the barrier properties of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,and finally looks forward to the directions that future research should focus on,promoting the transition of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials from the laboratory to industrial applications.展开更多
The demand for energy-efficient and environmental-friendly power grid construction has made the exploitation of bio-based electrical epoxy resins with excellent properties increasingly important.This work developed th...The demand for energy-efficient and environmental-friendly power grid construction has made the exploitation of bio-based electrical epoxy resins with excellent properties increasingly important.This work developed the bio-based electrotechnical epoxy resins based on magnolol.High-performance epoxy resin(DGEMT)with a double crosslinked points and its composites(Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT)were obtained taking advantages of the two bifunctional groups(allyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups)of magnolol.Benefitting from the distinctive structure of DGEMT,the Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT composites exhibited the advantages of intrinsically high thermal conductivity,high insulation,and low dielectric loss.The AC breakdown strength and thermal conductivity of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT composites were 35.5 kV/mm and 1.19 W·m-1·K-1,respectively,which were 15.6%and 52.6%higher than those of petroleum-based composites(Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEBA).And its dielectric loss tanδ=0.0046 was 20.7%lower than that of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEBA.Furthermore,the mechanical,thermal and processing properties of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT are fully comparable to those of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEBA.This work confirms the feasibility of manufacturing environmentally friendly power equipment using bio-based epoxy resins,which has excellent engineering applications.展开更多
By investigating the performance characteristics of the bio-based surfactant 8901A,a composite decontamination and injection system was developed using 8901A as the primary agent,tailored for application in low-permea...By investigating the performance characteristics of the bio-based surfactant 8901A,a composite decontamination and injection system was developed using 8901A as the primary agent,tailored for application in low-permeability and heavy oil reservoirs under varying temperature conditions.The results demonstrate that this system effectively reduces oil–water interfacial tension,achieving an ultra-low interfacial tension state.The static oil washing efficiency of oil sands exceeds 85%,the average pressure reduction rate reaches 21.55%,and the oil recovery rate improves by 13.54%.These enhancements significantly increase the system’s ability to dissolve oilbased blockages,thereby lowering water injection pressure caused by organic fouling,increasing the injection volume of injection wells,and ultimately improving oil recovery efficiency.展开更多
Plastic contamination has become a major environmental concern and impacts human health,and yet this is still a topic that remains largely understudied.Effects of macro-and microplastics on soil physical,chemical,and ...Plastic contamination has become a major environmental concern and impacts human health,and yet this is still a topic that remains largely understudied.Effects of macro-and microplastics on soil physical,chemical,and biological properties,including soil biota,are considered adverse for soils.Due to their small size and porous surface,microplastics can also be a new environmental concern because of their ability to act as carriers of contaminants or diseases.展开更多
Dear Editor,Plastics have been ubiquitous in the environment due to their high amounts of production and application(Geyer et al.,2017).In 2021,annual global plastic production increased to 39.07 billion tons(Rede et ...Dear Editor,Plastics have been ubiquitous in the environment due to their high amounts of production and application(Geyer et al.,2017).In 2021,annual global plastic production increased to 39.07 billion tons(Rede et al.,2023).Plastics undergo weathering,photolysis,and other environmental effects and form emerging contaminants with small particle sizes that can easily migrate,i.e.,microplastics(MPs,<5 mm)(Auta et al.,2017).展开更多
Micro-and nano-plastics,defined as plastic particles measuring≤5 mm,represent a class of contaminants of emerging concern.These particles are ubiquitous in aquatic environments,posing significant threats to both fres...Micro-and nano-plastics,defined as plastic particles measuring≤5 mm,represent a class of contaminants of emerging concern.These particles are ubiquitous in aquatic environments,posing significant threats to both freshwater and marine organisms.The accumulation of micro-and nanoplastics in aquatic biota can lead to physical harm and chemical hazards,as these particles can serve as vectors for transporting toxic substances.As the research community strives to understand the transport and fate of micro-and nano-plastics,as well as their ecotoxicological implications,the scope of research questions continues to broaden.In response to these developments,the Journal of Oceanology and Limnology has recently launched a special issue entitled“Micro-and nano-plastics:an emerging contaminant in marine and freshwater ecosystems.”展开更多
The widespread use of plastic waste has caused significant environmental pollution,becoming a focal point of global concern,particularly the challenge of dechlorination in mixed plastic waste.Selective dissolution is ...The widespread use of plastic waste has caused significant environmental pollution,becoming a focal point of global concern,particularly the challenge of dechlorination in mixed plastic waste.Selective dissolution is a promising plastic chemical recycling technology that offers benefits such as simple processes,convenient operation,and recyclable solvents.However,selecting suitable solvents remains a challenge.This study establishes a virtual solvent database containing 530 common inorganic and organic solvents.By calculating theσ-profile of polyvinyl chloride(PVC)and polyethylene(PE)models using quantum mechanical calculations and employing the conductor-like screening model for real solvents(COSMO-RS)method,the solubility performance of these solvents for PVC and PE at different temperatures was predicted.The results demonstrate the high accuracy of the COSMO-RS method in predicting solubility.By comparing the solubility differences between PVC and PE in different solvents,a series of solvents suitable for selectively removing PVC from mixed plastics were identified,for example,N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP),dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO),tetrahydrofuran(THF),and N,Ndimethylacetamide(DMAc).This method provides a novel solution to the solvent selection challenge in plastic chemical recycling,potentially shortening the research and development period,reducing experimental costs,and promoting the development of green and refined waste plastic recycling processes.展开更多
Aging plays a critical role in determining the durability and long-term performance of asphalt pavements,as it is influenced by both external factors(e.g.,temperature,ultraviolet(UV)radiation,moisture,oxidative gases)...Aging plays a critical role in determining the durability and long-term performance of asphalt pavements,as it is influenced by both external factors(e.g.,temperature,ultraviolet(UV)radiation,moisture,oxidative gases)and internal factors such as binder composition.Although laboratory simulations of aging are well established for conventional bituminous binders,limited attention has been paid to replicating and evaluating aging processes in bio-based binders.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of current laboratory techniques for simulating and assessing binder aging,with a focus on two key areas:aging simulation protocols and evaluation methodologies.The analysis shows that although several efforts have been made to incorporate external aging factors into lab simulations,significant challenges persist,especially in the case of bio-based binders,which are characterized by a high variability in composition and limited understanding of their aging behavior.Current evaluation approaches also exhibit limitations.Improvements are needed in the molecular-level analysis of oxidation(e.g.,through more representative oxidation modelsin molecular dynamicssimulations),in the separation and quantification of binder constituents,and in the application of advanced techniques such as fluorescence microscopy to better characterize polymer dispersion.To enhance the reliability of laboratory simulations,future research should aim to improve the correlation between laboratory and field aging,define robust aging indexes,and refine characterization methods.These advancements are particularly critical for bio-based binders,whose performance is highly sensitive to aging and for which standard test protocols are still underdeveloped.A deeper understanding of aging mechanisms in both polymer-modified and biobased binders,along with improved analytical tools for assessing oxidative degradation and morphological changes,will be essential to support the development of sustainable,high-performance paving materials.展开更多
In the context of transitioning toward more sustainable construction materials,this study explores the impact of incorporating millet husks as an alternative to sand on the physical,mechanical,and thermal performance ...In the context of transitioning toward more sustainable construction materials,this study explores the impact of incorporating millet husks as an alternative to sand on the physical,mechanical,and thermal performance of lightweight concrete.Through a mixture design approach,five formulations were selected and thoroughly characterized.The analysis of iso-response curves enabled an in-depth assessment of the cross-effects between formulation parameters and their interactions on the final properties of the material.The results show that integrating millet husks leads to a significant reduction in density,reaching up to 21%,while maintaining notable mechanical performance.A balanced formulation of sand and fibers achieved a maximum compressive strength of 12.11 MPa,demonstrating that,under specific conditions,plant fibers actively contribute to the structural integrity of the composite.In tensile strength,the positive influence of fibers is even more pronounced,with a maximum resistance of 8.62 MPa,highlighting their role in enhancing material cohesion.From a thermal perspective,millet husks reduce both thermal conductivity and effusivity,thereby limiting heat transfer and accumulation within the composite.Iso-response curve analysis reveals that these effects are directly linked to the proportions of the constituents and that achieving an optimal balance between sand,fibers,and cement is key to maximizing performance.These findings demonstrate that the adopted approach allows moving beyond conventional substitution methods by identifying optimal configurations for the design of lightweight bio-based concretes that are both strong and insulating,thereby confirming the potential of millet husks in developing lightweight concretes suitable for sustainable construction applications.展开更多
As the main component of electronic products,plastics contain complex and diverse metal additives.Recycling process is not conducive to stable existence of metal additives in electronic plastics.Once the e-waste plast...As the main component of electronic products,plastics contain complex and diverse metal additives.Recycling process is not conducive to stable existence of metal additives in electronic plastics.Once the e-waste plastics enter the environment,they will continue to release harmful metals into environment after aging,causing serious hazards.This study delved into the analysis and comparison of metal content of e-waste plastics,elucidating aging process and metal leaching behavior over a 112-day natural light exposure period.The findings underscored that metal content in recycled plastics surpassed that in their new counterparts.Specifically,Ti content in new plastics remained below 100 mg/kg,while recycled plastics exhibited Ti content surpassing 100 mg/kg threshold.Throughout prolonged natural light exposure,metals such as Zn,Ba and Sb demonstrated a heightened likelihood of release from electronic plastics in comparison to other metals.The aging process during light exposure led to fragmentation of electronic plastics,accompanied by a reduction in particle size.Notably,the particle size reduction was more pronounced in poly acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS)and recycled ABS,experiencing reductions of 40µm and 85µm,respectively.This phenomenon was attributed to the presence of polybutadiene structural units,which proved more susceptible to aging.Along with the breaking of plastics,the ABS plastics released metal species such as Pb,Cd,Ni,Al that had not been detected in other plastics solutions.The collective evidence from this study suggested that ABS and recycled ABS electronic plastics might pose a heightened potential environmental risk compared to other electronic plastics.展开更多
An efficient and novel approach is proposed for oxidative arylation of bio-based furfuryl alcohol(FA)to aryl furans(AFs),a versatile monomer of photoelectric materials,in the presence of UiO-67-Pd(F)with phenanthrolin...An efficient and novel approach is proposed for oxidative arylation of bio-based furfuryl alcohol(FA)to aryl furans(AFs),a versatile monomer of photoelectric materials,in the presence of UiO-67-Pd(F)with phenanthroline/bipyridine,and poly-F substituted phenyl ligands as the mixture linkers.The results of control experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that the–F on the phenyl linkers efficiently tunes the electron-deficient nature of Pd through the Zr_(6) clusters bridges,which favors the adsorption and activation of the furan ring.Furthermore,the conjugation of different nitrogen-containing ligands facilitates Pd coordination for the Heck-type insertion and subsequent electrophilic palladation,respectively.As a result,the oxidative arylation of FA derivatives is substantially enhanced because of these electronic and steric synergistic effects.Under the optimized conditions,72.2%FA conversion and 74.8%mono aryl furan(MAF)selectivity are shown in the Heck-type insertion.Meanwhile,85.3%of MAF is converted,affording 74.8%selectivity of final product(AFs)in the subsequent electrophilic palladation reaction.This process efficiency is remarkably higher than that with homogeneous catalysts.In addition,furan-benzene polymer obtained from the halogen-free synthesis catalyzed by UiO-67-Pd(F)show significantly better properties than that from conventional Suzuki coupling method.Therefore,the present work provides a new insight for useful AFs synthesis by oxidative arylation of bio-furan via rational tunning the metal center micro-environment of heterogeneous catalyst.展开更多
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22293011,T2341001)the Major Science and Technology Project of Anhui Province(202203a06020010).
文摘Epoxy resins are widely employed in wind turbine blades,drone rotors,and automotive interiors due to their excel-lent mechani-cal proper-ties and long service life.However,their insoluble and infusible cross-linked networks pose a significant re-cycling challenge,particularly with the impending retirement of the first generation of wind turbine blades.In this work,we reported a fully bio-based epoxy Vitrimer(FEP)incorporat-ing a dual-dynamic covalent network design and systematically investigated the influence of the 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene(TBD)catalyst on its curing kinetics,thermal/mechan-ical properties,dynamic exchange behavior,and degradation performance in a mild alkaline solution.Compared to conventional epoxy resins,FEP exhibited superior tensile strength and elongation at break at an optimal TBD concentration(2 wt%),achieving an excellent strength-toughness balance.The presence of TBD accelerated the exchange rates of both disulfide and ester bonds,endowing FEP with notable stress relaxation at elevated tempera-tures.Moreover,FEP demonstrated complete dissolution in 1 mol/L NaOH within 6 h at 25℃.These results underscored the exceptional strength,toughness,and recyclability of FEP,positioning it as a promising,environmentally friendly matrix resin for next-generation appli-cations in the new energy sector.
基金supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(Nos.U21A20288 and 21978280).
文摘Developing green and efficient methods to acquire lignocellulose-based chemicals with high added value is beneficial for facilitating green chemistry and sustainable development.The goal of this study is to demonstrate that bio-based benzaldehyde,a noteworthy high-value chemical,is able to be directionally prepared from lignocellulosic biomass.This new control-lable transformation was materialized by uniting catalytic-pyrolysis of lignocellulose to toluene intermediate and catalytic oxidation of toluene intermediate to bio-based benzalde-hyde.This work also developed a highly active magnetic catalyst(CoFe_(2)O_(4)@Biochar(HTR)),achieving 77.1%benzaldehyde selectivity and 46.7%benzaldehyde yield using this catalyst.It was found that introducing the biochar carrier into the cobalt iron composite metal oxide cat-alyst enhanced hydroxyl radical formation and bio-based benzaldehyde synthesis.Based on catalyst characterizations and hydroxyl radical analysis,potential reaction mechanism for bio-based benzaldehyde synthesis was proposed.This strategy may provide a beneficial pathway for developing high-value bio-based chemical(benzaldehyde)using renewable lignocellulosic biomass.
基金financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation。
文摘Carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics(CFRP)with improved mechanical properties based on modified epoxy binders were investigated in this study.By adding 15 parts by weight(p.b.w.)of copolymer of polysulfone with cardo phthalide group(PSFP-70C)to the epoxyanhydride binder,the flexural strength of the epoxy polymer was increased by 60%,the CFRP based on it by 57%,the flexural modulus of the epoxy polymer was increased by 83%,and the composite by 96%.The adhesion strength of the binder to carbon fiber reached a high level at 10 p.b.w.of thermoplastic modifier and increased by 65%compared to the unmodified binder.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)was used to determine that in epoxyanhydride systems with a polysulfone content of 5–15 p.b.w.,the structure belongs to the"matrix dispersion"type and with a content of 20 p.b.w.to the"interpenetrating phase"type.A heterogeneous structure was also observed using dynamic mechanical analysis.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Laoshan Laboratory(Nos.2022QNLM030004-3,LSKJ202203103)the NSFC Innovative Group Grant(No.42221005)+5 种基金the Key Collaborative Research Program of the Alliance of International Science Organizations(No.ANSO-CR-KP-2022-08)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2021ZD28)the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation(No.92351301)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA22050301)the Taishan Scholars Program(No.tstp20230637)the Qingdao Natural Science Foundation(No.23-2-1-182-zyyd-jch)。
文摘With the increasing accumulation of plastic pollutants in various environments,research on microorganisms(including bacteria,fungi,and algae)with plastic degradation capabilities has gained significant attention.However,only a limited number of microbial plastic-degrading enzymes have been identified to date.This highlights that the degradation mechanisms employed by many plastic-degrading microorganisms,particularly filamentous fungi,remain insufficiently explored.In this study,we utilized a versatile fungal plasmid(pCT74)to express green fluorescent protein(GFP)in a marine-derived fungus Alternaria alternata strain FB1 with plastic degradation capabilities.Upon evaluating the degradation effect of polyester-type polyurethane(PU)film,we observed that different transformants exhibited three kinds of activities(the same,reduced,or enhanced degradation capability)compared to the FB1 wild-type strain.Further analysis of the plasmid fragment insertion sites in different transformants revealed that pCT74 integrates randomly into the genome of the host fungus.Notably,a direct correlation was found between the plasmid insertion site and the degradation capability of the corresponding transformant.Our findings not only redefine the potential applications of plasmid pCT74 in filamentous fungi but also show a novel research approach to identifying key enzymes involved in plastic degradation by fungi.
基金the Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia for providing financial support for this research through the Transdisciplinary Research Grant Scheme(TRGS)No.TRGS/1/2018/UMP/01/1(University Reference:RDU191801-5).
文摘This study examines the literature on bio-based and biodegradable plastics published between 2000 and 2021 and provides insights and research suggestions for the future.The study gathers data from the Scopus and ISI Web of Science databases,then picks 1042 publications objectively and analyses their metadata.Furthermore,144 papers from the Web of Science are analysed to present insights and classifications of the literature based on content analyses,including assessment/evaluation of the sustainability of bio-based and biodegradable Plastics,sustainability of biodegradable Plastics,and factors driving the uptake of biodegradable plastics.The study finds that most research on bio-based and biodegradable plastic film evaluations considered only one dimension of sustainability,few considered two dimensions,and very few considered three dimensions.Though,in recent years,academic and industrial interest has grown dramatically in biodegradable plastics towards sustainability.The triple bottom line method in this report(economic benefit,social responsibility,and environmental protection)was employed to assess the biodegradable plastics towards sustainability.Top journals,Influential authors,top contributing institutions,top contributing nations,and contributions by fields are all identified in this study.This research gives a detailed but straightforward theoretical design of bio-based and biodegradable polymers.The study’s results and future research initiatives provide a new path for further investigation and contribution to the field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21935004 and 22350011)。
文摘Traditional packaging plastics derived from fossil fuels for perishable foods have caused severe environmental pollution and resource depletion.To promote sustainable development and reduce wastage of perishable products,there is a significant challenge in developing biobased packaging plastics that offer excellent preservation,satisfactory mechanical performance,and inherent degradability.In this study,poly(urethane-urea)(PUU)plastics are fabricated using a one-pot polyaddition reaction involving castor oil(CO),tannic acid(TA),lysine-derived ethyl 2,6-diisocyanatohexanoate(LDI),and H2O.The resulting PUU plastics demonstrate a high breaking strength of about 32.7 MPa and a strain at break of ca.102%.Due to the reversibility of hydrogen bonds,PUU plastics can be easily shaped into various forms.They are non-cytotoxic and suitable for food packaging.With a high TA content of ca.38.2 wt%,PUU plastics exhibit excellent antioxidant capacity.Consequently,PUU plastics show outstanding freshness preservation performance,extending the shelf life of cherry tomatoes and winter jujubes for at least 8 days at room temperature.Importantly,PUU plastics can autonomously degrade into non-toxic substances within ca.298 days when buried in soil.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22276139)the Shanghai’s Municipal State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission(No.2022028).
文摘To better understand the migration behavior of plastic fragments in the environment,development of rapid non-destructive methods for in-situ identification and characterization of plastic fragments is necessary.However,most of the studies had focused only on colored plastic fragments,ignoring colorless plastic fragments and the effects of different environmental media(backgrounds),thus underestimating their abundance.To address this issue,the present study used near-infrared spectroscopy to compare the identification of colored and colorless plastic fragments based on partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA),extreme gradient boost,support vector machine and random forest classifier.The effects of polymer color,type,thickness,and background on the plastic fragments classification were evaluated.PLS-DA presented the best and most stable outcome,with higher robustness and lower misclassification rate.All models frequently misinterpreted colorless plastic fragments and its background when the fragment thickness was less than 0.1mm.A two-stage modeling method,which first distinguishes the plastic types and then identifies colorless plastic fragments that had been misclassified as background,was proposed.The method presented an accuracy higher than 99%in different backgrounds.In summary,this study developed a novel method for rapid and synchronous identification of colored and colorless plastic fragments under complex environmental backgrounds.
基金supported by the Key R&D Project in Shaanxi Province(No.2024GX-YBXM-371)Shaanxi Qinchuangyuan Scientists+Engineers Team Construction Project(2025QCY-KXJ-141).
文摘With the escalating global emphasis on environmental conservation and sustainable development,enhancing the service quality and durability of road surfaces and facilitating the green development of highways have commanded considerable attention.Bio-based polyurethane,on account of its remarkable physical and chemical properties,green,sustainable and renewable capacity,as well as its structural design capabilities,has drawn widespread attention and numerous studies have been carried out.It has gradually started to substitute traditional petroleum-based polyurethane materials in road engineering.Nevertheless,the application of bio-based polyurethane materials in road engineering remains in the exploratory phase.To stimulate the application research of bio-based polyurethane materials in road engineering and offer additional research directions,this paper reviews the research advancements of bio-based polyurethane materials and their applications in road engineering.The fundamental classification of bio-based polyurethane is introduced.The characteristics and challenges associated with various preparation methods for bio-based polyurethane are described.The influence of bio-based polyurethane on road engineering materials are analyzed.The evaluation indicators of bio-based polyurethane within the life cycle of road engineering are investigated.Finally,the development tendency towards in road engineering applications are forecasted.This paper provides a reference for the study of bio-based polyurethane materials in road engineering applications.
文摘Against the backdrop of the global push for environmental protection and the reduction of plastic pollution,the research and development of alternatives to daily disposable plastic products such as straws have become a hot topic in the environmental protection field.Traditional plastic straws are difficult to degrade,imposing a severe burden on the environment.Meanwhile,existing alternatives like paper straws and PLA(polylactic acid)straws also have numerous drawbacks.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(222102230031)Key Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province(23A430018)Natural Science Foundation of Henan(252300420267).
文摘The current global shortage of oil resources and the pollution problems caused by traditional barrier materials urgently require the search for new substitutes.Biodegradable bio-based barrier materials possess the characteristics of being renewable,environmentally friendly,and having excellent barrier properties.They have become an important choice in fields such as food packaging,agricultural film covering,and medical protection.This review systematically analyzes the design and research of this type of material,classifying biobased and biodegradable barrier materials based on the sources of raw materials and synthesis pathways.It also provides a detailed introduction to the latest research progress of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,discussing the synthesis methods and improvement measures of their barrier properties.Subsequently,it analyzes the related technologies for enhancing the barrier properties of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,and finally looks forward to the directions that future research should focus on,promoting the transition of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials from the laboratory to industrial applications.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M743622)Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City(No.2024J109)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.E52307038 and U23A20589)Ningbo 2025 Key Scientific Research Programs(Nos.2022Z111,2022Z160 and 2022Z198)the Leading Innovativeand Entrepreneur Team Introduction Program of Zhejiang(No.2021R01005).
文摘The demand for energy-efficient and environmental-friendly power grid construction has made the exploitation of bio-based electrical epoxy resins with excellent properties increasingly important.This work developed the bio-based electrotechnical epoxy resins based on magnolol.High-performance epoxy resin(DGEMT)with a double crosslinked points and its composites(Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT)were obtained taking advantages of the two bifunctional groups(allyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups)of magnolol.Benefitting from the distinctive structure of DGEMT,the Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT composites exhibited the advantages of intrinsically high thermal conductivity,high insulation,and low dielectric loss.The AC breakdown strength and thermal conductivity of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT composites were 35.5 kV/mm and 1.19 W·m-1·K-1,respectively,which were 15.6%and 52.6%higher than those of petroleum-based composites(Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEBA).And its dielectric loss tanδ=0.0046 was 20.7%lower than that of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEBA.Furthermore,the mechanical,thermal and processing properties of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT are fully comparable to those of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEBA.This work confirms the feasibility of manufacturing environmentally friendly power equipment using bio-based epoxy resins,which has excellent engineering applications.
文摘By investigating the performance characteristics of the bio-based surfactant 8901A,a composite decontamination and injection system was developed using 8901A as the primary agent,tailored for application in low-permeability and heavy oil reservoirs under varying temperature conditions.The results demonstrate that this system effectively reduces oil–water interfacial tension,achieving an ultra-low interfacial tension state.The static oil washing efficiency of oil sands exceeds 85%,the average pressure reduction rate reaches 21.55%,and the oil recovery rate improves by 13.54%.These enhancements significantly increase the system’s ability to dissolve oilbased blockages,thereby lowering water injection pressure caused by organic fouling,increasing the injection volume of injection wells,and ultimately improving oil recovery efficiency.
基金funded by the research project Env Agro(No.XG-IDI24-05/04)of Universidade de Vigo(Spain)and Universidade do Minho(Portugal)the financial support of the Consellería de Cultura,Educación e Universidade,Xunta de Galicia(Spain)through the contract(No.ED431C2021/46-GCR)granted to the research group BV1 of Universidade de Vigo+3 种基金a postdoctoral fellowship(No.ED481B-2022081)funded by Xunta de Galiciaa pre-doctoral Formación de Profesorado Universitario contract(No.FPU19/03758)funded by the Ministry of Universities(Spanish Government)supported by a JdCi research contract(No.IJC2020044197-I)funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and European Union EU/PRTREuropean Cooperation in Science and Technology(COST)Action CA20101 Plastics Monitoring Detection Remediation Recovery—PRIORITY,supported by COST(www.cost.eu)。
文摘Plastic contamination has become a major environmental concern and impacts human health,and yet this is still a topic that remains largely understudied.Effects of macro-and microplastics on soil physical,chemical,and biological properties,including soil biota,are considered adverse for soils.Due to their small size and porous surface,microplastics can also be a new environmental concern because of their ability to act as carriers of contaminants or diseases.
基金financially supported by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2021309)the Capacity-building Projects by the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,China(No.KJCX20220414)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42277303)。
文摘Dear Editor,Plastics have been ubiquitous in the environment due to their high amounts of production and application(Geyer et al.,2017).In 2021,annual global plastic production increased to 39.07 billion tons(Rede et al.,2023).Plastics undergo weathering,photolysis,and other environmental effects and form emerging contaminants with small particle sizes that can easily migrate,i.e.,microplastics(MPs,<5 mm)(Auta et al.,2017).
基金Supported by the Natural Science Key Foundation of Fujian Province,China(No.2020J02002)the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund(No.ZDYF2022SHFZ317)。
文摘Micro-and nano-plastics,defined as plastic particles measuring≤5 mm,represent a class of contaminants of emerging concern.These particles are ubiquitous in aquatic environments,posing significant threats to both freshwater and marine organisms.The accumulation of micro-and nanoplastics in aquatic biota can lead to physical harm and chemical hazards,as these particles can serve as vectors for transporting toxic substances.As the research community strives to understand the transport and fate of micro-and nano-plastics,as well as their ecotoxicological implications,the scope of research questions continues to broaden.In response to these developments,the Journal of Oceanology and Limnology has recently launched a special issue entitled“Micro-and nano-plastics:an emerging contaminant in marine and freshwater ecosystems.”
基金financially supported by SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22302220)+2 种基金the Shanxi Province Science Foundation for Youth(202203021222403)Funding support was also received from the Synfuels China Co.,Ltd.the Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘The widespread use of plastic waste has caused significant environmental pollution,becoming a focal point of global concern,particularly the challenge of dechlorination in mixed plastic waste.Selective dissolution is a promising plastic chemical recycling technology that offers benefits such as simple processes,convenient operation,and recyclable solvents.However,selecting suitable solvents remains a challenge.This study establishes a virtual solvent database containing 530 common inorganic and organic solvents.By calculating theσ-profile of polyvinyl chloride(PVC)and polyethylene(PE)models using quantum mechanical calculations and employing the conductor-like screening model for real solvents(COSMO-RS)method,the solubility performance of these solvents for PVC and PE at different temperatures was predicted.The results demonstrate the high accuracy of the COSMO-RS method in predicting solubility.By comparing the solubility differences between PVC and PE in different solvents,a series of solvents suitable for selectively removing PVC from mixed plastics were identified,for example,N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone(NMP),dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO),tetrahydrofuran(THF),and N,Ndimethylacetamide(DMAc).This method provides a novel solution to the solvent selection challenge in plastic chemical recycling,potentially shortening the research and development period,reducing experimental costs,and promoting the development of green and refined waste plastic recycling processes.
文摘Aging plays a critical role in determining the durability and long-term performance of asphalt pavements,as it is influenced by both external factors(e.g.,temperature,ultraviolet(UV)radiation,moisture,oxidative gases)and internal factors such as binder composition.Although laboratory simulations of aging are well established for conventional bituminous binders,limited attention has been paid to replicating and evaluating aging processes in bio-based binders.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of current laboratory techniques for simulating and assessing binder aging,with a focus on two key areas:aging simulation protocols and evaluation methodologies.The analysis shows that although several efforts have been made to incorporate external aging factors into lab simulations,significant challenges persist,especially in the case of bio-based binders,which are characterized by a high variability in composition and limited understanding of their aging behavior.Current evaluation approaches also exhibit limitations.Improvements are needed in the molecular-level analysis of oxidation(e.g.,through more representative oxidation modelsin molecular dynamicssimulations),in the separation and quantification of binder constituents,and in the application of advanced techniques such as fluorescence microscopy to better characterize polymer dispersion.To enhance the reliability of laboratory simulations,future research should aim to improve the correlation between laboratory and field aging,define robust aging indexes,and refine characterization methods.These advancements are particularly critical for bio-based binders,whose performance is highly sensitive to aging and for which standard test protocols are still underdeveloped.A deeper understanding of aging mechanisms in both polymer-modified and biobased binders,along with improved analytical tools for assessing oxidative degradation and morphological changes,will be essential to support the development of sustainable,high-performance paving materials.
文摘In the context of transitioning toward more sustainable construction materials,this study explores the impact of incorporating millet husks as an alternative to sand on the physical,mechanical,and thermal performance of lightweight concrete.Through a mixture design approach,five formulations were selected and thoroughly characterized.The analysis of iso-response curves enabled an in-depth assessment of the cross-effects between formulation parameters and their interactions on the final properties of the material.The results show that integrating millet husks leads to a significant reduction in density,reaching up to 21%,while maintaining notable mechanical performance.A balanced formulation of sand and fibers achieved a maximum compressive strength of 12.11 MPa,demonstrating that,under specific conditions,plant fibers actively contribute to the structural integrity of the composite.In tensile strength,the positive influence of fibers is even more pronounced,with a maximum resistance of 8.62 MPa,highlighting their role in enhancing material cohesion.From a thermal perspective,millet husks reduce both thermal conductivity and effusivity,thereby limiting heat transfer and accumulation within the composite.Iso-response curve analysis reveals that these effects are directly linked to the proportions of the constituents and that achieving an optimal balance between sand,fibers,and cement is key to maximizing performance.These findings demonstrate that the adopted approach allows moving beyond conventional substitution methods by identifying optimal configurations for the design of lightweight bio-based concretes that are both strong and insulating,thereby confirming the potential of millet husks in developing lightweight concretes suitable for sustainable construction applications.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2021B1515020041)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42277403)+4 种基金the Projects of International Cooperation and Exchange of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC-UNEP)(No:32261143459)the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control(No.2023B1212060002)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2023B0303000024)the High-level University Special Fund(No.G03050K001)the Research Projects of the General Administration of Customs(No.2022HK060)for financial support.
文摘As the main component of electronic products,plastics contain complex and diverse metal additives.Recycling process is not conducive to stable existence of metal additives in electronic plastics.Once the e-waste plastics enter the environment,they will continue to release harmful metals into environment after aging,causing serious hazards.This study delved into the analysis and comparison of metal content of e-waste plastics,elucidating aging process and metal leaching behavior over a 112-day natural light exposure period.The findings underscored that metal content in recycled plastics surpassed that in their new counterparts.Specifically,Ti content in new plastics remained below 100 mg/kg,while recycled plastics exhibited Ti content surpassing 100 mg/kg threshold.Throughout prolonged natural light exposure,metals such as Zn,Ba and Sb demonstrated a heightened likelihood of release from electronic plastics in comparison to other metals.The aging process during light exposure led to fragmentation of electronic plastics,accompanied by a reduction in particle size.Notably,the particle size reduction was more pronounced in poly acrylonitrile butadiene styrene(ABS)and recycled ABS,experiencing reductions of 40µm and 85µm,respectively.This phenomenon was attributed to the presence of polybutadiene structural units,which proved more susceptible to aging.Along with the breaking of plastics,the ABS plastics released metal species such as Pb,Cd,Ni,Al that had not been detected in other plastics solutions.The collective evidence from this study suggested that ABS and recycled ABS electronic plastics might pose a heightened potential environmental risk compared to other electronic plastics.
文摘An efficient and novel approach is proposed for oxidative arylation of bio-based furfuryl alcohol(FA)to aryl furans(AFs),a versatile monomer of photoelectric materials,in the presence of UiO-67-Pd(F)with phenanthroline/bipyridine,and poly-F substituted phenyl ligands as the mixture linkers.The results of control experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that the–F on the phenyl linkers efficiently tunes the electron-deficient nature of Pd through the Zr_(6) clusters bridges,which favors the adsorption and activation of the furan ring.Furthermore,the conjugation of different nitrogen-containing ligands facilitates Pd coordination for the Heck-type insertion and subsequent electrophilic palladation,respectively.As a result,the oxidative arylation of FA derivatives is substantially enhanced because of these electronic and steric synergistic effects.Under the optimized conditions,72.2%FA conversion and 74.8%mono aryl furan(MAF)selectivity are shown in the Heck-type insertion.Meanwhile,85.3%of MAF is converted,affording 74.8%selectivity of final product(AFs)in the subsequent electrophilic palladation reaction.This process efficiency is remarkably higher than that with homogeneous catalysts.In addition,furan-benzene polymer obtained from the halogen-free synthesis catalyzed by UiO-67-Pd(F)show significantly better properties than that from conventional Suzuki coupling method.Therefore,the present work provides a new insight for useful AFs synthesis by oxidative arylation of bio-furan via rational tunning the metal center micro-environment of heterogeneous catalyst.
