MoO_2 nanocrystals(NCs) on Ni foam were simply synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method and a dip-coating method. It was worth noting that ultrafine interconnected MoO_2 nanocrystals(about 10 nm) were uniformly an...MoO_2 nanocrystals(NCs) on Ni foam were simply synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method and a dip-coating method. It was worth noting that ultrafine interconnected MoO_2 nanocrystals(about 10 nm) were uniformly anchored on Ni foam to fabricate a particular three-dimensional architecture, which may provide more active sites and shorter transmission pathways for lithium ions. As binder-free anode, MoO_2 NCs on Ni foam deliver a high initial discharge capacity of 990 mAh·g^(-1) and retain a reversible capacity of 924 mAh· g(-1) after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.1 C. More importantly, when the current density returns from 2 C to 0.1 C, the capacity recovers to 910 mAh·g(-1)(about 92% of the original high capacity), suggesting excellent cycling stability and rate capability. The particular 3 D electrode as binder-free anode makes it a promising anode candidate for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
Alloyed-type anode materials with high-energy density for lithium and sodium ion batteries attracted much attention of the researchers. However, substantial volume expansion of these materials in the devices during re...Alloyed-type anode materials with high-energy density for lithium and sodium ion batteries attracted much attention of the researchers. However, substantial volume expansion of these materials in the devices during repeated electrochemical process leads to fast capacity fading and hinders their further practical application. Nanotechnology could act as a useful tool to effectively address the issue. Herein, lotus-stalk Bi4Ge3O12 nanosheets vertically grown on the nickel foam (denoted as Bi4Ge3O12 NSs@NF) were prepared via a straight-forward solvothermal method. Benefiting from their three dimensional (3D) conductive framework and two dimensional (2D) lotus-stalk Bi4Ge3O12 nanosheet structure, as anode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (NIBs), the electrochemical performances of Bi4Ge3O12 NSs@NF were greatly enhanced as a result of mitigating the huge volume variations during cycles. The Bi4Ge3O12 NSs@NF electrodes delivered a high reversible capacity of 1033.1 mAh/g for the first cycle and exhibited 68.6%capacity retention of after 88 cycles at 0.10 A/g in the voltage window of 0.01~3.0 V versus Li/Li+. In the test of NIBs, the lotus-stalk Bi4Ge3O12 composite electrodes still stored Na+as high as 332.3 mAh/g at 0.10 A/g over 100 sodiation/desodiation repeating cycles.展开更多
Owing to the wide range and low cost of sodium resources,sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have received extensive attention and research.Metal sulfides with high theoretical capacity are used as promising anode materials for...Owing to the wide range and low cost of sodium resources,sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have received extensive attention and research.Metal sulfides with high theoretical capacity are used as promising anode materials for SIBs.This paper presents the electrochemical performance of the binder-free NiS_(2)nanosheet arrays grown on stainless steel(SS)substrate(NiS_(2)/SS)using an in situ growth and sulfidation strategy as anode for sodium ion batteries.Owing to the close connection between the NiS_(2)nanosheet arrays and the SS current collector,the NiS_(2)/SS anode demonstrates high rate capability with a reversible capacity of 492.5 mAh·g^(-1)at 5.0C rate.Such rate capability is superior to that of NiS_(2)nanoparticles(NiS_(2)/CMC:41.7 mAh·g^(-1)at 5.0C,NiS_(2)/PVDF:7.3 mAh·g^(-1)at 5.0C)and other Ni sulfides(100–450 mAh·g^(-1)at 5.0C)reported.Furthermore,the initial reversible specific capacity and Coulombic efficiency of NiS_(2)/SS are 786.5 mAh·g^(-1)and 81%,respec-tively,demonstrating a better sodium storage ability than those of most NiS_(2)anodes reported for SIBs.In addition,the amorphization and conversion mechanism during the sodiation/desodiation process of NiS_(2)are proposed after investigation by in situ X-ray diffraction(XRD)measurements of intermediate products at successive charge/discharge stages.展开更多
Generally,the practical capacity of an electrode should include the weight of non-active components such as current collector,polymer binder,and conductive additives,which were as high as 70 wt%in current reported wor...Generally,the practical capacity of an electrode should include the weight of non-active components such as current collector,polymer binder,and conductive additives,which were as high as 70 wt%in current reported works,seriously limiting the practical capacity.This work pioneered the usage of ultralight reduced graphene fiber(rGF)fabrics as conductive scaffolds,aiming to reduce the weight of nonactive components and enhance the practical capacity.Ultrathin SnS2 nanosheets/rGF hybrids were prepared and used as binder-free electrodes of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).The interfused graphene fibers endow the electrode a porous,continuous,and conductive network.The in situ phase transformation from SnO2 to SnS2 could preserve the strong interfacial interactions between SnS2 and graphene.Benefitting from these,the designed binder-free electrode delivers a high specific capacity of 500 mAh g?1 after 500 cycles at a current rate of 0.5 A g?1 with almost 100%Coulombic efficiency.Furthermore,the weight percentage of SnS2 in the whole electrode could reach up to 67.2 wt%,much higher than that of common electrode configurations using Cu foil,Al foil,or carbon cloth,significantly highlighting the ultralight characters and advantages of the rGF fabrics for using as binder-free electrodes of SIBs.展开更多
Antimony-based materials are considered as promising anodes for potassium ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity and low electrode potential. However, the aggregation and bulk expansion of Sb particles i...Antimony-based materials are considered as promising anodes for potassium ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity and low electrode potential. However, the aggregation and bulk expansion of Sb particles in cycling will cause capacity attenuation and poor rate performance. In this paper, Sb nanoplates were designed to be embedded in flexible porous N-dopped carbon nanofibers(Sb@PCNFs)by a simple electrospinning deposition(ESD) method. In this structural design, Sb nanoplates of high capacity were employed as active materials, N-dopped carbon nanofibers were used to improve conductivity and structural stability. The introduction of pore-forming agent enables the nanofibers to possess porous structure, thus buffering the huge volume change and promoting the transfer of electrolyte/ions.More importantly, the freestanding film can be directly used as a working electrode, reducing the redundancy in the battery and the cost. Benefitting from the favorable structure, the freestanding flexible Sb@PCNFs electrode shows excellent potassium storage performance with a capacity of 314 m Ah/g after 2000 cycles at 500 m A/g. This strategy of employing active material with high capacity in porous and conductive flexible nanofibers represents an effective method of achieving binder-free electrode with good electrochemical performance towards wearable energy storage devices.展开更多
Sodium-ion batteries（SIBs） recently have received a worldwide attention due to the resource abundance of sodium and similar battery chemistry with lithium-ion batteries（LIBs）. However, search for suitable anodes f...Sodium-ion batteries（SIBs） recently have received a worldwide attention due to the resource abundance of sodium and similar battery chemistry with lithium-ion batteries（LIBs）. However, search for suitable anodes for SIBs still remains a challenge since graphitized carbon, the anode for commercial LIBs, usually exhibits low electrochemical Na-storage activity. In this work, a unique graphene-reinforced Ni3S2 thin film（Ni3S2/G） has been constructed and investigated as a promising anode for SIBs. The Ni3S2 thin film has a thickness of 200–300 nm and is composed of small sized crystals of around 100 nm. The graphene has a wrinkled surface profile which offers three-dimensional networks for electron conductivity and structural reinforcement. The Ni3S2/G thin film exhibits high capacity, excellent cycling stability and good rate capability due to the introduction of wrinkled graphene. Ni3S2/G can deliver a high initial capacity of 791 m Ah g-1at 50 m A g-1. The capacity can be maintained at 563 m Ah g-1after 110 cycles.This work provides a unique design for high-performance SIBs anodes.展开更多
Molybdenum sulfide(MoS_(2))with well-designed porous structure has the potential to be great electrode materials in sodium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and abundant resource,however,hindered by i...Molybdenum sulfide(MoS_(2))with well-designed porous structure has the potential to be great electrode materials in sodium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and abundant resource,however,hindered by its intrinsic low conductivity and stability.Herein,MoS_(2) with 3 D macroporous foam structure and high conductivity was obtained through SiO_(2) templates and integrated with carbon paper(3 D FMoS_(2)/CP).It has showed superior specific capacity(225 m A h g^(-1),0.4–3 V)and cycling stability(1000 cycles)at high rate(2000 m A g^(-1)),with a low decay rate(0.033%per cycle)in sodium-ion batteries.The excellent electrochemical performance may originate from its unique integrated structure:3 D MoS_(2) macropores providing high surface area and abundant transfer channels while carbon paper enhancing the conductivity of MoS_(2) and avoiding unnecessary side reactions brought by binder addition.展开更多
Cobalt sulphides attract much attention as anode materials for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).However,its poor conductivity,low initial column efficiency and large volume changes during cycling have hindered its further devel...Cobalt sulphides attract much attention as anode materials for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).However,its poor conductivity,low initial column efficiency and large volume changes during cycling have hindered its further development.Herein,novel interlaced CoS nanosheets were firstly prepared on Carbon Fiber Cloth(CFC)by two hydrothermal reactions followed with carbon coating via carbonizing dopamine(CoS NS@C/CFC).As a freestanding anode,the nanosheet structure of CoS not only accommodates the volume variation,but also provides a large interface area to proceed the charge transfer reaction.In addition,CFC works as both a three-dimensional skeleton and an active substance which can further improve the areal capacity of the resulting electrode.Furthermore,the coated carbon combined with the CFC work as a 3D conductive network to facilitate the electron conduction.The obtained CoS NS@C/CFC,and the contrast sample prepared with the same procedure but without carbon coating(CoS NS/CFC),are characterized with XRD,SEM,TEM,XPS and electrochemical measurements.The results show that the CoS NS@C/CFC possesses much improved electrochemical performance due to the synergistic effect of nanosheet CoS,the coated carbon and the CFC substrate,exhibiting high initial columbic efficiency(~87%),high areal capacity(2.5 at 0.15 mA cm−2),excellent rate performance(1.6 at 2.73 mA cm−2)and improved cycle stability(87.5%capacity retention after 300 cycles).This work may provide a new route to explore freestanding anodes with high areal specific capacity for LIBs.展开更多
As the anode active substance of lithium ions battery(LIB),the low conductivity/ion diffusivity and large volume changes of tungsten oxide(WO_(3))lead to its serious polarization during the lithiation/delithiation pro...As the anode active substance of lithium ions battery(LIB),the low conductivity/ion diffusivity and large volume changes of tungsten oxide(WO_(3))lead to its serious polarization during the lithiation/delithiation process,decreasing the cycling stability.To address these challenges,a binder-free anode consisting of nitrogen-doped tungsten oxide nanosheets,encapsulated in carbon layers(N-doped WO_(3)@CL)and entangled with carbon nanotubes macro-films(CMF),was successfully synthesized through a combination of hydrothermal and online assembly method.Compared with the pristine tungsten oxide entangled with carbon nanotubes macro-films(WO_(3)@CMF),the synthesized N-doped WO_(3)@CL@CMF as a binder-free LIB anode demonstrated better electrochemical performance,which could be attributed to(1)surface defects of WO_(3)created by N dopant providing more channels to improve Li^(+)diffusion,(2)the N-doped WO_(3)@CL with a flower-like structure shortening the diffusion length of Li^(+)ions and further leading to high Li^(+)incorporation,and(3)carbon layers and carbon nanotubes synergistically alleviating the large volume change of the N-doped WO_(3)@CL@CMF electrode during the charging and discharging process.The present study offers insights into employing nitrogen dopant and a carbon matrix to mediate the conductivity and wrapped structure in the WO_(3)semiconductor powder,which provides an important strategy for large-scale design of the binder-free LIB anode with high performance.展开更多
Eliminating the usage of metal current collectors and binders in traditional battery electrode configuration is an effective strategy to significantly improve the capacities of lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, we...Eliminating the usage of metal current collectors and binders in traditional battery electrode configuration is an effective strategy to significantly improve the capacities of lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, we demonstrate the construction of porous vanadium nitride (VN) nanosheet network in situ grown on nitrogen-rich (N-rich) carbon textile (N-C@P-VN) as lightweight and binder-free anode for LIBs. The N-rich carbon textile is used both as the current collector and host to store Li^(+), thus improving the specific capacities of binder-free VN anode and meanwhile reducing the inert mass of the whole cell. Moreover, the open spaces in carbon textile and vertically aligned pores in VN nanosheet network can not only provide an expressway for Li+ and e− transport, but also afford more active sites. As a result, the binder-free N-C@P-VN anode maintains a specific capacity of 1,040 mAh·g^(−1) (or an areal capacity of 2.6 mAh·cm^(−2)) after 100 cycles at 0.1 mA·cm^(−2) in half cell. Moreover, in an assembled N-C@P-VN//LiFePO4 full cell, it exhibits an areal capacity of 1.7 mAh·cm^(−2) after 300 cycles at 0.1 C. The synergistic strategy of N-C substrate and porous VN network could be applied to guide rational design of similar N-C@nitride or sulfide hybrid systems with corresponding sulfur-doped carbon textile as the substrate.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have garnered considerable attention as promising post-lithium energy storage technologies owing to their intrinsic safety,cost-effectiveness,and competitive gravimetric energy density...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have garnered considerable attention as promising post-lithium energy storage technologies owing to their intrinsic safety,cost-effectiveness,and competitive gravimetric energy density.However,their practical commercialization is hindered by critical challenges on the anode side,including dendrite growth and parasitic reactions at the anode/electrolyte interface.Recent studies highlight that rational electrolyte structure engineering offers an effective route to mitigate these issues and strengthen the electrochemical performance of the zinc metal anode.In this review,we systematically summarize state-of-the-art strategies for electrolyte optimization,with a particular focus on the zinc salts regulation,electrolyte additives,and the construction of novel electrolytes,while elucidating the underlying design principles.We further discuss the key structure–property relationships governing electrolyte behavior to provide guidance for the development of next-generation electrolytes.Finally,future perspectives on advanced electrolyte design are proposed.This review aims to serve as a comprehensive reference for researchers exploring high-performance electrolyte engineering in AZIBs.展开更多
The electric double layer(EDL)at the electrochemical interface is crucial for ion transport,charge transfer,and surface reactions in aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries(ARZBs).However,Zn anodes routinely encounter per...The electric double layer(EDL)at the electrochemical interface is crucial for ion transport,charge transfer,and surface reactions in aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries(ARZBs).However,Zn anodes routinely encounter persistent dendrite growth and parasitic reactions,driven by the inhomogeneous charge distribution and water-dominated environment within the EDL.Compounding this,classical EDL theory,rooted in meanfield approximations,further fails to resolve molecular-scale interfacial dynamics under battery-operating conditions,limiting mechanistic insights.Herein,we established a multiscale theoretical calculation framework from single molecular characteristics to interfacial ion distribution,revealing the EDL’s structure and interactions between different ions and molecules,which helps us understand the parasitic processes in depth.Simulations demonstrate that water dipole and sulfate ion adsorption at the inner Helmholtz plane drives severe hydrogen evolution and by-product formation.Guided by these insights,we engineered a“water-poor and anion-expelled”EDL using 4,1’,6’-trichlorogalactosucrose(TGS)as an electrolyte additive.As a result,Zn||Zn symmetric cells with TGS exhibited stable cycling for over 4700 h under a current density of 1 mA cm^(−2),while NaV_(3)O_(8)·1.5H_(2)O-based full cells kept 90.4%of the initial specific capacity after 800 cycles at 5 A g^(−1).This work highlights the power of multiscale theoretical frameworks to unravel EDL complexities and guide high-performance ARZB design through integrated theory-experiment approaches.展开更多
Halide perovskite materials have received considerable attention for solar cells,LEDs,lasers etc.owing to their controllable physicochemical properties and structural advantages.However,little research has focused on ...Halide perovskite materials have received considerable attention for solar cells,LEDs,lasers etc.owing to their controllable physicochemical properties and structural advantages.However,little research has focused on energy storage and conversion applications,such as use as anodes in lithium-ion batteries.In this paper,all-inorganic lead-free halide perovskite Cs_(3)Bi_(2)Cl_(9)powders were synthesized by the grinding method,and the lattice was successfully adjusted via introducing Mn^(2+).The characterization results show that Mn-ion substitution can cause local lattice distortion to restructure the lattice,which will cause a mixed arrangement of[BiCl_(6)]octahedra to improve the performance of the anode material.This new material can provide a feasible solution for solving the problem of low specific capacity anode materials caused by unstable crystal structures,and also indicates that such perovskites with unique crystal structures and lattice tunability have broad application prospects in lithium-ion batteries.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D) ultra-tiny Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles/graphene hydrogels were prepared using a facile and efficient solvothermal reaction, by which the phase of iron oxide, particle size and the morphology of hyd...Three-dimensional(3D) ultra-tiny Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles/graphene hydrogels were prepared using a facile and efficient solvothermal reaction, by which the phase of iron oxide, particle size and the morphology of hydrogels can be precisely controlled by simply adjusting the solvothermal reaction time. Accordingly, the effect of the microstructures of hydrogels on electrochemical performance was systematically studied. It was found that Fe_(2)O_(3)/r GO-50 hydrogels(with a solvothermal reaction time of 50 min) possessed a desirable crystallinity, suitable particle size, decent porous structure, large specific surface area and high electrical conductivity, thus exhibiting a superior electrochemical performance as binder-free anode of supercapacitors: a large potential range of 1.15 V, an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 1090 F·g^(-1) at a current density of 2A·g^(-1) and excellent rate capability (531 F·g^(-1) at 10 A·g^(-1)). The rational design and systematic research of electrode materials will provide new lights for the preparation of advanced electrochemical energy storage devices.展开更多
In this work,the combined addition of strontium/indium(Sr/In)to the magnesium anode for Mg-Air Cells is investigated to improve discharge performance by modifying the anode/electrolyte interface.Indium exists as solid...In this work,the combined addition of strontium/indium(Sr/In)to the magnesium anode for Mg-Air Cells is investigated to improve discharge performance by modifying the anode/electrolyte interface.Indium exists as solid solution atoms in theα-Mg matrix without its second-phase generation,and at the same time facilitates grain refinement,dendritic segregation and Mg17Sr2-phases precipitation.During discharge operation,Sr modifies the film composition via its compounds and promoted the redeposition of In at the substrate/film interface;their co-deposition behavior on the anodic reaction surface enhances anode reaction kinetics,suppresses the negative difference effect(NDE)and mitigates the“chunk effect”(CE),which is contributed to uniform dissolution and low self-corrosion hydrogen evolution rate(HER).Therefore,Mg-Sr-xIn alloy anodes show excellent discharge performance,e.g.,0.5Sr-1.0In shows an average discharge voltage of 1.4234 V and a specific energy density of 1990.71 Wh kg^(-1)at 10 mA cm^(-2).Furthermore,the decisive factor(CE and self-discharge HE)for anodic efficiency are quantitively analyzed,the self-discharge is the main factor of cell efficiency loss.Surprisingly,all Mg-Sr-xIn anodes show anodic efficiency greater than 60%at high current density(≥10 mA cm^(-2)),making them excellent candidate anodes for Mg-Air cells at high-power output.展开更多
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with organic electrodes are an emerging research direction due to the sustainability of organic materials based on elements like C,H,O,and sodium ions.Currently,organic electrode materials ...Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with organic electrodes are an emerging research direction due to the sustainability of organic materials based on elements like C,H,O,and sodium ions.Currently,organic electrode materials for SIBs are mainly used as cathodes because of their relatively high redox potentials(>1 V).Organic electrodes with low redox potential that can be used as anode are rare.Herein,a novel organic anode material (tetrasodium 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylate,Na_(4)TDC) has been developed with low redox potential (<0.7 V) and excellent cyclic stability.Its three-sodium storage mechanism was demonstrated with various in-situ/ex-situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculations,showing a high capacity of 208 mAh/g and an average decay rate of merely 0.022%per cycle.Moreover,the Na_(4)TDC-hard carbon composite can further acquire improved capacity and cycling stability for 1200 cycles even with a high mass loading of up to 20 mg cm^(-2).By pairing with a thick Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)cathode (20.6 mg cm^(-2)),the as-fabricated full cell exhibited high operating voltage (2.8 V),excellent rate performance and cycling stability with a high capacity retention of 88.7% after 200 cycles,well highlighting the Na_(4)TDC anode material for SIBs.展开更多
The dominated contradiction in optimizing the performance of magnesium-air battery anode lies in the difficulty of achieving a good balance between activation and passivation during discharge process.To further reconci...The dominated contradiction in optimizing the performance of magnesium-air battery anode lies in the difficulty of achieving a good balance between activation and passivation during discharge process.To further reconcile this contradiction,two Mg-0.1Sc-0.1Y-0.1Ag anodes with different residual strain distribution through extrusion with/without annealing are fabricated.The results indicate that annealing can significantly lessen the“pseudo-anode”regions,thereby changing the dissolution mode of the matrix and achieving an effective dissolution during discharge.Additionally,p-type semiconductor characteristic of discharge productfilm could suppress the self-corrosion reaction without reducing the polarization of anode.The magnesium-air battery utilizing annealed Mg-0.1Sc-0.1Y-0.1Ag as anode achieves a synergistic improvement in specific capacity(1388.89 mA h g^(-1))and energy density(1960.42 mW h g^(-1)).This anode modification method accelerates the advancement of high efficiency and long lifespan magnesium-air batteries,offering renewable and cost-effective energy solutions for electronics and emergency equipment.展开更多
A novel precipitate-free Mg-0.1Sn anode with a homogeneous equal-axis grain structure was developed and rolled successfully at 573 K.Electrochemical test results indicate that the Mg-0.1Sn alloy exhibits enhanced anod...A novel precipitate-free Mg-0.1Sn anode with a homogeneous equal-axis grain structure was developed and rolled successfully at 573 K.Electrochemical test results indicate that the Mg-0.1Sn alloy exhibits enhanced anode dissolution kinetics.A Mg-air battery prepared using this anode exhibits a cell voltage of 1.626 V at 0.5 mA/cm^(2),reasonable anodic efficiency of 58.17%,and good specific energy of 1730.96 mW·h/g at 10 mA/cm^(2).This performance is attributed to the effective reactive anode surface,the suppressed chunk effect,and weak self-corrosion owing to the homogeneous basal texture.展开更多
Silicon(Si)is a promising anode material for rechargeable batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and abundance,but its practical application is hindered by the continuous growth of porous solid-electrolyte int...Silicon(Si)is a promising anode material for rechargeable batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and abundance,but its practical application is hindered by the continuous growth of porous solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI),leading to capacity fade.Herein,a LiF-Pie structured SEI is proposed,with LiF nanodomains encapsulated in the inner layer of the organic cross-linking silane matrix.A series of advanced techniques such as cryogenic electron microscopy,time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry,and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry have provided detailed insights into the formation mechanism,nanostructure,and chemical composition of the interface.With such SEI,the capacity retention of LiCoO_(2)||Si is significantly improved from 49.6%to 88.9%after 300 cycles at 100 mA g^(-1).These findings provide a desirable interfacial design principle with enhanced(electro)chemical and mechanical stability,which are crucial for sustaining Si anode functionality,thereby significantly advancing the reliability and practical application of Si-based anodes.展开更多
Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)are considered as a promising energy storage system owing to its abundant potassium resources.As an important part of the battery composition,anode materials play a vital role in the futur...Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)are considered as a promising energy storage system owing to its abundant potassium resources.As an important part of the battery composition,anode materials play a vital role in the future development of PIBs.Bismuth-based anode materials demonstrate great potential for storing potassium ions(K^(+))due to their layered structure,high theoretical capacity based on the alloying reaction mechanism,and safe operating voltage.However,the large radius of K^(+)inevitably induces severe volume expansion in depotassiation/potassiation,and the sluggish kinetics of K^(+)insertion/extraction limits its further development.Herein,we summarize the strategies used to improve the potassium storage properties of various types of materials and introduce recent advances in the design and fabrication of favorable structural features of bismuth-based materials.Firstly,this review analyzes the structure,working mechanism and advantages and disadvantages of various types of materials for potassium storage.Then,based on this,the manuscript focuses on summarizing modification strategies including structural and morphological design,compositing with other materials,and electrolyte optimization,and elucidating the advantages of various modifications in enhancing the potassium storage performance.Finally,we outline the current challenges of bismuth-based materials in PIBs and put forward some prospects to be verified.展开更多
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51506155)
文摘MoO_2 nanocrystals(NCs) on Ni foam were simply synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method and a dip-coating method. It was worth noting that ultrafine interconnected MoO_2 nanocrystals(about 10 nm) were uniformly anchored on Ni foam to fabricate a particular three-dimensional architecture, which may provide more active sites and shorter transmission pathways for lithium ions. As binder-free anode, MoO_2 NCs on Ni foam deliver a high initial discharge capacity of 990 mAh·g^(-1) and retain a reversible capacity of 924 mAh· g(-1) after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.1 C. More importantly, when the current density returns from 2 C to 0.1 C, the capacity recovers to 910 mAh·g(-1)(about 92% of the original high capacity), suggesting excellent cycling stability and rate capability. The particular 3 D electrode as binder-free anode makes it a promising anode candidate for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
基金supported by the National Natural science Foundation of China (No. U1804138)the Science Foundation of Henan Province (No. 162300410209)+1 种基金the Key Scientific Research Project of High Schools in Henan Province (No. 17A480009)the Special Key Research Program of Henan Province (No. 182102210488)
文摘Alloyed-type anode materials with high-energy density for lithium and sodium ion batteries attracted much attention of the researchers. However, substantial volume expansion of these materials in the devices during repeated electrochemical process leads to fast capacity fading and hinders their further practical application. Nanotechnology could act as a useful tool to effectively address the issue. Herein, lotus-stalk Bi4Ge3O12 nanosheets vertically grown on the nickel foam (denoted as Bi4Ge3O12 NSs@NF) were prepared via a straight-forward solvothermal method. Benefiting from their three dimensional (3D) conductive framework and two dimensional (2D) lotus-stalk Bi4Ge3O12 nanosheet structure, as anode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (NIBs), the electrochemical performances of Bi4Ge3O12 NSs@NF were greatly enhanced as a result of mitigating the huge volume variations during cycles. The Bi4Ge3O12 NSs@NF electrodes delivered a high reversible capacity of 1033.1 mAh/g for the first cycle and exhibited 68.6%capacity retention of after 88 cycles at 0.10 A/g in the voltage window of 0.01~3.0 V versus Li/Li+. In the test of NIBs, the lotus-stalk Bi4Ge3O12 composite electrodes still stored Na+as high as 332.3 mAh/g at 0.10 A/g over 100 sodiation/desodiation repeating cycles.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21673051)the Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(No.2019A050510043)the Department of Science and Technology of Zhuhai City,China(No.ZH22017001200059PWC)。
文摘Owing to the wide range and low cost of sodium resources,sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have received extensive attention and research.Metal sulfides with high theoretical capacity are used as promising anode materials for SIBs.This paper presents the electrochemical performance of the binder-free NiS_(2)nanosheet arrays grown on stainless steel(SS)substrate(NiS_(2)/SS)using an in situ growth and sulfidation strategy as anode for sodium ion batteries.Owing to the close connection between the NiS_(2)nanosheet arrays and the SS current collector,the NiS_(2)/SS anode demonstrates high rate capability with a reversible capacity of 492.5 mAh·g^(-1)at 5.0C rate.Such rate capability is superior to that of NiS_(2)nanoparticles(NiS_(2)/CMC:41.7 mAh·g^(-1)at 5.0C,NiS_(2)/PVDF:7.3 mAh·g^(-1)at 5.0C)and other Ni sulfides(100–450 mAh·g^(-1)at 5.0C)reported.Furthermore,the initial reversible specific capacity and Coulombic efficiency of NiS_(2)/SS are 786.5 mAh·g^(-1)and 81%,respec-tively,demonstrating a better sodium storage ability than those of most NiS_(2)anodes reported for SIBs.In addition,the amorphization and conversion mechanism during the sodiation/desodiation process of NiS_(2)are proposed after investigation by in situ X-ray diffraction(XRD)measurements of intermediate products at successive charge/discharge stages.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21503025,21503178 and 21603019)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.0903005203377 and 106112016CDJZR325520)+3 种基金Key Program for International Science and Technology Cooperation Projects of Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2016YFE0125900)Venture and Innovation Support Program for Chongqing Overseas Returnees(cx2017060 and cx2017115)Chongqing Research Program of Basic Research and Frontier Technology(No.cstc2016jcyjA1059)Hundred Talents Program of Chongqing University.
文摘Generally,the practical capacity of an electrode should include the weight of non-active components such as current collector,polymer binder,and conductive additives,which were as high as 70 wt%in current reported works,seriously limiting the practical capacity.This work pioneered the usage of ultralight reduced graphene fiber(rGF)fabrics as conductive scaffolds,aiming to reduce the weight of nonactive components and enhance the practical capacity.Ultrathin SnS2 nanosheets/rGF hybrids were prepared and used as binder-free electrodes of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs).The interfused graphene fibers endow the electrode a porous,continuous,and conductive network.The in situ phase transformation from SnO2 to SnS2 could preserve the strong interfacial interactions between SnS2 and graphene.Benefitting from these,the designed binder-free electrode delivers a high specific capacity of 500 mAh g?1 after 500 cycles at a current rate of 0.5 A g?1 with almost 100%Coulombic efficiency.Furthermore,the weight percentage of SnS2 in the whole electrode could reach up to 67.2 wt%,much higher than that of common electrode configurations using Cu foil,Al foil,or carbon cloth,significantly highlighting the ultralight characters and advantages of the rGF fabrics for using as binder-free electrodes of SIBs.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51872071, 52172173)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar(No. 2108085J25)Natural Science Research Projects of Universities in Anhui Province (No. KJ2020A0021)。
文摘Antimony-based materials are considered as promising anodes for potassium ion batteries due to their high theoretical capacity and low electrode potential. However, the aggregation and bulk expansion of Sb particles in cycling will cause capacity attenuation and poor rate performance. In this paper, Sb nanoplates were designed to be embedded in flexible porous N-dopped carbon nanofibers(Sb@PCNFs)by a simple electrospinning deposition(ESD) method. In this structural design, Sb nanoplates of high capacity were employed as active materials, N-dopped carbon nanofibers were used to improve conductivity and structural stability. The introduction of pore-forming agent enables the nanofibers to possess porous structure, thus buffering the huge volume change and promoting the transfer of electrolyte/ions.More importantly, the freestanding film can be directly used as a working electrode, reducing the redundancy in the battery and the cost. Benefitting from the favorable structure, the freestanding flexible Sb@PCNFs electrode shows excellent potassium storage performance with a capacity of 314 m Ah/g after 2000 cycles at 500 m A/g. This strategy of employing active material with high capacity in porous and conductive flexible nanofibers represents an effective method of achieving binder-free electrode with good electrochemical performance towards wearable energy storage devices.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2013CB934001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51572238)+2 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.LY15E010004the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2016XZZX005-07)the Program for Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education of China(No.IRT13037)
文摘Sodium-ion batteries（SIBs） recently have received a worldwide attention due to the resource abundance of sodium and similar battery chemistry with lithium-ion batteries（LIBs）. However, search for suitable anodes for SIBs still remains a challenge since graphitized carbon, the anode for commercial LIBs, usually exhibits low electrochemical Na-storage activity. In this work, a unique graphene-reinforced Ni3S2 thin film（Ni3S2/G） has been constructed and investigated as a promising anode for SIBs. The Ni3S2 thin film has a thickness of 200–300 nm and is composed of small sized crystals of around 100 nm. The graphene has a wrinkled surface profile which offers three-dimensional networks for electron conductivity and structural reinforcement. The Ni3S2/G thin film exhibits high capacity, excellent cycling stability and good rate capability due to the introduction of wrinkled graphene. Ni3S2/G can deliver a high initial capacity of 791 m Ah g-1at 50 m A g-1. The capacity can be maintained at 563 m Ah g-1after 110 cycles.This work provides a unique design for high-performance SIBs anodes.
基金supported financially by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFA0204100,2016YFA0200200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21890753,21988101,21905035)+1 种基金the Danish company Haldor Tops?e A/S,Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1907093)the Liaoning Natural Science Foundation(20180510043)。
文摘Molybdenum sulfide(MoS_(2))with well-designed porous structure has the potential to be great electrode materials in sodium-ion batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and abundant resource,however,hindered by its intrinsic low conductivity and stability.Herein,MoS_(2) with 3 D macroporous foam structure and high conductivity was obtained through SiO_(2) templates and integrated with carbon paper(3 D FMoS_(2)/CP).It has showed superior specific capacity(225 m A h g^(-1),0.4–3 V)and cycling stability(1000 cycles)at high rate(2000 m A g^(-1)),with a low decay rate(0.033%per cycle)in sodium-ion batteries.The excellent electrochemical performance may originate from its unique integrated structure:3 D MoS_(2) macropores providing high surface area and abundant transfer channels while carbon paper enhancing the conductivity of MoS_(2) and avoiding unnecessary side reactions brought by binder addition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.21573109,21206069)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD).
文摘Cobalt sulphides attract much attention as anode materials for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).However,its poor conductivity,low initial column efficiency and large volume changes during cycling have hindered its further development.Herein,novel interlaced CoS nanosheets were firstly prepared on Carbon Fiber Cloth(CFC)by two hydrothermal reactions followed with carbon coating via carbonizing dopamine(CoS NS@C/CFC).As a freestanding anode,the nanosheet structure of CoS not only accommodates the volume variation,but also provides a large interface area to proceed the charge transfer reaction.In addition,CFC works as both a three-dimensional skeleton and an active substance which can further improve the areal capacity of the resulting electrode.Furthermore,the coated carbon combined with the CFC work as a 3D conductive network to facilitate the electron conduction.The obtained CoS NS@C/CFC,and the contrast sample prepared with the same procedure but without carbon coating(CoS NS/CFC),are characterized with XRD,SEM,TEM,XPS and electrochemical measurements.The results show that the CoS NS@C/CFC possesses much improved electrochemical performance due to the synergistic effect of nanosheet CoS,the coated carbon and the CFC substrate,exhibiting high initial columbic efficiency(~87%),high areal capacity(2.5 at 0.15 mA cm−2),excellent rate performance(1.6 at 2.73 mA cm−2)and improved cycle stability(87.5%capacity retention after 300 cycles).This work may provide a new route to explore freestanding anodes with high areal specific capacity for LIBs.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.22062008]Supported by the program of Qingjiang Excellent Young Talents,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology[Grant No.JXUSTQJBJ2020008]+2 种基金the Special Fund for Postgraduate Innovation of Jiangxi Province[Grant No.YC2020-S458 and YC2021-S569]National Training Program for College Students’Innovation and Entrepreneurship[Grant No.202110407005X]the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province[Grant No.2019KY56 and 2018RC02].
文摘As the anode active substance of lithium ions battery(LIB),the low conductivity/ion diffusivity and large volume changes of tungsten oxide(WO_(3))lead to its serious polarization during the lithiation/delithiation process,decreasing the cycling stability.To address these challenges,a binder-free anode consisting of nitrogen-doped tungsten oxide nanosheets,encapsulated in carbon layers(N-doped WO_(3)@CL)and entangled with carbon nanotubes macro-films(CMF),was successfully synthesized through a combination of hydrothermal and online assembly method.Compared with the pristine tungsten oxide entangled with carbon nanotubes macro-films(WO_(3)@CMF),the synthesized N-doped WO_(3)@CL@CMF as a binder-free LIB anode demonstrated better electrochemical performance,which could be attributed to(1)surface defects of WO_(3)created by N dopant providing more channels to improve Li^(+)diffusion,(2)the N-doped WO_(3)@CL with a flower-like structure shortening the diffusion length of Li^(+)ions and further leading to high Li^(+)incorporation,and(3)carbon layers and carbon nanotubes synergistically alleviating the large volume change of the N-doped WO_(3)@CL@CMF electrode during the charging and discharging process.The present study offers insights into employing nitrogen dopant and a carbon matrix to mediate the conductivity and wrapped structure in the WO_(3)semiconductor powder,which provides an important strategy for large-scale design of the binder-free LIB anode with high performance.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21872008)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing,China(No.2212019)Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars(Nos.3100011182019 and 3100011182128).We would also thank the Analysis&Testing Center of Beijing Institute of Technology measurements.
文摘Eliminating the usage of metal current collectors and binders in traditional battery electrode configuration is an effective strategy to significantly improve the capacities of lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, we demonstrate the construction of porous vanadium nitride (VN) nanosheet network in situ grown on nitrogen-rich (N-rich) carbon textile (N-C@P-VN) as lightweight and binder-free anode for LIBs. The N-rich carbon textile is used both as the current collector and host to store Li^(+), thus improving the specific capacities of binder-free VN anode and meanwhile reducing the inert mass of the whole cell. Moreover, the open spaces in carbon textile and vertically aligned pores in VN nanosheet network can not only provide an expressway for Li+ and e− transport, but also afford more active sites. As a result, the binder-free N-C@P-VN anode maintains a specific capacity of 1,040 mAh·g^(−1) (or an areal capacity of 2.6 mAh·cm^(−2)) after 100 cycles at 0.1 mA·cm^(−2) in half cell. Moreover, in an assembled N-C@P-VN//LiFePO4 full cell, it exhibits an areal capacity of 1.7 mAh·cm^(−2) after 300 cycles at 0.1 C. The synergistic strategy of N-C substrate and porous VN network could be applied to guide rational design of similar N-C@nitride or sulfide hybrid systems with corresponding sulfur-doped carbon textile as the substrate.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52125202,52202100,and U24A2065)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20243016)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024T171166).
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs)have garnered considerable attention as promising post-lithium energy storage technologies owing to their intrinsic safety,cost-effectiveness,and competitive gravimetric energy density.However,their practical commercialization is hindered by critical challenges on the anode side,including dendrite growth and parasitic reactions at the anode/electrolyte interface.Recent studies highlight that rational electrolyte structure engineering offers an effective route to mitigate these issues and strengthen the electrochemical performance of the zinc metal anode.In this review,we systematically summarize state-of-the-art strategies for electrolyte optimization,with a particular focus on the zinc salts regulation,electrolyte additives,and the construction of novel electrolytes,while elucidating the underlying design principles.We further discuss the key structure–property relationships governing electrolyte behavior to provide guidance for the development of next-generation electrolytes.Finally,future perspectives on advanced electrolyte design are proposed.This review aims to serve as a comprehensive reference for researchers exploring high-performance electrolyte engineering in AZIBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52471240)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LZ23B030003)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(226-2024-00075)support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC,UK)RiR grant-RIR18221018-1EU COST CA23155。
文摘The electric double layer(EDL)at the electrochemical interface is crucial for ion transport,charge transfer,and surface reactions in aqueous rechargeable zinc batteries(ARZBs).However,Zn anodes routinely encounter persistent dendrite growth and parasitic reactions,driven by the inhomogeneous charge distribution and water-dominated environment within the EDL.Compounding this,classical EDL theory,rooted in meanfield approximations,further fails to resolve molecular-scale interfacial dynamics under battery-operating conditions,limiting mechanistic insights.Herein,we established a multiscale theoretical calculation framework from single molecular characteristics to interfacial ion distribution,revealing the EDL’s structure and interactions between different ions and molecules,which helps us understand the parasitic processes in depth.Simulations demonstrate that water dipole and sulfate ion adsorption at the inner Helmholtz plane drives severe hydrogen evolution and by-product formation.Guided by these insights,we engineered a“water-poor and anion-expelled”EDL using 4,1’,6’-trichlorogalactosucrose(TGS)as an electrolyte additive.As a result,Zn||Zn symmetric cells with TGS exhibited stable cycling for over 4700 h under a current density of 1 mA cm^(−2),while NaV_(3)O_(8)·1.5H_(2)O-based full cells kept 90.4%of the initial specific capacity after 800 cycles at 5 A g^(−1).This work highlights the power of multiscale theoretical frameworks to unravel EDL complexities and guide high-performance ARZB design through integrated theory-experiment approaches.
基金supported by the Foundation of Yunnan Province(Nos.202301AU070021,202201BE070001-027)the Test Foundation of KUST(No.2022T20210208).
文摘Halide perovskite materials have received considerable attention for solar cells,LEDs,lasers etc.owing to their controllable physicochemical properties and structural advantages.However,little research has focused on energy storage and conversion applications,such as use as anodes in lithium-ion batteries.In this paper,all-inorganic lead-free halide perovskite Cs_(3)Bi_(2)Cl_(9)powders were synthesized by the grinding method,and the lattice was successfully adjusted via introducing Mn^(2+).The characterization results show that Mn-ion substitution can cause local lattice distortion to restructure the lattice,which will cause a mixed arrangement of[BiCl_(6)]octahedra to improve the performance of the anode material.This new material can provide a feasible solution for solving the problem of low specific capacity anode materials caused by unstable crystal structures,and also indicates that such perovskites with unique crystal structures and lattice tunability have broad application prospects in lithium-ion batteries.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21603019,51772034 and 12075224)the Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure(No. SKL201807SIC)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2019CDJGFCL004)。
文摘Three-dimensional(3D) ultra-tiny Fe_(2)O_(3) nanoparticles/graphene hydrogels were prepared using a facile and efficient solvothermal reaction, by which the phase of iron oxide, particle size and the morphology of hydrogels can be precisely controlled by simply adjusting the solvothermal reaction time. Accordingly, the effect of the microstructures of hydrogels on electrochemical performance was systematically studied. It was found that Fe_(2)O_(3)/r GO-50 hydrogels(with a solvothermal reaction time of 50 min) possessed a desirable crystallinity, suitable particle size, decent porous structure, large specific surface area and high electrical conductivity, thus exhibiting a superior electrochemical performance as binder-free anode of supercapacitors: a large potential range of 1.15 V, an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 1090 F·g^(-1) at a current density of 2A·g^(-1) and excellent rate capability (531 F·g^(-1) at 10 A·g^(-1)). The rational design and systematic research of electrode materials will provide new lights for the preparation of advanced electrochemical energy storage devices.
文摘In this work,the combined addition of strontium/indium(Sr/In)to the magnesium anode for Mg-Air Cells is investigated to improve discharge performance by modifying the anode/electrolyte interface.Indium exists as solid solution atoms in theα-Mg matrix without its second-phase generation,and at the same time facilitates grain refinement,dendritic segregation and Mg17Sr2-phases precipitation.During discharge operation,Sr modifies the film composition via its compounds and promoted the redeposition of In at the substrate/film interface;their co-deposition behavior on the anodic reaction surface enhances anode reaction kinetics,suppresses the negative difference effect(NDE)and mitigates the“chunk effect”(CE),which is contributed to uniform dissolution and low self-corrosion hydrogen evolution rate(HER).Therefore,Mg-Sr-xIn alloy anodes show excellent discharge performance,e.g.,0.5Sr-1.0In shows an average discharge voltage of 1.4234 V and a specific energy density of 1990.71 Wh kg^(-1)at 10 mA cm^(-2).Furthermore,the decisive factor(CE and self-discharge HE)for anodic efficiency are quantitively analyzed,the self-discharge is the main factor of cell efficiency loss.Surprisingly,all Mg-Sr-xIn anodes show anodic efficiency greater than 60%at high current density(≥10 mA cm^(-2)),making them excellent candidate anodes for Mg-Air cells at high-power output.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFB2402200)National Natural Science Foundation of China (22225201,22379028)+2 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (20720220010)Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research–Fudan University 21TQ1400100 (21TQ009)Key Basic Research Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (23520750400)。
文摘Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) with organic electrodes are an emerging research direction due to the sustainability of organic materials based on elements like C,H,O,and sodium ions.Currently,organic electrode materials for SIBs are mainly used as cathodes because of their relatively high redox potentials(>1 V).Organic electrodes with low redox potential that can be used as anode are rare.Herein,a novel organic anode material (tetrasodium 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylate,Na_(4)TDC) has been developed with low redox potential (<0.7 V) and excellent cyclic stability.Its three-sodium storage mechanism was demonstrated with various in-situ/ex-situ spectroscopy and theoretical calculations,showing a high capacity of 208 mAh/g and an average decay rate of merely 0.022%per cycle.Moreover,the Na_(4)TDC-hard carbon composite can further acquire improved capacity and cycling stability for 1200 cycles even with a high mass loading of up to 20 mg cm^(-2).By pairing with a thick Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)cathode (20.6 mg cm^(-2)),the as-fabricated full cell exhibited high operating voltage (2.8 V),excellent rate performance and cycling stability with a high capacity retention of 88.7% after 200 cycles,well highlighting the Na_(4)TDC anode material for SIBs.
基金the National Natural Science:Foundation of China(52375370)the Open Project of Salt Lake Chemical Engineering Research Complex,Qinghai University(2023-DXSSKF-Z02)+2 种基金the Nat-ural Science Foundation of Shanxi(202103021224049)GDAS Projects of International cooperation platform of Sci-ence and Technology(2022GDASZH-2022010203-003)Guangdong province Science and Technology Plan Projects(2023B1212060045).
文摘The dominated contradiction in optimizing the performance of magnesium-air battery anode lies in the difficulty of achieving a good balance between activation and passivation during discharge process.To further reconcile this contradiction,two Mg-0.1Sc-0.1Y-0.1Ag anodes with different residual strain distribution through extrusion with/without annealing are fabricated.The results indicate that annealing can significantly lessen the“pseudo-anode”regions,thereby changing the dissolution mode of the matrix and achieving an effective dissolution during discharge.Additionally,p-type semiconductor characteristic of discharge productfilm could suppress the self-corrosion reaction without reducing the polarization of anode.The magnesium-air battery utilizing annealed Mg-0.1Sc-0.1Y-0.1Ag as anode achieves a synergistic improvement in specific capacity(1388.89 mA h g^(-1))and energy density(1960.42 mW h g^(-1)).This anode modification method accelerates the advancement of high efficiency and long lifespan magnesium-air batteries,offering renewable and cost-effective energy solutions for electronics and emergency equipment.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51901153)Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(No.2019032)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi,China(No.202103021224049)the Shanxi Zhejiang University New Materials and Chemical Research Institute Scientific Research Project,China(No.2022SX-TD025)。
文摘A novel precipitate-free Mg-0.1Sn anode with a homogeneous equal-axis grain structure was developed and rolled successfully at 573 K.Electrochemical test results indicate that the Mg-0.1Sn alloy exhibits enhanced anode dissolution kinetics.A Mg-air battery prepared using this anode exhibits a cell voltage of 1.626 V at 0.5 mA/cm^(2),reasonable anodic efficiency of 58.17%,and good specific energy of 1730.96 mW·h/g at 10 mA/cm^(2).This performance is attributed to the effective reactive anode surface,the suppressed chunk effect,and weak self-corrosion owing to the homogeneous basal texture.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB2502200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC nos.52172257 and 22409211)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M743739)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(No.GZC20232939)CAS Youth Interdisciplinary Team。
文摘Silicon(Si)is a promising anode material for rechargeable batteries due to its high theoretical capacity and abundance,but its practical application is hindered by the continuous growth of porous solid-electrolyte interphase(SEI),leading to capacity fade.Herein,a LiF-Pie structured SEI is proposed,with LiF nanodomains encapsulated in the inner layer of the organic cross-linking silane matrix.A series of advanced techniques such as cryogenic electron microscopy,time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry,and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry have provided detailed insights into the formation mechanism,nanostructure,and chemical composition of the interface.With such SEI,the capacity retention of LiCoO_(2)||Si is significantly improved from 49.6%to 88.9%after 300 cycles at 100 mA g^(-1).These findings provide a desirable interfacial design principle with enhanced(electro)chemical and mechanical stability,which are crucial for sustaining Si anode functionality,thereby significantly advancing the reliability and practical application of Si-based anodes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22209057)the Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A04J0839).
文摘Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs)are considered as a promising energy storage system owing to its abundant potassium resources.As an important part of the battery composition,anode materials play a vital role in the future development of PIBs.Bismuth-based anode materials demonstrate great potential for storing potassium ions(K^(+))due to their layered structure,high theoretical capacity based on the alloying reaction mechanism,and safe operating voltage.However,the large radius of K^(+)inevitably induces severe volume expansion in depotassiation/potassiation,and the sluggish kinetics of K^(+)insertion/extraction limits its further development.Herein,we summarize the strategies used to improve the potassium storage properties of various types of materials and introduce recent advances in the design and fabrication of favorable structural features of bismuth-based materials.Firstly,this review analyzes the structure,working mechanism and advantages and disadvantages of various types of materials for potassium storage.Then,based on this,the manuscript focuses on summarizing modification strategies including structural and morphological design,compositing with other materials,and electrolyte optimization,and elucidating the advantages of various modifications in enhancing the potassium storage performance.Finally,we outline the current challenges of bismuth-based materials in PIBs and put forward some prospects to be verified.
