In this paper,based on the structure-behavior coupling paradigm,we propose the concept of deviation of central town to describe the geography-market distance between farmers and the central regional town.Using the sur...In this paper,based on the structure-behavior coupling paradigm,we propose the concept of deviation of central town to describe the geography-market distance between farmers and the central regional town.Using the survey data from farmers in a poverty-stricken village in Western China,the impact of deviation of central town on farmers'livelihood strategies is analyzed.The results indicate that farmers exhibit spatial heterogeneity in their livelihood strategies.Those with low deviation show a strong inclination towards working in urban areas,while those with high deviation tend to integrate into rural industries.The deviation of central town influences farmers'livelihood strategies through the information effect,which is also affected by the level of rural infrastructure and public services,labor force structure and assistance policies.The obtained results are expected to provide guidance for promoting the integration of farmers into the urban-rural economic cycle based on sustainable livelihoods and connecting poverty alleviation with rural revitalization.展开更多
Bicycling constitutes an integral component of sustainable non-motorized means of travel. Despite the immense benefits of bicycling, the modal share of bicycling is quite low, specifically among young and low-income c...Bicycling constitutes an integral component of sustainable non-motorized means of travel. Despite the immense benefits of bicycling, the modal share of bicycling is quite low, specifically among young and low-income commuters e.g., college and university students. This study explores the perceptions of and barriers to bicycling of the campus community at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville with the aim to identify the factors that could enhance bike use among students at the university campus as well as highlight the barriers that keep young population away from biking. An online survey about bike use at the university campus was administered and responses to the survey were recorded. On the methodological front, a binary logit model was estimated with students’ willingness to use bikes at campus as the dependent variable. The survey results revealed that about 47% of the students considered vehicular traffic as the reason for feeling unsafe while biking and emphasized having separate bike routes. Most of the respondents highlighted the need to change clothes after biking in summer or carry things as the reason for not selecting bikes as a mode of transport at the campus, whereas inadequate bike lanes, paths, or trails, insufficient lighting along bike routes, and the lack of adequate bicycle parking were highlighted as the major barriers deterring bike use within the campus. The study suggests development of a campus bike network with proper bike lanes, bike runnels, installation of safety cameras and better lighting at the campus, and bike-supporting infrastructure such as communal showers to be provided in campus buildings to encourage bike use among university students. The study findings can assist campus transportation planners in devising a sustainable campus transportation plan incorporating the influencing factors and deterrents of bike use in a university campus setting.展开更多
Rapid transit(RT)systems are becoming increasingly attractive in the developing world as they improve transportation and mobility conditions in urban areas,reduce motorization impacts and offer high quality,yet cost e...Rapid transit(RT)systems are becoming increasingly attractive in the developing world as they improve transportation and mobility conditions in urban areas,reduce motorization impacts and offer high quality,yet cost effective services to travelers.Light rail transit(LRT)and bus rapid transit(BRT)are RT systems that combine high capacity with relatively low investment costs,and as such,they are preferred in developing countries over regular metro systems.This paper investigates traveler preferences over alternative,planned rapid transit options for the city of Multan,Pakistan.The analysis is based on a household information survey with over 2300 questionnaires completed via personal interviews.Intention to pay for improved PT services and choice between LRT and BRT systems are investigated,using appropriate econometric models.Findings of this study can assist in better understanding the factors and their effect on choice between BRT and LRT in developing countries.Results show that potential travelers,who prefer LRT are willing to pay more for better public transport services.On the other hand,commuters and elders express a taste towards BRT implementation.Based on model outputs policy makers can develop targeted marketing policies in order to promote BRT/LRT implementation andattract candidate travelers from different groups,improving the possibility that users would support a BRT or LRT project.展开更多
文摘In this paper,based on the structure-behavior coupling paradigm,we propose the concept of deviation of central town to describe the geography-market distance between farmers and the central regional town.Using the survey data from farmers in a poverty-stricken village in Western China,the impact of deviation of central town on farmers'livelihood strategies is analyzed.The results indicate that farmers exhibit spatial heterogeneity in their livelihood strategies.Those with low deviation show a strong inclination towards working in urban areas,while those with high deviation tend to integrate into rural industries.The deviation of central town influences farmers'livelihood strategies through the information effect,which is also affected by the level of rural infrastructure and public services,labor force structure and assistance policies.The obtained results are expected to provide guidance for promoting the integration of farmers into the urban-rural economic cycle based on sustainable livelihoods and connecting poverty alleviation with rural revitalization.
文摘Bicycling constitutes an integral component of sustainable non-motorized means of travel. Despite the immense benefits of bicycling, the modal share of bicycling is quite low, specifically among young and low-income commuters e.g., college and university students. This study explores the perceptions of and barriers to bicycling of the campus community at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville with the aim to identify the factors that could enhance bike use among students at the university campus as well as highlight the barriers that keep young population away from biking. An online survey about bike use at the university campus was administered and responses to the survey were recorded. On the methodological front, a binary logit model was estimated with students’ willingness to use bikes at campus as the dependent variable. The survey results revealed that about 47% of the students considered vehicular traffic as the reason for feeling unsafe while biking and emphasized having separate bike routes. Most of the respondents highlighted the need to change clothes after biking in summer or carry things as the reason for not selecting bikes as a mode of transport at the campus, whereas inadequate bike lanes, paths, or trails, insufficient lighting along bike routes, and the lack of adequate bicycle parking were highlighted as the major barriers deterring bike use within the campus. The study suggests development of a campus bike network with proper bike lanes, bike runnels, installation of safety cameras and better lighting at the campus, and bike-supporting infrastructure such as communal showers to be provided in campus buildings to encourage bike use among university students. The study findings can assist campus transportation planners in devising a sustainable campus transportation plan incorporating the influencing factors and deterrents of bike use in a university campus setting.
基金part of a consultancy project funded by the Government of Punjab and the Punjab Metrobus Authority(www.pma.punjab.gov.pk)。
文摘Rapid transit(RT)systems are becoming increasingly attractive in the developing world as they improve transportation and mobility conditions in urban areas,reduce motorization impacts and offer high quality,yet cost effective services to travelers.Light rail transit(LRT)and bus rapid transit(BRT)are RT systems that combine high capacity with relatively low investment costs,and as such,they are preferred in developing countries over regular metro systems.This paper investigates traveler preferences over alternative,planned rapid transit options for the city of Multan,Pakistan.The analysis is based on a household information survey with over 2300 questionnaires completed via personal interviews.Intention to pay for improved PT services and choice between LRT and BRT systems are investigated,using appropriate econometric models.Findings of this study can assist in better understanding the factors and their effect on choice between BRT and LRT in developing countries.Results show that potential travelers,who prefer LRT are willing to pay more for better public transport services.On the other hand,commuters and elders express a taste towards BRT implementation.Based on model outputs policy makers can develop targeted marketing policies in order to promote BRT/LRT implementation andattract candidate travelers from different groups,improving the possibility that users would support a BRT or LRT project.
