Aging plays a critical role in determining the durability and long-term performance of asphalt pavements,as it is influenced by both external factors(e.g.,temperature,ultraviolet(UV)radiation,moisture,oxidative gases)...Aging plays a critical role in determining the durability and long-term performance of asphalt pavements,as it is influenced by both external factors(e.g.,temperature,ultraviolet(UV)radiation,moisture,oxidative gases)and internal factors such as binder composition.Although laboratory simulations of aging are well established for conventional bituminous binders,limited attention has been paid to replicating and evaluating aging processes in bio-based binders.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of current laboratory techniques for simulating and assessing binder aging,with a focus on two key areas:aging simulation protocols and evaluation methodologies.The analysis shows that although several efforts have been made to incorporate external aging factors into lab simulations,significant challenges persist,especially in the case of bio-based binders,which are characterized by a high variability in composition and limited understanding of their aging behavior.Current evaluation approaches also exhibit limitations.Improvements are needed in the molecular-level analysis of oxidation(e.g.,through more representative oxidation modelsin molecular dynamicssimulations),in the separation and quantification of binder constituents,and in the application of advanced techniques such as fluorescence microscopy to better characterize polymer dispersion.To enhance the reliability of laboratory simulations,future research should aim to improve the correlation between laboratory and field aging,define robust aging indexes,and refine characterization methods.These advancements are particularly critical for bio-based binders,whose performance is highly sensitive to aging and for which standard test protocols are still underdeveloped.A deeper understanding of aging mechanisms in both polymer-modified and biobased binders,along with improved analytical tools for assessing oxidative degradation and morphological changes,will be essential to support the development of sustainable,high-performance paving materials.展开更多
Epoxy resins are widely employed in wind turbine blades,drone rotors,and automotive interiors due to their excel-lent mechani-cal proper-ties and long service life.However,their insoluble and infusible cross-linked ne...Epoxy resins are widely employed in wind turbine blades,drone rotors,and automotive interiors due to their excel-lent mechani-cal proper-ties and long service life.However,their insoluble and infusible cross-linked networks pose a significant re-cycling challenge,particularly with the impending retirement of the first generation of wind turbine blades.In this work,we reported a fully bio-based epoxy Vitrimer(FEP)incorporat-ing a dual-dynamic covalent network design and systematically investigated the influence of the 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene(TBD)catalyst on its curing kinetics,thermal/mechan-ical properties,dynamic exchange behavior,and degradation performance in a mild alkaline solution.Compared to conventional epoxy resins,FEP exhibited superior tensile strength and elongation at break at an optimal TBD concentration(2 wt%),achieving an excellent strength-toughness balance.The presence of TBD accelerated the exchange rates of both disulfide and ester bonds,endowing FEP with notable stress relaxation at elevated tempera-tures.Moreover,FEP demonstrated complete dissolution in 1 mol/L NaOH within 6 h at 25℃.These results underscored the exceptional strength,toughness,and recyclability of FEP,positioning it as a promising,environmentally friendly matrix resin for next-generation appli-cations in the new energy sector.展开更多
Developing green and efficient methods to acquire lignocellulose-based chemicals with high added value is beneficial for facilitating green chemistry and sustainable development.The goal of this study is to demonstrat...Developing green and efficient methods to acquire lignocellulose-based chemicals with high added value is beneficial for facilitating green chemistry and sustainable development.The goal of this study is to demonstrate that bio-based benzaldehyde,a noteworthy high-value chemical,is able to be directionally prepared from lignocellulosic biomass.This new control-lable transformation was materialized by uniting catalytic-pyrolysis of lignocellulose to toluene intermediate and catalytic oxidation of toluene intermediate to bio-based benzalde-hyde.This work also developed a highly active magnetic catalyst(CoFe_(2)O_(4)@Biochar(HTR)),achieving 77.1%benzaldehyde selectivity and 46.7%benzaldehyde yield using this catalyst.It was found that introducing the biochar carrier into the cobalt iron composite metal oxide cat-alyst enhanced hydroxyl radical formation and bio-based benzaldehyde synthesis.Based on catalyst characterizations and hydroxyl radical analysis,potential reaction mechanism for bio-based benzaldehyde synthesis was proposed.This strategy may provide a beneficial pathway for developing high-value bio-based chemical(benzaldehyde)using renewable lignocellulosic biomass.展开更多
The pressing demand for sustainable advancements in road infrastructure has catalyzed extensive research into environmentally conscious alternatives for the maintenance and restoration of asphalt concrete pavements.Th...The pressing demand for sustainable advancements in road infrastructure has catalyzed extensive research into environmentally conscious alternatives for the maintenance and restoration of asphalt concrete pavements.This paper offers a comprehensive review and analysis of bio-based rejuvenators as a promising avenue for enhancing the longevity and sustainability of asphalt.Through a multifaceted exploration,it delves into various aspects of this innovative approach.Providing a thorough overview of bio-based rejuvenators,the study highlights their renewable and environmentally friendly characteristics.It conducts an in-depth examination of a wide spectrum of bio-derived materials,including vegetable oils,waste-derived bio-products,and biopolymers,through a comprehensive survey.The paper evaluates how bio-based rejuvenators enhance aged asphalt binders and mixes,effectively mitigating the adverse impacts of aging.Furthermore,it investigates how these rejuvenators address environmental concerns by identifying compatibility issues,assessing long-term performance,and evaluating economic feasibility.Finally,the paper outlines potential advancements and research pathways aimed at optimizing the utilization of bio-based rejuvenators in asphalt concrete,thereby contributing to the sustainable evolution of road infrastructure.展开更多
With the escalating global emphasis on environmental conservation and sustainable development,enhancing the service quality and durability of road surfaces and facilitating the green development of highways have comma...With the escalating global emphasis on environmental conservation and sustainable development,enhancing the service quality and durability of road surfaces and facilitating the green development of highways have commanded considerable attention.Bio-based polyurethane,on account of its remarkable physical and chemical properties,green,sustainable and renewable capacity,as well as its structural design capabilities,has drawn widespread attention and numerous studies have been carried out.It has gradually started to substitute traditional petroleum-based polyurethane materials in road engineering.Nevertheless,the application of bio-based polyurethane materials in road engineering remains in the exploratory phase.To stimulate the application research of bio-based polyurethane materials in road engineering and offer additional research directions,this paper reviews the research advancements of bio-based polyurethane materials and their applications in road engineering.The fundamental classification of bio-based polyurethane is introduced.The characteristics and challenges associated with various preparation methods for bio-based polyurethane are described.The influence of bio-based polyurethane on road engineering materials are analyzed.The evaluation indicators of bio-based polyurethane within the life cycle of road engineering are investigated.Finally,the development tendency towards in road engineering applications are forecasted.This paper provides a reference for the study of bio-based polyurethane materials in road engineering applications.展开更多
The current global shortage of oil resources and the pollution problems caused by traditional barrier materials urgently require the search for new substitutes.Biodegradable bio-based barrier materials possess the cha...The current global shortage of oil resources and the pollution problems caused by traditional barrier materials urgently require the search for new substitutes.Biodegradable bio-based barrier materials possess the characteristics of being renewable,environmentally friendly,and having excellent barrier properties.They have become an important choice in fields such as food packaging,agricultural film covering,and medical protection.This review systematically analyzes the design and research of this type of material,classifying biobased and biodegradable barrier materials based on the sources of raw materials and synthesis pathways.It also provides a detailed introduction to the latest research progress of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,discussing the synthesis methods and improvement measures of their barrier properties.Subsequently,it analyzes the related technologies for enhancing the barrier properties of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,and finally looks forward to the directions that future research should focus on,promoting the transition of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials from the laboratory to industrial applications.展开更多
The demand for energy-efficient and environmental-friendly power grid construction has made the exploitation of bio-based electrical epoxy resins with excellent properties increasingly important.This work developed th...The demand for energy-efficient and environmental-friendly power grid construction has made the exploitation of bio-based electrical epoxy resins with excellent properties increasingly important.This work developed the bio-based electrotechnical epoxy resins based on magnolol.High-performance epoxy resin(DGEMT)with a double crosslinked points and its composites(Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT)were obtained taking advantages of the two bifunctional groups(allyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups)of magnolol.Benefitting from the distinctive structure of DGEMT,the Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT composites exhibited the advantages of intrinsically high thermal conductivity,high insulation,and low dielectric loss.The AC breakdown strength and thermal conductivity of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT composites were 35.5 kV/mm and 1.19 W·m-1·K-1,respectively,which were 15.6%and 52.6%higher than those of petroleum-based composites(Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEBA).And its dielectric loss tanδ=0.0046 was 20.7%lower than that of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEBA.Furthermore,the mechanical,thermal and processing properties of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT are fully comparable to those of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEBA.This work confirms the feasibility of manufacturing environmentally friendly power equipment using bio-based epoxy resins,which has excellent engineering applications.展开更多
By investigating the performance characteristics of the bio-based surfactant 8901A,a composite decontamination and injection system was developed using 8901A as the primary agent,tailored for application in low-permea...By investigating the performance characteristics of the bio-based surfactant 8901A,a composite decontamination and injection system was developed using 8901A as the primary agent,tailored for application in low-permeability and heavy oil reservoirs under varying temperature conditions.The results demonstrate that this system effectively reduces oil–water interfacial tension,achieving an ultra-low interfacial tension state.The static oil washing efficiency of oil sands exceeds 85%,the average pressure reduction rate reaches 21.55%,and the oil recovery rate improves by 13.54%.These enhancements significantly increase the system’s ability to dissolve oilbased blockages,thereby lowering water injection pressure caused by organic fouling,increasing the injection volume of injection wells,and ultimately improving oil recovery efficiency.展开更多
In the context of transitioning toward more sustainable construction materials,this study explores the impact of incorporating millet husks as an alternative to sand on the physical,mechanical,and thermal performance ...In the context of transitioning toward more sustainable construction materials,this study explores the impact of incorporating millet husks as an alternative to sand on the physical,mechanical,and thermal performance of lightweight concrete.Through a mixture design approach,five formulations were selected and thoroughly characterized.The analysis of iso-response curves enabled an in-depth assessment of the cross-effects between formulation parameters and their interactions on the final properties of the material.The results show that integrating millet husks leads to a significant reduction in density,reaching up to 21%,while maintaining notable mechanical performance.A balanced formulation of sand and fibers achieved a maximum compressive strength of 12.11 MPa,demonstrating that,under specific conditions,plant fibers actively contribute to the structural integrity of the composite.In tensile strength,the positive influence of fibers is even more pronounced,with a maximum resistance of 8.62 MPa,highlighting their role in enhancing material cohesion.From a thermal perspective,millet husks reduce both thermal conductivity and effusivity,thereby limiting heat transfer and accumulation within the composite.Iso-response curve analysis reveals that these effects are directly linked to the proportions of the constituents and that achieving an optimal balance between sand,fibers,and cement is key to maximizing performance.These findings demonstrate that the adopted approach allows moving beyond conventional substitution methods by identifying optimal configurations for the design of lightweight bio-based concretes that are both strong and insulating,thereby confirming the potential of millet husks in developing lightweight concretes suitable for sustainable construction applications.展开更多
An efficient and novel approach is proposed for oxidative arylation of bio-based furfuryl alcohol(FA)to aryl furans(AFs),a versatile monomer of photoelectric materials,in the presence of UiO-67-Pd(F)with phenanthrolin...An efficient and novel approach is proposed for oxidative arylation of bio-based furfuryl alcohol(FA)to aryl furans(AFs),a versatile monomer of photoelectric materials,in the presence of UiO-67-Pd(F)with phenanthroline/bipyridine,and poly-F substituted phenyl ligands as the mixture linkers.The results of control experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that the–F on the phenyl linkers efficiently tunes the electron-deficient nature of Pd through the Zr_(6) clusters bridges,which favors the adsorption and activation of the furan ring.Furthermore,the conjugation of different nitrogen-containing ligands facilitates Pd coordination for the Heck-type insertion and subsequent electrophilic palladation,respectively.As a result,the oxidative arylation of FA derivatives is substantially enhanced because of these electronic and steric synergistic effects.Under the optimized conditions,72.2%FA conversion and 74.8%mono aryl furan(MAF)selectivity are shown in the Heck-type insertion.Meanwhile,85.3%of MAF is converted,affording 74.8%selectivity of final product(AFs)in the subsequent electrophilic palladation reaction.This process efficiency is remarkably higher than that with homogeneous catalysts.In addition,furan-benzene polymer obtained from the halogen-free synthesis catalyzed by UiO-67-Pd(F)show significantly better properties than that from conventional Suzuki coupling method.Therefore,the present work provides a new insight for useful AFs synthesis by oxidative arylation of bio-furan via rational tunning the metal center micro-environment of heterogeneous catalyst.展开更多
The addition of high-content crumb rubber(HCCR)in asphalt can effectively address waste tire pollution and provide sustainable environmental and economic advantages.However,the practical application of conventional ru...The addition of high-content crumb rubber(HCCR)in asphalt can effectively address waste tire pollution and provide sustainable environmental and economic advantages.However,the practical application of conventional rubberized binders is significantly limited by high viscosity and poor storage stability.To address these issues,researchers have pretreated crumb rubber(CR)with oil,but high-temperature performance remains insufficient.Therefore,this study aimed to optimize the viscosity,storage stability,and rheological properties of high-content crumb rubber-modified asphalt(HCCRMA)by varying the pretreatment levels of CR and incorporating various additives,including styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS),deoiled asphalt(DA),or recycled low-density polyethylene(RLDPE).In addition,CR was pretreated with waste cooking oil(WCO)at various ratios,pre-swelling temperatures,and times.The results show that DA exhibits excellent storage stability and lower viscosity compared with other modifiers in HCCRMA,and the 4%RLDPE with pretreated HCCR has the greatest high-temperature rutting resistance.The inclusion of RLDPE increases the stiffness and elasticity of the modified asphalt,which results in greater high-temperature performance.Additionally,the fluorescence microscopy(FM)test confirms that SBS exhibits better dispersion than other modifiers and forms a more homogeneous phase separation in the HCCRMA.All in all,this research achieved an optimal balance of storage stability and rheological properties in asphalt modified with pretreated HCCR and 6%SBS,which provides a valuable reference for performance improvement of HCCR-modified binders.展开更多
In recent years,the amount of waste generated during milling has increased dramatically,and improper disposal poses a significant environmental challenge.To mitigate environmental pollution and enhance the road perfor...In recent years,the amount of waste generated during milling has increased dramatically,and improper disposal poses a significant environmental challenge.To mitigate environmental pollution and enhance the road performance of emulsified asphalt cold recycled mixtures(ECRM),this study employed recycled asphalt pavement(RAP)and reclaimed inorganic binder stabilized aggregate(RAI)as dual recycled materials for ECRM preparation.The blending ratios of reclaimed base and surface layer mixtures significantly influence ECRM's performance,with adjusted proportions substantially improving compressive strength and dynamic modulus.Firstly,three distinct proportioning options were developed for the recycled materials.Mix designs incorporating varying RAP/RAI ratios were used to determine the optimal mix parameters:moisture content,cement dosage,and emulsified asphalt content.Subsequently,comprehensive performance evaluations were conducted through high-temperature wheel tracking tests,freeze-thaw splitting tests,uniaxial compression tests,and dynamic modulus measurements to analyze the pavement characteristics of the three ECRM formulations.Experimental results demonstrate:Compared with ECRM with a blending ratio of RAP:RAI:new aggregate=30:50:20(Option 1),the dynamic stability,freeze-thaw splitting strength ratio,compressive strength,and compressive resilient modulus of ECRM under Option 3(RAP:RAI:new aggregate=50:30:20)decreased by 31.8%,5.2%,16.4%,and 13.1%,respectively.This indicates that increasing RAP content while reducing RAI proportion enhances the tensile strength of ECRM,yet adversely affects its high-temperature stability,moisture resistance,and compressive performance.This work not only addresses the challenge of jointly utilizing asphalt pavement waste and base waste,but also provides a cost-effective and sustainable method for the stable application of milling material resources in road engineering.展开更多
Dynamic thermal mechanical analysis was used to evaluate the viscoelasticity of asphalt.The parameters included the energy storage modulus(E),the loss modulus(E'),and the loss tangent(tanδ).The impact of three ki...Dynamic thermal mechanical analysis was used to evaluate the viscoelasticity of asphalt.The parameters included the energy storage modulus(E),the loss modulus(E'),and the loss tangent(tanδ).The impact of three kinds of particles containing CaCO_(3)with different size and structure on the mechanical properties was also measured.The addition of limestone increases the glass transition temperature,while nanoCaCO_(3)@SiO_(2)decreases the glass transition temperature.Nano-CaCO_(3)has a negligible effect on the glass transition temperature.The particle size of the limestone is 0.075 mm,which is a material at the micrometer level.During the heating process,it hinders the molecular movement and makes the material harder.Thus the glass transition temperature is relatively high.展开更多
To explore the best preparation process for terminal blend(TB)composite-modified asphalt and to filter its formulation with excellent performance,this study evaluates the performance of TB composite modified asphalt b...To explore the best preparation process for terminal blend(TB)composite-modified asphalt and to filter its formulation with excellent performance,this study evaluates the performance of TB composite modified asphalt by physical property index,microscopic morphology,rheological testing,and infrared spectroscopy on multiple scales.The results show that the best preparation process for TB-modified asphalt is stirring at 260℃ for 4 h at 400 rpm,which significantly reduces the modification time of the asphalt.From a physical property viewpoint,the TB composite-modified asphalt sample with 5% styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS)+1% aromatics+0.1% sulfur exhibits high-comprehensive,high-and low-temperature properties.More-over,its crosslinked mesh structure comprises black rubber particles uniformly interwoven in the middle,which further enhances the performance of the asphalt and results in an excellent performance formulation.In addition,the sample with 5%SBS content has a higher G*value and smaller δ value than that with 3%SBS content,indicating that its high-temperature resistance is improved.The effect of adding 3%SBS content on the viscoelastic ratio is,to some extent,less than that caused by 20% rubber powder.展开更多
A comprehensive full-sieve-hole grading correction method was used to adjust aggregate gradings.The fatigue properties of recycled concrete aggregate(RCA)asphalt mixtures were investigated using an improved indirect t...A comprehensive full-sieve-hole grading correction method was used to adjust aggregate gradings.The fatigue properties of recycled concrete aggregate(RCA)asphalt mixtures were investigated using an improved indirect tensile fatigue test under temperature-humidity coupling based on 20-year meteorological data of Beijing,and the degeneration mechanism was further explored by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy.The experimental results indicate that replacing 5-20 mm coarse limestone aggregate(LA)with RCA at a 50% substitution volume can mitigate the impact of RCA variations on the asphalt mixture proportioning design.All RCA asphalt mixtures have lower initial fatigue properties than the LA asphalt mixture.However,under temperature-humidity coupling,the long-term fatigue property of an RCA asphalt mixture with a low proportion of recycled brick exceeds that of the LA asphalt mixture,and the fatigue life decline rate of the RCA asphalt mixture during 10-year service decreases by approximately 25%.This is due to the penetration of the asphalt mortar into the RCA through the pores and cracks on the RCA surface.It forms an interfacial transition zone composed of asphalt mortar and cement mortar and further reduces the mixture damage caused by the water and freeze-thaw conditions.展开更多
It is essential to design economic and efficient tougheners to prepare high-performance epoxy resin;however,this has remained a huge challenge.Herein,an eco-friendly,low-cost,and facile-fabricated bio-based hyperbranc...It is essential to design economic and efficient tougheners to prepare high-performance epoxy resin;however,this has remained a huge challenge.Herein,an eco-friendly,low-cost,and facile-fabricated bio-based hyperbranched toughener,carboxylic acid-functionalized tannic acid(CATA),was successfully prepared and applicated to the preparation of solvent-free epoxy resins.The mechanical performance,morphology,structural characterization,and thermal characterization of toughened epoxy resin system were studied.The toughened epoxy resin system with only 1.0wt%CATA reached the highest impact strength,111%higher than the neat epoxy resin system.Notably,the tensile strength and elongation at break of toughened epoxy resin systems increased moderately with increasing CATA loading.Nonphase-separated hybrids with significant toughening effect were obtained.Additionally,the thermal stabilities of toughened epoxy resin systems decreased with increasing CATA loading.This study provides an eco-friendly,cost-effective,and facile approach for the preparation of high-performance,solvent-free epoxy resins with potential for practical applications in sealing integrated circuits and electrical devices fields.展开更多
In this work, a series of high performance bio-based polyurethanes（bio-PUs） were synthesized from polylactide（PLA）-based diols, different diisocyanates（TDI, MDI, HDI, IPDI） and chain extender 1,4-butanediol, in ...In this work, a series of high performance bio-based polyurethanes（bio-PUs） were synthesized from polylactide（PLA）-based diols, different diisocyanates（TDI, MDI, HDI, IPDI） and chain extender 1,4-butanediol, in which different soft and hard segments are used to adjust their transition temperatures and mechanical properties. Poly（lactide-co-caprolactone）copolymer diols（co-PLAols） instead of PLA diols as the soft segment improved the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the synthesized bio-PUs. Among them, MDI-based bio-PUs have the highest T_g（43.8 °C）, tensile strength（23.5 MPa） and modulus（380.8 MPa）, while HDI-based bio-PUs have the lowest T_g（21.4 °C） and highest elongation at break（580%）. Especially, the bio-PUs synthesized from co-PLAols and MDI demonstrate better mechanical properties,closed to petroleum-based commodities. Furthermore, the obtained bio-PUs display good shape memory properties at body temperature and cytocompatibility. Therefore, these bio-PUs are promising for applications in biomedical fields.展开更多
In this study, monoglycidyl silyl etherated eugenol(GSE) was synthesized as reactive epoxy diluent, and the chemical structure of GSE, intermediates, and products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spect...In this study, monoglycidyl silyl etherated eugenol(GSE) was synthesized as reactive epoxy diluent, and the chemical structure of GSE, intermediates, and products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance(~1 H-NMR). GSE existed as a potential bio-based reactive diluent for petroleum-based epoxy resin. The curing kinetics of EP/HHPA/GSE system was studied by non-isothermal DSC method. The kinetics parameters were calculated by using the Kissinger model, Crane model, Ozawa model, and β-T(temperature-heating rate) extrapolation, respectively. In addition, the effects of GSE on the thermo-mechanical properties and thermal stability of EP/HHPA/GSE systems were studied, indicating that GSE can effectively improve the toughness and thermal decomposition temperature of the epoxy system.展开更多
Many natural fibers are lightweight and display remarkable strength and toughness.These properties originate from the fibers’hierarchical structures,assembled from the molecular to macroscopic scale.The natural spinn...Many natural fibers are lightweight and display remarkable strength and toughness.These properties originate from the fibers’hierarchical structures,assembled from the molecular to macroscopic scale.The natural spinning systems that produce such fibers are highly energy efficient,inspiring researchers to mimic these processes to realize robust artificial spinning.Significant developments have been achieved in recent years toward the preparation of high-performance bio-based fibers.Beyond excellent mechanical properties,bio-based fibers can be functionalized with a series of new features,thus expanding their sophisticated applications in smart textiles,electronic sensors,and biomedical engineering.Here,recent progress in the construction of bio-based fibers is outlined.Various bioinspired spinning methods,strengthening strategies for mechanically strong fibers,and the diverse applications of these fibers are discussed.Moreover,challenges in reproducing the mechanical performance of natural systems and understanding their dynamic spinning process are presented.Finally,a perspective on the development of biological fibers is given.展开更多
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been widely used in the fields of medical, food and packaging due to its excellentbiocompatibility, good fiber-forming and film-forming properties. However, the high flammability of PVA has...Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been widely used in the fields of medical, food and packaging due to its excellentbiocompatibility, good fiber-forming and film-forming properties. However, the high flammability of PVA hasgreatly limited its wider applications. The flame-retardant PVA was prepared by melt blending of a bio-basedflame retardant (prepared from lignin, phosphoric acid and carbamide) with thermoplastic PVA (TPVA). Thechemical structure, morphology, thermal properties, mechanical properties, fire property and fluidity of thisflame retardant PVA were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope(SEM), thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA), impact tester, universal testing machine,horizontal-vertical burning tester, limiting oxygen indexer(LOI) and melt flow rate meter(MFR). The resultsshowed that the prepared flame retardant had good compatibility with the PVA substrate;The impact strength,melt flow rate, fire property and char residue of this PVA material increased with the content of bio-based flameretardant. When the content of flame retardant was of 20%, the five indices including impact strength, meltflow rate, UL-94 level, LOI and char residual were 11.3 KJ/m^(2), 21.2 g/10 min, V-0 UL-94 level, 33.1%, and19.2%, respectively. This research can promote the high-value utilization of lignin and the application ofPVA in the fields of fire protection.展开更多
文摘Aging plays a critical role in determining the durability and long-term performance of asphalt pavements,as it is influenced by both external factors(e.g.,temperature,ultraviolet(UV)radiation,moisture,oxidative gases)and internal factors such as binder composition.Although laboratory simulations of aging are well established for conventional bituminous binders,limited attention has been paid to replicating and evaluating aging processes in bio-based binders.This review provides a comprehensive analysis of current laboratory techniques for simulating and assessing binder aging,with a focus on two key areas:aging simulation protocols and evaluation methodologies.The analysis shows that although several efforts have been made to incorporate external aging factors into lab simulations,significant challenges persist,especially in the case of bio-based binders,which are characterized by a high variability in composition and limited understanding of their aging behavior.Current evaluation approaches also exhibit limitations.Improvements are needed in the molecular-level analysis of oxidation(e.g.,through more representative oxidation modelsin molecular dynamicssimulations),in the separation and quantification of binder constituents,and in the application of advanced techniques such as fluorescence microscopy to better characterize polymer dispersion.To enhance the reliability of laboratory simulations,future research should aim to improve the correlation between laboratory and field aging,define robust aging indexes,and refine characterization methods.These advancements are particularly critical for bio-based binders,whose performance is highly sensitive to aging and for which standard test protocols are still underdeveloped.A deeper understanding of aging mechanisms in both polymer-modified and biobased binders,along with improved analytical tools for assessing oxidative degradation and morphological changes,will be essential to support the development of sustainable,high-performance paving materials.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22293011,T2341001)the Major Science and Technology Project of Anhui Province(202203a06020010).
文摘Epoxy resins are widely employed in wind turbine blades,drone rotors,and automotive interiors due to their excel-lent mechani-cal proper-ties and long service life.However,their insoluble and infusible cross-linked networks pose a significant re-cycling challenge,particularly with the impending retirement of the first generation of wind turbine blades.In this work,we reported a fully bio-based epoxy Vitrimer(FEP)incorporat-ing a dual-dynamic covalent network design and systematically investigated the influence of the 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene(TBD)catalyst on its curing kinetics,thermal/mechan-ical properties,dynamic exchange behavior,and degradation performance in a mild alkaline solution.Compared to conventional epoxy resins,FEP exhibited superior tensile strength and elongation at break at an optimal TBD concentration(2 wt%),achieving an excellent strength-toughness balance.The presence of TBD accelerated the exchange rates of both disulfide and ester bonds,endowing FEP with notable stress relaxation at elevated tempera-tures.Moreover,FEP demonstrated complete dissolution in 1 mol/L NaOH within 6 h at 25℃.These results underscored the exceptional strength,toughness,and recyclability of FEP,positioning it as a promising,environmentally friendly matrix resin for next-generation appli-cations in the new energy sector.
基金supported by the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(Nos.U21A20288 and 21978280).
文摘Developing green and efficient methods to acquire lignocellulose-based chemicals with high added value is beneficial for facilitating green chemistry and sustainable development.The goal of this study is to demonstrate that bio-based benzaldehyde,a noteworthy high-value chemical,is able to be directionally prepared from lignocellulosic biomass.This new control-lable transformation was materialized by uniting catalytic-pyrolysis of lignocellulose to toluene intermediate and catalytic oxidation of toluene intermediate to bio-based benzalde-hyde.This work also developed a highly active magnetic catalyst(CoFe_(2)O_(4)@Biochar(HTR)),achieving 77.1%benzaldehyde selectivity and 46.7%benzaldehyde yield using this catalyst.It was found that introducing the biochar carrier into the cobalt iron composite metal oxide cat-alyst enhanced hydroxyl radical formation and bio-based benzaldehyde synthesis.Based on catalyst characterizations and hydroxyl radical analysis,potential reaction mechanism for bio-based benzaldehyde synthesis was proposed.This strategy may provide a beneficial pathway for developing high-value bio-based chemical(benzaldehyde)using renewable lignocellulosic biomass.
基金the Swedish Research Council for Sustainable Development FORMAS(grant 2021-00527)Wangjie Wu acknowledges the scholarship funding of the CSC-KTH program.
文摘The pressing demand for sustainable advancements in road infrastructure has catalyzed extensive research into environmentally conscious alternatives for the maintenance and restoration of asphalt concrete pavements.This paper offers a comprehensive review and analysis of bio-based rejuvenators as a promising avenue for enhancing the longevity and sustainability of asphalt.Through a multifaceted exploration,it delves into various aspects of this innovative approach.Providing a thorough overview of bio-based rejuvenators,the study highlights their renewable and environmentally friendly characteristics.It conducts an in-depth examination of a wide spectrum of bio-derived materials,including vegetable oils,waste-derived bio-products,and biopolymers,through a comprehensive survey.The paper evaluates how bio-based rejuvenators enhance aged asphalt binders and mixes,effectively mitigating the adverse impacts of aging.Furthermore,it investigates how these rejuvenators address environmental concerns by identifying compatibility issues,assessing long-term performance,and evaluating economic feasibility.Finally,the paper outlines potential advancements and research pathways aimed at optimizing the utilization of bio-based rejuvenators in asphalt concrete,thereby contributing to the sustainable evolution of road infrastructure.
基金supported by the Key R&D Project in Shaanxi Province(No.2024GX-YBXM-371)Shaanxi Qinchuangyuan Scientists+Engineers Team Construction Project(2025QCY-KXJ-141).
文摘With the escalating global emphasis on environmental conservation and sustainable development,enhancing the service quality and durability of road surfaces and facilitating the green development of highways have commanded considerable attention.Bio-based polyurethane,on account of its remarkable physical and chemical properties,green,sustainable and renewable capacity,as well as its structural design capabilities,has drawn widespread attention and numerous studies have been carried out.It has gradually started to substitute traditional petroleum-based polyurethane materials in road engineering.Nevertheless,the application of bio-based polyurethane materials in road engineering remains in the exploratory phase.To stimulate the application research of bio-based polyurethane materials in road engineering and offer additional research directions,this paper reviews the research advancements of bio-based polyurethane materials and their applications in road engineering.The fundamental classification of bio-based polyurethane is introduced.The characteristics and challenges associated with various preparation methods for bio-based polyurethane are described.The influence of bio-based polyurethane on road engineering materials are analyzed.The evaluation indicators of bio-based polyurethane within the life cycle of road engineering are investigated.Finally,the development tendency towards in road engineering applications are forecasted.This paper provides a reference for the study of bio-based polyurethane materials in road engineering applications.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(222102230031)Key Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province(23A430018)Natural Science Foundation of Henan(252300420267).
文摘The current global shortage of oil resources and the pollution problems caused by traditional barrier materials urgently require the search for new substitutes.Biodegradable bio-based barrier materials possess the characteristics of being renewable,environmentally friendly,and having excellent barrier properties.They have become an important choice in fields such as food packaging,agricultural film covering,and medical protection.This review systematically analyzes the design and research of this type of material,classifying biobased and biodegradable barrier materials based on the sources of raw materials and synthesis pathways.It also provides a detailed introduction to the latest research progress of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,discussing the synthesis methods and improvement measures of their barrier properties.Subsequently,it analyzes the related technologies for enhancing the barrier properties of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,and finally looks forward to the directions that future research should focus on,promoting the transition of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials from the laboratory to industrial applications.
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M743622)Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo City(No.2024J109)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.E52307038 and U23A20589)Ningbo 2025 Key Scientific Research Programs(Nos.2022Z111,2022Z160 and 2022Z198)the Leading Innovativeand Entrepreneur Team Introduction Program of Zhejiang(No.2021R01005).
文摘The demand for energy-efficient and environmental-friendly power grid construction has made the exploitation of bio-based electrical epoxy resins with excellent properties increasingly important.This work developed the bio-based electrotechnical epoxy resins based on magnolol.High-performance epoxy resin(DGEMT)with a double crosslinked points and its composites(Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT)were obtained taking advantages of the two bifunctional groups(allyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups)of magnolol.Benefitting from the distinctive structure of DGEMT,the Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT composites exhibited the advantages of intrinsically high thermal conductivity,high insulation,and low dielectric loss.The AC breakdown strength and thermal conductivity of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT composites were 35.5 kV/mm and 1.19 W·m-1·K-1,respectively,which were 15.6%and 52.6%higher than those of petroleum-based composites(Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEBA).And its dielectric loss tanδ=0.0046 was 20.7%lower than that of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEBA.Furthermore,the mechanical,thermal and processing properties of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEMT are fully comparable to those of Al_(2)O_(3)/DGEBA.This work confirms the feasibility of manufacturing environmentally friendly power equipment using bio-based epoxy resins,which has excellent engineering applications.
文摘By investigating the performance characteristics of the bio-based surfactant 8901A,a composite decontamination and injection system was developed using 8901A as the primary agent,tailored for application in low-permeability and heavy oil reservoirs under varying temperature conditions.The results demonstrate that this system effectively reduces oil–water interfacial tension,achieving an ultra-low interfacial tension state.The static oil washing efficiency of oil sands exceeds 85%,the average pressure reduction rate reaches 21.55%,and the oil recovery rate improves by 13.54%.These enhancements significantly increase the system’s ability to dissolve oilbased blockages,thereby lowering water injection pressure caused by organic fouling,increasing the injection volume of injection wells,and ultimately improving oil recovery efficiency.
文摘In the context of transitioning toward more sustainable construction materials,this study explores the impact of incorporating millet husks as an alternative to sand on the physical,mechanical,and thermal performance of lightweight concrete.Through a mixture design approach,five formulations were selected and thoroughly characterized.The analysis of iso-response curves enabled an in-depth assessment of the cross-effects between formulation parameters and their interactions on the final properties of the material.The results show that integrating millet husks leads to a significant reduction in density,reaching up to 21%,while maintaining notable mechanical performance.A balanced formulation of sand and fibers achieved a maximum compressive strength of 12.11 MPa,demonstrating that,under specific conditions,plant fibers actively contribute to the structural integrity of the composite.In tensile strength,the positive influence of fibers is even more pronounced,with a maximum resistance of 8.62 MPa,highlighting their role in enhancing material cohesion.From a thermal perspective,millet husks reduce both thermal conductivity and effusivity,thereby limiting heat transfer and accumulation within the composite.Iso-response curve analysis reveals that these effects are directly linked to the proportions of the constituents and that achieving an optimal balance between sand,fibers,and cement is key to maximizing performance.These findings demonstrate that the adopted approach allows moving beyond conventional substitution methods by identifying optimal configurations for the design of lightweight bio-based concretes that are both strong and insulating,thereby confirming the potential of millet husks in developing lightweight concretes suitable for sustainable construction applications.
文摘An efficient and novel approach is proposed for oxidative arylation of bio-based furfuryl alcohol(FA)to aryl furans(AFs),a versatile monomer of photoelectric materials,in the presence of UiO-67-Pd(F)with phenanthroline/bipyridine,and poly-F substituted phenyl ligands as the mixture linkers.The results of control experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that the–F on the phenyl linkers efficiently tunes the electron-deficient nature of Pd through the Zr_(6) clusters bridges,which favors the adsorption and activation of the furan ring.Furthermore,the conjugation of different nitrogen-containing ligands facilitates Pd coordination for the Heck-type insertion and subsequent electrophilic palladation,respectively.As a result,the oxidative arylation of FA derivatives is substantially enhanced because of these electronic and steric synergistic effects.Under the optimized conditions,72.2%FA conversion and 74.8%mono aryl furan(MAF)selectivity are shown in the Heck-type insertion.Meanwhile,85.3%of MAF is converted,affording 74.8%selectivity of final product(AFs)in the subsequent electrophilic palladation reaction.This process efficiency is remarkably higher than that with homogeneous catalysts.In addition,furan-benzene polymer obtained from the halogen-free synthesis catalyzed by UiO-67-Pd(F)show significantly better properties than that from conventional Suzuki coupling method.Therefore,the present work provides a new insight for useful AFs synthesis by oxidative arylation of bio-furan via rational tunning the metal center micro-environment of heterogeneous catalyst.
基金supported by the Transportation Science and Technology Program of Henan Province(grant number:2023-4-2)the Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Science and Technology Department(grant number:2022BEG02008)+2 种基金China Communications Construction Group Co.,Ltd.Science and Technology R&D Project(grant number:2021KJW02)the Research and Development Program of Henan Transportation Investment Group Co.,Ltd.(grant number:HNJT2025-1-9)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(grand number:GZC20251139).
文摘The addition of high-content crumb rubber(HCCR)in asphalt can effectively address waste tire pollution and provide sustainable environmental and economic advantages.However,the practical application of conventional rubberized binders is significantly limited by high viscosity and poor storage stability.To address these issues,researchers have pretreated crumb rubber(CR)with oil,but high-temperature performance remains insufficient.Therefore,this study aimed to optimize the viscosity,storage stability,and rheological properties of high-content crumb rubber-modified asphalt(HCCRMA)by varying the pretreatment levels of CR and incorporating various additives,including styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS),deoiled asphalt(DA),or recycled low-density polyethylene(RLDPE).In addition,CR was pretreated with waste cooking oil(WCO)at various ratios,pre-swelling temperatures,and times.The results show that DA exhibits excellent storage stability and lower viscosity compared with other modifiers in HCCRMA,and the 4%RLDPE with pretreated HCCR has the greatest high-temperature rutting resistance.The inclusion of RLDPE increases the stiffness and elasticity of the modified asphalt,which results in greater high-temperature performance.Additionally,the fluorescence microscopy(FM)test confirms that SBS exhibits better dispersion than other modifiers and forms a more homogeneous phase separation in the HCCRMA.All in all,this research achieved an optimal balance of storage stability and rheological properties in asphalt modified with pretreated HCCR and 6%SBS,which provides a valuable reference for performance improvement of HCCR-modified binders.
基金sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52308466)SASAC Science and Technology Innovation Project(JF-23-01-0063)Shaanxi Provincial Transportation Research Project(25-84 K,25-85 K).
文摘In recent years,the amount of waste generated during milling has increased dramatically,and improper disposal poses a significant environmental challenge.To mitigate environmental pollution and enhance the road performance of emulsified asphalt cold recycled mixtures(ECRM),this study employed recycled asphalt pavement(RAP)and reclaimed inorganic binder stabilized aggregate(RAI)as dual recycled materials for ECRM preparation.The blending ratios of reclaimed base and surface layer mixtures significantly influence ECRM's performance,with adjusted proportions substantially improving compressive strength and dynamic modulus.Firstly,three distinct proportioning options were developed for the recycled materials.Mix designs incorporating varying RAP/RAI ratios were used to determine the optimal mix parameters:moisture content,cement dosage,and emulsified asphalt content.Subsequently,comprehensive performance evaluations were conducted through high-temperature wheel tracking tests,freeze-thaw splitting tests,uniaxial compression tests,and dynamic modulus measurements to analyze the pavement characteristics of the three ECRM formulations.Experimental results demonstrate:Compared with ECRM with a blending ratio of RAP:RAI:new aggregate=30:50:20(Option 1),the dynamic stability,freeze-thaw splitting strength ratio,compressive strength,and compressive resilient modulus of ECRM under Option 3(RAP:RAI:new aggregate=50:30:20)decreased by 31.8%,5.2%,16.4%,and 13.1%,respectively.This indicates that increasing RAP content while reducing RAI proportion enhances the tensile strength of ECRM,yet adversely affects its high-temperature stability,moisture resistance,and compressive performance.This work not only addresses the challenge of jointly utilizing asphalt pavement waste and base waste,but also provides a cost-effective and sustainable method for the stable application of milling material resources in road engineering.
基金Funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52472033)。
文摘Dynamic thermal mechanical analysis was used to evaluate the viscoelasticity of asphalt.The parameters included the energy storage modulus(E),the loss modulus(E'),and the loss tangent(tanδ).The impact of three kinds of particles containing CaCO_(3)with different size and structure on the mechanical properties was also measured.The addition of limestone increases the glass transition temperature,while nanoCaCO_(3)@SiO_(2)decreases the glass transition temperature.Nano-CaCO_(3)has a negligible effect on the glass transition temperature.The particle size of the limestone is 0.075 mm,which is a material at the micrometer level.During the heating process,it hinders the molecular movement and makes the material harder.Thus the glass transition temperature is relatively high.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52278446)。
文摘To explore the best preparation process for terminal blend(TB)composite-modified asphalt and to filter its formulation with excellent performance,this study evaluates the performance of TB composite modified asphalt by physical property index,microscopic morphology,rheological testing,and infrared spectroscopy on multiple scales.The results show that the best preparation process for TB-modified asphalt is stirring at 260℃ for 4 h at 400 rpm,which significantly reduces the modification time of the asphalt.From a physical property viewpoint,the TB composite-modified asphalt sample with 5% styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS)+1% aromatics+0.1% sulfur exhibits high-comprehensive,high-and low-temperature properties.More-over,its crosslinked mesh structure comprises black rubber particles uniformly interwoven in the middle,which further enhances the performance of the asphalt and results in an excellent performance formulation.In addition,the sample with 5%SBS content has a higher G*value and smaller δ value than that with 3%SBS content,indicating that its high-temperature resistance is improved.The effect of adding 3%SBS content on the viscoelastic ratio is,to some extent,less than that caused by 20% rubber powder.
基金Funded by"Green Construction and Maintenance of Road Engineering"the Belt and Road Joint Laboratory,International(Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan)Science and Technology Cooperation Project(No.Z251100007125040)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3803403)+3 种基金the Project of Construction and Support for High-level Innovative Teams of Beijing Municipal Institutions(No.BPHR20220109)the Cultivation Project Funds for Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture(No.X24013)the BUCEA Doctor Graduate Scientific Research Ability Improvement Project(No.DG2024016)the China Scholarship Council(No.202408110091)。
文摘A comprehensive full-sieve-hole grading correction method was used to adjust aggregate gradings.The fatigue properties of recycled concrete aggregate(RCA)asphalt mixtures were investigated using an improved indirect tensile fatigue test under temperature-humidity coupling based on 20-year meteorological data of Beijing,and the degeneration mechanism was further explored by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy.The experimental results indicate that replacing 5-20 mm coarse limestone aggregate(LA)with RCA at a 50% substitution volume can mitigate the impact of RCA variations on the asphalt mixture proportioning design.All RCA asphalt mixtures have lower initial fatigue properties than the LA asphalt mixture.However,under temperature-humidity coupling,the long-term fatigue property of an RCA asphalt mixture with a low proportion of recycled brick exceeds that of the LA asphalt mixture,and the fatigue life decline rate of the RCA asphalt mixture during 10-year service decreases by approximately 25%.This is due to the penetration of the asphalt mortar into the RCA through the pores and cracks on the RCA surface.It forms an interfacial transition zone composed of asphalt mortar and cement mortar and further reduces the mixture damage caused by the water and freeze-thaw conditions.
基金from the Special Fund for the Program for Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ16C160001)National Key Research and Development Program(2017YFD0601105),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21806142)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LY20B070002).
文摘It is essential to design economic and efficient tougheners to prepare high-performance epoxy resin;however,this has remained a huge challenge.Herein,an eco-friendly,low-cost,and facile-fabricated bio-based hyperbranched toughener,carboxylic acid-functionalized tannic acid(CATA),was successfully prepared and applicated to the preparation of solvent-free epoxy resins.The mechanical performance,morphology,structural characterization,and thermal characterization of toughened epoxy resin system were studied.The toughened epoxy resin system with only 1.0wt%CATA reached the highest impact strength,111%higher than the neat epoxy resin system.Notably,the tensile strength and elongation at break of toughened epoxy resin systems increased moderately with increasing CATA loading.Nonphase-separated hybrids with significant toughening effect were obtained.Additionally,the thermal stabilities of toughened epoxy resin systems decreased with increasing CATA loading.This study provides an eco-friendly,cost-effective,and facile approach for the preparation of high-performance,solvent-free epoxy resins with potential for practical applications in sealing integrated circuits and electrical devices fields.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21404112)Ningbo Key Scientific and Technological Project(No.2014B10023)+2 种基金Ningbo Natural Science Foundation(No.2015A610016)Open Project of Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies(No.2016K07)Ningbo Science and Technology Innovation Team(No.2015B11003)
文摘In this work, a series of high performance bio-based polyurethanes（bio-PUs） were synthesized from polylactide（PLA）-based diols, different diisocyanates（TDI, MDI, HDI, IPDI） and chain extender 1,4-butanediol, in which different soft and hard segments are used to adjust their transition temperatures and mechanical properties. Poly（lactide-co-caprolactone）copolymer diols（co-PLAols） instead of PLA diols as the soft segment improved the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the synthesized bio-PUs. Among them, MDI-based bio-PUs have the highest T_g（43.8 °C）, tensile strength（23.5 MPa） and modulus（380.8 MPa）, while HDI-based bio-PUs have the lowest T_g（21.4 °C） and highest elongation at break（580%）. Especially, the bio-PUs synthesized from co-PLAols and MDI demonstrate better mechanical properties,closed to petroleum-based commodities. Furthermore, the obtained bio-PUs display good shape memory properties at body temperature and cytocompatibility. Therefore, these bio-PUs are promising for applications in biomedical fields.
基金the financial support provided by "One Hundred Talented People" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences–China (No. Y60707WR04)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No. Y16B040008)
文摘In this study, monoglycidyl silyl etherated eugenol(GSE) was synthesized as reactive epoxy diluent, and the chemical structure of GSE, intermediates, and products were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance(~1 H-NMR). GSE existed as a potential bio-based reactive diluent for petroleum-based epoxy resin. The curing kinetics of EP/HHPA/GSE system was studied by non-isothermal DSC method. The kinetics parameters were calculated by using the Kissinger model, Crane model, Ozawa model, and β-T(temperature-heating rate) extrapolation, respectively. In addition, the effects of GSE on the thermo-mechanical properties and thermal stability of EP/HHPA/GSE systems were studied, indicating that GSE can effectively improve the toughness and thermal decomposition temperature of the epoxy system.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1103900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075244 and 51722306)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LZ22E030001)Shanxi-Zheda Institute of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engi-neering(2021SZ-TD009).
文摘Many natural fibers are lightweight and display remarkable strength and toughness.These properties originate from the fibers’hierarchical structures,assembled from the molecular to macroscopic scale.The natural spinning systems that produce such fibers are highly energy efficient,inspiring researchers to mimic these processes to realize robust artificial spinning.Significant developments have been achieved in recent years toward the preparation of high-performance bio-based fibers.Beyond excellent mechanical properties,bio-based fibers can be functionalized with a series of new features,thus expanding their sophisticated applications in smart textiles,electronic sensors,and biomedical engineering.Here,recent progress in the construction of bio-based fibers is outlined.Various bioinspired spinning methods,strengthening strategies for mechanically strong fibers,and the diverse applications of these fibers are discussed.Moreover,challenges in reproducing the mechanical performance of natural systems and understanding their dynamic spinning process are presented.Finally,a perspective on the development of biological fibers is given.
基金This work was financially supported by the following funds:National Natural Science Foundation of China(51803055)Hunan Provincial Natural Foundation of China(2019JJ50472)+5 种基金Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department of China(18C0979,19A391)Opening Fund of National&Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for New Petro-chemical Materials and Fine Utilization of Resources(KF201802)Hunan Province Key Field R&D Program Project(2019GK2246)Key Scientific Research Project of Huaihua University(HHUY2019-04)Hunan Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2018GK2062)Science and Technology Plan Project of Huaihua City(2020R3101).
文摘Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been widely used in the fields of medical, food and packaging due to its excellentbiocompatibility, good fiber-forming and film-forming properties. However, the high flammability of PVA hasgreatly limited its wider applications. The flame-retardant PVA was prepared by melt blending of a bio-basedflame retardant (prepared from lignin, phosphoric acid and carbamide) with thermoplastic PVA (TPVA). Thechemical structure, morphology, thermal properties, mechanical properties, fire property and fluidity of thisflame retardant PVA were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer(FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope(SEM), thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA), impact tester, universal testing machine,horizontal-vertical burning tester, limiting oxygen indexer(LOI) and melt flow rate meter(MFR). The resultsshowed that the prepared flame retardant had good compatibility with the PVA substrate;The impact strength,melt flow rate, fire property and char residue of this PVA material increased with the content of bio-based flameretardant. When the content of flame retardant was of 20%, the five indices including impact strength, meltflow rate, UL-94 level, LOI and char residual were 11.3 KJ/m^(2), 21.2 g/10 min, V-0 UL-94 level, 33.1%, and19.2%, respectively. This research can promote the high-value utilization of lignin and the application ofPVA in the fields of fire protection.
